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第二章第1节【巩固练习1】C 【巩固练习2】B 【巩固练习3】D【探究训练】1.B 2.C 3.A 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.A 10.D 11.D12.H.O.N.P.S.K.Ca.Mg Mn.Zn.Cu.B13.（2）○1取采样来的“脱脂奶粉”和全脂奶粉各少许，分别分配成溶液，并加入A、B两试管中；向两试管中分别加入2-3滴苏丹Ⅲ染液（或苏丹Ⅳ染液），比较A、B两试管的颜色○2如果A、B两试管橘红色（或红色）对比不明显，证明是用全脂奶粉冒充的，如果A试管颜色比B试管明显淡了，则证明不是全脂奶粉冒充（3）○1将采样来的“脱脂奶粉”少许配成适当浓度的溶液，向其中加1-2滴碘液，观察颜色变化○2如果变蓝色，证明是用淀粉冒充的，不变蓝则证明不是用淀粉冒充的（4）双缩脲试剂蛋白质第2节【巩固练习1】B 【巩固练习2】A 【巩固练习3】C 【巩固练习4】C【探究训练】1、C 2、C 3、A 4、A 5、A 6、A 7、A 8、D 9、C10、（1）-NH2 -COOH -CO-NH- -CH3 -CH2OH （2）两（3）三两三肽脱水缩合-COOH -NH2和-COOH11、（1）氨基酸蛋白质（2）20 R基（3）49 2 2 -NH2 -COOH （4）脱水缩合肽键-CO-NH- 二肽和水NH2｜（5）H-C-CH2-CO-CH3｜COOH12、（1）○15滴蒸馏水○3取质量浓度为0.1g/mL 的NaOH溶液和质量浓度为0.051g/mL的C U SO4溶液等量混合，配制成斐林试剂（2）○1A试管中出现砖红色沉淀，B试管不出现○2A试管中出现砖红色沉淀，B试管也出现砖红色沉淀（3）乙醇的有无 A试管第3节【巩固练习1】D 【巩固练习2】B【探究训练】1、B 2、A 3、D 4、C 5、B 6、C 7、C 8、B 9、D 10、D 11、A12、（1）DNA （2）脱氧核苷酸e是f的基本组成单位1分子磷酸1分子脱氧核糖1分子含氮碱基4 （3）C.H.O.N.P b c d(4)p第4节【巩固练习1】B 【巩固练习2】B 【巩固练习3】B【探究训练】1、B 2、C 3、D 4、B 5、D 6、C 7、（1）B（2）单糖麦芽糖（3）磷脂胆固醇8、C 9、D 10、C 11、（1）葡萄糖糖原淀粉（2）脂肪固醇磷脂（3）氨基酸R-CH-COOH 脱水缩合︱NH212、D 13、（4）错误的实验方法和步骤：第○3应在B试管中加入2mL清水；第○4步和第○5步应作对调，以排除碘液对淀粉分解的影响；结论错误：本实验只能证明唾液对淀粉的分解作用，但不能证明具体分解后的产物是什么第5节【巩固练习1】C 【巩固练习2】C【探究训练】1、C 2、C 3、C 4、C 5、A 6、D 7、C 8、C 9、B 10、C 11、B 12、（1）○1去凤仙花的成熟花粉；○2分别向2个培养皿中加入等量的蔗糖溶液，向一个培养皿中加入适量可溶性硼酸盐，另一个加入等量的蒸馏水作为对照，将花粉撒落在蔗糖溶液的液面上悬浮培养；○3将2个培养皿放入恒温箱中，适宜温度下培养一段时间；○4将培养后的花粉制成装片，用醋酸洋红染色后在显微镜下观察（2）预测结果：加入适量可溶性硼酸盐的培养皿中花粉萌发和花粉管生长有促进作用13、（1）无机盐具有调节酸碱平衡的作用（2）自由水是细胞内良好的溶剂，是细胞内生化反应的介质，并参与某些代谢反应，参与体内营养物质和废物的运输（3）无机盐是细胞内某些复杂化合物的重要组成成分（4）组织器官的形态差异与生物体水分的存在形式有关，心肌中结合水较多，而脑组织中自由水较多（5）血液中的多数自由水转换成结合水。
Unit 2The environmentⅠ.单项填空(7 min.)1. The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so much ______.A. the bestB. bestC. betterD. the better2. The doctor thought that recent pressure at work might ______ his strange action.A. account forB. look forC. stand forD. set for3. It is now possible to imagine a future for Iraq ______ he plays only a limited political role.A. whichB. thatC. for whichD. in which4. ______ go straight on to university why not get some work experience first?A. As forB. Other thanC. Rather thanD. Instead of5. — ______ if it rains tomorrow?— We'll just have to put it off.A. HowB. WhyC. WhenD. What6. Sorry, I'm late. The car ______ down on my way here.A. was breakingB. has brokenC. had brokenD. broke7. You can take ______ half of the cake, they're exactly the same.A. bothB. eitherC. anyD. each8. The headmaster recommended that we ______ to school on time for the afternoon English reading.A. had comeB. would comeC. comeD. came9. I don't like the way ______ he often uses to speak to me.A. in whichB. howC. whichD. what10. — Come on, Kitty.— Oh, good heavens！Both my legs are nearly to give out. I ______ for hours like a dog.A. had walkedB. have walkedC. am walkingD. have been walking11. Whoever wants to go hiking this weekend，raise your hands, ______？A. do youB. don't youC. will youD. will they12. The woman used a stick to ______ her boy from the big dog.A. guardB. protectC. stopD. prevent13. Is the school ______ the foreigners visited yesterday large?A. thatB. whereC. the oneD. what14. — What are you going to do next?