托福TPO40独立写作题目文本+满分范文

1.你是怎样自我调节,放松?Well, personally, I would like to make use of my spare time to relax.Sometimes I will go shopping will friends. Since shopping is an effective way to release myself from work pressure.Or, I would like to just sleep. Good sleep can make energetic again and let me forget the depressions and sorrows.Also, sometimes I would just stay at home, watching videos or playing games.2.你喜欢以教室内还是教师外方式接受教学?As for me, I prefer to attend in professors' lecture.First of all, in class professors will teach us systematic knowledge and tell us what the emphases are. Because we have not such deep understanding of a subject as our teachers do, we often cannot grasp the main principles by ourselves.In addition, besides teaching knowledge, teachers also impart us the right methods of study. So we can understand how to study efficiently.Otherwise, we will waste lots of time.3.你最想念家里的什么?I miss my family member.I miss my father:I like to talk with him, he is a good listener. I could talk with him about many things, such as my research, my girlfriend, my future.He could give me lots of advice, such as how to get along with other people with different background, how to choose a part time job, how to plan for my future, and so on. He cares about me very much.4.你最喜欢网上教学还是传统教学?Online coursesFirst, save a lot of time and energy of students on transportation on the way to school so they will have more time to get involved in other subjects such as sports and arts. And this will bring benefit to the all-round development of the students.In addition, provide more useful resources and information online and so the students have access to a large amount of information in all kinds of areas.Also, improve the computer skills of students and they can keep abreast of the new technologies, which is quite important for the future career.5.人生中有许多目标,请描述你的一个目标及解释Personally, I would like to say that, um ...is I decide to further my study in the USA after graduate.It is important because:For one thing, making such a decision really needs courage. Since it means I will go to and live in a strange country for years, far from home, alone.In addition, I believe that the decision will be a critical one. Because I will have chance to experience another kind of culture, a totally different one.And besides, living abroad will make me independent.6.你愿意以大教室还是小教室的形式上课及解释Smaller class1. This would make the best of the resources and facilities in the schools, resulting in the improvement of working and learning efficiency of the students.2. In smaller classes, teachers would pay more attention to each one in the class and teach more effectively and more efficiently.3. Fewer people in class are relatively easy to organize and manage and this would enhance security and keep good order in the class.7.你最崇拜的人是谁?Personally, I would like to say that, um Lance Armstrong. There are a couple of reasons to name.For one thing, he is always history maker. He is the only person who ever win the tour de France bicycle race seven times in a row.Most important is his great determination and mental strength. Once he was diagnosed with cancer, he kept on training for race, and never let disease slow him down. Finally, he won the coming race. His story, especially his will power encourages me greatly.8.大学教育需要面向所有还是部分学生?Only some students.1. This would make the best of the resources and facilities in the schools, resulting in the improvement of working and learning efficiency of the students.2. Fewer people mean smaller classes. Teachers would pay more attention to each one in the class and teach more effectively and more efficiently.3. Fewer people on campus are relatively easy to organize and manage and this would enhance security and good order in the school.9.小说杂志诗歌你喜欢哪种?1. Some of the fictions are funny and make people laugh. And laughing would definitely help me relieve the pressure from work and study.2. The humorous style in the fiction can also improve my sense of humor. This will make others more willing to listen to my stories and bring fun to my life and the lives of others.3. The plots and characters can help me develop my imagination and enhance the ability to think independently and perform creatively.10.与室友同住还是单人住好?As for me, I prefer to live with roommates. There are several reasons.First of all, I will not feel lonely if I live with roommates. In our spare time, we could talk with each other, sharing the happy things and interesting experience.In addition, we could help each other in studying and living.For example, if any of us is ill, the others will send him to hospital and take care of him.Furthermore, it is a good way to get to know more friends; we can take the chance to know each other's friends.Therefore, I think there are much more advantages of living with roommates than live alone.11.说你喜欢Film of comedy, drama,舞台剧的还是什么的的哪个Film of comedy.I guess I like the film of comedy better.First of all, comedy movies are that they can make me laugh, and laughing would definitely help me relax and relieve the pressure from work and study.Also, the comedy films can develop my sense of humor. This will make others more willing to listen to my stories and bring fun to my life and lives of others.In addition, I’d be able to make friends with the people who share the same love for the comedy. We can have a little get-together, we talk, laugh, discuss and we all feel like one big family.12.有些学校开设PE 课程,有些没有,你怎么认为,两者选一啦;PE importance1. The running and jumping around can definitely help us relax….2. PE classes would improve health condition and better prepare us for any physical challenge in the future3. All kinds of sports games in PE lessons require us to play in a group, this would help develop our sense of teamwork and the spirit of cooperation, which is quite important in future career in society.13.Favorite park or public area?Well, I would like to talk about the people's great hall in our city.First, it was built in 1950s. It follows a design of ancient Chinese architecture style. It has 10 floors, and a large dome. It can hold more than 8000 people.In addition, the great hall locates in the central city. In front of the hall, there is also a square and hotel.Nowadays, the great hall is used to hold ceremonies, art exhibitions and performance. I like to go to there with my families.14.Study in a university in big city or small city?Big city1. There are greater job opportunities in big cities. The big companies would be more likely to offer higher salaries and welfare to employees. So we could have a better life in big city.2. Big cities have amazing public facilities and convenient transportation. They have more parks, restaurants, cinemas and playgrounds. All of these make life more colorful.3. There are more people in big cities than small cities. I would be able to make friends with a great many people there. Perhaps, we have a little get-together, we talk, we laugh, we discuss and all these make the vacation much more fun.15.如果有机会你会选择job or career?A sound designer for animation or pc gamesA couple of reasons to nameFirst, I love music. I prefer to have a job relevant to music.In addition, I also like watching animation and playing online games. It is fantastic to combine two of my hobbies together. And it is fortunate to have a job consistent with my hobbies.Besides, I study computer science in university. So I believe I have the professional knowledge for such a kind of job.16.若果有一大笔钱,你会做practical thing or happy thing?As for me, I will use the large amount of money to buy practical things such as a new house or a car. There are several reasons. First of all, a house or a car will improve the quality of my life. I will feel more comfortable andconvenience. In addition, I will be look on as a wealthy person because owning a large house and an expensive car. So I can receive much more respects from the others. Furthermore, I can invite my friends to have party in my house or go out for a trip with my friends by driving my car. The relationship between my friends and I will be closer.17.学生放假应该做些什么?理由Well, personally, I would like to say that, um, students should do something to enrich their experience.For example, they can go traveling with friends. Trip to other places will help them know about different culture, make them independent and might change their views about the world.Also, they can learn something new to develop hobbies, such as another foreign language or playing instrument.18.有的人喜欢早起早睡,有的人喜欢熬夜起不来,你喜欢哪种及理由?Early1. I can do physical exercise, like jogging, swimming, playing tennis. This would improve health condition and better prepare myself for any physical challenge in the future2. I would be able to keep good and healthy hours, have breakfast, lunch and supper on time, protecting me from all kinds of stomach problems.3. it’s also great to read English in the morning, when I have the best memory in a day. Good English can help me make friends with many foreign people and increase my job opportunities when I graduate from school.19.描述一件童年很happy 的event,然后explain why it is memorableWell, I would like to say that, um; the most impressive moment is when I was informed that I passed the national piano test.It was when I was 9 years old. After hearing the good news I was so excited. Well, you know, for this piano test, I had prepared several months. Everyday I practiced from dawn to dusk. When i finally passed the test successfully, for the first time I got to know that no pain, no gain.20.Describe a book that you think is interestingA novel/movie named is very interesting, about an old legend of France.This book/film is also very popular with my classmates.By reading/watching it, I leant quite a lot about the Bible, western religion, Paris museums, and French history.In this story, in order to protect the secret of her family, Emily experienced lots of difficulties and accomplished countless impossible missions.The whole story developed in a very logical and fascinating way. It even made me dream of experiencing the whole story by myself! I really love it!21.家长要约束孩子看的电视节目还是孩子可以看他们想看的任何节目?I think parents should allow their children to watch programs that are not harmful, if their children like, Such as cartoon or teaching programs.Watching these programs could bring them more pleasure and improve their imagination and creativity, also teach them something positive.Also these children could relax themselves from study by watching TV programs.But there are some programs not suitable for children, such as movie full of violent or sex. These programs would have negative effect on children. So they should be forbidden.22.Favorite room 介绍你最喜欢的房间,可以是你自己的卧室或是其他的.Personally, I would like to say that, um, study.First, in study, there are lots of collections. There is CD shelf, with all my music CDs on it. There is a book shelf,with my favorite kinds of books. And a piano, which I used to play, reminds me of the happy days while I was young.In addition, I used to studying in this room for the entire high school periods. This room always reminds of me those days, and I have a good memory here.23.Journey 在旅行时,有些人喜欢直接到达目的地,有些人却喜欢沿途一路上观光.I prefer to go to the destination directly. First of all, I would like to stay at one place for a period of time so that I could take my time to understand the history, culture and the people where I visit. In addition, if I go to too many different places on journey, it would distract my concentrations. Moreover, I will be tired if I spend much time on the way from one place to another. As a result, I could not enjoy the place as I planned, because of the time limitation. 24.当你去restaurant或cafe得时候最care about的features有那些First, I would care about whether the environment and ambience are quiet. A noisy environment will make us distracted and even angry.For example, I once went to a new restaurant/cafe with my friend. Although the food and beverage provided there are wonderful, the environment is so noisy that I cannot hear clearly what my friend said. So we had to leave there for a quiet place.Another feature is whether the price of food is reasonable. If the price is too high, I can not afford it, and then I have to leave.25.城市建设中应该保持old building呢还是应该用new building replace old buildingKeep old buildings.1. Historical buildings are the very representation of the city's great history. Demolishing the buildings is destroying the sense of pride of all the citizens.2. Cause the rapid development of tourism of the city, stimulate the economy and further improve the infrastructure facilities of the city, resulting in the better being of the people in the entire community.3. Education about the materials in the building can also increase the understanding of everyone about the culture, custom, history of the country.26.Get advice from family and friends/learning through personal experience, which one do you prefer?Friends and parents.1. They have certainly more valuable experiences than myself and can provide a lot of useful information, making the learning process more efficiently.2. Parents and friends are the ones who are caring and concerned about my well being. So they are trustworthy3. Save time and effort to know important lessons where there is no turning back. For example. My father did not work and study hard when he was young, he does not want me to repeat his mistake. And I can’t afford to learn that through my own experience either.27.