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演讲的艺术

演讲的艺术

The art of effective communication between a speaker (or writer) and anThe ability to respect diversity and toFocused, organized thinking about such things as the logicalideals, the soundness of evidence, and the differences between’s messageThe sum of a person’s knowledge, experience, goals, values, andhormone released into the bloodstream in response to physical orMental imaging in which a speaker vividly pictures himself or herselfStealing ideals or language from two or three sources andFailing to give credit for particular parts of a speech that areTo restate or summarize an author's ideals in one's own wordsstatement in the introduction of a speech that identifies theA method of speech organization in which the main pointsA method of speech organization in which the main points divide theA word or phrase that indicates when the speaker has finished one thoughtpresented from a brief set of notesa speechWhat a speaker wants the audience to rememberthe audience foremost in mind at every step ofThe tendency of people to be concerned above all with their own value,Audience characteristics such as age, gender, education,Questions that require responses at fixed intervals along a scale ofthat allow respondents to answer however theymaterials used to support a speaker's ideas. The threeA story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length toa speech together in a particular way to achieve aThe major points developed in the body of a speech. Most speechesmethod of speech organization in which the main pointsmethod of speech organization in which the main points follow amethod of speech organization in which the first mainof a problem and the second main point presents aA method of speech organization in which the main points divide theA word or phrase that indicates when a speaker has finished one thoughtstatement in the body of the speech that summarizes theA very brief statement that indicates where a speaker is in the speech or thatA question that the audience answers mentally rather than outstatement in the introduction of a speech that identifies the课后练习Chapter 4Topic :Studying abroadGeneral Purpose:To persuadeSpecific Purpose:To persuade the audience to study abroad will enhance your personal development,academic development,and career development.Central Idea:Main points: I. You should study abroad because it will enhance your personal development.II. You should study abroad because it will enhance your academic developmentIII. You should study abroad because it will enhance your career development.Topic : Events in triathlonGeneral purpose: To informSpecific purpose: To inform the audience of the three events in triathlon : swimming, cycling and running.Central Idea:Main points:The first event in triathlon is swimmingThe second event in triathlon is cycling.The third event in triathlon is running.I. The first major cause of airplane crashes is pilot error.II. The second major cause of airplane crashes is weather. Topical OrderIII. The third major cause of airplane crashes is mechanical failure.I. The peak of Mount Kilimanjaro has an arctic climate with snow,ice,,and violent winds.II. The middle of Mount Kilimanjaro has a rain forest climate with lush vegetation and diverse animal species.III. The base of Mount Kilimanjaro has a bushland climate with pastures and farming communities. Spatial OrderI. The Chinese film industry began in the early 20th century.II. The first golden period of Chinese cinema occurred during the 1930s.III. The second golden period occurred in the years after World War II.IV. The Chinese film industry was scaled back during the 1960s and 1970s.V. Today Chinese films are in another golden period of international acclaim.Chronological Order。

《演讲的艺术》About Introduction

《演讲的艺术》About Introduction


2. Startle the Audience
Make sure the startling introduction relates directly to the subject of your speech
Introduction: Sample Introduction: ( A speech about the problem of sexual assault against women ) Take a moment and think of the three women closest to you. Who comes to mind? Your mother ? Your sister ? Your girlfriend? Your wife? Your best friend? Now guess which one will be sexually It’s assaulted during her lifetime. It s not a pleasant thought, but U． according to the U．S. Department of justice, one of every three American women will be sexually assaulted sometime during her life.
Task 1: Find out how many methods we’ve learned today are used in this introduction. Task 2: Give some explanation about how they are employed.
Vocabulary gridlock: (n),交通全面阻塞 cripple: (vt),使…陷入瘫痪状态 strand: (vt),使…困于某地,束手无 策. impenetrable: (adj), 费解的，难 以理解的。 simulation : (n)用计算机进行的 模拟。 stilled : (j)静止的。 earthly : (adj)现世的。 jaw-dropping apathy : (n)冷漠，不关心。
英语演讲的艺术

