2020届江西省南昌市四校联盟2017级高三第二次联考英语试卷无答案

江西省南昌市2020届高三二模测试卷英语试题含答案江西省南昌市2020届高三第二次模拟测试卷英语注意事项：1.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名和考试号写在答题卡相应的位置。

2.全部答案在答题卡上完成，用2B铅笔涂满涂黑，答在试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后，将答题卡上交。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后,你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. ￡19.15.B.￡9.1 8C.￡9.15.答案是C。

1.Where does this conversation take place?A. In a car.B.In a lift.C.In a bookstore.2.What does Wendy want to do?A. Prepare supper.B.Set the table.C.Watch a show.3.What are the speakers talking about?A. The after-sales service.B.The price of goods.C.The product quality.4.What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Husband and wife.B.Brother and sister.C.Mother and son.5.What does Bill advise the woman to do?A. To consult the dictionary.B. To buy a magazine.C.To play word games.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

【关键字】英语江西省南昌市2017届高三英语第四次联考试题时间：120分钟满分：150分第Ⅰ卷(共100分)第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节：(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)请听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. When is the play to begin according to the schedule?A. At 9:10．B. At 9:30．C. At 9:50．2. How will the speakers probably go?A. On foot．B. By bus．C. By taxi．3. What will the man do this afternoon?A. Give a report．B. Have a discussion．C. Take a business trip．4. What does the woman think of the man’s opinion?A. She considers it a fact．B. She disagrees with him．C. She thinks it interesting．5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Their new boss．B. Their hobbies．C. Their work．第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白后，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

2020届四校联盟第二次联考英语参考答案听力理解1-5 CABAB 6-10 BCAAC 11-15 ABCBA 16-20 BBCAB阅读理解21-23 ABC 24-27 BDCC 28-31 DCDB 32-35 BDAC 36-40 EFDBG完型填空41-45 BABAC 46-50 DCDBC 51-55 ADBDC 56-60 AABCD语法填空61. without 62. strengthen 63. us 64. a/one 65. are exposed 66. increases 67. to promote 68. actually 69. fitness 70. that改错Dear Tom, I haven’t heard from you for a long time. What is everything going with you? To be honest, I am not used the food here and the weather always makes me uncomfortably. Therefore, I find that difficult to concentrate on my studies. The new teachers are friendly and they speak so fast that I can’t quite understand them. This often discourages from me in class. What’s bad, I always feel lonely after school. I really want to go back to my previous school, studied together with you.I was very worried, Can you give me some advices? I'm looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely,Jack书面表达Dear Worried,I'm sorry to know that you are having such a bad time at the moment. The truth is that Howto uncomfortable it but worse studying am adviceeveryone will have one of those periods when things seem to be going wrong，so there is no need to worry too much. What matters most is to learn to control your temper so that you may not do or say anything that you’ll regret. Here are three useful tips.First of all，talk to someone you trust about how you feel, which is a good way of letting your anger out without hurting others or yourself. Besides, it also helps to go outdoors and play team games with your friends as physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger．Last but not least，remain optimistic about your future．Such a positive attitude toward life can be helpful in lifting your spirits．I feel that my suggestions would be of great benefit if you stick to them.Yours sincerely,Li HuaA21题根据文章第三段Description 可知故事是一个爱情故事，答案选A22题根据文章第三段第二行“After Anne Elliot follows the advice of her dearest friend and breaks off her engagement to Frederick”可知答案选B23题根据文中最后一段第五行“she developed her careful analysis of life back that time through description of the middle class in small town”可知答案选CB24题根据文章第二段第一句可知答案选B25题第三段第一句“this idea didn’t come from nowhere”以及后面引用的诗句可以得知本段是介绍文化背景26题根据最后一段第三行“回家过春节能让人们感受到家的温暖”，可知电影更能引起人们的乡愁27题根据文章倒数第二段第三行可知中国电影应该要有我们自己的文化和精神内涵C28题根据文章第二段对迷你机器人的动作描述可以得知他们的灵活性特点29题根据文章第三段“using cheap and easy to find parts”和“it can be easily replaced”等可以得知原因30题根据文章最后一段“extends beyond entertainment”和“assist first respondents with search and recovery missions following natural disasters like earthquakes, work alongside firefighters, even respond to military emergencies”可知答案31题本文描述的是一种新型迷你机器人的制造和研究及其用途介绍，极有可能出现在一本杂志上D32题题意是大人对现今小孩子的假设猜想，根据文章第一段最后一句“the finding stands in great contrast with the assumption by adults”可知答案33题词义猜测题根据文章句子的后文“less able to wait”可知答案34题根据文章第四段第五行“the primary object of preschool changed from largely custodial to school readiness ”可知答案35题根据最后一段Walter 所说的话可知，在棉花糖测试中孩子们的延迟满足感的能力没有减弱并不能说明当面临诱惑的时候孩子们愿意选择延迟满足七选五36题根据后文“所以他们不用浪费精力发出警告直到探测到这些青蛙靠近领土”可知36空是写原因，他们从很远距离便能识别37题前文的“an unknown frog approaches”可知37空仍然接着描述陌生青蛙的情况38题根据前文可知此处描写的是当有攻击者靠近的时候，青蛙会发出尖锐急促的警告并匆促离开39题从文章后文可知，本段在介绍被误抓后青蛙发出的叫声40题从后文的“another species”可知此处应选择与其他物种混合的情况完型45题weigh on sb. “使焦虑，使担忧”46题mean “意思是...”47题好话却说的方式不对，negative“消极的，负面的”53题explore “探究，探索，仔细研究”。

南昌市十所省重点中学2017年二模突破冲刺交流卷（02）高三英语第I卷（选择题共100分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. How did the man go to the airport?A. By bus.B. By taxi.C. By car.2. Who is Helena?A. The woman’s aunt.B. The woman’s sister.C. The woman’s cousin.3. Where does the conversation take place?A. In a restaurant.B. In a supermarket.C. At home.4. What is the man doing?A. Making an appointment.B. Cancelling an appointment.C. Rearranging an appointment.5. What are the speakers talking about?A. A film.B. A book.C. A man.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。

6. What is Mr. Spector?A. publisher.B. A writer.C. A translator.7. When should Mr. Spector finish the work?A. By the end of SeptemberB. By the end of October.C. By the end of November.听下面一段材料，回答第8、9题8. What will the speakers do at 8:30 tomorrow night?A. Watch a matchB. See a film.C. Have dinner.9. When will the speakers meet tomorrow?A. At about 6:00B. At about 6:30C. At about 6:45听下面一段材料回答第10至第12题。