描叙你的好朋友要有什么样的characteristic?One of the characteristics for a friend I would like most is honesty. I think honesty is the foundation of a friendship. If friends cheat mutually and then there would be no trust between them. How can they even make friends?Another respect is the filial piety. In china, people believe that someone is really bad if he doesn't take care about his parents and nobody would love to have a friend like that. Moreover, easy-going and kindness are also good characteristics for a good friend.28.What kind of film do you like most?I like to watch love film, to feel the great power of love, the permanence of love.I once saw a film, named "Titanic", it is very touching, and I am impressed by the love.In the film, the young man fell in love with a young woman during a trip.But, their ship clashed with an iceberg and began to sink.For love, the man sacrificed his own life to save the woman.What a touching story!29.Do you agree or disagree: Students should wear uniform in school?In my opinion, I agree that students should wear uniform in school because it has more advantages. First of all, to wear school uniforms can make students more concentrate on study. Students need not pick cloths to wear every morning. It saves much time for them. In addition, school uniform saves money for student’s parents. Because of love, parents hardly refuse to buy new clothes for their children. If students wear uniform everyday, less new clothes are required. Furthermore, school uniforms strengthen the spirit of students’ organization and the obeying of regulations.30.Challenging experience and how to overcome it.Learn Italian. In the beginning, I found it is really difficult for me because I didn't learn Italian ever before. I couldn’t understand the conversation and my pronunciation also made others hard to understand. People said that practice makes perfect. So I tried my best to work on these problems spending much time studying Italian, practicing over and over again. It is important because I can communicate with people applying the third language, and also I can travel to the European country with no language barrier.31.Subject which will lead to better job or subject which you are interested.InterestFirst, sometimes, good job and money are not the only concern in life. Doing something we are interested in is a kind of happiness even though the payment is not high while doing the work we don't like can only cause pain and boredom no matter how high the salary is.In addition, Getting involved in the area of our interest would be more likely to bring about great achievements and success. This is more meaningful in life.Also, I can make friends with the people who share the same love for that interest. Talk, laugh…..32.Describes the most important giftThe most important gift I have ever received was from my girl friend on my 20 years birthday. It is a purse. Before that, I had no place to keep my changes. It was very embarrassing to look every pocket on my clothing for money. But I never thought about how to solve this problem. My girlfriend noticed this, and she gave me the purse as a gift. I was really moved not only by the lovely purse, but also her chariness. I cherish the purse and take it along with me wherever I go ever since that.33.Does u think life is much better if your grandparents are still alive?I strongly agree that our life is much better than that of my grandparents'. First of all, nowadays we need not worry about whether there is enough food to eat, which is a big problem in those days. Supermarkets and shopping malls meet the need of our daily life. In addition, living condition has greatly improved now compared to that of older generations. Children have their own rooms and some of people even have big yards.34.在这一百年之内有很多发明,说一个你觉得对你生活改变最大的.Best invention in the 20th is the computer.First, computer provides a brand new way of communication. It is fast, cheap and convenient, beyond geographical distances. People can contact with each other at any time, in any place.In addition, it brings about the large amount of information everyday. It allows us to collect useful information inseconds.Besides, computer also offers us lots of entertainment. We can listen to music, watch movies and play games on computers.35.有些人觉得在大学的学习是很重要的,有的人觉得它并不怎么重要,你的观点?College education importanceFirst, the college education enhances the proficiency in a certain area, broaden one's horizons and increase knowledge in all kinds of fieldsIn addition, in the college we can improve interpersonal and communication skills which are essential in future career.Also, we can make friends with those people on campus who share the same love for a particular subject.36.Describe a letter or poem or ...that is important to youI still remember that time I met a serious problem when I was doing research, I was very confused and really disappointed. Then I decided to write a letter to a famous scientist about the problem, to my surprise, I received his reply quickly. In his letter, he raises a method to solve the problem and he also kindly encouraged me to continue my research by praising my work. I was very happy and became confident again. I was very grateful to the professor for his letter.37.喜欢团队合作还是独立完成工作?Group1. Will make us learn from one another's strong points and get help from others to improve our own abilities in the area. (Prevent personal mistakes and bring everyone's talent to full play)2. Will improve our interpersonal and communication skills and perform the jobs more efficiently and more effectively.3.be able to make friends with those who share the same love for a particular subject….38.Describe which one of the natural environment you prefer to live in: forest, mountain, sea or desert.Forest: The forest has the most spectacular scenery. The air in this area is very fresh. I could enjoy the forest breeze when I am hiking. There are lots of palm tree and I like green color, because it makes me feel energetic and confident. I could lie in the shade of the tree in hot summer, enjoying the cool breeze. It is very interesting for there are many kinds of wild animals, like birds, squirrels and even monkeys. What a wonderful world!39.对于业余时间,你觉得应该细心规划还是随波逐流In my opinion, I prefer to plan my free time carefully. There are several reasons. First of all, by making a careful plan, I can do more things, because I am well organized and I do not waste time. In addition, with a plan I can enjoy myself better. If I have planned ahead I am fully prepared the activities that I am going to engage in and I have nothing to worry about. Furthermore, if I have no plan for my leisure time, maybe I will be bothered by many trivial things, and will not really enjoy my leisure time.40.你认不认为认识一个城市最好的办法就是观光他的名胜或古迹In my opinion, visiting museum is the efficient way to understand a city. There are several reasons. First of all, different place has different history. With the background knowledge introduced by the local museum, the tourist can easily to understand the origin and development of a city. In addition, as a tourist, the most interesting aspect of a new place is usually its customs. It also exhibit in the museum. Furthermore, every place has its own representative arts or crafts. Tourists can access to a wonderful show of these arts and crafts in the local museum.托福独立口语范文1: The thing I often take up in my leisure time is surfing the internet. The information on the internet can enable me to understand the world better. And it helps me to become a more successful person. When I was selecting which university and which major to take after I graduated from the high school, the internet gave me a lot of useful information about the future of some of my prospective professions. I even talked with several people in those particular professions and got their opinions about it. And I think it is really helpful.(96 words)托福独立口语范文2: The one that I personally admire the most is a character named Alan Shore in a TV series called Boston Legal. Maybe you have heard about it. This character has changed my definition of what a perfect man is and what characteristics one should hopefully possess. He is decent, a man of his word, one of the very few that I regard as having a strong sense of justice. Yet he is not bound up by the rules and knows when to break them to achieve the ultimate good. And he is interesting and eloquent, all the things that I desire to have. (103托福独立口语范文3: The most important invention in my life is definitely the computer. I spend almost half of my waking hours on it. Definitely the computer，through the computer I can communicate with the world using the internet. And it helps me to become a more successful person. When I was selecting which university and which major to take after I graduated from the high school, the internet gave me a lot of useful information about the future of some of my prospective professions. I even talked with several people in those particular professions and got their opinions about it. And I think it is really helpful. (105)托福独立口语范文4: I think one of the most important effects of the internet is that it can help us understand the world better, and communicate with the world in a way that nothing else can achieve. It helps me to become a more successful person. When I was selecting which university and which major to take after I graduated from the high school, the internet gave me a lot of useful information about the future of some of my prospective professions. I even talked with several people in those particular professions and got their opinions about it. And I think it is really helpful. (102)托福独立口语范文5: The place I would like to visit most is the outer space，the place where most of the physical laws on the earth do not apply. It is interesting to see everything floating in the air. And the term “in the air”should also be modified simply because there is no air anyway. It is interesting to walk the distance in a whole new style. And it is interesting to see the mother planet from a whole new angle. This big blue crystal sphere，from the pictures taken by those astronauts, the sight is marvelous. And I am dying to see this big blue ball in this style. (108)托福独立口语范文6: For me I think it is the history. For I am a Chinese and we have so long of it. There simply is too much to remember. And the years, the names, the places, the events all became tangled up once you learn beyond 3 or 4 dynasties and I don’t even remember we have how many of them. But I still think it important because what is going on in this country still bear traces from the past with or without our notice, although we’d like to say that we live in a new China. And I think learning history is a great way to understand this country that I am born into. (114) 托福独立口语范文7: I’d like to talk to Alan Shore from the TV series Boston Legal. He is the kind of person I admire. He is decent, a man of his word, one of the very few that I regard as having a strong sense of justice. Yet he is not bound up by the rules and knows when to break them to achieve the ultimate good. And he is interesting and eloquent, all the things that I desire to have. I want to talk to him about how to balance when you want to have principles and yet not bound up by them at the same time. (105)托福独立口语范文8: I want to read biography books, because although we’d love to say that the society is changing and developing, human nature never changes much. And the biography books help me understand the nature behind the more visible events. I may encounter the same problems in the future and I’d like to know how others deal with them. And everyone is trying to present a more glamorous version of the self and it creates lots ofillusions. Biography is a kind of way to break down these illusions and offers the truth about humanity. (93)托福独立口语范文9: I eat healthy and exercise. When I am not busy, I’d go online and check out healthy diet. The information on the internet helps me understand the body and nutrition better and it is really helpful for me to choose and prepare healthy food. What’s more, sports are another way for me to stay robust. I swim and run in my spare time and do pushups and sit-ups to keep healthy and strong. Occasionally, I will play basketball with my friends and classmates. Games make you forget about time and you don’t feel exhausted when you play for a long time. It is kind of exciting to do so. (109)托福独立口语范文10: I enjoy listening to jazz. It is nice and easy to listen to. When you pour yourself a cup of tea in a cozy afternoon and sit in front of the table with a book open, jazz is exactly the kind of music you should be looking for. It tastes good along with the sunshine. All the pressures and troubles seem to disappear after a dose of it. Works are better than drugs. I especially love a Chinese jazz musician called Wang Ruolin. Her version of the jazz is particularly relaxing for me and it is her who makes me fall in love with this type of music. (107)。