英语演讲的艺术


A successful beginning could:
I. Get the attention and interest of your audience. II. Create a positive relationship with the audience. III. Establish your credibility. IV. Preview the body of the speech.
Beginning and Ending the Speech
E. Begin with a story Example:
We usually do not have a high opinion of people who drop out of school. Well , I want to mention a man who did just that. He never finished college. In stead, in the 1970’s he tinkered in is garage with a relatively new gadget called the computer. Instead if being concerned with how to build a better computer or even different computer, this young man focused his attention on the software programs that might run on the computer. Today, Bill Gates is the richest man in the world, and the company he founded, Microsoft, makes programs for most of the computers in the world. Not bad for a college dropout.
英语演讲的艺术

英语演讲的艺术


The art of Public speaking
首先从“外研社杯”全国 英语大赛比赛规则讲起
The art of Public speaking
Speaking
The art of Public Speaking
比赛程序
第一阶段 1. 定题演讲：每位选手演讲时间3分钟 题目：What we cannot afford to lose
The art of Public Speaking
评分标准
第一阶段：
prepared 20% 20%
20%
questions 15% 15%
10%
total
100
content language
delivery
The art of Public Speaking
第二阶段：
即兴演讲 回答问题 综合知识 合计
theartofpublicspeakingtheartofpublicspeaking首先从外研社杯全国首先从外研社杯英语大赛比赛规则讲起全国theartofpublicspeakingspeakingtheartofpublicspeaking?比赛程序?第一阶段?1
The art of Public Speaking
The art of Public Speaking
Japanese businessmen have already applied Confucian ethics in the their business management, and the American military academy, West Point, has taken Sunzi’s The Art of War as one of their textbooks. In theses years, the cream of our culture, such as traditional medical science and medicine, acupuncture, Tai Chi, and paper cutting, has won popularity in the world.
演讲的艺术(共9张PPT)

演讲的艺术(共9张PPT)


McGraw-Hill
© 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.
Slide 3
Methods of Delivery
• Reading from a manuscript • Reciting from memory • Speaking impromptu • Speaking extemporaneously
• Pause: a momentary break in a vocal delivery of a
speech
Effectively pause between every though pattern
McGraw-Hill
© 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.
Vocal Variety
• Pronunciation and articulation
McGraw-Hill
© 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.
Slide 9
Speakers’ Body
• Personal appearance • Eye contact • Gesture • Movement
McGraw-Hill
© 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.
your own voice always sound louder to you your own voice always sound louder to you than to a listener.
the speed at which a person speak
英语演讲的艺术two

英语演讲的艺术two


Pitch 音高
• Pitch: the highness or lowness of a speaker’s voice. • Changes in pitch are called inflections. • They give voice luster, warmth, and vitality. • They reveal whether you ask a question or make a statement, whether you are sincere or sarcastic.
Pauses 停顿
• Pause: a momentary break in the vocal delivery of a speech. • Learning how and when to pause is a major challenge for most speakers. • A keen sense of timing is partly a matter of common sense, partly a matter of experience. • Pause at the end of thought units and not in the middle.
• They make you sound happy or sad, angry or pleased, dynamic or listless, tense or relaxed. • Avoid ending all your sentences on the same inflection. Otherwise, it’s monotony. • Vary your pitch patterns to fit the meaning of your words.
《演讲的艺术》PS_ W2

《演讲的艺术》PS_ W2


Most crucial from an ethical standpoint, though, is being fully informed about your subject—doing enough research. Don’t communicate erroneous information or misleading advice!
Do your listeners lean forward in their seats, as if paying close attention?
Do they applaud in approval? Do they laugh at your jokes? Do they have quizzical looks in their faces? Do they shuffle their feet and gaze at the clock?
.
6.The Speech Communication Process :
Interference—external interference and internal interference.
As a speaker, you must try to hold your listener’s attention despite these various kinds of reference.
1. The Importance of Ethics
The goal of public speaking is to gain a desired response from the listeners— but not at any cost.
Speechmaking is a form of power and therefore carries with it heavey ethical responsibilities. In an ideal world, all public speakers would be truthful and devoted to the good of society. Yet history tells us that the power of speech is often abused—sometimes with disastrous results. The power of the spoken word needs to be guided by a strong sense of ethical integrity
英语演讲的艺术week-five

