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专题11 完形填空之人与自然(解析版)

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1 专题11 完形填空之人与自然

Part 1题型总览

【题型综述】

＂人与自然＂是高中新课程标准必考、常考三大主题之一。本主题包括动人与自然的和谐相处，人在自然界的生存、植物保护、生态保护、自然灾害、等方面。这些话题与学生的生活 息息相关，联系密切。通过对这些话题的学习以及高考英语对这些话题的考查，可以让学生 多注意身边的人和事、关注自然环境、学会与大自然和谐相处。

【技巧点拨】

1.利用语篇语境、逻辑关系解题

完形填空主要考查考生对语篇语境的理解，着重考查考生根据上下文提供的信息进行分析、推理、判断的能力。所以考生在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。①通过语篇内容进行推断：把握全文，可以避免断章取义；②通过上下文语境进行推断：从上下文中寻找提示或暗示，对文章的情节进行合理的推理判断。必须将词语辨析与上下文情节推理和逻辑推理结合起来，从词汇意义入手，抓住情节线索解决问题。做题时严格区分、细心比较，看其搭配、惯用法，尤其看其内涵和外延，即词义的差异，才能找出一个合乎情理的答案。

逻辑关系是指转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、并列关系、总结关系等，与语法密切相关。逻辑关系一般隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落的衔接中。利用逻辑关系，我们可以通过确切、具体的线索，把答案的逻辑意义推测出来，从而选出正确选项。这样使题目的难度大大降低。

2.利用搭配、同义复现、常识解题

固定搭配包括固定词组搭配和语法题两种，随着“突出语篇”的命题原则，这类题目越来越少。

词汇复现的信息包括原词复现，同义词、近义词和反义词复现，概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如：与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。考生可以利用这些现象解题。

有些情况下考生可以根据上下文的意思，从自己的生活经验、知识储备、常识和常规逻辑出发，正确序号 内容

Part 1 题型总览 题型综述 技巧点拨

Part 2 真题感悟 真题详解 强重难词 析长难句..

Part 3 专题强化 真题自测 新题模拟 2 理解题意，推断正确答案。

Part 2真题感悟

Passage 1

【真题详解】

【2020·浙江卷】

I’ve been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years. I use a small tractor to get about. My dog Don always sits

beside me in the passenger scat.

One morning I 36 a lost lamb when I was in the top field，near where a motorway cuts through my land.

The lamb had become separated from its 37 , so I jumped out of the tractor to 38 it while Don stayed

in his scat.

Lamb and mother 39 , I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me. This was

so 40 because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out. 41 Don had somehow made the 42

move.

My heart froze in my chest as I 43 the tractor heading towards the 44 .I ran desperately but

failed to 45 . It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared. The 46 thing I saw was Don’s face,

looking calmly back at me.

Heart in mouth, I 47 the fence and looked over. The tractor was 48 against the crash barrier in the

central reservation, having miraculously(奇迹般地) crossed the 49 road with fast-flowing traffic. I couldn’t

see Don, but as I 50 the tractor he jumped out onto the road, apparently 51 , and dashed back to me.

The police 52 and the motorway ran normally again. I couldn't quite believe my 53 it turned out

no one got badly hurt, but the outcome could have been 54 .Don was given a special 55 that night—I

didn’t want him thinking I was angry with him.

36．A．dropped B．spotted C．carried D．returned

37．A．kids B．friends C．owner D．mother

38．A．ask about B．play with C．tend to D．run into

39．A．freed B．switched C．reunited D．examined

40．A．unexpected B．dangerous C．embarrassing D．difficult

41．A．Fortunately B．Generally C．Immediately D．Obviously 3 42．A．lamb B．vehicle C．seat D．fence