Latitude and BiodiversityWhen we look at the way in which biodiversity (biological diversity) is distributed over the land surface of the planet, we find that it is far from even. The tropics contain many more species overall than an equivalent area at the higher latitudes. This seems to be true for many different groups of animals and plants.Why is it that higher latitudes have lower diversities than the tropics? Perhaps it is simply a matter of land area. The tropics contain a larger surface area of land than higher latitudes—a fact that is not always evident when we examine commonly used projections of Earth’s curved surface, since this tends to exaggerate the areas of land in the higher latitudes—and some biogeographers regard the differences in diversity as a reflection of this effect. But an analysis of the data by biologist Klaus Rohde does not support this explanation. Although area may contribute to biodiversity, it is certainly not the whole story; otherwise, large landmasses would always be richer in species.Productivity seems to be involved instead, though perhaps its influence is indirect. Where conditions are most suitable for plant growth—that is, where temperatures are relatively high and uniform and where there is an ample supply of water—one usually finds large masses of vegetation. This leads to a complex structure in the layers of plant material In a tropical rain forest, for example, a very large quantity of plant material builds up above the surface of the ground .There is also a large mass of material, developed below ground as root tissues, but this is less apparent. Careful analysis of the above ground material reveals that it is arranged in a series of layers, the precise number of layers varying with age and the nature of the forest. The arrangement of the biological mass ("biomass") of the vegetation into layered forms is termed its “structure” (as opposed to its “composition,” which refers to the species of organisms forming the community) Structure is essentially the architecture of vegetation, and as in the case of tropical forests, it can be extremely complicated. In a mature floodplain tropical forest in the Amazon River basin, the canopy (the uppermost layers of a forest, formed by the crowns of trees) takes ona stratified structure. There are three clear peaks in leaf cover at heights of approximately 3, 6, and30 meters above the ground; and the very highest layer, at 50 meters, corresponds to the very tall trees that stand free of the main canopy and form an open layer of their own. So, such a forest contains essentially four layers of canopy. Forests in temperate lands often have just two canopy layers, so they have much less complex architecture.Structure has a strong influence on the animal life inhabiting a site. It forms the spatial environment within which an animal feeds, moves around shelters, lives, and breeds. It even affects the climate on a very local level (the "microclimate") by influencing light intensity, humidity, and both the range and extremes of temperature. An area of grassland vegetation with very simple structure, for example, has a very different microclimate at the ground level from that experienced in the upper canopy. Wind speeds are lower, temperatures are lower during the day (but warmer at night), and the relative humidity is much greater near the ground. The complexity of the microclimate is closely related to the complexity of structure in vegetation, and generally speaking, the more complex the structure of vegetation, the more species of animal are able to make a living there. The high plant biomass of the tropics leads to a greater spatial complexity in the environment, and this leads to a higher potential for diversity in the living things that can occupy a region. The climates of the higher latitudes are generally less favorable for the accumulation of large quantities of biomass; hence, the structure of vegetation is simpler and theanimal diversity is consequently lower.paragraph 1When we look at the way in which biodiversity (biological diversity) is distributed over the land surface of the planet, we find that it is far from even. The tropics contain many more species overall than an equivalent area at the higher latitudes. This seems to be true for many different groups of animals and plants.1. The word “distributed ” in the passage is closest in meaning toA. representedB. collectedC. spreadD. managed2. The word “overall ” in the passage is closest in meaning toA. considered as a wholeB. to some degreeC. possiblyD. evidentlyparagraph 2Why is it that higher latitudes have lower diversities than the tropics? Perhaps it is simply a matter of land area. The tropics contain a larger surface area of land than higher latitudes —a fact that is not always evident when we examine commonly used projections of Earth ’s curved surface, since this tends to exaggerate the areas of land in the higher latitudes —and some biogeographers regard the differences in diversity as a reflection of this effect. But an analysis of the data by biologist Klaus Rohde does not support this explanation. Although area may contribute to biodiversity, it is certainly not the whole story; otherwise, large landmasses would always be richer in species.3. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.A. Some biogeographers believe that the tropics have larger surface areas than they actually do because of the distortions produced by projections of Earth ’s curved surfaceB. High levels of diversity in the tropics are sometimes attributed to the fact that the tropics have more surface area of land than the higher latitudes do, though distortions in commonly used projections may seem to suggest otherwise.C. Because biogeographers disagree on whether or not the tropics are correctly represented in projections of Earth s surface, it is difficult to determine the relationship their surface area has to their diversityD. Most biogeographers agree that the tropics contain a larger surface area of land than higher latitudes do ，but they disagree on whether or not the tropics ’ level of diversity is a reflection of that larger surface area. ⽂文本⽂文本4. Why does the author mention “Klaus Rohde” in the passage?A. To support the argument that large landmasses are usually richer in species than smaller ones areB. To introduce the argument that there are other factors contributing to species diversity besides land areaC. To cast doubt on whether the tropics actually contain higher species diversity than land at higher latitudes doesD. To emphasize that biogeographers and biologists differ in their approaches to biodiversityparagraph 3Productivity seems to be involved instead, though perhaps its influence is indirect Where conditions are most suitable for plant growth—that is, where temperatures are relatively high and uniform and where there is an ample supply of water—one usually finds large masses of vegetation. This leads to a complex structure in the layers of plant material. In a tropical rain forest, for example, a very large quantity of plant material builds up above the surface of the ground.There is also a large mass of material, developed below ground as root tissues, but this is less apparent Careful analysis of the above ground material reveals that it is arranged in a series of layers, the precise number of layers varying with age and the nature of the forest. The arrangement of the biological mass ("biomass") of the vegetation into layered forms is termed its "structure" (as opposed to its “composition,” which refers to the species of organisms forming the community) Structure is essentially the architecture of vegetation, and as in the case of tropical forests, it can be extremely complicated. In a mature floodplain tropical forest in the Amazon River basin, the canopy (the uppermost layers of a forest, formed by the crowns of trees) takes on a stratified structure. There are three clear peaks in leaf cover at heights of approximately 3, 6, and 30 meters above the ground; and the very highest layer, at 50 meters, corresponds to the very tall trees that stand free of the main canopy and form an open layer of their own. So, such a forest contains essentially four layers of canopy. Forests in temperate lands often have just two canopy layers, so they have much less complex architecture.5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 3 as a condition that benefits plant growth?A. High temperaturesB. Steady temperaturesC. High latitudeD. Plentiful water6. The word “precise” in the passage is closest in meaning toA. exactB. predictedC. approximateD. required7. Paragraph 3 mentions which of the following as creating the structural complexity of a forest?A. The height of the very tallest trees in the forestB. The number of layers of canopyC. The frequency of floods along the plainD. The age of the root tissues below the ground8. According to paragraph 3, which of the following statements best describes the difference between structure and composition?A. “Structure”refers to the arrangement of plant material above the ground surface; “composition” refers to the arrangement of root tissues below the surface of the ground.B. “Structure” refers to the age of the forest; “composition” refers to the forest's nature.C. “Structure” refers to the arrangement of plant species in an area, “composition” refers to which plant species are present in the area.D. “Structure”refers to the shape of the forest canopy; “composition”refers to the number of crowns forming the canopy.9. Why does the author mention “ mature floodplain tropical forest in the Amazon River basin” in the passage?A. To dispute the idea that tropical forests are arranged in layersB. To give an example of the complex architecture vegetation displays in a dense areaC. To suggest that the layers of canopy in some tropical forests can exceed the usual three or fourD. To emphasize that the layers of canopy in a tropical forest give evidence of the number of layers of root tissues below the groundparagraph 4Structure has a strong influence on the animal life inhabiting a site. It forms the spatial environment within which an animal feeds, moves around shelters, lives, and breeds. It even affects the climate on a very local level (the "microclimate") by influencing light intensity, humidity, and both the range and extremes of temperature. An area of grassland vegetation with very simple structure, for example, has a very different microclimate at the ground level from that experienced in the upper canopy. Wind speeds are lower, temperatures are lower during the day (but warmer at night), and the relative humidity is much greater near the ground. The complexity of the microclimate is closely related to the complexity of structure in vegetation, and generally speaking, the more complex the structure of vegetation, the more species of animal are able to make a living there. The high plant biomass of the tropics leads to a greater spatial complexity in the environment, and this leads to a higher potential for diversity in the living things that can occupy a region. The climates of the higher latitudes are generally less favorable for the accumulation of large quantities of biomass; hence, the structure of vegetation is simpler and the animal diversity is consequently lower.10. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 4 as an aspect of microclimate?A. Temperature rangeB. Relative humidityC. Light intensityD. Seasonal variations11. What can be inferred from paragraph 4 about a region with a high level of diversity of animal species?A. It also has a high level of plant species diversity.B. It has relatively few microclimatesC. It develops a less complex structure than does a region with a high plant species diversity.D. It develops a biomass similar to that of higher latitudes12.The word “consequently” in the passage is closest in meaning toA. usuallyB. obviouslyC. howeverD. therefore13. Look a t the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.One example of such tropical abundance is found in Panama, which has 667 species of breeding birds一three times the number found in Alaska.Where would the s entence best fit? Click on square [■] to add the sentence to the passage.When we look at the way in which biodiversity (biological diversity) is distributed over the land surface of the planet, we find that it is far from even. The tropics contain many more species overall than an equivalent area at the higher latitudes. This seems to be true for many different groups of animals and plants. [■]Why is it that higher latitudes have lower diversities than the tropics? [■] Perhaps it is simply a mat ter of land area. [■] The tropics contain a larger surface area of land than higher latitudes—a fact that is not always evident when we examine commonly used projections of Earth’s curved surface, since this tends to exaggerate the areas of land in the higher latitudes—and some biogeographers regard the differences in diversity as a reflection of this effect. [■] But an analysis of the data by biologist Klaus Rohde does not support this explanation. Although area may contribute to biodiversity, it is certainly not the whole story; otherwise, large landmasses would always be richer in species.14. Directions:An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selected THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage.Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage.This question is worth 2 points.Drag your choices to the spaces where they belong. To review the passage, click on View TextA number of factors may help account for the difference in biodiversity between low and high latitudes.Answer ChoicesA. Though land area may be related to a region's biodiversity, it is not a primary determining factorB. A structure of varying heights is found in both tropical and temperate forests.C. The more complex the structure of the vegetation of a region, the more species it is able to support.D. Regions possessing conditions that are favorable for plant growth tend to have abundant and diverse vegetation that supports a large number of species.E. The difference in microclimate between a ground-level canopy and an upper-level canopy is responsible for the number of species that inhabit each canopy.F. The temperature range of a region determines the number of animals that feed, move around, shelter themselves, live, and breed in that region.。