英语演讲的艺术week-five

relationships among the speaker’s ideas.
State Main Points and Subpoints in Full Sentences
• A skimpy preparation outlineபைடு நூலகம்is of little value.
• Stating main points and subpoints in full sentences will ensure that you develop your ideas fully.
Use a Consistent Pattern of Symbolization and Indentation
• See APS page 120. • Visual framework: the pattern of
symbolization and indentation in a speech outline that show the
• State main points and subpoints in full sentences.
• Label transitions, internal summaries, and internal previews.
• Attach a bibliography.
• Give your speech a title.
• See APS pages 122-124. Sample Preparation Outline With Commentary.
The Speaking Outline
• Speaking outline: a brief outline used to jog a speaker’s memory during the presentation of a speech.
《演讲的艺术》chapter1-5课后summary

《演讲的艺术》chapter1-5课后summary

The speech communication process includes seven elements: speaker, message, channel, listener,feedback, interference, and situation. The interaction of these elements determines the outcome of any public speech.
Although you will write a complete manuscript or outline of your speech when preparing it, you should deliver it extemporaneously. This means you have rehearsed fully and can present your talk from a brief set of speaking notes. Concentrate on establishing eye contact with the audience and on speaking in a dynamic, engaged tonof voice
The general purpose of your speech will usually be to inform or to persuade. When your general purpose is to inform, your goal is to communicate information clearly, accurately, and interestingly. When your general purpose is to persuade, your goal is to win listeners over to your point of view
英语演讲的艺术weekone

英语演讲的艺术weekone


Channel
• Means by which a message is communicated
• Use one or more channels, each of which will affect the message received by the audience
• Radio, television, microphone, etc.
• Internal: toothache, any other pain, worry about the CET4/6, brood about an argument with his girlfriend
Situation
• The time and place in which speech communication occurs
Martin Luther King
Margaret Thatcher
Nelson Mandela
Enjoy a Video from Gu Qiubei
顾秋蓓，2003年21世纪杯全国英语演讲比赛冠军
Overview of Public Speaking
• Course introduction • Course objectives • Types of speeches • 7 elements of communication process • Speak confidently and ethically
Course Introduction
• Improve skills of writing and presenting effective public speeches
• Special emphasis on informative and persuasive discourse
【管理资料】英语演讲的艺术week-five汇编

【管理资料】英语演讲的艺术week-five汇编


State the Specific Purpose and Central Idea
• The specific purpose statement and the central idea should be separate units that appear before the text of the outline itself.
• It helps you what you want to say. • A condensed version of your preparation
outline.
• It should contain key words or phrases, essential statistics and quotations.
relationships among the speaker’s ideas.
State Main Points and Subpoints in Full Sentences
• A skimpy preparation outline is of little value.
• Stating main points and subpoints in full sentences will ensure that you develop your ideas fully.
Label Transitions, Internal Summaries, and Internal Preview
• Usually they’re not incorporated into the system of symbolization and indentation.
• They’re labeled separately and are inserted in the outline where they’ll

英语演讲的艺术week two


• They make you sound happy or sad, angry or pleased, dynamic or listless, tense or relaxed. • Avoid ending all your sentences on the same inflection. Otherwise, it’s monotony. • Vary your pitch patterns to fit the meaning of音高
• Pitch: the highness or lowness of a speaker’s voice. • Changes in pitch are called inflections. • They give voice luster, warmth, and vitality. • They reveal whether you ask a question or make a statement, whether you are sincere or sarcastic.
Methods of Delivery
• • • • Reading from a manuscript. Reciting from memory. Speaking impromptu. Speaking extemporaneously.
Reading From a Manuscript
• Manuscript speech: a speech that is written out word for word and read to the audience. • Certain speeches must be delivered word for word, according to a meticulously prepared manuscript, e.g., an engineer’s report, a prime minister. • Skills of delivering a speech from manuscript:

演讲的艺术优秀大学生英语演讲稿

演讲的艺术优秀大学生英语演讲稿The Art of Public Speaking - A Reflection on Outstanding College Students' English SpeechesPublic speaking is an art, and the ability to deliver a powerful speech is an essential skill for success both in academic and professional settings. Today, I would like to reflect on the speeches delivered by outstanding college students, whose exceptional speaking abilities have inspired and captivated audiences across the world.The first quality that strikes me about these speeches is their clarity and conciseness. The speakers have a clear understanding of their audience and the purpose of their speech, and they use simple and precise language to convey their message effectively. They present their arguments with logical coherence, using examples and anecdotes to illustrate their points. Additionally, they pause and emphasize certain words or phrases for impact, using vocal variety and body language to keep the audience engaged.Another quality that distinguishes these speeches istheir authenticity and vulnerability. The speakers are notafraid to share their personal stories or opinions, even if they are controversial or unpopular. They speak from the heart, and their passion and conviction are palpable in their delivery. This authenticity allows them to connect with their audience on a deeper level, inspiring and motivating them to take action or think differently.Furthermore, these speeches demonstrate a deep appreciation for diversity and inclusivity. The speakers acknowledge and celebrate the differences among individuals and communities, and they advocate for greater understanding and acceptance. They use their platform to raise awareness of social issues, to challenge stereotypes and biases, and to promote a more equitable and just society.Lastly, these speeches reflect a strong sense of purpose and commitment. The speakers are not simply delivering a speech for the sake of it - they have a clear goal in mind, and they are passionate about making a difference. Whether they are advocating for environmental sustainability, promoting mental health awareness, or challenging gender norms, they demonstrate a deep sense of responsibility to their community and to the world.In conclusion, the art of public speaking is amultifaceted and complex skill that requires clarity, authenticity, inclusivity, and purpose. The speechesdelivered by outstanding college students embody these qualities, inspiring and empowering audiences across the world. As we navigate the challenges and opportunities of the 21st century, we must continue to cultivate this essential skill, recognizing the power of our words to change the world.。

英语演讲的艺术week four-1


I. The overarching goal of the United Nations is to promote international cooperation. II. The United Nations is divided into five administrative bodies. III. The United Nations is made up of 192 member states.
• Sometimes the main points are evident form your specific purpose statement. • Suppose your specific purpose is “To inform my audience about the goals, structure, and member states of the United Nations”. • Obviously your speech will have three main points.
I. Building of the Great Wall began during the Qin Dynasty of 221-206 B.C. II. New sections of the Great Wall were added during the Han Dynasty of 206 B.C.-220 A.D. III. The Great Wall was completed during the Ming Dynasty of 1368-1644.
• Speeches explaining a process or demonstrating how to do something. For example: Specific Purpose: To inform my audience of the steps in laser-assisted corrective eye surgery. Central Idea: There’re three main steps in laser-assisted corrective eye surgery.

英语演讲的艺术weekthree

12
• People: my family; Mao Zedong; Yang Liwei; Guo Jingjing. • Places: my hometown; my province; Three Gorges; Dujiangyan. • Things: cell phones; MP3; movies; cartoons. • Events: graduation; marriage; Olympic Games; World Cup.
• Subjects you know a lot about. • Subjects you want to know more about.
5
Topics You Know a Lot About
• Most people speak best about subjects with which they are most familiar. • Think a topic, draw on your own knowledge and experience. • Here are a few examples of topics based on your personal knowledge:
10
Personal Inventory 盘点法
• Make a quick inventory of your experiences, interests, hobbies, skills, beliefs, and so forth. • Jot down anything that comes to mind. • From this list may come a general subject area out of which you can fashion a specific topic.