—To write a science story about outer space ______ by the Science and Technology Press.A. publishedB. being publishedC. to be publishedD. publishing15. ______ made her stepmother very angry.A. Cinderella's marrying the princeB. Cinderella was married to the princeC. Cinderella married the princeD. Cinderella to be married the princeⅡ.完形填空(18 min.)A(2012·长郡月考五)I took up skydiving in my twenties. At the time the accident happened, I'd done just 30 jumps. The airfield was quiet when I __1__. On board were Chris, who was taking a tourist, and Ants, the cameraman. Chris indicated I should exit first and the other three would __2__. Later I knew it was this __3__ that saved my life.At 12，000 feet Chris rolled up the door and nodded that it was time for my exit.I put my foot on a step just beside the door, and in an instant the propeller blast (螺旋桨气流) threw me against the side of the plane, half in, half out. I pushed and got my other leg out of the door, but in doing so I found myself __4__ the body of the plane towards the tail. My parachute (降落伞) got caught and my __5__ and legs were pushed backwards, powerless, in the strong wind.I was strangely __6__. To a skydiver, being at 12, 000 feet is a good thing. Altitude is your friend; being close to the ground is deadly and will kill you.Ants appeared and moved slowly towards me, his legs held by Chris in the door. Ants reached out and got hold of my foot. With the weight partly off, I found myself falling away from the plane, __7__ freed. I waved and smiled to indicate I was fine.It was actually very __8__. If any one of a number of factors had been different, I would have __9__. I could have hit the plane with my head. If I had been the last to exit, the pilot alone would have been unable to free me, and even if he had been aware that I was __10__ underneath the plane, he would still have had to land at some point.Blue Skies, Black Death is the skydivers' mantra(咒语). On the one hand, there's the freedom and __11__ of the open sky. But in order to __12__ this joy, you must accept that there is usually only one result if something goes wrong.1. A. jumped B. arrivedC. wokeD. drove2. A. follow B. escapeC. leaveD. fly3. A. trouble B. effortC. chanceD. decision4. A. sliding down B. knocking overC. crashing intoD. breaking down5. A. body B. armsC. headD. fingers6. A. frightened B. anxiousC. excitedD. calm7. A. really B. hopefullyC. certainlyD. finally8. A. funny B. ordinaryC. clearD. serious9. A. died B. laughedC. stoppedD. returned10. A. covered B. adjustedC. attachedD. connected11. A. pride B. confidenceC. excitementD. willingness12. A. observe B. experienceC. imagineD. discoverBMany Chinese believe eating pig brains will increase their intelligence and some Americans regularly eat uncooked eggs to keep their minds sharp. 1.______， doctors don't recommend to eat 2.______ raw eggs or animal brains. Then, what food is good3.______ your brain? Scientists have found4.______ relationship5.______ diet anda healthy brain. Generally speaking, fish is a brain food. Besides fish, you should introduce lots of dark green leafy vegetables and colorful fruits into your diet 6.______ most people lack the special vitamins 7.______ these brain food provide. If you eat brain foods regularly, they can increase brain power — help you pay attention, keep you motivated, improve your memory 8.