2010年自考英语《英语国家概况》冲刺练习

全国2010年4月自学考试英语国家概况试题(总分100, 做题时间150分钟)课程代码：00522请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question，four suggested answers marked A，B，C and D are given. Choose the one that you think**pletes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(50 points，1 point for each)1.___________of 1066 is perhaps the best-known event in English history, in which William， the Conqueror confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his followers.SSS_SINGLE_SELA The Roman ConquestB The Anglo-Saxon ConquestC The Norman ConquestD The Celt Conquest该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:C2.As a result of the Black Death，___________.SSS_SINGLE_SELA all land was left untendedB no labor was required any longerC 1and owners tended to change from arable to sheep-farmingD surviving peasants were not able to bargain about their wages 该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:C3.Which of the following statements about Elizabeth I(1 55 8-1 603)is true?SSS_SINGLE_SELA Elizabeth was 35 when she came to the throne.B Elizabeth remained single.C Elizabeth was not able to work with Parliament.D Her reign was a time of diminishing English nationalism.该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 14.___________ was not in the“Allies” in the First World War.SSS_SINGLE_SELA BritainB FranceC RussiaD Turkey该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:D5.The English Civil War is also called ___________ .SSS_SINGLE_SELA the Revolutionary WarB the Puritan RevolutionC the ReformationD the Renaissance该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:B6.The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The head of State is a king or a queen .In practice，___________.SSS_SINGLE_SELA Parliament rules the countryB the Sovereign reigns but does not ruleC the Sovereign rules but does not reignD the Prime Minister rules and reigns该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:B7.In January,1973，Britain finally became a full member ofthe___________，which was established by the Treaty of Rome in 1957.SSS_SINGLE_SELA Organization of Economic Cooperation and DevelopmentB Organization of European DevelopmentC European Economic CommunityD European Union该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:CThe___________refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequent changes in social economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.SSS_SINGLE_SELA UrbanizationB Economic BoomC Glorious RevolutionD Industrial Revolution该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:D9.The major Christian festivals in Britain are___________ .SSS_SINGLE_SELA Christmas, Easter and Mother’s DayB Christmas, Easter and Whit SundayC Christmas，Guy Fawkes Day and St. Patrick’s DayD Christmas，Whit Sunday and St. George’s Day该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:B10.The Commonwealth of Nations is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. At present there are ___________ countries within the Commonwealth (1991).SSS_SINGLE_SELA 30B 40C 50D 60该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:C11.Among the three tribes of the **ing to Britain, the most industrious and vigorous of the Celtic tribes was the ___________ .SSS_SINGLE_SELA GaelsB BrythonsC BelgaeD Vikings该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:C12.Political change in England came mainly through___________.SSS_SINGLE_SELA gradual reformB revolutionC people’s uprisingsD working class movement该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:A13.The two parties that have held power in Britain since 1945 are___________ .SSS_SINGLE_SELA the Democratic Party and the Republican PartyB the Conservative Party and the Labor PartyC the Labor Party and the Social Democratic PartyD the Labor Party and the Democratic Party该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:B14.___________’s reign was a time of confident English nationalism and of great achievements in literature and other arts. in explorationand in battle.SSS_SINGLE_SELA MaryB Henry VIIIC E1izabeth ID Charles II该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:C15.After the Restoration，Parliament passed a series of severe lawscalled ____________against the Puritans，now known as Nonconformists.SSS_SINGLE_SELA Agreement of the PeopleB the Petition of the RightC the Clarendon CodeD the Act of Supremacy该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:C16.Which statement about the“Wars of Roses”is NOT true?SSS_SINGLE_SELA The king’s power now became supreme.B Ordinary people were seriously affected.C The wars were waged intermittently for 30 years.D From these wars feudalism received its death blow.该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:B17.The finest exponents of Elizabethan drama in the English Renaissance were ___________ .SSS_SINGLE_SELA Ben Johnson，Christopher Marlowe and Charles DickensB Edmund Spenser, Charles Dickens and William ShakespeareC William Shakespeare, Ben Johnson and Charles DickensD William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe and Ben Johnson该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:D18.The Chartist movement was the first nationwide ___________ movement.SSS_SINGLE_SELA working classB lower middle classC upper middle classD upper class该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:A19.______________led the U.K. to final victory in the Second World War.SSS_SINGLE_SELA Winston ChurchillB Neville ChamberlainC Tony BlairD William Gladstone该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:A20.Which statement about the religion in Britain is true?SSS_SINGLE_SELA Every person in Britain may change his religion，but with difficulty.B Every person may not manifest his faith in teaching，worship and observance.C Every person has the right to religious freedom without interference from **munity or the State.D Churches and religious societies of any kind cannot own property and propagate their beliefs in speeches and writing.该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:C21.In the late century, Christopher Columbus，a(n)___________navigator, led his men to sail across the vast ocean and reached some small islands in the now West Indies.SSS_SINGLE_SELA FrenchB SpanishC ItalianD English该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:C22.American troops defeated the British at___________ in Northern New York. This was a great turning point of the American War of Independence，leading directly to an alliance between the U.S. and France.SSS_SINGLE_SELA SaratogaB TrentonC LexingtonD Yorktown该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:A23.In 1787，delegates from the states held a meeting in Philadelphia to make the Articles of Confederation adequate. The meeting came to be called the ___________ .SSS_SINGLE_SELA First Continental CongressB Second Continental CongressC Constitutional ConventionD Independent Convention该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:C24.Which of the following is NOT among President Theodore Roosevelt’s contributions?SSS_SINGLE_SELA The implementation of the Sherman Anti-trust Act.B The initiation of large-scale irrigation projects.C The adoption of the Hepburn Act of 1906.D The passage of the Federal Reserve Act.