2020年江西南昌二中高三英语第二次联考试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts in higher education isn’t an either / or one, although the current emphasis on preparing young Americans for STEM (science, technology, engineering, maths)-related fields can make it seem that way.The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technical training, but also insists that the study of the humanities and social sciences must remain central elements of America’s educational system at all levels. Both areas are the key to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society, become innovative leaders, and benefit from the spiritual enrichment that the reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides.Parents and students who have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates’ job prospects as technological advances and changes in domestic and global markets transform professions in ways that reduce wages and cut jobs. Under these circumstances, it’s natural to look for what may appear to be the most “practical” way out of the problem; “major in a subject designed to get you a job” seems the obvious answer to some, though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as “soft” often, in fact, lead to employment and success in the long run. Indeed, according to surveys, employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well, think critically, research creatively, and communicate easily.Moreover, students should be prepared not just for their first job, but for their 4th and 5th jobs, as there’s little reason to doubt that people entering the workforce today will be called upon to play many different roles over the course of their careers. The ones who will do the best in this new environment will be those whose educations have prepared them to be flexible. The ability to take advantage of every available tool and insight—picked up from science, arts, and technology—to solve the problems of the future, and seize the opportunities, will be helpful to them and the nation.1. What does the latest congressional report suggest?A. STEM-related subjects help students find jobs in the information society.B. The humanities and STEM subjects should be given equal importance.C. The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students’ spiritual life.D. Higher education should be adjusted to the practical needs of society.2. What is the main concern of students when they choose a major?A. Their interest in relevant subjects.B. The academic value of the courses.C. The quality of education to receive.D. Their chances of getting a good job.3. What does the author say about the so called “soft” subjects?A. They benefit students in their future life.B. They broaden students’ range of interests.C. They just improve students’ communication skills.D. They are essential to students’ healthy growth.BI once had my Chinese MBA students brainstorming on “two-hour business plans.” I separated them into six groups and gave them an example: a restaurant chain. The more original their ideas, the better, I said. Finally, five of the six groups presented plans for restaurant chains. The sixth proposed a catering service. Though I admitted the time limit had been difficult, I expressed my disappointment.My students were middle managers, financial analysts and financiers from state-owned enterprises and global companies. They were without talent or opinions, but they had been shaped by an educational system that rarely stressed or rewarded critical thinking or inventiveness. The scene I just described came in different forms during my two years teaching at the school. Papers were often copied from the Web and the Harvard Business Review. Case study debates were written up and just memorized. Students frequently said that copying is a superior business strategy, better than inventing and creating.InChina, every product you can imagine has been made and sold. But so few well-developed marketing and management minds have been raised that it will be a long time before most people in the world can name a Chinese brand.With this problem in mind, partnerships with institutions like Yale and MIT have been established. And then there's the “thousand talent scheme.” this new government program is intended to improve technological modernization by attracting top foreign-trained scientists to the mainland with big money. But there are worries aboutChina's research environment. It's hardly known for producing independent thinking and openness, and even big salary offers may not be attractive enough to overcome this.At last, forChina, becoming a major world creator is not just about setting up partnership with top western universities. Nor is it about gathering a group of well-educated people and telling them to think creatively. It'sabout establishing a rich learning environment for young minds. It's not that simple.4. Why does the writer feel disappointed at his students?A. Because there is one group presenting a catering service.B. Because the six groups did not cooperate well in the brainstorm.C. Because all the students copied a case for the difficult topic.D. Because the students' ideas were lacking in creativeness.5. Which of the following scenes is NOT considered as lack of creation?A. Papers were often downloaded from the Internet.B. Students often said that copying is a preferable business strategy.C. Students combine knowledge and critical thoughts to solve a problem.D. Case study debates were written up as well as recited.6. We can infer form the passage that ________.A. China can make and sell any product all over the world from its own creation.B. high pay may not solve the problem ofChina's research environment.C. cooperation with institutions has been set up to make a Chinese brand.D. the new government program is aimed at encouraging imagination.7. Which is the best title for the passage?A Look for a new way of learning B. Reward creative thinkingC. How to become a creatorD. Establish a technical environmentCThe first patient who died on my watch was an older man with a faulty heart. We tried to slow it down with treatment, but it suddenly stopped beating completely. Later, whenever I would have a case like that one, I found myself second-guessing my clinical management. However, it turns out that thinking twice may actually cause more harm than good.In a working paper, Emory University researchers found that when doctors delivering a baby have a bad result, they are more likely to switch to a different delivery method with the next patient, often unnecessarily and sometimes with worse results.Because doctors make so many decisions that have serious consequences, thefalloutfrom second-guessing appears especially large for us. A 2006 study found that if a patient had a bleed after being prescribed (开药) warfarin, the physician was about 20% less likely to prescribe later patients the blood thinner that prevents strokes(中风). However, if a patient was not on warfarin and had a stroke physicians were still no more likely to prescribe warfarin to their other patients.These findings highlight interesting behavioral patterns in doctors. In the blood-thinner study, doctors were more affected by the act of doing harm (prescribing a blood thinner that ended up hurting doctors were more affected by the act of doing harm(prescribing a blood thinner that ended up hurting a patient) and less affected by letting harm happen (not prescribing a blood thinner and the patient having a stroke). Yet a stroke is often more permanent and damaging than a bleed.But this phenomenon is not unique to medicine. ''Overreaction to Fearsome Risks'' holds true for broader society.For instance, sensational headlines about shark attacks on humans in Florida in 2001 caused a panic and led the state to prohibit shark-feeding expeditions. Yet shark attacks had actually fallen that year and, according to the study, such a change was probably unnecessary given the extremely small risk of such an attack happening.Humans are likely to be influenced by emotional and often irrational (不理性的) thinking when processing information, bad events and mistakes. As much as we don't want to cause an unfortunate event to happen again, we need to be aware that a worst situation that can be imagined doesn't necessarily mean we did anything wrong. When we overthink, we fail to rely on thinking based on what we know or have experienced. Instead, we may involuntarily overanalyze and come to the wrong conclusion.I have treated dozens of patients who presented with the same illnesses as my first patient, who died more than a year ago. Instead of second-guessing myself, I trusted my clinical instinct (本能) and stayed the course. Every one of those patients survived. You should trust your instinct in your life, too.8. The first two paragraphs suggest that________.A. bad medical outcomes affect doctorsB delivering babies can be difficult workC. some doctors are not very experiencedD. doctors sometimes make silly mistakes9. In the blood-thinner study, doctors________.A. tend to prescribe less effective medicineB. are more concerned about the patients' safetyC. become less confident in writing a prescriptionD. believe a stroke is more treatable than a bleeding10. What does the underlined word ''fallout'' in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. ResultB. BenefitC. DifferenceD. Absence11. The author will probably agree that________.A. we should not doubt our own decisionsB. our experience will pave way for our futureC. humans are emotional and irrational on the wholeD. instincts don't necessarily lead to wrong directionsDAlex Wong, a junior atMarkKeppelHigh SchoolinAlhambra,California, is working hard on his application to a top college. His resume shows off his nearly straight A’s in difficult classes, experience at a summer program atStanfordUniversity, Eagle Scout project and time on the soccer team as well as the school choir. But his steady progress stopped unexpectedly this year. Aiming to open access to college-level Advanced Placement (大学预科) courses, his schoolbegan using a computer-based lottery to give out spaces. Alex got shut out of all three of the courses he requested.The new system caused anger among families whose children failed to get into AP courses, which many consider important to develop advanced skills, improve grade-point averages and allow students to earn college credit, saving them and their families tuition dollars. Students and parents wrote to administrators to complain, circulated a petition (请愿) and launched a Facebook group for trading classes. “I’M DESPERATE! I’LL GIVE YOU FREE FOOD,” one student, Kirk Hum, posted on the 210-member AP Flea Market Facebook group.AP classes have long been held dear by the most talented and ambitious students.But now they are seen as positive for all students who are willing to push themselves – and schools are increasingly viewing access to them as a basic educational right. But this change has brought challenges.Miracle Vitangcol, a junior atDowntownMagnetsHigh Schoolwith average grades and test scores, is failing her AP US history class. She said she can’t handle the rapid pace and volume of material she needs to remember. But she said she intends to stick it out because the class is teaching her to manage her time, take good notes and work hard. “I’m struggling to adjust,” she said. “But I keep telling myself: ‘It’s OK. You can do it. Just push yourself’.”Some critics worry that the open-access movement is pushing too many unprepared students into AP classes, as shown by higher exam failure rates over the last decade. They also fear that open enrollment (录取) policies are encouraging teachers to weaken courses and give out high grades to students who don’t deserve them. “While expanding access is generally a good thing, we need to make sure we’re not watering down the experience for thehigh achievers,” said Michael Petrilli, executive vice president of the Thomas B. Fordham Institute, a Washington-based educational policy organization.12. The purpose of the new AP courses system at Alex Wong’s school is to ______.A. make sure all students get access to the AP courses they desire.B. ensure that students have a fair chance to get access to AP courses.C. improve the academic performance of students in AP courses.D. separate high achievers from average students through the new courses.13. According to the article, the AP Flea Market Facebook group is a place where ______.A. students’ parents send their complaints to school administrators.B. students share tips about saving money for college.C. students offer items to trade for the AP courses they need.D. students can find support and guidance on their AP study.14. Which of the following statements would Michael Petrilli agree with?A. Opening AP courses to all students is a bad idea.B. School administrators should maintain high academic standards for AP courses.C. High schools should stop charging students for taking AP courses.D. Access to AP courses is necessary for students applying for top American colleges.15. The author used Miracle Vitangcol’s example to show that ______.A. students need to remember too much in their AP courses.B.AP courses pose a big challenge to unprepared students.C. the secret to success in AP courses is to keep pushing yourself.D. average students don’t deserve their places in AP courses.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届江西省2017级高三上学期模拟考试英语试卷★祝考试顺利★（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What fruit does the woman use?A. Pears.B. Oranges.C. Bananas.2. What did the woman do today?A. She cleaned the car.B. She bought an umbrella.C. She listened to the weather forecast.3. When does the man usually do exercise?A. In the afternoon.B. In the morning.C. At night.4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Father and daughter.B. Classmates.C. Teacher and student.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Preparing for a test.B. Eating during an exam.C. Getting a medical exam.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

