2019-2020学年四川省射洪中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及参考答案

2019-2020学年四川省射洪中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及参考答案

第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

A

The Origins of Famous Brands

Our lives are full of brand names and trademarked products that we use every day. Although many brand names

are simple acronyms(首字母缩略词) or versions of their founders names, some of the companies we trust every

day actually have fascinating and surprising back stories.

Starbucks

It seems fitting that the most famous coffee brand in the world would take its name from one of the world’s

greatest works of literature. The inspiration for the name of the coffeehouse came from Herman Melville’sMoby

Dick. The founders’ original idea was to name the company after the Captain Ahab’s ship, but they eventually

decided that Pequot wasn’t a great name for coffee, so they chose Ahab’s first mate, Starbucks, as the name

instead.

Google

Google was originally called Backrub, for it searched for links in every corner of the Web. In 1997, when the

founders of the company were searching for a new name showing a huge amount of data for their rapidly

improving search technology, a friend suggested the word “googol”. When a friend tried to register the new

domain (域) name, he misspelled “googol” as “google”.

Nike

Originally founded as a distributor for Japanese running shoes, the company was originally named BRS, or Blue

Ribbon Sports. In 1971, BRS introduced its own soccer shoe, a model called Nike, which is alsothe name for the

Greek goddess of victory. In 1978, the company officially renamed itself as Nike, Inc.

The right name is essential to a company’s success, and a great origin story is just as important as a great product.

An attractive origin story is one more thing that keeps customers guessing, wondering, and buying its products.

1. What is the name of the Captain Ahab’s ship?

A. Moby Dick. B. Starbucks.

C. Pequot. D. Herman Melville. 2. Why did the founders of the Google want to change its name?

A. They mistook their name.

B. They wanted new customers.

C. The company’s original name was too long.

D. The company’s search technology was improving rapidly.

3. Where does the importance of the origin story of one company lie in?

A. It can change the company’s image.

B. It can add myth to the company.

C. It explains the development of the company to customers.

D. It makes customers imagine and purchase its goods.

B

“Heavy hearts, like heavy clouds in the sky, are best relieved by the letting of a little water, the French writer

Antoine de Rivarol wrote. This love letter to the cleansing beauty of a good cry is a comforting thought at atime

when the continuing stress of the COVID-19 has added heaviness to each of our lives.

Scientifically, de Rivarol's poetic image doesn't, if you'll forgive the words used in the poem, hold water.

There's limited research on crying, partly because of the difficulty of copying the behavior of real crying in a lab.

But even within the previous studies, there's little evidence to suggest that crying provides a physiological

cleansing of poisons in people's body.

Psychologists believe the relief of a good cry connects with a different emotional process. “It seems that

crying occurs just after the peak of the emotional experience, and crying is associated with this return to

homeostasis: the process of maintaining a stable psychological state,” said Lauren Bylsma. He also said holding

back tears can have negative physical consequences, including headaches and muscle tension. Such restriction can

also limit our experiences of joy, gratitude and other positive emotions if we avoid acknowledging our feelings.

For me crying has been easier said than done during the COVID-19. Psychologists say it's normal to feel

stopped up by the stresses of the past year. We should find opportunities to release and process our emotions.

Watching a tear-jerking movie, having an emotional conversation with a close friend, and writing in a journal

are healthy ways toelicita cry. Physical activity like light-footed walking or even dancing can also signal our bodies

to release some emotional tightness. We can then open up to the flow of feelings that leave us feeling lighter and

refreshed—like a clear sky after a soaking rain.

4. What is the weakness of the studies ever clone on crying? A. They were clone in a laboratory setting.

B. They cared little about different forms of crying.

C. They were always concentrated on people's daily life.

D. They showed little about the positive physical effect of crying.

5. What is the function of crying according to Lauren Bylsma?