该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:D25.___________Was the beginning of a long economic depression in the U.S. in 1929.SSS_SINGLE_SELA Business bankruptcyB Serious unemploymentC The stock market crashD Foreclosures该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:C26.During the Second World War, American wartime objectives were the total destruction of___________ powers and the establishment of a world order.SSS_SINGLE_SELA AxisB AsianC AlliedD European该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:A27.In 1932，in the depth of the depression，the American people chose___________ as their next president who promised to get the U.S. out of the depression.SSS_SINGLE_SELA Theodore RooseveltB Franklin D. RooseveltC Woodrow WilsonD Herbert C. Hoover该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:B28.Education was made a function of the state under the___________Amendment to the US Constitution.SSS_SINGLE_SELA TenthB EleventhC TwelfthD Thirteenth该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:A29.McCarthyism was a full-scale ___________hysteria in the United States in the 1950s.SSS_SINGLE_SELA pro-NaziB anti-FascistC pro-CommunistD anti-Communist该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:D30.On June 5，1947，___________suggested that the US should offer economic aid to Western Europe so as to protect the region from Soviet expansion.SSS_SINGLE_SELA George KennanB George MarshallC Dwight EisenhowerD James F. Byrnes该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:B31.A decision to set up a world organization，the United Nations，was made at___________.SSS_SINGLE_SELA Yalta ConferenceB Potsdam ConferenceC Teheran ConferenceD Paris Conference该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:A32.The safeguards against abuse of powers in the United **e in the form of___________.SSS_SINGLE_SELA separation of powersB executive ordersC presidential electionsD judicial reviews该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:A33.___________Was meant to guarantee the blacks and others the right to vote.SSS_SINGLE_SELA Emancipation Proclamation in 1863B The Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution in 1865C The Civil Rights Act of 1964D The Voting Rights Act of 1965该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:D34.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:C35.Of the four kinds of high schools，___________ones only aim to prepare students for college.SSS_SINGLE_SELA comprehensiveB academicC vocationalD technical该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:B36.There have been__________ periods in the development of American political parties in the United States.SSS_SINGLE_SELA twoB threeC fourD five该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:C37.The 1920s in the United States has been described by many historians as a period of ___________.SSS_SINGLE_SELA material failureB spiritual frustrationC political setbacksD welfare reform该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:B38.___________is the largest single source of goods imported by theU.S.，accounting for nearly 30％of the total.SSS_SINGLE_SELA CanadaB MexicoC JapanD European Union该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:A39.Mark Twain’s masterwork was ___________ .SSS_SINGLE_SELA The Scarlet LetterB Leaves of GrassC The Sketch BookD The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:D40.In the early part of the 19th century，___________was the center of American writing.SSS_SINGLE_SELA BostonB PhiladelphiaC ChicagoD New York City该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:D41.Tourist trade is important in economy in ___________with rich green mountains and valleys.SSS_SINGLE_SELA British ColumbiaB Atlantic provincesC the Canadian-ShieldD St. Lawrence-Great Lakes provinces该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:B42.Which of the following about Canada in World War I is NOT true?SSS_SINGLE_SELA It founded its navy to enter World War I.B It took a seat as a member of the League of Nations.C It won the right to sign the Peace Treaty of 1919 in its own name.D It has found its place among the nations of the world since World War I.该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:A43.Generally speaking，Canada can be divided into___________ geographical regions.SSS_SINGLE_SELA threeB fourC fiveD six该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:D44.Which of the following statements about Australia is true?SSS_SINGLE_SELA It is the world’s fifth largest country and is surrounded by sea.B It is the smallest and the only continent that contains only one country.C It is a continent that contains only Australia and New Zealand.D It is the world’s smallest continent and the world’s fourth largest country.该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:B45.The first Australian colony, established by Britain in 1788 and called the premier state，is ___________ .SSS_SINGLE_SELA VictoriaB TasmaniaC QueenslandD New South Wales该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:D46.The Australian political division borders are drawn___________.SSS_SINGLE_SELA along straight lines of latitude and longitudeB along rivers and forestsC along mountain rangesD along natural features该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:A47.The only native mammals in New Zealand are___________.SSS_SINGLE_SELA rabbitsB batsC opossumsD goats该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:B48.A chain of mountains runs almost the whole length of South Island in New Zealand. The highest peak is___________.SSS_SINGLE_SELA Mt RuapehuB Mt CookC Mt NgaurohoeD Mt Tongariro该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:B49.One of the four unusual demographic features of Irelandis___________.SSS_SINGLE_SELA an early marriage ageB an excess of males in the populationC a low proportion of bachelors and spinsters of all agesD a high **pounded by a century of emigration该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:B50.Migration in Ireland declined sharply___________.SSS_SINGLE_SELA during WWIB in recent yearsC in the early decades of the 20th centuryD after the establishment of the Irish Free State该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:D** a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(30 points，3 points for each)51.What is the Magna Carta also known as?SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 3答案:52.Who has the power to declare war and make peace in the U.K.?SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 3答案:53.What are the three political divisions on the island of Great Britain?SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 3答案:54.When was the Declaration of Independence adopted?SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 3答案:55.What foreign policy did the American government pursue in the early 1930s?SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 3答案:56.What are Conglomerates in the USA?SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 3答案:57.Where is the name“Canada”believed to **e from?SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 3答案:58.Why does Great Britain have the greatest influence upon Australia?SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 3答案:59.What is Maoritanga?SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 3答案:60.What was the consequence of the the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921?SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 3答案:** each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words.(20 points，5 points for each)61.the House of CommonsSSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 5答案:62.English feudal systemSSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 5答案:63.the U.S. two-party systemSSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 5答案:64.the New DealSSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 5答案:1。