高考英语二模试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AFrom Antigua to Zanzibar f these spots promise an incredible trip for 2019．Antigua，Guatemala"Antigua is worth every penny，but that doesn't mean you'll have to empty your wallet，" says Hudson．There are plenty of budgel -cariscious activities．It won't cost you a coin to visit Santo Domingo del Cerro，an outdoor sculpture park．Wanting something sweet？Head to ChocoMuseo．Admission is free and so are the samples!Odessa，UkraineOdessa is having a bit of a tourism boom nationwide-not that we're surprised，given its sandy beaches and pastel-colored buildings-but it's still fairly under the order for international audiences．You can also count on this port city for affordable fun．Tickets to the OdessaOpera House start at a mere﹩2!Bogota，Colombia"Travelers on budget will find Colombia's vast capital．far more of a bargain and every bit as fascinating，"says Hudson．"It's free to visit Museo de Oro and on Sundays many of the big roads are closed to accommodate food carts，street entertainers，and pedestrians．" ZanzibarZanzibar attracts vacationers with its white sand beaches，greenish-blue ddes，colorful coral reefs，and oceanfront seaside．Of course，wandering in historic Stone Town is pretty appealing too．Either way，you needn't spend a penny in this amazing place．It's also worth noting that Jozani Forest is the only place in the world you can 9ee endangered red colobus monkeys．1.Which of the following requires admission fee？______A. ChocoMuseo．B. Stone Town．C. Museo de Oro．D. Odessa Oper House．2.What is special to Zanzibar？______A. White sand beaches．B. Colorful coral reefs．C. Red colobus monkeys．D. Historic Stone Town．3.What do the four destinations have in common？______A. They are coastal cities．B. They are inexpensive to visit．C. They welcome street entertainers．D. They will make your wallet empty．BIf you feel sick or uncomfortable，you might seek out a doctor．But what to do if you don't quite know where you fit into this world and you're tired of carrying that burden alone？I answered strangers' questions on life puzzles at the entrance to the New York City subway at57 th and 8th．A group of strangers had stopped by because they were carrying around somedeep，meaningful questions that had long gone unanswered，like "why can't I be happier in my life？"And then I spotted her，who would be my toughest questioner of the day．She was about 6 years old and held her mother's hand as she craned（伸长脖子）her neck to stare at as．Her mother stopped，but the girl hesitated．"It's OK，" I offered．"Do you have a question？" The girl smiled at her mother，then let go of her hand to walk over towards us．She looked me dead in the eye and said："How do I know I'm real？"Suddenly I was back in graduate school．Should I talk about the French philosopher Rene Descartes to prove our existence，with the phrase "I think，therefore I am？" Or，menlion English philosopher G．Moore and his famous uhere is one hand，here is the other，" to prove the existence of the external world？But then the answer came to me．I remembered that the most important part of philosophy was feeding our sense of wonder．"Close your eyes，I said．She did．"Well，did you disappear？" She smiled and shook her head，then opened her eyes．"Congratulations，you're real．"She grinned（露齿而笑）broadly and walked over to her mother，who looked back at us and smiled．4.Why did the author show up at the entrance of the subway？______A. To take the subway．B. To look for strangers' help．C. To offer advice on life puzzles．D. To help strangers carry their bags．5.What made the little girl stare at the author？______A. Curiosity．B. Horror．C. Excitement．D. Nervousness．6.How did the girl find the answer？______A. By hearing a story．B. By learning philosophy．C. By referring to others' words．D. By having a real experience．7.Which of the following can best describe the author？______A. Strict and smart．B. Honest and brave．C. Clever and helpful．D. Humorous and sociable．CAlthough the idea of "zero emission，net carbon-positive，sustainable（可持续）" development was promoted worldwide，most cities are at a loss what to do or even some have objected to it．But in Liuzhou，a city in southern China，attitudes could not be more different．The Liuzhou Municipality Urban Planning Bureau has signed up Italian architect Stefano Boeri，the father of the forest city movement，to build a self-contained community for up to 30，000 people．He is the go - to man for such projects thanks to the success of his "vertical forests"，two residential （住宅的）towers．Completed in 2014，they remove up to 17.5 tons of soot（煤烟）from the air each year，and a year later one of them was named Best Tall Building Worldwide．The Liuzhou project is a much more ambitious undertaking，however．Its homes，hospitals，hotels，schools and offices will be built on a 340-acre site in what Boeri calls the first attempt to create an " urban environment that is really trying to find a balance with nature"．Its 100 species of plant life are expected to absorb almost 10，000 tons of carbon dioxide and 57 tonsof pollutants per year，while at the same time producing 900 tons of life-giving oxygen．Although the architects haven't published the cost of the forest city，the Milan towers cost only five percent more than traditional skyscrapers．The construction of his forest city at Liuzhou is set to begin in 2020，and there is still a great deal of planning and research required before a projected completion date can be set．However，Boeri remains optimistic about the project and has confidence in the soundness of his vision：" I really think that bringing forests into the city is a way to deal with global warming．"8.What's Liuzhou's attitude towards the sustainable development？______A. Approving．B. Cautious．C. Unfavorable．D. Doubtful．9.Why is Stefano employed for the Liu Zhou project？______A. He volunteered to do the project．B. He is a famous architect in the world．C. He is the father of the forest recovery．D. He has gained experience in similar projects．10.What does the underlined word "they" refer to？______A. The architects．B. The two towers．C. Forests in the city．D. The residents of the city．11.What's the purpose of Liu Zhou project？______A. To provide more jobs．B. To bring forest into city．C. To solve house shortage．D. To improve the environment．DRobots are now being employed not just for dangerous tasks，such as discovering mines or rescuing people in disasters．They are also finding application as household helps and as nursing assistants．As increasing numbers of machines，equipped with the latest artificial intelligence，take on a growing variety of specialized and everyday tasks，the question of how people see them and behave towards them becomes ever more urgent．A team led by Sari Nijssen of Radboud University and Markus Paulus，Professor of Developmental Psychology at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet （LMU），have carried out a study to determine the degree to which people show concern for robots and behave towards them based on moral principles．According to Sari Nijssen，the study set out to answer the following question：" Under what circumstances would adults be willing to sacrifice robots to save human lives？" The participants were faced with a hypothetical（假设的）moral dilemma：Would they be prepared to put a single person at risk in order to save a group of injured persons？In the situations presented the intended victim was either a human，a humanoid robot that had been humanized （人性化的）to various degrees or a robot that was clearly recognizable as a machine．The study suggested that the more the robot was humanized，the less likely participants were to sacrifice it．Situations that included vivid stories in which the robot was described as a merciful being or as a creature with its own understandings，experiences and thou^its，were more likely to stop the study participants from sacrificing it in the interests of anonymous （无名的）humans．"This result indicates that our study group attached a certain moral status to the robot，" says Pau-lus．"One possible suggestion of this finding is that attempts to humanize robots should not go too far．Such efforts could come into conflict with their intended function-to be of help to us．"12.What has become a concern about robots？______A. How to humanize them．B. How to treat them in life．C. How to use them effectively．D. How to find more applications．13.In the study the participants probably have to decide ______ ．A. when to sacrifice a robotB. where to experience risksC. which robot to work withD. what robots should be like14.What can be inferred from Paulus' words？______A. Humanized robots offer less help to people．B. Humanizing robots too much may be improper．C. Certain moral status should be attached to robots．D. Conflicts often happen between humans and robots．15.Which of the following would be the best title for the text？