(完整)高中英语表语从句讲解及专项练习

(完整)高中英语表语从句讲解及专项练习 1 / 7 表语从句解说及专项练习

观点： 表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句。 放在系动词以后 ,一般构造是 “主语 +系动词 +表语从句 ”能够接表语

从句的连系动词有 be, look, remain, seem 等。

能够接表语从句的系动词有：

1： be（being,been,am,is,are,was,were)

2: feel , seem , look, appear ,sound, taste , smell

3: stand , lie , remain ,keep, stay

4: become ,get , grow , turn ,go ,come, run, fall

5: prove, turn out

The trouble is that we are short of money. 困难是我们资本欠缺。 That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields. 这就是为何在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅

栏的原由。

At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow. 当时 ,我仿佛怎么也想不出一个适合的字眼来。

指引表语从句的词：

附属连词 that、 whether、 as though、 as if（ That 指引表语从句时，在口语中，间或能够省略。 ）

关系代词 who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 等；

关系副词 when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever 等。

由附属连词 that， whether 指引的表语从句。

that 在指引表语从句时无词义，而 whether 有词义，意为、 “能否 ”。这时主句的主语经常是些抽象名词，如 question(问

题 )，trouble( 麻烦 )，problem( 问题 )， result(结果 )，chance(可能性 )，suggestion(建议 ) ，idea(想法 )，reason(原由 )等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解说，使主语的内容详细化。比如：

The trouble is (that) she has lost his money. 麻烦的事是他丢了钱。

The question is whether we need more ice cream. 问题是我们能否还需要一些冰淇淋。

The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use. 问题是它作为平时之用太名贵了。

What she couldn ’ t understand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons我.们不可以理解愈来愈少的学

生对他的课不感兴趣。 由关系代词指引的表语从句。

关系代词 who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 等指引表语从句，在句中作主语、宾

语、表语，关系代词不可以省略。比如： The question is which of us should go. 问题是我们哪一个应当去。

The problem was who could do the work. 问题是谁能做这项工作。

That's what he is worrying about. 那就是他在担忧的事。 That's what we should do. 那是我们应当成的。 由关系副词指引的表语从句。

关系副词 when, where, how, why 除在句子起连结作用外，在从句中还充任时间，地址，方式或原由状语，自己拥有词义。比如： Go and get your coat. It's where you left it. 去把雨衣拿来。就在你本来放的地方。

I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. That why I g ot wet’throughs. 我们既没伞也没雨衣，这是我们淋湿的原由。

That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year. 那就是老鼠是如何每年伤害大批粮食的。

That is what he is worried about. 那就是他所担忧的。

由连词 because， as if/as though 等指引的表语从句。

It looked as if it was going to snow. 看起来仿佛要下雪了。

That's because we never thought of it. 这是因为我们从未想过此事。 It seems as if he didn ’ t know the仿佛answer他不知.道答案。

注意

A. 表语从句必定要用陈说语序。 False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.

Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.

B. 不可以够用 if ，而用 whether 连结表语从句 (as if 例外）。指引宾语从句时能够交换 if/whether 位于介词后要用 whether

位于句首时要用 whether 。指引表语从句，主语从句，同位语从句时要用 whether 。

False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.

Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us. (完整)高中英语表语从句讲解及专项练习 2 / 7 Right: It looked as if he had understood this question.

C.不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态和从句时态能够不一致。

Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.

Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.

D. that 在表语从句中不可以够免却。

基本用法

表语从句只好置于主句以后，而主句的动词只好是联系动词。名词性从句在 be 等系动词后作表语时被称为表语从句比如：

The problem is how we can get the things we need.

问题是我们如何能弄到我们需要的东西。 (how 在表语从句中充任方式状语 )

The scissors are not what I need. 这把剪刀不是我所需要的。 (what 在表语从句中充任宾语 )

What I told him was that I would find him a good play. 我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本。 (what 在主语从句中作直接宾

语， that 作为表语从句的指引词在该表语从句中不充任句子成分，不可以省略 )

That is what I want to tell you. 那就是我想要对你讲的。 (what 在表语从句中充任直接宾语 )

That is why she failed to pass the exam. 那就是她考试不及格的原由。 (why 在表语从句中充任原由状语 )

What I told him was that I would find him a good play. 我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本。 (what 在主语从句中作直接宾

语， that 作为表语从句的指引词在该表语从句中不充任句子成分， 不可以省略 )

That is what I want to tell you. 那就是我想要对你讲的。 (what 在表语从句中充任直接宾语 )

That is why she failed to pass the exam. 那就是她考试不及格的原由。 (why 在表语从句中充任原由状语 )

注意

“That is why... ”是常用句型， 意为“这就是 ,, 的原由/所以 ,, ”， 此中 why 指引的名词性从句在句中作表语， 该句

型往常用于针对前方已经说明过的原由进行总结， 又如：

That is why you see this old woman before you know, Jeanne. 珍妮， 这就是此刻这个老太婆出此刻你眼前的原由。 (前文提

到 Jeanne对老太婆显得年迈憔倅深感惊诧， 说话人对她叙述了此中的原由以后，用这一句来进行归纳 )。

That is why I came. 这就是我来的原由。

下边是两个与“ That is why... ”形式相像的构造， 它们与“ That is why... ”构造之间的关系要能够辨析清楚：

(1) “ That is why... ”与“ That is the reason why... ”同义， 只可是从语法构造上讲， “ That is the reason why... ”中 why

指引的是—个定语从句， 将此中的 the reason 去掉则与“ That is why... ”构造同样， 比如：

That is (the reason) why I cannot agree. 这就是我不可以赞同的原由。

(2)“ That is because...”句型中附属连词 because指引的名词性从句在此作表语， 这也是个常用句型， 意为“这就是为

什么 ,, /因为 ,, ”。“ That is because...”与“ That is why... ”之间的不一样在于 “ That is because...”指原由或原由， “ That is

why... ”

则指因为各样原由所造成的结果，

比如：

He did not see the film last night. That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.