Unit 1 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom 11、Britain is no longer an imperial country. T2、When people outside the UK talk about England,they mistake it as Britain sometimes. T3、The Socts and Welsh have a strong sense of being British. F4、Three of the following are characteristics of London.Which of the four is the Exception? CA London is a political,economic and cultural centre of the country.B London has a larger population than all other cities in England.C London is not only the largest city in Britain,but also the largest in the world.D London has played a significant role in the economic construction of the country.5、When did Scotland join the Union by agreement of the English and Scottish parliaments? DA In 1715B In 1688C In 1745D In 17076、The full name of the United kingdom is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.7、The island of Great Britain is made up of England,Scotland and Wales.8、The capital of Britain is London,which has great influence on the UK in all fields including government,finance,and culture.Unit 2 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom 21、Ireland is part of Great Britain. F2、Northern Ireland is significant because of its manufacturing industry. F3、Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations,but is quite well-known in the world for DA its most famous landmark,the “Giant’s Causeway”.B its rich cultural lifeC its low living standardsD its endless political problems4、Faced with conflicting demands the British government chose a compromise and organized a partition of Ireland in 1921,because BA the British government wouldn’t be able to control Ireland and longer by forceB the British government intended to satisfy both sides ——Catholics and ProtestantsC Catholics in Ireland demanded a partition of IrelandD Protestants welcomed the idea of partition5、The Home Rule Bill was finally passed in 1914,but the process was overtaken by the First World War and was suspended for the duration of the war.6、To pursue Irish independence,the most spectacular event in the Irish history was the Easter Rising of 1916,in which the rebels occupied Dublin’s Post Office and forced the British to take it back by military means.7、The Good Friday Agreement,known also as the Belfast Agreement ,emerged on 10 April 1998.8、The Good Friday Agreement assures the loyalist community that Northern Ireland “remains part of the United Kindom and shall not cease to be so without the consent of the majority of the people of Northern Ireland. 9、The Easter RisingIn order to gain independence,different Irish groups had been fighting against the British institutions and the British military forces.One such activity was the Easter Rising which took place in 1916.The rebels occupied Dublin’s Post Office and forced the British to bake it back by military force. The leaders of the rebellion were executed by the British authorities.10、Home RuleIreland had long been dominated by Britain,but Irish desire for an independent Irish state was never lost.”Home Rule” refers to a campaign for Irish control of Irish affairs.The Home Rule Bill was finally passed in 1914,but the process was overtaken by the Fist World War and was suspended for the duration of the was.11、The Good Friday AgreementAs a result of multi-party negotiations,the Good Friday Agreement was approved on 10 April 1998.This agreement assures the loyalist community that Northern Ireland remains part of the United Kingdom and it won’t change its political status unless the majority of the people of Northern Ireland agree.Under the terms of the agreement,Northern Ireland should be governed by three separate jurisdictions:that of the Republic of Ireland,that of Great Britain and that of its own elected executive government of ten ministers.Unit 3 The Government of the United Kingdom1、It is no doubt that British is the oldest representative democracy in the World. F2、The oldest institution of government in Britain is the Monarchy. T3、The divine right of the King means the sovereign derived his authority from his subjects. F4、Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of British government. AA It offers the Queen high political status and supreme power.B It is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.C It is the oldest representative democracy in the world.D It has no written from of constitution.5、Which of the following is NOT related to the Constitution? AA It is a written document which lists out the basic principles for government.B It is the foundation of British governance tody.C Conventions and Laws passed by Parliament are part of the Constitution.D The common laws are part of the Constitution.6、Which of the following statements is NOT correct? DA There are no legal restraints upon Parliament.B Strictly speaking,the Queen is part of the Parliament.C Parliament has the supreme power of passing laws.D Parliament has no power to change the terms of the Constitution.7、Which of the following is NOT a true description of the Queen’s role? AA The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.B The Queen symbolizes the tradition and unity of the British state.C The Queen acts as a confidante to the Prime Minister.D The Queen is the temporal head of the Church of England.8、The British Constitution consists of statute law,common law and conventions.9、Strictly speaking,the Parliament today consists of the Queen,the House of Lords and the House of Commons.10、The House of Commons.It is the real center of British political life because it is the place where about 650 elected representatives (Members of Parliament) make and debate policy.These MPs are elected in the General Elections and should represent the interests of the people who vote for them.Unit 4 Politics,Class and RACE1、In the UK,a government cannot stand for longer than five years except in exceptional circumstances. T2、Children from the upper-middle-class usually have a better education than those from the working or middle-class. T (老师讲题时为T ,书后答案为 F)3、Which of the following description about the Conservative party is NOT true? DA It has been in power for an unusually long period of time.B It prefers policies that protect individual’s rights.C It receives a lot of the funding form big companies.D It is known as a party of high taxation levels.4、Which of the following statements is NOT true about class system in the UK? BA People of different classes tend to read different kinds of newspapers.B Class division is only decided by people’s income.C Though social advancement is possible,class affects a person’s life chances.D The way people speak may identify them