______A. Robots，A Must for FutureB. Humanized Robots，A New TrendC. Robot Saved，People Take the HitD. Humanized Robots，Replace Human二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）There are several different types of fire departments．Some hire full-time paid firefighters and some are run entirely by volunteers．(1) ，a firefighter must go through strict physical and academic training to ensure a strong knowledge of fire safety and the physical strength to handle the tasks required by members of a fire department．Joining a fire department requires that both physical and written tests are passed with scores showing a thorough knowledge of fire safety．(2) ．The first step in joining a fire department as a paid firefighter is to submit an application as well as acquire the appropriate training．Usually firefighters must have a high school diploma，and some complete two-or-four-year programs in fire science at community colleges and universities．(3) ，and if a candi date already has connections at a fire department，he may apply for a position straight out of high school．Once a candidate applies and is accepted for training at a fire department，he must then complete several weeks of training at the department's training center．(4) ．When this is done，the candidate is sent to a fire company for a period of probation（实习）．He has to continue training in the new position while being directed by experienced firefighters．(5) ．An application must be submitted to the volunteer fire department，then if the application is accepted，the candidate will lake a training program and then be required to pass a physical and written test．Firefighters must also become certified （认证）as Emergency Medical Technicians（EMTs）．The level of EMT certification is determined by the individual departments．A．Although it is demandingB．Whichever type is desiredC．However，an academic program is not requiredD．For volunteer firefighters the procedure is similarE．But joining a volunteer fire department is totally differentF．Training consists of classroom work and practical trainingG．Also，a candidate must be able to respond quickly in emergencies16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）In a clean，clinical room，my best friend was dying in my arms．His eyes，dark brown and trusting would soon (21)forever．Heartbroken，I said，"Flash，you(22)so much happiness to me．I will do something good as a(23)．"Flash came into my(24)when I was nine．From the moment ray parents brought this cute dog home，he (25) my family with joy．Then，(26)happened．My mum was diagnosed with breast cancer when I was 11．Then my grandma，who was my(27)，passed away．My sister developed Crohn's Disease and while being tested，(28)a heart attack．I was being bullied at school and started to(29)classes and avoid seeing people．Flash soon gave roe all the (30) he could offer．There were times when I felt there was no(31)，but a pair of brown eyes and loving face would somehow case me．I knew he was(32)there for me．I knew he understood．Now after 15 years，Flash was (33)．I thought doing charity work was the best reward for him．I(34)in a non-profit organization in Southampton and contributed about 3，500 hours to (35)hildren with special needs，which completely changed my life．I learned to love the(36)I had been on，and even accept the(37)bits．I still miss Flash．It was him that had somehow(38)me to helping others．Flash's death was one of the (39) moments of my life．But it also an inspiring moment that (40)who I was-in the best possible way-forever．21. A. open B. close C. shine D. fade22. A. brought B. told C. saved D. owed23. A. relief B. chance C. bonus D. reward24. A. mind B. room C. world D. power25. A. helped B. filled C. protected D. decorated26. A. disasters B. stories C. wonders D. mistakes27. A. burden B. trouble C. strength D. challenge28. A. caused B. noticed C. fought D. suffered29. A. skip B. give C. take D. enjoy30. A. comment B. comfort C. expectation D. relaxation31. A. hope B. time C. money D. use32. A. frequently B. sometimes C. hardly D. always33. A. aging B. gone C. missing D. deserted34. A. searched B. competed C. volunteered D. performed35. A. attending to B. meeting with C. talking about D. bringing up36. A. earth B. journey C. holiday D. street37. A. fantastic B. absurd C. hard D. pleasant38. A. led B. forced C. trained D. persuaded39. A. fullest B. craziest C. tiniest D. saddest40. A. explained B. transformed C. admitted D. described四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41.Ballet is a formal kind of dance performance with a rich and interesting history．Theword "ballet" comes from the French language，and (1) （be）based on the Italian word "balletto．" "Balletto" means a little dance．Ballet's early roots began in Italy in the late 1400s．But it was in France (2) ballet developed into the form we know today．The French ruler Louis the Fourteenth had a big influence (3) the direction of ballet in its early history．He ruled France for seventy-two years，(4) （start）in 1643．He started dancing as a boy and worked hard daily．Louis the Fourteenth turned ballet into a form of dance that reflected (5) （he）power and influence．Ballet's many rules and (6) （extreme）detailed movements expressed a person's power and social relations．The king made sure that ballet became a (7)（require）for the people of his court．He also started the Royal Academy of Dance，(8) important people could learn this art．The aim of this dance was self-control，orderand perfection．Ballet slowly changed from a dance at the king's court to one (9) （perform）byprofessional dancers．When Louis the Fourteenth died in 1715，ballet (10) （bring）to odier parts of Europe and was developing in other ways．五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．删除：把多余的用斜线（、）划掉．修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．In my school， we have our own talent show every year， that has been a tradition fo r 15 years． This year， our school was held one as scheduled． A great many students took active part in it． I decided to play the violin with a partner naming Julia，who played the piano along for me． We had practiced many time before the talent sho w started．Everyone watched the show excited． Julia and I did a good job． Others students sa ng and danced happily． The talent show helped us relax but enriched our school life．We all enjoyed them very much．六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）43.假定你是李华，你和几个朋友打算去参观茶园，想邀请美国交流生Henry同往．请你给他写封邮件告知活动安排．内容包括：1．时间和地点；2．学习如何沏茶，品茶；3．介绍中国茶文化的历史和发展．注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．Dear Henry，Yours，Li Hua答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】D 【小题2】C 【小题3】B【解析】（1）---（3）DCB（1）．D．细节理解题．根据文章Odessa，Ukraine中的Tickets to the Odessa Opera House start at amere2!（你也可以指望这个港口城市提供负担得起的乐趣．到敖德萨歌剧院的门]票起价仅为2美元! ）；根据Bogota，Colombia中的It's free to visit Museo de Oro and on Sundays many of the bigroads are closed to accommodate food carts，street entertainers，and pedestrians．（参观奥罗博物馆是免费的），和Zanzibar中的Either way，you needn't spend a penny in this amazing place，（你都不必在这个神奇的地方花一分钱．从而推断出，到这些地方参观都不贵）可知，这四个目的地的共同之处是价格便宜．故选B．本文是一篇广告布告类短文阅读．文章主要介绍了2019年从安提瓜到桑给巴尔值得旅行的景点．文章内容较为简单，文章考查到细节理解题，对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别．如小题2中题干中special与文中的only place表达的相似的意思，这些都考生需要比较它们之间的细微区别．4.【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】A 【小题3】D 【小题4】C【解析】1．C．细节理解题．根据第二段I answered strangers' questions on life puzzles at the entrance to the New York City subway at 57 th and 8th．我在第57和第8天在纽约市地铁入口处回答了陌生人关于生活谜题的问题．可知，作者出现在地铁的入口处，是为了为生活谜题提供建议．故选C．2．A．细节理解题．根据第三段She was about 6 years old and held her mother's hand as she craned（伸长脖子）her neck to stare at as．她大约6岁握着母亲的手，伸长颈子，盯着我．可知，好奇心让这个小女孩盯着作者．故选A．3．B．细节理解题．根据倒数第二段"Close your eyes，I said．She did．"Well，did you disappear？" She smiled and shook her head，then opened her eyes．"Congratulations，you're real．"可知，女孩是通过通过真实体验找到答案的．故选B．4．C．细节理解题．根据文章内容可以看出，一个女孩问了我问题，我让她用真实体验找到了问题的答案，故作者是聪明且有帮助的．故选C．本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了我在第57和第8天在纽约市地铁入口处回答了陌生人关于生活谜题的问题，一个女孩问了我问题，我让她用真实体验找到了问题的答案．做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．8.【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】D 【小题3】B 【小题4】D【解析】1．A．细节理解题．根据第一段But in Liuzhou，a city in southern China，attitudes could not be more different．可知，柳州对可持续发展的态度是支持的．故选A．2．D．细节理解题．根据第二段He is the go - to man for such projects thanks to the success of his "vertical forests"，two residential （住宅的）towers．由于他的"垂直森林"，两座住宅（住宅的）塔楼的成功，他是这类项目的首选．可知，Stefano受雇于柳州的项目，是因为他在类似的项目中获得了经验．故选D．3．B．词义猜测题．根据上下文内容可知，Completed in 2014，they remove up to 17.5 tons of soot（煤烟）from the air each year， and a year later one of them was named Best Tall Building Worldwi de．句意为他们于2014年完工，每年从空中清除多达17.5吨煤烟，一年后其中一个被评为全球最佳高层建筑．故指的是两座塔楼．故选B．4．D．细节理解题．根据最后一段" I really think that bringing forests into the city is a way to deal with global warming．""