阅读生词：Many scientists believe it would be possible to maintain a permanent human presence on Mars or the Moon. On the other hand, conditions on Venus are so extreme and inhospitable that maintaining a human presence there would be impossible.First, atmospheric pressure at Venus' surface is at least 90 times greater than the pressure at Earth’s surface. This means that a force of 100 kilograms is pressing down on every square centimeter of surface. All spacecraft that have landed on Venus have been crushed by this extreme pressure within an hour of landing. Almost anything humans might land on Venus would be crushed as well.Second, as far as we know, there are no reservoirs of water on Venus’surface, and the planet’s atmosphere, made up mostly of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and sulfuric acid, contains hardly any oxygen or water vapor. Water and oxygen would therefore probably have to be supplied to Venus from Earth. The idea of ensuring a regular supply of water and oxygen from Earth is impractical in the extreme and would probably defeat the purpose of establishing a permanent station on Venus. Third, very little sunlight reaches the planet’s surface. About 60 percent of the sunlight that hits Venus is reflected back into space by the thick clouds that fill the atmosphere, which means that only 40 percent of the sunlight can get through the clouds. Below these clouds is a dense layer of carbon dioxide, which blocks even more light, so very little light reaches the surface. The lack of light would prevent the use of solar power cells, so humans could not get electricity to power their machines and equipment.听力生词：Setting up a permanent station on Venus may not be without challenges, but it is certainly possible.One solution that's been proposed is to establish a station that would be floating in Venus's atmosphere, like a balloon, rather than standing on its surface.The station would float about 50 kilometers above Venus's surface. On a station located high in the atmosphere, the problems the reading mentions can be solved. First, atmospheric pressure. Well, it is a well-known physical fact that high up in the atmosphere, the pressure is much lower than at the surface. So while the pressure at Venus's surface is too high for humans, 50 kilometers up in the atmosphere, the pressure's equal to the normal pressure we’re used to here on Earth.There would be no danger of the station getting crushed.Second, water and oxygen. Well, as you read, Venus's atmosphere contains compounds such as carbon dioxide and sulfuric acid. There are chemical processes that could be used on the station to make water and oxygen out of these compounds. So the water and oxygen necessary for human survival could be produced using chemical materials that can be easily obtained from Venus's atmosphere. It would not be necessary to import them.Third, the light blocking clouds. Well, it is true that there are still clouds 50 kilometers above Venus's surface. However, clouds above that level are not very thick, so there would be a considerable amount of sunlight filtering through. Moreover, at you read, the clouds reflect sunlight.The station can make use of this reflected light too. In other words, its solar-powered cells could collect both the direct sunlight filtering from above and the sunlight reflected by the clouds below. More than enough electricity could be generated this way to power the station.In the reading passage, the author indicates it would be impossible to maintain a permanent human presence on Mars or the Moon.The professor in the listening disagrees with this point and proposes some arguments.In the reading passage, the author points out that the extreme pressure on venus will be crushed all the spacecraft and human. The professor challenges in the listening that they can set up a permanent station would be floating in Venus's atmosphere rather than on its surface. So the extreme pressure on venus surface can not damage this station.Although the author believes that venus surface have no vapor and oxygen. Also,the idea of ensuring a regular supply of water and oxygen from Earth is impractical. In the listening the professor thinks oxygen and water can be produced using chemical materials that can be easily obtained from Venus's atmosphere. Because the venus atmosphere contains compounds such as carbon dioxide and sulfuric acid, they all can be used on the station to make water and oxygen.In the reading passage, the author talks about very little sunlight reaches the planet’s surface, so humans could not get electricity from light to power their machines and equipment. The professor argues that the clouds are not very thick. Also, they can use the light which reflect by those clouds and then they will have enough electricity could be generated this way to power the station.。