as belonging to a particular class.5、Normally,a government can be in power for 5 years,and then it has to resign and hold a general election.6、There are three major parties in the UK : the Conservative party,the Labour party and t he Liberal Democratic party.7、From 1979 to 1997,the Conservative party won 4 consecutive elections and was in power for quite a long time.Unit 5 The UK Economy1、By the 1880’s the British economy was dominant in the world. T2、Both the US and Canada overtook British in economy by 1990. F3、Another reason for British decline is the loss of its colonies,especially India,which gained its independence in 1947. T4、Which of the following statements is NOT true about the UK economy? CA Britain remains one of the Group of Seven large industrial economies.B Britain has experienced a relative economic decline since 1945.C There has been a period of steady decreasing of living standards.D Some smaller economies have overtaken the UK in terms of output per capita.5、”The Jewel in the Crown” of the British Empire India, which provided raw materials and a big market for British goods,gained independence in 1947.6、Since 1945,the UK economy has experienced relative decline rather than absolute decline.7、In 1979,the Conservative party under Margaret Thatcher came into power and carried out a programme of reform.8、Relative decline of the UK economy.The UK has experienced an economic decline since 1945.But this is a relative decline rather than an absolute one .British is wealthier and more productive than it was in 1945,but since other countries developed more rapidly,it has slid from being the second largest economy to being the sixth.Unit 6 British Literature1、Thomas Hardy,the author of Tess of the D’Urbervilles,was also a first-class poet. T2、Which of the following books is written by Geoffrey Chaucer? AA The Canterbury TalesB BeowulfC King LearD Morte D’Arthur3、Which of the following did NOT belong to Romanticism? DA Keats .B ShelleyC WordsworthD Defoe4、Which of the following writers was the most famous Scottish novelist? DA wrenceB Charles DickensC Jonathan SwiftD Sir Walter Scott5、The Canterbury TalesThe Canterbury Tales written by Geoffrey Chaucer is the most important work in Middle English literature.It is made up of a series of stories told by 31 pilgrims to entertain each other on their way to the Christian Church at Canterbury in southeast England.It’s quite noticeable for its diversity,not only in range of social status among the pilgrims,but also in style or the stories they tell.Unit 7 British Education System1、The purpose of British education is not only to provide children with literacy and the other basic skills but also to socialize children. T2、Public schools are part of the national education system and funded by the government. F3、In Britain,the great majority of parents send their children to CA private schoolsB independent schoolsC state schoolsD public schools4、In Britain,children from the age of 5 to 16 BA can legally receive partly free aducationB can legally receive completely free educationC can not receive free education at allD can not receive free education if their parents are rich5、Which of the following is NOT true about the British education system? DA It’s run by the stateB It’s funded by the stateC It’s supervised by the stateD It’s dominated by the state6、Childern in Britain must receive a full-time education legally from the age of 5 to 16.7、Pupils from the age of 5 to 11 mainly attend state-run primary schools.Unit 8 British Foreign Relations1、Which countries are the permanent members of the UN Security Council? CC China,Russia,France,Britain and the United States.2、Nowadays the British foreign policy is largely shaped by its participation in CC the United Nations,the EU,NATO,etc3、When the Second World War was over,Britain was active in setting up the United Nations and became one of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council.4、The present foreign policy of Britain is greatly influenced by its imperial history and also by its geopolitical traits.5、Britain’s special relationship which the United States is another major factor which influences the British foreign policy.6、The general direction of Britain’s foreign policy is decided by the Prime Minister and Cabinet .。

目录2010年自考英语《英语国家概况》冲刺练习19 ............................... 错误！未定义书签。

2010年自考英语《英语国家概况》冲刺练习20 ............................... 错误！未定义书签。

2010年自考英语《英语国家概况》冲刺练习21Part of Australia1. Canada is located in ________.A. the Southern HemisphereB. The Northern HemisphereC. the Western HemisphereD. The Eastern Hemisphere2. Canada is bounded on the east by ________.A. the Pacific OceanB. the Atlantic OceanC. the Indian OceanD. the Arctic Ocean3. Nearly ________of the land in Canada has no permanent population.A. halfB. two-thirdsC. 89%D. 95%4. Canada's largest city is _________.A. MontrealB. TorontoC. OttawaD. Vancouver5. The longest river in Canada is _________.A. the MackenzieB. the St. LawrenceC. the SevernD. the Yukon6. The St. Lawrence and ________together form an important transportation network for eastern Canada.A. cards decorated with heartsB. Cupid armed with bow and arrowC. flowers tied with red ribbonsD. roast turkey7. The Interior Plains lie between________ and _______ .A. the Canadian Shield/the Appalachian RegionB. the Canadian Shield/the Rocky MountainsC. the Great Lakes/the Arctic IslandsD. the Appalachian Region/the Great Lakes8. The name "Canada" is thought to be derived from kanata, an Indian word meaning _______.A. a guitarB. a meeting placeC. a settlementD. a piece of land9. Who was the first European to discover Canada?A. John Cabot.B. Jacques Cartier.C. Samuel de ChamplainD. Henry Hudson.10. Who founded the first permanent settlements at Quebec and Montreal on the St. Lawrence River?A. John Cabot.B. Jacques Cartier.C. Samuel de ChamplainD. Henry Hudson.11. Why were the French troops in Canada defeated by the British during the Seven Years' War?A. Because they were not used to the weather in Canada.B. Because they did not get support from the local people.C. Because they did not receive the supplies they needed so badly.D. Because the British had larger and better settlements in Canada.12. Under______ , the French Canadian farming economy of the St. Lawrence valley and its language, religion, and customs continued unchanged.A. the Quebec Act of 1774B. the Treaty of Paris in 1763C. the Constitutional Act of 1791D. the Act of Union in 184013. When was Canada divided into Upper Canada (English-speaking)and Lower Canada (French-speaking)?A. In 1763B. In 1774C. In 1791D. In 184014. When was Canada given internal self-government?A. In 1791B. In 1840C. In 1848D. In 186715. Under ________ , the provinces of Canada, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia were united to form the Do-minion of Canada.A. the Act of Union in 1840B. the British North America Act of 1867C. the Quebec Act of 1774D. the Constitutional Act of 179116. Who was the first prime minister of the new Canada?A. Sir John Macdonald.B. Sir Wilfrid Laurier.C. Robert Borden.D. Mackenzie King.17. In 1896 _______ took over and the country was ruled under Sir Wilfrid Laurier.A. the Conservative PartyB. the Liberal PartyC. the Labor PartyD. the New Democratic Party18. In 1905 two more provinces were created. They were_______ .A. Ontario and QuebecB. Manitoba and British ColumbiaC. Alberta and SaskatchewanD. Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island19. In 1931 by_______ Canada was formally declared to be a sovereign nation and became a member of the Common-wealth of Nations.A. the Peace Treaty of 1919B. the Statute of WestminsterC. the Meek Lake AccordD. the constitution Act of 198220. In 1949 _______ became Canada's tenth province.A. NewfoundlandB. Prince Edward IslandC. LabradorD. British Columbia1.C2.B3.C4.B5.A6.B7.B8.C9.A 10.C 11.C 12.A 13.C14.C15.B 16.A17.B 18.C 19.B 20.A2010年自考英语《英语国家概况》冲刺练习22 Part of Australia1. Like the island continent of Antarctica, Australia is located entirely in______.A. the Northern HemisphereB. the Southern HemisphereC. the North PoleD. the South Pole2. With regard to its size, Australia is ______ country in the world.A. the third largestB. the fourth largestC. the fifth largestD. the sixth largest3. The geographical structure of Australia is generally divided into three topographical regions: ______.A. the Eastern Plateau, the Central highlands and the Western LowlandsB. the Central Plateau, the Western Highlands and the Eastern LowlandsC. the Western Plateau, the Eastern highlands and the Central Eastern LowlandsD. the Central Plateau, the Western highlands and the Eastern Lowlands4. Although Australia has a large area, ______ of the continent is desert or semi-desert.A. one thirdB. two thirdsC. halfD. more than half5. Most Australians live on the cool, wet, forested ______.A. southeast coastlandB. southwest coastlandC. northeast coastlandD. northwest coastland6. The only places in Australia that experience regular winter snowfall and icy conditions are ______.A. the eastern coastal areas of QueenslandB. the Blue MountainsC. the New England TablelandD. the highest peaks of the Snowy Mountains and Victorian Highlands7. Australia's most common plans are ______.A. oaks and elmsB. palms and pinesC. willows and poplarsD. eucalypts and wattles8. What animals are regarded as Australia's national fauna?A. Koalas and possums.B. Emus and kangaroos.C. Echidnas and platypuses.D. Budgerigars and cockatoos.9. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people constitute ______of Australia's population.A. 1%B. 1.5%C. 2%D. 2.5%10. Why has Australia always been a continent with few people?A. Because Australia is too far away from Europe.B. Because Australia is the least mountainous and most level of theworld's continents.C. Because Australia is separated from the rest of the world by seas.D. Because most of the continent is hot and dry.11. Australia is politically divided into _____ states and _____ territories.A. four/threeB. five/twoC. six/threeD. six/two12. Australia is a nation of immigrants because the overwhelming majority of the Australian population are ______.A. whiteB. middle class peopleC. tourists from other countriesD. immigrants or their descendants13. Why is Australia's New South Wales called the premier state?A. Because it was the first colony established by Britain in 1788.B. Because it is the biggest state in Australia.C. Because it is the most important state in Australia.D. Because it has the largest population in Australia.14. The only city on the western coast which has a population of more than one million is ______.A. DarwinB. PerthC. the Gold CoastD. Brisbane15. The Great Barrier Reef is included on the World Heritage list because___.A. it has the most beautiful seascape in the worldB. it has the greatest number of islands in the worldC. it has the most diverse and complex marine life in the worldD. it has the longest coast in the world16. Adelaide, the capital of South Australia, is internationally known forits ______.A. wineB. beautiful sceneryC. valuable mineralsD. arts festival17. Western Australia is the biggest Australian state, but its population is only ______ of the country's population.A. 9%B. 10%C. 11%D. 12%18. Tasmania is an island which lies ______ of the Australian mainland.A. north of the northeastern cornerB. south of the southeastern cornerC. east of the northeastern comerD. west of the southeastern corner19. Why is the southern area of the Northern Territory called the Red Centre of Australia?A. Because Uluru is located there.B. Because it is extremely hot and dry.C. Because it consists of miles and miles of red-sand desert andmountain ranges.D. Because it lies in the tropics.20. Canberra, the capital of Australia, got its name from the word"Canburry",which is an Aboriginal word meaning ______.A. "meeting place"B. "beautiful garden"C. "sacred site"D. "capital city"1.B2.D3.C4.B5.A6.D7.D8.B9.B 10.D11.D 12.D 13.A14.B 15.C 16.D17.A18.B 19.C 20.A2010年自考英语《英语国家概况》冲刺练习23 Part of New Zealand1. New Zealand is situated about 1, 500 km _______.A. north-west of AustraliaB. south-east of AustraliaC. north-east of AustraliaD. south-west of Australia2. Because the country is very narrow, no place in New Zealand is more than ______ from the sea.A. 100 kmB. 110 kmC. 120 kmD. 150 km3. New Zealand is the first country in the world to get the new day because_______ .A. it is just east of the International Date LineB. it is just west of the International Date LineC. it is located halfway between the equator and the South PoleD. it is located in the Southern Pacific Ocean4. A fault line runs the length of New Zealand, which means that _______.A. it often has stormsB. it often has volcanoesC. it often has earthquakesD. it often has droughts5. The Southern Alps, with Mt Cook in the center, runs almost the whole length of ______ .A. New ZealandB. North IslandC. South IslandD. Stewart Island6. The longest river in New Zealand is ________ .A. the Clutha RiverB. the WanganuiC. the RangitataD. the Waikato7. The following are the volcanic mountains in North Island except ________ .A. RuapehuB. Mt CookC. NgaurohoeD. Tongariro8. The most serious potential natural disasters in New Zealand are _______ .A. storms and earthquakesB. volcanoes and floodsC. earthquakes and volcanoesD. floods and storms9. Except in the west of the Southern Alps, the climate in New Zealand is generally _______ .A. coldB. hotC. neither very hot nor very coldD. dry10. _______ is the flightless bird which has become a symbol of New Zealand.A. EmuB. KiwiC. WekaD. Pukeko11. The first European to visit New Zealand was _______ .A. KupeB. Abel TasmanC. William HobsonD.James Cook12. Why was the British government interested in New Zealand?A. Trade with New Zealand was economically important.B. There were no laws to protect Maori rights in dealings with white settlers.C. The French government was taking an interest in New Zealand, too.D. All of the above.13. Modern New Zealand was founded on the basis of _____ signed between Maoris and British settlers in 1840.A. MaoritangaB. AotearoaC. the Treaty of WaitangiD. the Treaty of ANZUS14. ________ is the Maori name for New Zealand, meaning land of the long, white cloud'.A. WaitangiB. KiwiC. AotearoaD. Maoritanga15. The Maori believe that their ancestors, and all living things in theworld, were descended from _______ .A. the skyB. the landC. the GodD. the gods16. According to Maori oral history, New Zealand was discovered by _______.A. Abel TasmanB. James CookC. KupeD. Maui17. In 