43．A．saw B．stopped C．remembered D．drove

44．A．crowd B．motorway C．field D．hill

45．A．take off B．catch up C．hold back D．get out

46．A．real B．best C．basic D．last

47．A．fixed B．noticed C．reached D．closed

48．A．resting B．running C．parking D．turning

49．A．sleep B．long C．rough D．busy

50．A．abandoned B．approached C．recognized D．repaired

51．A．unclean B．uncertain C．unhurt D．unhappy

52．A．arrived B．replied C．survived D．waited

53．A．ability B．dream C．luck D．idea

54．A．common B．confusing C．desirable D．awful

55．A．meal B．test C．job D．lesson

【答案】36．B37．D38．C39．C40．A41．D42．B43．A44．B45．B46．D47．C48．A49．D50．B51．C

52．A53．C54．D55．A

【文章大意】本文主题是人与自然。文章主要讲了作者开车带着它的狗去田地，路上发现了一只和它妈妈走散的小羊。作者下车去照看小羊，把自己的狗留在了车上。后来，作者帮助小羊找到了妈妈，谁知竟发现自己的狗开着拖拉机冲到了高速路上。作者赶紧沿途追赶，害怕造成严重的后果。幸运的是，最后没有人受伤。这真是一个奇迹！

36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，我在山顶的田野里发现了一只迷路的小羊，那里有一条高速公路穿过我的田地。A. dropped下降；B. spotted发现；C. carried搬； D. returned返回。下文说小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我是无意中发现了一只迷路的小羊。故选B。

37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don还坐在它的座位上。A. kids小孩；B. friends朋友；C. owner主人；D. mother妈妈。根据下文Lamb and mother，可知小羊是和它的妈妈走散了。故选D。

38．考查动词短语辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don还坐在它的座位上。A. ask about询问；B. play with同……一起玩；C. tend to照看；D. run into撞上。上文说小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以可以推测出我跳下拖拉机去照看它。故选C。

39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。4 A. freed使自由；B. switched转变；C. reunited重聚；D. examined检查。下文说我转过身去看拖拉机，因为小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，所以我才有心思去看我的拖拉机。故选C。

40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这太出乎意料了，因为我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹。A. unexpected出乎意料的；B. dangerous危险的；C. embarrassing使人尴尬的；D. difficult困难的。上文说我看见拖拉机突然离开了我，下文说我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹，所以这是让人出乎意料的事情。故选A。

41．考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Generally通常；C. Immediately立即；D. Obviously显然。根据while Don stayed in his seat可知我跳下车，照顾小羊的时候，Don还坐在它的座位上。那么，很显然，是Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。故选D。

42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：显然，Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. lamb小羊；B. vehicle车辆；C.

seat座位；D. fence栅栏。根据I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me.可知我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。所以这里指的是Don开走了我的车。故选B。

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阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device(装置)on your desk. And they’ve never actually 21 you. Everything they know about

you 22

through this device,

sometimes from hundreds

of miles away. 23 they feel

they can know you 24 from the sound of your voice. That’s how powerful the 25

is.

Powerful, yes, but not always 26 . For years I dealt with my travel agent only

by phone. Rani, my faceless

agent whom I’d never met

27 , got me rock-bottom prices

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really 28 me. I sometimes wished

to 29 another agent.

One morning,

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Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was __41__along 165 north after

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found 44 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under

the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good

bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.

The man who had his bright lights on 48 and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call. They

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阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

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(6) creative idea for the fitness buses comes from James Balfour and Giles Dean. It's not a difficult

thing to improve (7) (people) lives by changing the buses, "Balfour said. "Some people want to go to

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“We do not go into a house together,” they replied.

“Why?” she asked.

One of the old men explained: “His name is Wealth, and he is Success, and I am Love. You need to discuss 3 your family which one you want to invite.”

The woman went back into the house and told her husband about it. Her husband was very happy. “How 4 !”, he said. “Let us invite Wealth. He can fill our home with 5 !”

His wife disagreed. “My dear, why don’t we invite Success?” Their daughter suggested: “Wouldn’t it be better to 6 Love? Our home will be filled with love.” “Let us take our daughter’s 7 ,” said the husband. Then, they went out and invited Love. Love got up and walked into the house. The other two 8 got up and followed him. The woman asked Wealth and Success 9 : “I only invited Love, why are you coming in?”