TPO40-48全部分托福独立写作文本题目汇总对于托福考试，相信大家对于TPO托福模考软件都不陌生，现在市面上可以下载到免费的TPO模考软件。

虽然TPO模考软件里的题目是不会出现在考试中，但是考生可能通过它了解托福考试的题型以、考试模式及题目的难易度掌握，所以TPO托福模考软件对考生十分的重要。

最近TPO托福模考软件更新了40-48套题，这也是ETS为了考生适应未来考试而放出的题目，所以练习这几套题十分重要。

这里小编为大家整理了TPO40-48全部托福独立写作文本题目，希望对大家托福写作备考有帮助，快来看看吧。

TPO40独立写作题目文本Independent WritingDirectionsRead the question below. You have 30 minutes to plan, write, and revise your essay. Typically, an effective response will contain a minimum of 300 words.Question:Essay TopicSome parents offer their school-age children money for each high grade (mark) they get in school. Do you think this is a good idea?Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.TPO41独立写作题目文本Independent WritingDirectionsRead the question below. You have 30 minutes to plan, write, and revise your essay. Typically, an effective response will contain a minimum of 300 words.Question:Essay TopicDo you agree or disagree with the following statement?Teacher were more appreciated and valued by society in the past than they were nowadays.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.TPO42独立写作题目文本Independent WritingDirectionsRead the question below. You have 30 minutes to plan, write, and revise your essay. Typically, an effective response will contain a minimum of 300 words.Question:Essay TopicWorkers are more satisfied when they have many different types of tasks to do during the workday than when they do similar tasks all day long.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.TPO43独立写作题目文本Directions: Read the question below You have 30 minutes to plan, write, and revise your essay. Typically, an effective response will contain a minimum of 300 words.Question:Imagine that you are in a classroom or a meeting. The teacher or the meeting leader says something incorrect In your opinion, which of the following is the best thing to do?-Interrupt and correct the mistake right away-Wait until the class or meeting is over and the people are gone, and then talk to the teacher or meeting leade-Say nothingUse specific reasons and examples to support your answer.TPO44独立写作题目文本Directions: Read the question below. You have 30 minutes to plan, write, and revise your essay. Typically, an effective response will contain a minimum of 300 words.Question:Some people believe that when busy parents do not have a lot of time to spend with their children, the best use of that time is to have fun playing games or sports. Others believe that it is bestto use that time doing things together that are related to schoolwork. Which of the two approaches do you prefer?Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.TPO45独立写作题目文本Directions: Read the question below. You have 30 minutes to plan, write, and revise your essay. Typically, an effective response will contain a minimum of 300 words.Question:Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?In the past, young people depended too much on their parents to make decisions for them; today young people are better able to make decisions about their own lives.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.TPO46独立写作题目文本Directions: Read the question below. You have 30 minutes to plan, write, and revise your essay. Typically, an effective response will contain a minimum of 300 words.Question: Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?The opinions of celebrities, such as famous entertainers and athletes, are more important to younger people than they are to older people.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.TPO47独立写作题目文本Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?It is important to know about events happening around the world, even if it is unlikely that they will affect your daily life.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.TPO48独立写作题目文本Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?Because modern life is very complex, it is essential for young people to have the ability to plan and organize.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.以上就是小编为大家整理的TPO40-48全部托福独立写作题目，大家可以现在就用来复习。