1893 New Zealand became the first country in the world _______ .A. to recognize Maori rights of self-determinationB. go give women the voteC. to introduce procedures for handling industrial disputesD. to adopt the 40-hour working week18. In 1891-1911 (under the Liberal-Labor Party) and 1935-1947 (under Labor) New Zealand won a world reputation of _______.A. its social experimentationB. its high standard of livingC. its economic achievementsD. its independent foreign policy19. Which of the following is not true about the Maori protest movement?A. It is popular with younger urban Maoris.B. It aims to gain recognition for their language, values and culturein national life.C. It demands compensation for their language, values and culture innational life.D. The New Zealand government has never paid any attention to the movement.20. Maoris have adopted many aspects of ______ and more and more New Zealanders now share in the rich heritage of _______.A. American culture/Asian cultureB. Western culture/Asian cultureC. American culture/Maori cultureD. Western culture/Maori culture1. B2. B3.B4.C5.C6.A7.B8.C9.C 10.B 11.B 12.D 13.C 14.C 15.D 16.C17.B 18.A 19.D20.D。

2010年自考英语《英语国家概况》冲刺练习附答案(十三)1. Conflicts arose between the United States and the Soviet Union because___.A. their common enemies Nazi Germany and Japan were defeatedB. They had very different concepts of postwar world orderC. the United States wanted cooperation with the Soviet Union but theSoviet Union refused.D. the soviet Union wanted cooperation with the United States but theUntied States refused2. The idea of containment was first brought up by ______.A. Harry TrumanB. Franklin D. RooseveltC. MarshallD. George Kennan3. The essence of the Truman Doctrine was ______.A. to provide economic and military support for any country which wasfighting internal Communist rebels or external Communist pressureB. to provide aid for Greece and Turkey which were fighting againstCommunismC. to provide economic aid to needy countriesD. to give moral support to the struggle of free people4. As a result of American economic aid under the Marshall Plan, WesternEurope _____.A. managed to tie over the difficult years in the late 1940sB. succeeded in solving the food problemC. recovered from war destruction and its economy began to developD. became prosperous5. It was _____ which started the Berlin blockade.A. the Soviet UnionB. the United StatesC. BritainD. France6. Why did the United States decide to go ahead and set up a separate Germanstate?A. Because the United States wanted to rearm the Germans.B. Because only in this way could German economy be reinvigorated.C. Because the United States realized it was impossible to have aunified Germany under American influence.D. Because the Soviet Union first set up a separate German state in itsoccupied zone.7. The purpose of Marshall's mediation in China in 1945 and 1946 was ______.A. to support the Kuomintang in starting a civil warB. to pressure the Kuomintang into forming a coalition government withthe Communist Party as an equal partner.C. to bring the two sides together for negotiationsD. to bring the Communist Party into a coalition government dominatedby Kuomintang and put Communist led troops under the command of the coalition government8. The Chinese government changed its timetable of liberation of Taiwan in 1950 because ______.A. the Korean War broke outB. the United States sent the 7th Fleet into the Taiwan Straits.C. the Soviet Union did not support China's liberation of Taiwan thenD. the United States army was approaching the Yalu River9. The Chinese Volunteers crossed the Yalu River and fought side by sidewith the North Koreans until an armistice was signed in ______.A. July 1952.B. July 1953.C. July 1954.D. June 1953.10. President Truman on March 21, 1947 issued an executive order, initiatinga comprehensive investigation of the loyalty of all federal employees.This was the beginning of ______.A. McCarthyismB. Clearing out Soviet spiesC. widespread persecution of Communists and progressive peopleD. persecution of federal employees11. The trial of Alger Hiss proved ______.A. that he was a Soviet spyB. that he did not tell the truth in courtC. that he provided Soviet agent with secret information on atomicweaponD. None of the above12. The Supreme Court played a role in whipping up the anticommunist hysteria by ______.A. upholding the constitutionality of the Smith ActB. convicting 11 high-ranking Communist leadersC. supporting the trial of Alger HissD. supporting President Truman's executive order13. What did the Little Rock Incident refer to?A. It referred to a violent outburst of a thousand white in Clinton,Tennessee against school desegregation.B. It referred to an incident in Alabama in opposition to Supreme Courtdecision on school desegregation.C. It referred to Arkansas governor's use of state National Guard toprevent African-American students from going to an all white schoolin Little Rock and Federal government intervention to carry outcourt decision.D. It referred to Arkansas governor's use of state National Guard toprevent African-American students from going to an all white schoolin Little Rock.14. The pillar industries for the postwar economic boom were ______.A. information, space and biotechnologyB. textile, automobile and constructionC. defense, information and housingD. automobile, housing and defense15. During the Cuban Missile Crisis, there was ______ a nuclear war.A. little danger ofB. grave danger ofC. real intention forD. earnest preparation for16. When ______,this was the beginning of American involvement in Vietnam.A. the United States decided to provide France with military aid intheir fight in VietnamB. the United States started to provide aid for the South Vietnamese government after the Geneva Conference in 1854C. the United States sent more and more military advisers to SouthVietnamD. the United States began to Americanize the war in Vietnam17. The Paris Agreement was signed by the U.S. and North Vietnam in Jan. 1973 and the fall of Saigon was in ______.A. April, 1973B. April, 1975C. Jan, 1975D. None of the above18. The conditions the People's Republic of China set for the establishmentof diplomatic relations with the United States were ______.A. the withdrawal of the 7th Fleet from the straits and the end ofdiplomatic relations with TaiwanB. the cancellation of the mutual defense treaty and the end ofdiplomatic relations with Taiwan.C. the stop of 7th Fleet patrol in Taiwan straits, the cancellation ofthe mutual defense treaty and the end of diplomatic relations withTaiwanD. the withdrawal of all military forces from Taiwan, the cancellationof the mutual defense treaty and the end of diplomatic relationswith Taiwan19. New Frontier and War on Poverty were programs initiated by ______.A. President KennedyB. President JohnsonC. Presidents Kennedy and Johnson respectivelyD. Presidents Johnson and Kennedy respectively20. The Watergate Scandal refers to ______.A. the break-in at the Watergate apartment-office complex inWashington,D. C.B. the break-in and Nixon's secret tapingC. the break-in, the cover up and Nixon's involvement in the cover upD. Nixon's resignationI. B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.B 9.B 10.C11.D 12.A 13.C 14.D 15.B 16.A 17.B 18.D 19.C 20.C。