我真的认为将森林带入城市是应对全球变暖的一种方式．"可知，柳州项目的目的是改善环境．故选D．本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了柳州市城市规划局已经签署了意大利建筑师斯特凡诺•波里（Stefano Boeri），他是森林城市运动之父，为多达3万人建立了一个自给自足的社区．做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．12.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】A 【小题3】B 【小题4】C【解析】1．B．细节理解题．根据文章第一段As increasing numbers of machines， equipped with the latest artificial intelligence， take o n a growing variety of specialized and everyday tasks， the question of how people see them and behave towards them becomes ever more urgent随着越来越多的机器配备了最新的人工智能，承担着越来越多的专业和日常任务，人们如何看待它们和如何对待它们的问题变得越来越紧迫．可知对机器人的担忧是如何在生活中对待它们；故选B．2．A．细节理解题．根据文章第三段According to Sari Nijssen， the study set out to answer the following question：" Under what circumstances would adults be willing to sacrifice robots to save human lives？" 这项研究开始回答以下问题："在什么情况下，成年人愿意牺牲机器人来拯救人类的生命？"可知参与者可能必须决定什么时候牺牲机器人；故选A．3．B．细节理解题．根据文章最后一段This result indicates that our study group attached a certain moral status to the robot，" says Pau-lus． "One possible suggestion of this finding is that attempts to humanize robots should not go too far．这一发现的一个可能的建议是，机器人人性化的尝试不应该走得太远．这些努力可能会与它们的预期功能发生冲突；可知从保尔的话中可以推断出过于人性化的机器人可能是不恰当的；故选B．4．C．细节理解题．根据文章最后一段This result indicates that our study group attached a certain moral status to the robot，" says Pau-lus． "One possible suggestion of this finding is that attempts to humanize robotsshould not go too far．这一发现的一个可能的建议是，机器人人性化的尝试不应该走得太远．这些努力可能会与它们的预期功能发生冲突；可知这篇文章的最佳标题是拯救机器人，否则人将受到打击；故选C本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了随着越来越多的机器配备了最新的人工智能，机器人承担着越来越多的专业和日常任务，人们如何看待它们和如何对待它们的问题变得越来越紧迫．考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．16.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】G 【小题3】C 【小题4】F 【小题5】D【解析】BGCFD1．B．文章衔接题．根据后半句a firefighter must go through strict physical and academic training to ensure a strong knowledge of fire safety and the physical strength to handle the tasks required by members of a fire department．可知消防员必须经过严格的身体和学术训练，以确保他们对消防安全有足够的了解，并有足够的体力来完成消防队员所要求的任务．B项：Whichever type is desired，无论需要哪种类型的消防人员，符合文意．故选B．2．G．理解判断题．根据前文Joining a fire department requires that both physical and written tests are passed with scores showing a thorough knowledge of fire safety．可知加入消防队要求身体和笔试都要通过，成绩要显示出对消防安全的全面了解．G项：Also，a candidate must be able to respond quickly in emergencies．此外，候选人必须能够在紧急情况下迅速作出反应．符合文意，故选G．3．C．理解判断题．根据后半句and if a candi date already has connections at a fire department，he may apply for a position straight out of high school．可知而候选人如已在消防处有关系，则可直接申请中学以外的职位．C项：However，an academic program is not required，但无须有学术课程，符合文意．故选C．4．F．联系上文题．根据前文Once a candidate applies and is accepted for training at a fire department，he must then complete several weeks of training at the department's training center．可知一旦候选人申请并被接受消防部门的培训，他必须在消防部门的培训中心完成几周的培训．F项：Training consists of classroom work and practical training．培训包括课堂作业和实践培训．符合文意，故选F．5．D．逻辑推理题．根据后文An application must be submitted to the volunteer fire department，then if the application is accepted，the candidate will lake a training program and then be required to pass a physical and written test．可知必须向志愿消防部门提交申请，如果申请被接受，候选人将参加一个培训计划，然后被要求通过身体检测和笔试．D项：For volunteer firefighters the procedure is similar．对于志愿消防员来说，程序是相似的．符合文意，故选D．本文是一篇选句填空，文章主要介绍了有几种不同类型的消防部门．有些雇佣全职带薪消防员，有些则完全由志愿者管理．无论需要哪种类型的消防人员，都必须经过严格的身体和学术培训，以确保消防安全知识和处理消防部门成员所需任务的体力．做七选五题目时要注意以下规则：1．放进去通顺，这一点是基础．凡不通顺的必错无疑；2、选项中有单词、词组、句子成分或与所选答案所在段内容重合；3、选项与其上句或下句之间有必然的逻辑关系；4、选项全部内容都属于正确答案所在段．有时备选答案中可能含有甲乙两项内容，这时，只有当甲和乙都归属于本段时，答案才是正确的．21.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】A 【小题3】D 【小题4】C 【小题5】B 【小题6】A 【小题7】C 【小题8】D 【小题9】A 【小题10】B 【小题11】A 【小题12】D 【小题13】B 【小题14】C 【小题15】A 【小题16】B 【小题17】C 【小题18】A 【小题19】D 【小题20】B【解析】1-20 BADCB ACDAB ADBCA BCADB1．B．动词的辨析，open开，close关，shine照耀，fade消退，他的眼睛将永远合上，故答案为B．2．A．动词的辨析，brought带，told告诉，saved拯救，owed亏欠，你给我带来了那么多快乐，故答案为A．3．D．名词的辨析，relief如释重负，chance机会，bonus奖金，reward回报，我将做一些好事作为回报，故答案为D．4．C．上下文的理解，根据语境当我九岁的时候，Flash来到我的世界，使用world，故答案为C．5．B．动词的辨析，helped帮助，filled充满，protected保护，decorated装饰，他使我们家充满了快乐，故答案为B．6．A．名词的辨析，disasters灾难，stories故事，wonders奇迹，mistakes错误，然后灾难发生了，故答案为A．7．C．名词的辨析，burden负担，trouble困扰，strength力量，challenge挑战，此处指奶奶是我的力量，故答案为C．8．D．动词的辨析，caused造成，noticed注意，fought斗争，suffered遭受，我的姐姐遭受心脏病的折磨，故答案为D．9．A．动词的辨析，skip跳过，give给，take拿，enjoy享受，我在学校被虐待，因此逃课，故答案为A．10．B．名词的辨析，comment评价，comfort安慰，expectation期待，relaxation放松，Flash给了我所有的安慰，故答案为B．11．A．上下文的理解，根据语境有一段时期我觉得是没有希望了，使用hope，故答案为A．12．D．副词的辨析，frequently经常，sometimes有时，hardly几乎不，always总是，我知道他总是在那里支持我，故答案为D．13．B．上下文的理解，根据语境现在15年后，Flash去世了，使用gone，故答案为B．14．C．动词的辨析，searched寻找，competed竞争，volunteered志愿，performed执行，我在一个非营利性机构做志愿者，故答案为C．15．A．短语的辨析，attending to照顾，meeting with遇到，talking about讨论，bringing up 成长，我服务了3500个小时照顾那些有特殊需求的孩子，故答案为A．16．B．名词的辨析，earth地球，journey旅程，holiday假期，street街道，我学着爱我所在的旅途，故答案为B．17．C．形容词的辨析，fantastic非凡的，absurd可笑的，hard困难的，pleasant令人愉快的，甚至接受那些艰难的部分，故答案为C．18．A．动词的辨析，led带领，forced强迫，trained训练，persuaded说服，是他带领着我去帮助他人，故答案为A．19．D．形容词的辨析，fullest最满的，craziest最疯狂的，tiniest最小的，saddest最难过的，Flash的去世是我一生最难过的时刻之一，故答案为D．20．B．动词的辨析，explained解释，transformed转换，admitted承认，described描述，但那也是鼓舞我变成今天这个样子的时刻，故答案为B．短文主要讲了作者的狗的去世对他造成的影响，虽然那是非常难过的一段日子，但是也鼓舞作者帮助更多的人．在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配．41.【答案】【小题1】is 【小题2】that 【小题3】on/upon【小题4】starting【小题5】his【小题6】extremely 【小题7】requirement【小题8】where【小题9】performed【小题10】was brought【解析】1．is．考查动词，be based on：基于，以…为基础，故填is．2． that．考查连词，it was…that的强调句，强调in France，故填that．3． on/upon．考查介词，have a big influence on/upon：对…有很大的影响，故填on/upon．4． starting．考查非谓语，he与start是主动关系，使用现在分词做状语，故填starting．5． his．考查代词，反映他的权力和影响，形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故填his．6． extremely．考查副词，副词修饰形容词detailed，故填extremely．7． requirement．考查名词，成为一项要求，冠词后面填写名词，故填requirement．8． where．考查连词，引导非限定性定语从句，先行词是the Royal Academy of Dance，在定语从句中做地点状语，故填where．9． performed．考查动词，perform与one是动宾关系，使用过去分词做后置定语，故填performed．10． was brought．考查被动，主语是ballet，被带到其他地方，结合上下文使用一般过去时，故填was brought．文章讲述了芭蕾舞的起源和发展历史．本题主要考查了用单词或短语的适当形式填空．做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识．本题考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等．因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识．42.【答案】In my school， we have our own talent show every year，that has been a tradition for 15 ye ars．This year， our school was held one as scheduled． A great many students took∧active part in it．I decided to play the violin with a partner naming Julia， who played the piano al ong for me． We hadpracticed many time before the talent show started．Everyone watched the show excited．Julia and I did a good job．Others students sang and dancedhappily． The talent show helped us relax but enriched our school life． We all enjoyed th em very much．详解：1．that改为which，考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以用which引导．2．去掉was，考查语态，句子主语和hold之间是主动语态，去掉was．3．took后面加an，考查固定搭配，take an active part in参加．4．naming改为named，考查过去分词，name和它所修饰的名词之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语．5．for改为with，考查固定搭配，along with sb和某人一起．6．time改为times，考查名词的数，time"次数"，为可数名词，前面有many，所以用复数．7．excited改为excitedly，考查副词，修饰动词，所以用副词．8．Others改为Other，考查词义辨析，后面有名词，用other，other后跟名词就相当于others．9．but改为and，考查连词，前后动词是并列关系，所以用and连接．10．them改为it，考查人称代词，指代talent show，所以用it作宾语．【解析】本文讲述在我的学校里，我们每年都有自己的才艺表演，这是15年来的一个传统．并且着重介绍了今年的才艺表演．1先通读全文．认真阅读短文，在做题之前确保已经弄清原文大意．注意文章中上下文的逻辑关系是否正确，时态、人称、主谓、指代等是否一致．2．聚焦出题热点、综合运用所学语言知识，分句（注意以句子为单位而不是以行为单位）对不同的错误情况进行分析和回答（即改词、加词或减词）．3．再次通读全文，校对自己的改正是否正确．一般各种改错的方式都应该用到，如果出现了某一种改法（如加词、减词等）没有用到，要考虑自己的改错应该有问题，要对刚才不是很有把握的行进行推敲．在自己认为正确的行后划勾，并且校对其他行改正的符号是否准确，大小写是否拼写正确（这点同学们很容易忽视）．如果某一行有两种改错方式要推敲哪一种是最佳改法．43.【答案】Dear Henry，I've learned that you are interested in Chinese tea culture， and some of my friends plan to pa y a visit to the tea garden near our school this Sunday．【高分句型一】 I wonder if you could join us．（提出邀请）I think it will be an enjoyable experience for you to learn some history and development of C hinese tea culture there． And I bet you will be impressed by the traditional craftsmanship of making tea， which includes washing the tea pots， adding tea leaves， and pouring water i nto the cups．【高分句型二】 And then you could taste the tea made by yourself．（介绍活动的内容，时间和地点）I am looking forward to your reply． With best wishes!（表达祝愿）Yours，Li Hua【解析】高分句型1．I've learned that you are interested in Chinese tea culture， and some of my friends plan t o pay a visit to the tea garden near our school this Sunday．句子里，that 引导宾语从句you are interested in Chinese tea culture；固定短语pay a visit to 表示"参观一下"．我知道你对中国茶文化很感兴趣，我的一些朋友计划这个星期天去我们学校附近的茶园参观一下．2．And I bet you will be impressed by the traditional craftsmanship of making tea， which i ncludes washing the tea pots， adding tea leaves， and pouring water into the cups．句子里，you will be impressed by the traditional craftsmanship of making tea是宾语从句； which 引导非限制性定语从句．我敢打赌，你一定会对传统的制茶工艺印象深刻，这种工艺包括洗茶壶、加茶叶和往茶杯里倒水．本文属于提纲作文，动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题．平时除了加强词汇积累，写作联系以外，还可以适当记忆一些类似的。