Listen to a conversation between two students.Male: Hey, Sally! How are you doing?Sally: Well, okay. But I’ve got a bit of a problem.Male: Oh yeah? What’s up?Sally: Well, I forgot that tonight is the night my theater class is taking a trip to see a play. We’re taking a bus to see the city.Male: Oh, sounds like fun.Sally: Yeah, well, we have to write a paper about the play for class. Cool thing is my professor got free tickets for us. He and the director of the play are friends so the whole class is going for free.Male: Free theater tickets? Excellent! Theater tickets can be expensive.Sally: Yeah. Problem is though, I have a big history test tomorrow morning and I really need to study. I’ve been putting it off and I kind of forgot that tonight was when the theater class would be going to the play.Male: So you were planning to use tonight to study? Well, could you do your studying, you know, study for the history test when you get back from the play tonight?Sally: Yeah, it’d be late, though. I could study some on the bus and stay up late when we get back from the play.Male: Not exactly ideal study conditions, though.Sally: Exactly. So I was thinking I could go by myself into the city another night to see the play. The paper we have to write on the play isn’t due for a couple of days, so there’d still be time.Male: Then you could get a good night’s sleep before the history test.Sally: Yep. But I’d have to buy the theater ticket myself. It’s only free if I go with the class tonight.。

为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO40口语Task3阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。

托福TPO40口语Task3阅读文本： University to Create a Lounge for Commuter Students Many students at our university do not live in dormitories. These students live in town or in the suburbs and travel to campus every day The university has decided to provide these commuter students with a special lounge in the student center - with couches, chairs, and a television. University officials hope that this lounge - a place to socialize and relax - will give commuter students some of the same advantages that dormitory residents now have. An important additional feature of the lounge will be a bulletin board on the wall for posting and sharing information that may be especially useful to commuter students and their particular needs. 托福TPO40口语Task3听力文本： Now listen to two students discussing the article. Woman：Hey, it's nice that they're gonna do this. Man：It's not a bad idea, but do you think it'll accomplish what they're hoping? Woman：Sure. I mean, the dormitories all have their own lounges, and think about how much time students spend there, and how many people they meet. Man：Yeah. I got to know a lot of people in my dorm during my first semester just watching TV and taking study breaks in the lounge. Woman：Right. Those dorm lounges are really central to student life. And I met people there that really helped me with my schoolwork too. Students who live off campus don't have anything like that. Man：That's true. Woman：Plus, I like the idea of posting stuff. You know, things like notices from students who want to get together with other students to share car rides to campus. Man：Yeah. Rideshare information could be helpful. Woman：Absolutely! If students knew about rideshares, they could save money getting to campus cuz a few of them could travel in one car. 托福TPO40口语Task3题目： The woman expresses her opinion about the university’s plan. Briefly summarize the plan. Then state her opinion about the plan and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion. 托福TPO40口语Task3满分范文： The school has implemented a new policy that create a lounge for the commuter students. And the woman holds a positive view towards the announcement. The first reason she gave is that the lounge is very central to student life, and the people there could actually help her with her school work. Students who live off campus don’t have anything like that. And the second one is based on the fact that the woman likes the idea of posting stuff. Things like notices from students who want to get together with other students to share car rides to campus. And it could save a lot of money for students because a few of them could travel in one car. Therefore, she agrees with that opinion. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO40口语Task3阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。

2019年托福写作：TPO40综合写作阅读题目TPO40综合写作题目文本Many scientists believe it would be possible to maintain a permanent human presence on Mars or the Moon. On the other hand, conditions on Venus are so extreme and inhospitablethat maintaining a human presence there would be impossibleFirst, atmospher ic pressure at Venus’ surface is atleast 90 times greater than the pressure at Earth’s surface This means that a force of 100 kilograms is pressing down on every square centimeter of surface All spacecraft that have landed on Venus have been crushed by this extreme pressure within an hour of landing. Almost anything humans might land on Venus would be crushed as well.Second, as far as we know, there are no reservoirs of water on Venus' surface, and the planet s atmosphere, made up mostly of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and sulfuric acid, contains hardly any oxygen or water vapor Water and oxygen would therefore probably have to be supplied to Venus from Earth. The idea of ensuring a regular supply of water and oxygen from Earth is impractical in the extreme and would probably defeat the purpose of establishing a permanent station on Venus.Third, very little sunlight reaches the planet s surface. About 60 percent of the sunlight that hits Venus is reflected back into space by the thick clouds that fill the atmosphere, which means that only 40 percent of the sunlight can get through the clouds Below these clouds is a dense layer of carbon dioxide, which blocks even more light, so very littlelight reaches the surface. The lack of light would prevent the use of solar power cells, so humans could not get electricity to power their machines and equipment.TPO40综合写作DirectionsYou have 20 minutes to plan and write your response. Your response will be judged on the basis of the quality of your writing and on how well your response presents the points in the lecture and their relationship to the reading passage. Typically, an effective response will be 150 to 225 words.Essay TopicSummarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how the proposal discu。

托福写作tpo40综合写作范文TASK 1 Integrated WritingMany scientists believe it would be possible to maintain a permanent human presence on Mars or the Moon. On the other hand， conditions on Venus are so extreme and inhospitable that maintaining a human presence there would be impossible First，atmospheric pressure at Venus’ surface is at least 90 times greater than the pressure at Earth’s surface This means that a force of 100 kilograms is pressing down on every square centimeter of surface All spacecraft that have landed on Venus have been crushed by this extreme pressure within an hour of landing. Almost anything humans might land on Venus would be crushed as well.Second， as far as we know， there are no reservoirs of water on Venus' surface， and the planet s atmosphere， made up mostly of carbon dioxide， nitrogen， and sulfuric acid， contains hardly any oxygen or water vapor Water and oxygen would therefore probably have to be supplied to Venus from Earth. The idea of ensuring a regular supply of water and oxygen from Earth is impractical in the extreme and would probably defeat the purpose of establishing a permanent station on Venus.Third， very little sunlight reaches the planet s surface. About 60 percent of the sunlight that hits Venus is reflected back into space by the thick clouds that fill the atmosphere，which means that only 40 percent of the sunlight can get through the clouds Below these clouds is a dense layer of carbon dioxide，which blocks even more light， so very little light reaches the surface. The lack of light would prevent the use of solar power cells， so humans could not get electricity to power their machines and equipment.DirectionsYou have 20 minutes to plan and write your response. Your response will be judged on the basis of the quality of your writing and on how well your response presents the points in the lecture and their relationship to the reading passage. Typically， an effective response will be 150 to 225 words.Read the question below. You have 30 minutes to plan， write，and revise your essay. Typically， an effective response will contain a minimum of 300 words.Essay TopicSummarize the points made in the lecture， being sure to explain how the proposal discussed in the lecture would solve the specific challenges described in the reading passage.。