《英语国家概况》复习题及参考答案一Multiple choice ( 30’)( ) 1 As a result of the Black Death, much land was left untended and there was a terrible shortage of ___ in England.A grainB farm toolsC housesD labor( ) 2 In the late 17th century, two of most famous literary works were Pilgrim’s Progress and _________ .A the Jew of MaltaB the School of ArcheryC Novum OrganumD Paradise Lost( ) 3. In 1836, a group of skilled workers and _____ formed the London Working Men’s Association.A householdersB tenantsC small shopkeepersD office workers( ) 4. In the Industrial Revolution, changes occurred earliest and quickest in the industry of ______.A. pottery B hardware C textiles D chemicals( ) 5. In Britain police officers are not allowed to join ________ or to go on strike.A a choirB a political partyC a trade unionD a club( ) 6 The Great Carter of 1215 is also known as _________.A People’s CharterB Magna CartaC King’s CharterD the Declaration of human rights( ) 7 Henry Ⅱwas the first king of the ________ dynasty.A MalcolmB PlantagenetC WindsorD Tudor( ) 8. __________ is the most typically English of sportsA CricketB GolfC TennisD Horse-racing( ) 9. By the Treaty of ______ of 1842, China ceded _______ to Britain.A Nanjing, Hong KongB Tianjing, Hong KongC Nanjing, MacauD Tianjing, Macau( ) 10. In _______, the name Great Britain came into being.A 1689B 1702C 1701D 1707( ) 11. The serious economic crisis in the late 1920s and the beginning of 1930s was first brought about by ___.A the farm failureB the bank failuresC the stock market crashD the high unemployment( ) 12．What are the problems that the U.S. economy has faced from time to time?A InflationB DepressionsC RecessionsD all of the above( ) 13．The real American literature began________.A after the war of IndependenceB after the Westward MovementC after the Civil WarD after the Civil Rights Movement( ) 14. In 1900, the United States ranked first in the production of ____ .A coalB electricityC oilD wheat( ) 15. In the United States, if the parents don’t send their children to school at certain age, ________ .A the state government will be responsible for itB they will educate the children themselvesC they can save a lot of moneyD they are breaking the law( ) 16. The U.S. and China established their diplomatic relations in _____.A 1974B 1972C 1978D 1979( ) 17 In his inaugural speech, ______ said that “the only thing we have to fear is fear itself.”A Woodrow WilsonB Theodore RooseveltC Franklin D. RooseveltD George Washington( ) 18. One of the characteristics of the American people is _______ and it is said they are always ______.A liberty, debatingB aggressiveness, starting warsC mobility, on the moveD greediness, making money( ) 19. Hemingway’s most famous masterpiece was ______.A The Sun Also RisesB A Farewell to ArmsC For Whom the Bell TollsD Old Man and the Sea( ) 20. The system of higher education in the U. S. has three principle functions except ____-.A teachingB researchC public serviceD individual servicefollowing statements are T (true) or F (false) according to what you have learned. (10’)( ) 1 There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: Scotland, Wales and England.( ) 2 Under William’s rule, the freeman were at the bottom of the feudal system.( ) 3 The English Civil War is also called the Glorious Revolution.( ) 4 In U.K, a Parliament has a maximum duration of 4 years.( ) 5 Christmas Day, December 25th, celebrates the birth of Christ, and is the greatest of Christian festivals. ( ) 6 Chicago is known as the automobile capital of the world.( ) 7 Between 1850 and1880, many early Chinese immigrants to the United States worked in the mining industry, especially in the gold mines.( ) 8 The Pilgrims built a colony named Plymouth after they arrived in America.( ) 9. The longest war that the United States has fought is the Civil War.( ) 10. Higher education in the U.S consists of six types of institutions.三Fill in the following blanks: (10’)1 In 1066, England was conquered by the _____________ who were led by William the Conqueror.2 The greatest writer in the English language is ____________________ .3 In criminal trials in Britain, the issue of guilt or innocence is to be decided by the ________ while sentence is to be passed by the _______________ .4 The dominant broadcasting corporation in Britain is ____________, which is controlled by the state.5 The most famous leader of the American Civil Rights movement in the 1960s was ______________________.6 The U.S. system of government has two layers of rule. They are the ___________ government and the ______ government.7. The National Day of the United States is ______.8 Between 1946 and 1961, more than 63 million babies were born in the United States, who were known as the ______________ generation.四Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. (30’)1 What is the official name of Britain?2 What were the main causes of the Hundred Years’War?3 What are the primary sources of British law?4 How was the 1920s in the United States described by many historians?5 What is the meaning of the “Lost Generation”?6. What were the two guiding principles underlying America diplomatic activities in World War Two?7. What are the three periods as far as the evolution the British economy since the Second World War is concerned?8. What kind of economic system does the United States have?9. Why is education very important to Americans?10. What does the British Parliament consist of?五Explain each of the following terms in English. ( 10’)1 Thanksgiving Day2 the Civil Rights Act of 1964六Write between 100-120 words on EITHER of the following topics. ( 10’)1. What is Thatcherism and what are the major components of Thatcherism?2.In what sense was the War of 1812 important to the development of the United States?参考答案一 1 DDCCC 6 BBAAD 11 CDAAD 16 DCCDD二 1 TFFFT 6 FTTFT三 1 Norman 2 Shakespeare 3 jury judge 4 BBC 5 Martin Luther King6 Federal State7 4, July8 baby boom四1 The official name of Britain is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Nortain Ireland.2 Tthe main causes of the Hundred Years’ War were partly territorial and partly economic.3 The primary sources of British law are: (1) Statutes of Parliament; (2) common law; (3) equity law; (4) European Community law.4 The 1920s in the United States has been described by many historians as a period of material success and spiritual frustration or confusion and purposelessness.5 The “Lost Generation refers to those who are both physically and spiritu ally impotent.6 The first was to win the war; the second was to establish a postwar political structure in accord with American interests and to prevent the Soviet Union from over-expansion.7 (1) Steady development in the 50s and 60s;(2) Economic recession in the 70s;(3) Economic recovery in the 80s.8 The United state has a free-market economy with a dominant private sector.9. Because it contributes to developing the national strength and personal success.10 The British Parliament consists of the Sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons.五1 Thanksgiving Day is a typical American holiday. It is an annual day of thanks for the blessings people have enjoyed during the year. The theme of thanksgiving has been peace and plenty, health and happiness.2 The Civil Rights Act of 1964 It was signed into law by President Jonson in 1964. It outlawed discrimination not only in public housing, but also in employment on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. 