英语演讲的艺术U校园课后答案

英语演讲的艺术U校园课后答案1、My dog is very _______. It is safe to touch it if you want to. [单选题] *A. luckyB. deliciousC. friendly(正确答案)D. helpful2、I’d like to know the _______ of the club. [单选题] *A. schedule(正确答案)B. schoolC. menuD. subject3、How many subjects are you _______ this year? [单选题] *A. takesB. takeC. taking(正确答案)D. took4、（）, it would be much more sensible to do it later instead of finishing it now. [单选题] *A. FinallyB. MildlyC. Actually(正确答案)D. Successfully5、Don't tell me the answer, I'll work out the problem _____. [单选题] *A .by meB. myself(正确答案)C. meD. mine6、______! It’s not the end of the world. Let’s try it again.（）[单选题] *A. Put upB. Set upC. Cheer up(正确答案)D. Pick up7、Which is _______ city, Shanghai, Beijing or Chengdu? [单选题] *A. largeB. largerC. largestD. the largest(正确答案)8、75．As a student in Senior Three, I must work hard．（）, I should take exercise to strengthen my body．[单选题] *A.OtherwiseB.Meanwhile(正确答案)C.ThereforeD.Thus9、The red jacket is _______ than the green one. [单选题] *A. cheapB. cheapestC. cheaper(正确答案)D. more cheap10、The Spring Festival is on the way.Many shops have _______ huge posters with the word sales. [单选题] *A. put up(正确答案)B. put onC. put outD. put off11、They will hold the party if they _____ the project on time. [单选题] *A. will completeB. complete(正确答案)C．completedD. had completed12、31．That's ______ interesting football game. We are all excited. [单选题] * A．aB．an(正确答案)C．theD．/13、98．There is a post office ______ the fruit shop and the hospital. [单选题] * A．atB．withC．between(正确答案)D．among14、There is a popular belief _____schools don’t pay any attention to spelling. [单选题] *A.that(正确答案)B.whichC.whatD.whose15、You cannot see the doctor _____ you have made an appointment with him. [单选题] *A. exceptB.evenC. howeverD.unless(正确答案)16、Mrs. Green has given us some _______ on how to study English well. [单选题] *A. practiceB. newsC. messagesD. suggestions(正确答案)17、--Mom, I will not eat fast food this year. Believe me.--If you make a _______, you must keep it. [单选题] *A. jokeB. noiseC. mistakeD. promise(正确答案)18、My home is about _______ away from the school. [单选题] *A. three hundred metreB. three hundreds metresC. three hundred metres(正确答案)D. three hundreds metre19、Mr. Bliss became the first person to die in a car accident. [单选题] *A. 事故(正确答案)B. 竞赛C. 检阅D. 交易20、She often _______ at 21: [单选题] *A. go to bedB. gets upC. goes to bed(正确答案)D. gets to21、I don’t know how to improve my English. Can I ask you for some _______? [单选题] *A. answersB. advice(正确答案)C. questionsD. words22、—Is this Tony’s history book?—No, it isn’t ______.（）[单选题] *A. himB. his(正确答案)C. heD. himself23、I paid twenty yuan _______ the book. [单选题] *A. offB. backC. for(正确答案)D. with24、I don't know the man _____ you are talking about. [单选题] *A. who'sB. whose(正确答案)C. whomD. which25、Sometimes only（）10 out of 500 or more candidates succeed in passing all the tests. [单选题] *A. as many asB. as few as(正确答案)C. as much asD. as little as26、There are about eight ______ students in my school.（）[单选题] *A. hundred(正确答案)B. hundredsC. hundred ofD. hundreds of27、The paper gives a detailed（）of how to create human embryos (胚胎)by cloning. [单选题] *A. intentionB. description(正确答案)C. affectionD. effort28、Study hard, ______ you won’t pass the exam. [单选题] *A. or(正确答案)B. andC. butD. if29、Bliss, who worked in an information centre, began to work on the book in 1 [单选题] *A. 策划B. 上班C. 写作(正确答案)D. 销售30、2．The villagers want to have a bridge. Can this dream ________? [单选题] * A．come outB．get awayC．come true(正确答案)D．get out。