______ lessen stress from studies. Then you can do much better in your test.Ⅲ. 阅读理解(8 min.)When an ant dies, other ants move the dead insect out of the nest. Sometimes, the dead ant gets moved away very soon — within an hour of dying. This behavior is interesting to scientists, who wonder how ants know for sure — and so soon —that another ant is dead.One scientist recently came up with a way to explain this ant behavior. DongHwan Choe is a biologist. Choe found that Argentine ants have a chemical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants, “I'm dead — take me away.〞But there's a twist to Choe's discovery. Choe says that the living ants — not just the dead ones — have this death chemical. In other words, while an ant crawls around, perhaps in a picnic or home, it's telling other ants that it's dead.What keeps ants from dragging away the living ants? Choe found that Argentine ants have two additional chemicals on their bodies, and these tell nearby ants something like, “Wait — I'm not dead yet.〞So Choe's research turned up two sets of chemical signals in ants: one says, “I'm dead.〞 the other set says, “Wait — I' m not dead yet.〞Other scientists have tried to figure out how ants know when another ant is dead. If an ant is knocked unconscious, for example, other ants leave it alone until it wakes up. That means ants know that unmoving ants can still be alive. Many scientists think there must be a chemical on a dead ant's body.Choe suspects that when an Argentine ant dies, the chemical that says “Wait — I'm not dead yet〞 quickly goes away. Once that chemical is gone, only the one that says “I'm dead〞 is left. When other ants detect the “dead〞 chemical without the “not dead yet〞 chemical, they drag away the body.Understanding this behavior may help scientists figure out how to stop Argentine ants from invading new places and causing problems. Choe would like to find a way to use the newly discovered chemicals to spread ant killer to Argentine ant nests.The ants' removal behavior is important to the overall health of the nest. “Being able to quickly remove dead individuals and other possible sources of disease is extremely important to all animals living in societies, including us，〞 says Choe. “Think about all the effort and money that we invest daily in waste management.〞1. The underlined word “twist〞 in Paragraph 3 means ______.A. an unexpected changeB. a clear mistakeC. an important keyD. a shocking conclusion2. Ants judge whether another one is dead or not depending on ______.A. the sense of tasteB. the sense of touchC. the sense of smellD. the sense of sight3. The result of the research can be used to ______.A. kill troublesome pestsB. solve the problem of endangered speciesC. prevent invasive species in advanceD. keep the balance of nature4. Why is it important to remove dead individuals?A. Because it is easier to manage the living.B. Because it can save money to deal with the waste.C. Because it can provide more space for the living.D. Because it can keep the living from suffering disease.5. What might be the best title of the text?A. Dead or living? It is easy to judgeB. Pulling away the dead ants is a difficult taskC. Ant nests have great undertaking capacityD. Leaving it alone or taking it away? Ants feel puzzledⅣ. 写作(25 min.)(原创)生活中，我们总是有这样或那样的负担。