第1页共12页2020届四校联盟高三年级第二次联考试卷理科综合考试时间:150分钟总分:300分2020.3.29注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题的答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

写在试卷上无效。

3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案填写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。

可能用到的相对原子质量：Ti 48C 12N 14O 16P 31S 32Cl 35.5Cu 64Li 7第I 卷(选择题共126分)一、选择题（本题共13个小题，每小题6分。

共78分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求）1．下列关于人体细胞的结构与功能的相关叙述错误是（）A ．人的胰腺腺细胞代谢旺盛，核仁的体积较大，核孔较多B ．人体细胞的细胞膜外侧分布有糖蛋白，有利于接收信息C ．细胞骨架由磷脂双分子层构成，与物质运输、能量转换、信息传递等生命密切相关D ．神经纤维膜上的K ＋通道，有利于维持神经细胞的静息电位2．下图为自然环境中一昼夜测得某植物的CO 2的吸收速率曲线图，关于该图的相关叙述错误的是（）A ．a 点产生的原因是夜温降低，细胞呼吸减弱，CO 2释放减少B ．开始进行光合作用的点是：b ，结束光合作用的点是：mC ．光合速率与呼吸速率相等的点是：c 、h ，有机物积累量最大的点：mD ．de 段下降的原因是气孔关闭，CO 2吸收减少，fh 段下降的原因是光照减弱3．关于减数分裂，下列说法正确的是（）A ．减数分裂过程中核DNA 数目的减半只发生在减数第一次分裂B ．果蝇体细胞中有4对染色体，经过减数分裂后，配子中的染色体数目为2对C ．有丝分裂产生的子细胞含有该物种的全套遗传信息，而减数分裂产生的子细胞不含D ．在同一生物体内，有丝分裂后期细胞中的染色体数目是减数第二次分裂后期的2倍4．科研人员对运动员运动前与运动刚结束时的血糖浓度、血浆pH 等生理指标进行了检测，发现各项生理指标都处于正常水平。

【关键字】位置江西省南昌市2017届高三英语第二次模拟考试试题（扫描版）英语听力材料、参照答案及评分标准第一部分听力1. B2. A3. C4. C5. A6. B7. A8. A9. B 10. C11. C 12. B 13. B 14. B 15. C 16. A 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. A第二部分阅读理解21. C 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. A31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. C 36. D 37. G 38. B 39. F 40. E第三部分第一节完形填空41. B 42. A 43. D 44. D 45. C 46. C 47. A 48. D 49. B 50. C51. B 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. A 56. D 57. B 58. C 59. B 60. C第二节语法填空61. astonishing 62. enemies 63. it 64. biggest 65. to know66. was considered 67. to 68. that 69. their 70. requirement第四部分第一节When I was young, I want to be a great hero. But with time goes by, things have changed. Now I’vewanted as 或goingdecided to become a doctor which can help save people’s lives. This job is helpfully and worth doing.who/that helpfulAnd how to make it come true?ButI know it is really∧big challenge. I will work hard and go all out for it. From now on Iawill spend on more time learning my lessons, so that I can go to your ideal university. On the samemy/the At1文档来源为:从网络收集整理.word版本可编辑.time I am going to read many books on medicines. I believe I will achieve my dream.medicine第二节One Possible Version：Dear David，I’m glad that you’re interested in the silk culture of China and the Belt and Road Initiative. I’ll be more than happy to tel l you something about them.As a matter of fact, silk has a long history in China, which dates back to the Neolithic Age. It is known to all that it is made of silkworm cocoon. So it is not only elegant but also environmental. Therefore, silk attracts people all over the world. From Han Dynasty, China opened up The Silk Road, which greatly promoted the communication between China and the other countries in the world.At present, our government has put forward “The Belt and Road” Initiative, which encourages cooperation between China and oth er countries. There is no doubt that it will have a great effect on all the relevant countries and contribute to the economic and cultural development of the world.I’m looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely,Li Hua听力原文：第一节听下面5段对话。