关于托福考试高分作文范文开头段：Nowadays, the prosperity of modern technology is being exhibited in almost all corners of society. No one shall deny the powerful role technology plays. Recently, a controversial issue was put forward, suggesting that technology actually makes life more complicated. However, as far as I am concerned, life has definitely become much more comfortable and convenient due to technology development.主体段1：To begin with, advanced technology has made it easier for people to study. Thanks to the tremendous impacts of the information age, numerous sources of education are provided through network and mass media. The advancement in technological development such as computers and smart phones have brought easier access for the public to acquire knowledge and receive better education. With simple clicks of the mouse, the learning process could begin and run smoothly. Internet has created opportunities for all people to realize portable and customized education. For instance, useful reading materials could be downloaded and installed in portable digital readers. People no longer have to borrow printed book from library or purchase pile of heavy books from bookstores. Reading has become more convenient, and reading experience has improved as well.主体段2：In addition, with technology development, communications between people are more convenient than ever. In addition to the traditional methods like making phone calls and sending letters or postcards by mail, new technology has brought forth many efficient channels that can help strengthen friendships across distance. For instance, among all the helpfulonline communication tools being developed recently is the one called WeChat. It is an app posing a great impact on our lives. Any WeChat user can send text and voice message, images or videos for free. They can also have voice or video conversations or conferences with this app. Faraway friends or family members can be reached handily at any time. They can even see each other through video chatting. In this way, the development in technology allows people to transcend the barriers of time and distance, making our life simpler and easier.主体段3：Admittedly, by taking advantage of the Internet, more high-tech crimes may appear, such as credit card fraud and online robbery. All these venomous behaviors considerably harm people’s interests and social security. However, as the society progresses, the government would attach greater importance on these social problems. More relevant laws and regulations would be enacted and executed by the government to stop cyber and high-tech crimes. Thus, the merits of technology far exceed its defects.结尾段：T o conclude, concerning all the details mention above, there is every reason to believe that technology makes our life simpler rather than more complicated.(注：此篇是童老师在学员原文基础上进行的修改版~)微信公众号：纯青教育。

为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO40综合写作阅读原文+听力原文+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。

托福TPO40综合写作阅读原文文本： Many scientists believe it would be possible to maintain a permanent human presence on Mars or the Moon. On the other hand, conditions on Venus are so extreme and inhospitable that maintaining a human presence there would be impossible. First, atmospheric pressure at Venus' surface is at least 90 times greater than the pressure at Earth’s surface. This means that a force of 100 kilograms is pressing down on every square centimeter of surface. All spacecraft that have landed on Venus have been crushed by this extreme pressure within an hour of landing. Almost anything humans might land on Venus would be crushed as well. Second, as far as we know, there are no reservoirs of water on Venus’ surface, and the planet’s atmosphere, made up mostly of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and sulfuric acid, contains hardly any oxygen or water vapor. Water and oxygen would therefore probably have to be supplied to Venus from Earth. The idea of ensuring a regular supply of water and oxygen from Earth is impractical in the extreme and would probably defeat the purpose of establishing a permanent station on Venus. Third, very little sunlight reaches the planet’s surface. About 60 percent of the sunlight that hits Venus is reflected back into space by the thick clouds that fill the atmosphere, which means that only 40 percent of the sunlight can get through the clouds. Below these clouds is a dense layer of carbon dioxide, which blocks even more light, so very little light reaches the surface. The lack of light would prevent the use of solar power cells, so humans could not get electricity to power their machines and equipment. 托福TPO40综合写作听力原文文本： Professor:Setting up a permanent station on Venus may not be without challenges, but it is certainly possible. One solution that's been proposed is to establish a station that would be floating in Venus's atmosphere, like a balloon, rather than standing on its surface. The station would float about 50 kilometers above Venus's surface. On a station located high in the atmosphere, the problems the reading mentions can be solved. First, atmospheric pressure. Well, it is a well-known physical fact that high up in the atmosphere, the pressure is much lower than at the surface. So while the pressure at Venus's surface is too high for humans, 50 kilometers up in the atmosphere, the pressure's equal to the normal pressure we're used to here on Earth. There would be no danger of the station getting crushed. Second, water and oxygen. Well, as you read, Venus's atmosphere contains compounds such as carbon dioxide and sulfuric acid. There are chemical processes that could be used on the station to make water and oxygen out of these compounds. So thewater and oxygen necessary for human survival could be produced using chemical materials that can be easily obtained from Venus's atmosphere. It would not be necessary to import them. Third, the light blocking clouds. Well, it is true that there are still clouds 50 kilometers above Venus's surface. However, clouds above that level are not very thick, so there would be a considerable amount of sunlight filtering through. Moreover, at you read, the clouds reflect sunlight. The station can make use of this reflected light too. In other words, its solar-powered cells could collect both the direct sunlight filtering from above and the sunlight reflected by the clouds below. More than enough electricity could be generated this way to power the station. 托福TPO40综合写作满分范文1： The reading mainly talks about there is no way we could maintain a human life on Venus due to the extreme and inhospitable environment. However, the listening challenges what are stated in the passage by providing three strong reasons. Firstly, in the reading, it is said that the atmospheric pressure of Venus’ surface is too greater than Earth’s so that human can’t land on it. In contrast, the listening holds a view that high up in the atmosphere, the pressure is much lower than at the surface. To state it more clearly, 50 kilometers up in the atmosphere, the pressure is equal to the normal pressure on earth. So we won’t get crushed. Secondly, the passage asserts that there is no water, oxygen or any water vapor on Venus. However, the professor maintains an opposite opinion that the basic elements for human survival such as water and oxygen can be produced through chemical process. That is, there are carbon dioxide and sulfuric acid in the Venus’s atmosphere. So we don’t need to worry about that we can’t survive there. Finally, the author of reading passage believes that there’s only a few sunlight could reach the Venus’s surface. On the other hand, the professor disagrees it with the point that clouds above 50 kilometers Venus’s surface are thin, so there would be some sunlight filtering through. What’s more, the cloud could reflect sunlight, so its solar-powered cells could collect both the direct sunlight and the reflected ones. There will be enough electricity generated to power the station. 托福TPO40综合写作满分范文2： The reading passage makes a statement that it is impossible to maintain a permanent human presence on Venus due to its extreme and inhospitable environment. However, the listening challenges what are stated in the passage by providing three strong reasons. Firstly, in the reading, it is said that the atmospheric pressure of Venus’ surface is much greater than Earth’s, as a result of which nothing can land on it by humans. In contrast, the listening holds a view that high up in the atmosphere, the pressure is much lower than at the surface. To state it more clearly, 50 kilometers up in the atmosphere, the pressure is equal to the normal pressure on。

为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO40口语Task1题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。