名人演讲英文2分钟

Find Your Passion: A 2-Minute Speechby Oprah WinfreyDear graduates, I want to share with you today the importance of finding your passion in life. I believe that everyone has a purpose, a unique talent or gift that they can offer the world. And when you identify that passion, and you focus your energy and effort on it, then great things can happen.Now, I know that finding your passion can be a daunting task. It may take some trial and error, some false starts and dead ends. But I urge you to keep searching, keep exploring, keep trying new things. Because once you find that thing that sets your heart on fire, that thing that fills you with enthusiasm and joy, then you never have to work another dayin your life.But passion alone is not enough. You have to be willingto put in the work. You have to be willing to make sacrifices, to push yourself beyond your comfort zone, to face adversity and challenges head on. Because nothing worth having comes easy.So, as you embark on the next chapter of your life, I challenge you to take the time to discover your passion. To be brave, to be bold, to be curious. And once you find that passion, to pursue it with all the determination and grit that you possess. Because I believe that when you tap into your passion, and you use it to serve others, to make a difference in the world, then you are truly living a life of purpose and fulfillment. Thank you.。

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• Don’t worry about the exact wording of your introduction until you have finished the body of the speech. • Don’t apologize in your introduction. • Work out your introduction in detail. • Don’t start talking too soon. • View Stephan E. Lucas for more guidance on creating introductions and conclusions.
Relate the Topic to the Audience
• People pay attention to things that affect them directly. • Take the following introduction for instance: See APS page 104. • View the beginning of “In Your Dreams”. • Try to describe something all your listeners have experienced.
The Introduction
• A poor beginning may so distract or alienate listeners that the speaker can never fully recover. • Getting off on the right foot is vital to a speaker’s self-confidence. • Four objectives of the introduction:
State the Importance of Your Topic
• Presumably, you think your speech is important. Tell your audience why they should think so too. • See APS page 104. • By citing the striking statistics the speaker emphasized the importance of her topic.
• Your listeners will be attentive. • You will be ready to start speaking. • Keeping the attention of your audience once you start talking is more difficult. • The following are the methods used most often.
What is your most valuable possession? Do you know how many township enterprises are started each year in China? • Pose a series of questions, each of which draws the audience deeper and deeper into the speech. • See APS page 106.
• View the beginning of “Hoping to Heal”. • Make sure you can deliver your story with strong eye contact and expressive vocal variety.
Create a PoAudience
• See APS page 109. • Your credibility can be based on research, firsthand knowledge, or some combination of the two.
Preview the Body of the Speech
• Tell your listeners in the introduction what they should listen for in the rest of the speech. • Preview statement: a statement in the introduction of a speech that identifies the main points to be discussed in the body.
Question the Audience
• Asking a rhetorical question is another way to get your listeners thinking about your speech. • Rhetorical question: a question that the audience answers mentally rather than out loud. • Sometimes a single question will do:
Get Attention and
Interest
• After you are introduced and step to the lectern, your audience will normally give you their attention. • If they don’t, wait patiently. • Look directly at the audience without saying a word. • In a few moments all talking and physical commotion will stop.
Begging and Ending the Speech
• The beginning, or introduction, prepares listeners for what is to come. • The conclusion ties up everything and alerts listeners that the speech is going to end.
Arouse the Curiosity of the Audience
• People are curious. • Use a series of statements that progressively whet their curiosity about the subject of your speech. • See APS page 105.
• •
See APS page 109. Preview statements provide a smooth leadin to the body of the
speech. • They signal the body of the speech is about to begin.
Tips for the Introduction
I.
Get the attention and interest of your audience. II. Create a positive relationship with the audience. III. Establish your credibility. IV. Preview the body of the speech.
Signal the End of the Speech
• Too sudden an ending leaves the audience puzzled and unfulfilled. • First: saying-In conclusion; My purpose has been; Let me end by saying. • Second: by your manner of delivery and by use of the voice-its tone, pacing, intonation, and rhythm.
• Keep the introduction relatively brief. • Be on the lookout for possible introductory materials as you do your research. • Be creative in devising your introduction.
Begin with a Quotation
• Start with an attention-getting quotation. • From Shakespeare or Confucius, from a poem, song, or film. • See APS page 106. • Keep your quotations relatively short.
The Conclusion
• “Great is the art of beginning,” said the American poet Longfellow, “but greater the art is of ending.” • Conclusion has 2 major functions: I. To let the audience know you’re ending the speech. II. To reinforce the audience’s understanding of, or commitment to, the central idea.
• The speaker is controversial or advocates an unpopular position. • In cross-cultural communication. • See APS page 108.