2020届江西省南昌四校联盟2017级高三第二次联考英语试卷★祝考试顺利★(解析版)考试时间：120分钟考试总分：150分第一部分听力（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话,每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后,你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. When will the woman get the goods?A. In September.B. In October.C. In November.2. What is Henry like?A. Hard-working.B. Friendly.C. Generous.3. Whose favorite is football?A. Jane’s.B. Helen’s.C. Mary’s.4. What did the man think of the flight?A. Long and boring.B. Long but interesting.C. Short and comfortable.5. What will Susan do on Sunday afternoon?A. Go to a park.B. Go to a game.C. Have a barbecue.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。

6. What is the boy dissatisfied with?A. The service.B. The price.C. The environment.7. What will the school board do?A. Add more dishes.B. Reduce the price.C. Open more windows. 听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。

2020年南昌十七中高三英语第二次联考试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项APersonal Time Off(PTO)is something my wife and I created after having kids. We learned that，over time，a full life can leave little time for personal rest and for reflection，hanging out with friends，or just being“off. ”So，after a number of years，we make a change. If I can persuade you to take your own PTO，then these might help.■Schedule itFirst of all，one of our favorite family sayings is“schedule it. ”Sounds easy enough，but life gets complicated managing full-time work and full-time family. Put yourPTO time on the calendar and you make it a real thing.■Be flexible and strictIf you can schedule PTO at the same time each week，then all the better. Because our calendar can get rather full，flexibility in scheduling becomes a necessity. But being strict in actually taking the time each week is more important. Skipping it once makes it easier to skip again.■Take enough timeMy typical PTO lasts a couple of hours or longer. Sometimes it might be half the day depending on what I’m doing. The goal is to spend enough time away to1et your shoulders drop.■Do what you want to doRemember，PTO time is about personal time to do what you want to do，not what you have to do. PTO time is about relaxation. Grab a friend and get a beer. Work can wait until tomorrow.1.What can be the first step to take the PTO?A.Persuade the family.B.Have a personal rest.C.Ask friends for advice.D.Make a time plan.2.What does the underlined part“let your shoulders drop”probably mean?A.Get you more focused.B.Have you feel relaxed.C.Shake your shoulders often.D.Make you feel more stressed.3.What does the text mainly talk about?A.Tips on how to take your time offB.Skills to manage work and familyC.Advice on how to free yourselfD.Ways of scheduling your workBIf you go into the forest with friends, stay with them. If you don’t, you may get lost. If you get lost, this is what you should do. Sit down and stay where you are. Don’t try to find your friends—let them findyou. You can help them find you by staying in one place. There is another way to help your friends or other people to find you. You can shout or whistle three times. Stop. Then shout or whistle three times again. Any signal given three times is a call for help.Keep up shouting or whistling. Always three times together. When people hear you, they will know that you are not just making a noise for fun. They will let you know that they have heard your signal. They will give you two shouts or two whistles. When a signal is given twice, it is an answer to a call for help.If you don’t think that you will get help before night comes, try to make a little house with branches(树枝). Make yourself a bed with leaves and grass.When you need some water, you have to leave your little branch house to look for it. Don’t just walk away. Pick off small branches and drop them as you walk in order to go back again easily. When you are lost, the most important thing to do is to stay in one place.4. If you get lost in the forest, you should _________.A. try to find your friends in no timeB. stay in one place and give signalsC. walk around the forestD. shout as loudly as possible5. Which signal is a call for help?A. Crying twice.B. Shouting here and there.C. Whistling everywhere in the forest.D. Shouting or whistling three times together.6. When you hear two shouts or two whistles, you know that _________.A. someone needs your helpB. something terrible will happenC. people will come to help youD. someone is afraid of an animal7. What’s the meaning of the last paragraph?A. Use branches to make a bed.B. Drop branches to look for water.C. Pick off branches to build another house.D. Leave branches to help you find your way back.CAt the age of 50, Nina Schoen expects to have a long lifeahead of her, but has thought a lot about death—and why people are so reluctant to talk about it: “It’s going to happen to all of us,” she says, “but it should be a more positive experience than the fear we put into it.”When she first heard about a new end-of-life process that turns the body into compost (堆肥), “I was really moved by the idea,” says Schoen, who became one of the first to reserve a spot with a Seattle-based company called Recompose, the county’s first funeral home to offer human composting.Last year Recompose began transforming bodies to soil, more formally known as natural organic reduction. Before that, end-of-life options in the U.S. were limited to burial or cremation (火化), both of which come with environmental costs—U.S. cremations alone dump 1.7 billion pounds of carbon dioxide into theatmosphere every year.Katrina Spade pioneering the composting movement has spent a decade developing the process in hopes of offering people a greener option for death care. “I wondered, ‘What if we had a choice that helps the planet rather than harms it?’” Spade tells PEOPLE. “To know that the last gesture you’ll make will be gentle and beneficial and it just feels like the right thing to do.”After she had her own two sons, she began to wonder what she might do with her body after death. A friend who knew her interest in the topic reminded her that farmers sometimes compost the body of cows, and thatsparkedan idea for her theory: “If you can compost a cow, you can probably compost a human,” she thought, and she set about designing a facility to do just that.“This is about giving people another choice,” Spade says. “At first, people react with shock—‘You really can do that?’ But so many people today are looking at their impact on the Earth. This is a popular thing because when you die, you can give back to the planet.”8. How do people react when it comes to death according to paragraph 1?A. They are unwilling to comment.B. They can face it without fear.C. They feel it a positive experience.D. They would like to compost their bodies.9. What can we know about the company Recompose?A. Its CEO is Katrina Spade.B. It is located in Seattle.C. It was founded to resist cremation.D. It has spent 10 years composting bodies.10. What does the underlined word “sparked” probably mean?A. Changed.B. Compromised.C. Quitted.D. Inspired.11. What message does the author seem to convey in the text?A. A little things in our life can bring in big outcomes.B. We human beings should do all we can to help the earth.C. Composting is so popular that we should reserve a spot soon.D. We should reject burial because of its harm to environment.DThe Gata used to look annoyed when they received power bills that routinely topped $200. Last September the couple moved into a 1,500-square-foot home in Premier Gardens, an area of 95 “zero-energy homes” (ZEH) just outside town. Now they're actually eager to see their electricity bills. The grand total over the 10 months they've lived in the three-bedroom house: $75. For the past two months, they haven’t paid a cent.ZEH communities are the leading edge of technologies that might someday create houses that produce as much energy as they consume. Premier Gardens is one of a half-dozen subdivisions (住宅开发项目) in California where every home cuts power consumption by 50%, mostly by using low power appliances and solar panels.Aside from the panels on the roof, Premier Gardens looks like a community of traditional homes. But inside, special windows cut power bills by blocking solar heat in summer and keeping indoor warmth winter.The rest of the energy savings comes from the solar units. They don't just feed the home they serve. If they generate more power than the home is using, the excess flows into the utility's power grid(电网). The residents are billed by “net metering”: they pay for the amount of power that they get from the grid, minus the kilowatts(千瓦) they feed into it. If a home generates more power than it uses, the bill is zero.That sounds like a bad deal for the power company, but it's not. Solar homes produce the most power on the hot sunny afternoons when everyone rushes home to turn up the air conditioner. "It helps us lower usage at peak power times," says solar expert Mike Keesee. “That lets us avoid building costly plants or buying expensive power at peak usage time.”What’s not to like? Mostly the costs. The special features can add $25,000 or more to the purchase price of a house. Tax breaks bring the cost down, especially in California, but in many states ZEHs can be extremely expensive. For the consumer, it's a matter of paying now for the hardware to save later on the power bill.12. Why is the Gata eager to see their electricity bills now?A. They want to cut down their utility' expenses.B. They want to know if they are able to pay.C. They want to see how much they have saved.D. They want to avoid being overcharged.13. What is special about the ZEH communities?A. They are built in harmony with the environment.B. They have created cutting edge technologies.C. They are subdivided into half a dozen sections.D. They aim to be independent in power supply.14. What does the "net metering" practice mean to the power company?A. More pressure at peak timeB. Reduced operational costs.C. Increased electricity