托福TPO40独立口语Task1题目： Talk about a country or culture that you would like to learn more about. What is the country or culture and why would you like to learn more about it. 托福TPO40独立口语Task1满分范文： The country I want to learn more about is definitely America. And there are a couple of reasons to list. The most important thing is that, you know, the USA is the freest country in the world, so it must be really nice of living there, and since I want to have that kind of experience, so I’d like to learn more about it first. Furthermore, I’ll go to the postgraduate school in the USA, so I suppose it’s good for me to understand what that country looks like or feels like, in that case, I can fit in my school life better. So that’s why I want to learn more about America. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO40口语Task1题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。

tpo40task3口语范文英文回答：The passage discusses the benefits and drawbacks of studying abroad. According to the author, studying abroad can provide students with valuable experiences and opportunities for personal growth. Firstly, living in a foreign country allows students to immerse themselves in a different culture and gain a deeper understanding of the world. This can broaden their perspectives and help them become more open-minded individuals. Additionally, studying abroad often involves learning a new language, which can enhance communication skills and increase job prospects in the future.However, there are also some challenges and disadvantages associated with studying abroad. One major drawback is the potential feeling of homesickness and isolation. Being away from family and friends can be difficult, especially for those who are not accustomed tobeing independent. Moreover, studying abroad can be quite expensive, including costs for tuition, accommodation, and living expenses. This financial burden may limit the opportunities for some students who come from lessprivileged backgrounds.Overall, studying abroad can be a life-changing experience, but it is important for students to carefully consider both the benefits and drawbacks before making a decision.中文回答：这篇文章讨论了出国留学的好处和不足之处。

为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO40口语Task2题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。

托福TPO40独立口语Task2题目： Some people think that materials printed on paper, such as books and newspapers, will one day be replaced by electronic versions of those materials. Others believe that printed materials will always be popular. Which point of view do you agree with? Explain why. 托福TPO40独立口语Task2满分范文： Well, in my opinion, I would definitely agree with the point that printed materials will never be replaced by the electronic ones. The first reason and also the most important one I wanna say is that, printed materials like books and newspapers actually are a kind of culture throughout the whole world which represents the wisdom of our ancestors. What’s more, although electronic devices are convenient nowadays, the screen of it is bad for our eyes, we should never stare it for too long. And it’ll have radiation too. So for the sake of our health, that’s why I insist that the printed materials will always be popular. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO40口语Task2题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。

为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO40口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。

托福TPO40口语Task4阅读文本： Agonistic Behavior Within certain animal species, conflicts sometimes arise over resources such as territory or food. To resolve these conflicts, two animals of the same species may engage in agonistic behavior. With this type of aggressive behavior, the animals participate in a physical competition that demonstrates which animal is more powerful. While each animal attempts to prove its strength in the competition, it typically does so without harming the other animal. Once the winner is established, that animal gains access to the desired resources, while the weaker animal surrenders and leaves the area. 托福TPO40口语Task4听力文本： Now listen to part of a lecture in a biology class. I know some scientists who were observing snakes in the wild. And they witnessed an encounter of this sort between two rattlesnakes. Uh...as you may know, rattlesnakes eat various kinds of small animals. Small animals that live underground, in burrows, in little holes in the ground. And what these scientists saw was these two rattlesnakes had found the same hole and both wanted to eat whatever food was in that hole. So what happened was: The two rattlesnakes faced each other and then they lifted their bodies into an upright position and made themselves as tall as possible. And then they started pushing each other, kind of wrestling with one another, each snake trying to gain control of the other snake. And what's interesting is that during all these pushing and shoving and maneuvering, neither snake ever tried to bite the other snake. Neither snake ever tried to injure the other snake. So...after this went on for a while, one of the snakes finally gained control of the other snake, pushed it to the ground and held it there. At this point, the snake that was on top could have easily bitten the other snake. But it didn't. Instead, it just released the other snake, just let it go. The snake that had lost just slithered away, and the snake that had won went down into the hole to look for food. 托福TPO40口语Task4题目： Explain how the example in the lecture illustrates agonistic behavior. 托福TPO40口语Task4满分范文： In the lecture, the professor mainly talked about the theory about agonistic behavior. To reinforce the theory, the professor gave an example about two rattlesnakes in his speech. In the example, scientists saw two rattlesnakes had found the same hole and both of them wanted to eat the food there. And what happened was the two rattlesnakes faced each other and made themselves as tall as possible. And then they began pushing each other and trying to control one another. But in this process, neither of those two rattlesnakes was trying to hurt each other. And the snake which could have easily bitten the other one, it didn’t, and let it go. Finally, the winner got the food. So this example justify the agonistic behavior which is the certain animals species just simply want to show off the power of themselves in the regard of territory or food and prove their strength in the competition. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO40口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。

tpo40task6口语范文TPO40 Task 6.In this task, the professor talks about two ways that animals avoid being eaten by predators.The first way is called “protective resemblance.” This means that an animal looks like something else in its environment to hide from predators. For example, there is a kind of insect that looks exactly like a twig. It has the same color, shape, and even little details like bumps and ridges just like a real twig. When a bird, which is a predator, is looking for food, it just doesn't notice this insect because it thinks it's just another twig. It's like the insect is wearing a perfect disguise. I mean,it's so cool how nature gives these little bugs such a great way to stay safe.The second way is “warning coloration.” Some animals have really bright and eye catching colors or patterns that actually tell predators to stay away. Take the poison dart frog, for instance. This little frog is super colorful, like it has bright reds and blues all over it. These colors are a signal to predators that it's dangerous. The predators learn that animals with these bright colors are either poisonous or can cause them some harm if they eat them. So, when a snake sees a poison dart frog, it'll think twice before attacking because it knows that the frog might be a really bad meal that could make it sick or even kill it. It's like the frog is waving a big sign that says “Don't eat me, I'm dangerous!”So, that's how some animals use these two different strategies, either by blending in like the twig like insect or by standing out with warning colors like the poison dart frog, to avoid becoming a predator's dinner.。

tpo独立写作范文,如何达到tpo独立写作范文的标准其二，逻辑清晰，论据具体。

tpo独立写作范文要求展开充分。

要求我们在保持平衡的基础上有所侧重。

论述一个问题，一定要做到在某些方面有所倾向，但是对其他的观点也要稍微着些笔墨。

在论述时，需要具体合适的例子作为论据，来支持论点。

例子不在于多少，而在于是否贴切，不要生搬硬套。

其四，语言。

tpo独立写作范文的语言需要达到准确、流畅、丰富三个基本标准。

准确要求在拼写、语法、用词上没有错误，以及一些搭配要准确，这是基本的。

流畅则是读起来要顺口，行文一气呵成使得逻辑清晰。

语言的丰富体现了考生的语言能力，注意用词的时候尽量避免重复。

一些修辞手法的运用更能体现语言的丰富。

一篇标准的tpo独立写作范文主要做到以上几点就可以了。

相信这样的分析能对广大考生有所帮助。

托福独立写作求范文下面是小马过河为同学们搜集整理的关于托福独立写作满分范文：technology，供同学们参考。

Does technology make children less creative than in the past?First and foremost, technology has provided children with easy access to scientific and liberal art resources which is their best source of inspiration. For example, children could now easily gain access to academic databases through iPad screen, read classical works on Kindle, or watch historic documents on Internet. These great works are essentially helpful to arousing their curiosity and prepares them with key knowledge necessary for any creation. However, these wonderful equipments and facilities are never as handy in the past, when kids could only reach limited resources in public libraries or schools. In this sense, technology has provided the possibility for children to be more creative.学会独立作文独立是夜幕中的一丝微光，虽然很淡，但也能冲破黑暗。