主动语态与被动语态及专项练习
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主动语态与被动语态
主动语态：主语是动作的执行者或发出者。 She likes English.
被动语态：主语是动作的承受着或涉及到的对象。 Englishis liked （by her）.
被动语态的构成：be + v-ed
写出各种时态的被动语态形式：
被动语态时态构成 主动语态（以teach为例） 被动语态（以teach为例）
一般现在时
be(am/is/are) + v-ed teach teaches
现在进行时
be(am/is/are) be + v-ed be(am/is/are) teaching
过去进行时
be(was/were) be + v-ed be(was/were) teaching
一般过去时
be(was/were) + v-ed taught
一般将来时
be(am/is/are) going to be + v-ed be(am/is/are) going to teach
一般将来时
Will be + v-ed will teach
现在完成时
have/has bee n + v-ed have/has taught
过去完成时
had bee n + v-ed had taught
含有情态动词的被动语态
can/may/must/ need be + v-ed can/may/must/need teach
三、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题：
1. 不及物动词无被动语态。
What will happe n in 100 years. The dino saurs disappeared about 65 milli on years ago.
2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。 This pen writes well. This new book sells well.
3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略 to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to，但变为被动语态时, 须加上to。
make sb. do sth. sb.+ be +made to do sth.
see sb. do sth. sb +be +see n to do sth.
例: The boss made the little boy do heavy work.
T The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.
4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语 （物）作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这
个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。
例: He gave me a book. TA book was given to me by him.
He showed me a ticket. T A ticket was show n to me by him.
5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或 副词。
We can ' t laugh at him. T He can ' t be laughed at by us. 专项练习：
将下面句子改为被动语态
1.
Everybody likes him.
2. He broke the cup.
3. He In swered me that questi on.
4. He wrote | her a letter.
5. She made him a new coat.
6. He gave her some mon ey.
7. He bought her a watch.
将下面句子改为主动语态
1. En glish is taught in our school.
2. We are take n good care of at school.
3.
He was take n to the police stati on.
4. The house was built ten years ago.
5. A new buildi ng will be built here soon.
6. The meet ing will be held at two this after noon.
7. All the work has bee n done now.
8. Have the letters bee n posted?
9. He said the work had bee n fini shed.
10. My watch is being repaired by him.
11. The plan is now being discussed.
12. He said that the man was being operated on.
13. He told me that a new station was being built.
14. He said that the meeting would be held next week.
15. This bust be known by everyone.
16. This can'tbe done in a short time.
主动语态与被动语态相互转换（没空一次，含缩写）
1. we call maths the Ian guage of scie nee.
2. Where did they pla nt the trees?
3. You can borrow two books at a time.
4. The teacher made the stude nt copy the text.
5. They produce silk in Suzhou.
6. They built a bridge betwee n the two isla nds last year.
7. A birthday party will be give n tomorrow.
8. Joh n was see n to cross the street just now by some one.
9. Can ano ther way be thought of to keep wine or water warm?
10. Too many trees are still being cut down in the USA.