output.D. Less profits in the short term.15. The author believes that buying a house in a ZEH community __________.A. is a worthy investment in the long runB. is but a dream for average consumersC. gives the owner great tax benefitsD. contributes toenvironmental protection第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020-2021学年南昌十七中高三英语第二次联考试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe following 4 famous paintings, from Jan van Eyck’s portrait to Pablo Picasso’s masterpiece, have stood the test of time.The Arnolfini PortraitJan van Eyck’s Arnolfini Portrait, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434, is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery,London. This painting is as visually interesting as it is famed. It is also an informative document on fifteenth-century society, through van Eyck’s heavy use of symbolism-while husbands went out to engage in business, wives concerned themselves with domestic duties.The Starry NightVincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night, oil on canvas, a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside village, during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital nearSaint-Remy-de-Provence,Francebetween 1889 and 1890. When theMuseumofModern ArtinNew York Citypurchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of van Gogh's most famous works.The HarvestersThe Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurred within the months of August and September. Nicolaes Jonghelinck, a merchant banker and art collector fromAntwerp, commissioned this painting. The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art inNew York Citysince 1919.GuernicaGuernica,a large black-and-white oil painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937. The title ‘Guernica’ refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War. The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result, has come to be an anti-war symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war. Today, the painting is housed at the Museo National Centro de Arte ReinaSofiainMadrid.1. What do the four paintings have in common?A. They are oil paintings.B. They are kept inNew York.C. They show different people’s lives.D. They are created during 10th century to 19th century.2. What do we know about The Starry Night?A. It shows the scenery of a small hillside village.B. Van Gogh produced it when living in his home.C. A private collector gave it away to the museum.D. It was not famous before 1941.3. Whose painting shows the destruction of war?A. Jan van Eyck.B. Vincent van Gogh.C. Pieter Bruegel.D. Pablo Picasso.BOne day, when I was working as a psychologist（心理学家）in England, an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me.“This boy has lost his family,” he wrote. “He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, and I’m very worried about him. Can you help?”I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesn’t have the answer to, and which no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically（同情）The first two times we met, David didn’t say a word. He sat there, only looking up to look at the children’s drawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon---in complete silence and without looking at me. It’s not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company（陪伴）. But why did he never look at me?“Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with,” I thought. “Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.” Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly.“It’s your tum,” he said.After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times, about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life.Maybe I gave David something. But I also learned that one…without any words---can reach out to another person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens.4. When he first met the author, David .A. felt a little excitedB. looked a little nervousC. walked energeticallyD. showed up with his teacher5. David enjoyed being with the author because he .A. wanted to ask the author for adviceB. liked the children’s drawings in the officeC. beat the author many times in the chess gameD. needed to share sorrow with the author6. What can be inferred about David?A. He liked biking before he lost his family.B. He recovered after months of treatment.C. He went into university soon after starting to talk.D. He got friends in school before he met the author.7. What made David change?A. The author’s silent communication with him.B. His teacher’s help.C. The author’s friendship.D. His exchange of letters with the author.CIn 2015, a man named Nigel Richards memorized 386, 000 words in the entireFrench Scrabble Dictionaryin just nine weeks. However, he does not speak French. Richards’ impressive feat is a useful example to show how artificial intelligence works — real AI. Both of Richard and AI take in massive amounts of data to achieve goals with unlimited memory and superman accuracy in a certain field.The potential applications for AI are extremely exciting. Because AI canoutperformhumans at routine tasks — provided the task is in one field with a lot of data — it is technically capable of replacing hundreds of millions of white and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so.But not every job will be replaced by AI. In fact, four types of jobs are not at risk at all. First, there are creative jobs. AI needs to be given a goal to optimize. It cannot invent, like scientists, novelists and artists can. Second, the complex, strategic jobs — executives, diplomats, economists — go well beyond the AI limitation of single-field and Big Data. Then there are the as-yet-unknown jobs that will be created by AI.Are you worried that these three types of jobs won’t employ as many people as AI will replace? Not to worry, as the fourth type is much larger: jobs where emotions are needed, such as teachers, nannies and doctors. These jobs require compassion, trust and sympathy — which AI does not have. And even if AI tried to fake it, nobody would want a robot telling them they have cancer, or a robot to babysit their children.So there will still be jobs in the age of AI. The key then must be retraining the workforce so people can do them. This must be the responsibility not just of the government, which can provide funds, but also of corporations and those who benefit most.8. What is the main purpose of paragraph 1?A. To introduce the topic.B. To mention Nigel’s feat.C. To stress the importance of good memory.D. To suggest humans go beyond AI in memory.9. Which of the following best explains “outperform” underlined in paragraph 2?A. Be superior toB. Be equal toC. Be similar toD. Be related to10. Which of the following jobs is the most likely to be replaced?A. The writer.B. The shop assistant.C. The babysitter.D. The psychologist.11. What does the text suggest people do about job replacement of AI?A. Limit the application of AI to a certain degree.B. Get more support from the government.C. Apply for the donation from companies.D. Upgrade themselves all the time.DHowdo you turn “dumb” headphones into smart ones? Rutgers engineers have invented a cheap and easy way by transforming headphones into sensors that can be plugged into (插入) smartphones, identify their users monitortheir heart rates and perform other services.Their invention, called HeadFi, is based on a small plug-in headphone adapter that turns a regular headphone into a sensing device (装置). Unlike smart headphones, regular headphones lack sensors. HeadFi would allow users to avoid having to buy a new pairof smart headphones with sensors to enjoy sensing features.“HeadFi could turn hundreds of millions of existing, regular headphones worldwide into intelligent ones with a simple upgrade (升级),” said Xiaoran Fan, a HeadFi primary inventor.A Rutgers-led paper on the invention, which results in "earable intelligence", will be formally published in October at MobiCom 2021, the top international conference on mobile computing and mobile and wireless networking. Headphones are among the most popular wearable devices worldwide and they continue to become; more intelligent as new functions appear, such as touch-based gesture control, the paper notes. Such functions usually rely on aiding sensors, such as accelerometers, gyroscopes and microphones that are availableon many smart headphones.HeadFi turns the two drivers already inside all headphones into a versatile (多功能的) sensor, and it works by connecting headphones to a pairing device, such as a smartphone. It doesn't require adding aiding sensors and avoids changes to headphone hardware or the need to customize headphones, both of which may increase their weight and size. By plugging into HeadFi, a converted headphone can perform sensing tasks and play music at the same time.The engineers conducted experiments with 53 volunteers using 54 pairs of headphones with prices ranging from $2. 99 to $15 ,000. HeadFi can achieve 97. 2 percent to 99. 5 percent accuracy on user identification, 96.8 percent to 99. 2 percent on heart rate monitoring and 97. 7 percent to 99. 3 percent on gesture recognition.12. What does Xiaoran Fan think of HeadFi?A. Secure to operate.B. Simple to use.C. Easy to substitute.D. Convenient to store.13. What can we know about HeadFi according to the text?A. It can't work with headphones alone.B. It actually functions as a versatile sensor.C. It makes headphones larger and heavier than usual.D. It doesn't work when headphones are playing music.14. The figures are listed in the last paragraph mainly to show_________.A. the various functions of HeadFiB. the wide popularity of headphonesC. the great complexity of headphonesD. the excellent performance of HeadFi15. What can be the best title for the text?A. How to Use Headphones AppropriatelyB. Headphones Can Be Upgraded InstantlyC. How to Make Regular Headphones IntelligentD. New Uses Have Been Found in Headphones第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。