六1：The election of 1979 returned the Conservative Party to power and Margaret Thatcher became the first woman prime minister in Britain. Her policies are popularly referred to as Thatcherism. It included:(1) the return to private ownership of state-owned industries;(2) the use of monetarist polices to control inflation;(3) the weakening of trade union;(4) the strengthening of the role market forces in the economy;(5) an emphasis on law and order.2 The war, however, had great impact on the development of the United States.（1）The war made people realize the importance of a strong national government.（2）The war strengthened the feeling of national unity and patriotism.（3）For almost 10 years after the war, the Americans turned their attention to the development of the western part of the continent.（4）It made both Britain and Unites States realize that their disputes should be solve through negotiation..Please write any three of the 13 colonies the British established along the east coast of North America between 1607 and 1733.。

英语国家概况练习题《英语国家概况》英国部分练习题（1-2章）第一章 Land and People 考题I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts：1. The British Isles are made up of________ A. two large islands and hundreds of small ones B. two large islands and Northern Ireland C. three large islands and hundreds of small ones D. three large islands and Northern Ireland2. There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain. They are_______A. Britain， Scotland and WalesB. England， Scotland and WalesC. Britain， Scotland and IrelandD. England， Scotland and Ireland3. The Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent countries______A. that have a large number of British immigrantsB. that fought on the side of Britain in the two world warsC. that speak English as their native languageD. that were once colonies of Britain4. About a hundred years ago， as a result of imperialist expansion，Britain ruled an empire that had one fourth of the world's people and ______of the world's land area.A. one thirdB. one fifthC. one fourthD. two fifths答案：选择： 1.A 2.B 3.D 4.C1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.2. 1949，Dublin 简答1.What are the differences between Britain and the British Isles，Great Britain， England， the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth？The British Isles， Great Britain and England are geographical names，no the official names of the country， while the official name is the United Kingdom， but the full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The British Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. 2. Describe the geographical position of Britain？Britain is an island country. It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east.3.Whereabouts in Great Britain are mostly highland and lowland？ The north and west of Britain are mainly highland， while the south and south-east are mostly lowlands.4. Does Britain have a favorable climate？ Why？Yes， it has a favorable climate， because it has a maritime type of climate——winters are mild， not too cold and summers are cool， not too hot. It has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year. It has a small range of temperature， too.5. What are the factors which influence the climate in Britain？ Which part of Britain has the most rainfall and which part is the driest？ The factors which influence the climate in Britain are the following three： 1） The surrounding waters balance the seasonal differences； 2） The prevailing south-west winds bring warm and wet air in winter and keep the temperatures moderate；3） The North Atlantic Drift， a warm current， passes the western coast of the British Isles and warms them.The northwestern part has the most rainfall， while the south-eastern corner is the driest.6. Describe the distribution of Britain's population.Britain has a population of 57 million. It is densely populated， with an average of 237people per square kilometer. It is also very unevenly distributed， with 90%of the population in urban areas， 10% in rural areas. Geographically， most British people live in England. Of the total of 57 million people， 47 million live in England； 14 million live in London and Southeastern England.7. What are the three natural zones in Scotland？The three natural zones in Scotland are： the Highlands in the north，the central Lowlands， and the southern Uplands.8. What is the difference between the ancestors of the English and Scots， Welsh and Irish？The ancestors of the English are Anglo-Saxons， while the Scots， Welsh and rash are Celts.9. What are the differences in character and speech between southern England and northern England？ How do the Welsh keep their language and culture alive？The Welsh are emotional and cheerful people. The Scots are hospitable，generous and friendly. Irish are known for their charm and vivacity as well as for the beauty of their Irish girls. Throughout the year they have festivals of song and dance and poetry called Eisteddfodau. On these occasions competitions are held in Welsh poetry， music， singing and art and in this way they keep the Welsh language and Welsh culture alive. 10. What is the main problem in Northern Ireland？Hundreds of years ago Scots and English Protestants were sent to live in Northern Ireland. Since then there has been bitter fighting between the Protestants and the Roman Catholics. The former are the dominantgroup， while the latter are seeking more social， political and economic opportunities. The British Government and the government of Ireland are now working together to bring peace to Northern Ireland.Arrival and settlement of the CeltsBasis of modern English race： the Anglo-Saxons The Viking and Danish invasions King Alfred and his contributions The Norman Conquest and its consequences1 The earliest invasion of England is that by _____.A. the IberianB. the DanesC. the CeltsD. the Anglo-Saxons2 the Celts religion was _____.A. ChristianityB. DruidismC. Norman beliefD. Roman Catholic3 the Anglo-Saxons brought _____ religion to Britain. A. Christian B. Druid C. Roman Catholic D. Teutonic4 The Anglo-Saxons established _____ system， whereby the lord of the manor collected taxes and organized the local army.A. salveB. feudalC. manorial（采邑制度）D. Capitalistic5. The Anglo-Saxons created the _____ to advise the king， the basis of the Privy Council.A. SynodB. Witan（议会）C. Whit byD. Shirt court6. ______ was known as “the father of the British navy”。

I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answer to the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (50 points, I point for each)1.The average rainfall in Britain is over _B__ mm.A. 7000B. 1000C. 500D.8002.The British Isles are made up of _A_A. two large islands and hundreds of small onesB. two large islands and Northern IrelandC. three large islands and hundreds of small onesD. three large islands and Northern Ireland3.The word Heptarchy is used to describe the situation in England in the 6th century when _B_A. the country was divided into severn kingdomsB. the country was was fighting against invadersC.troops of invaders arrived in large numbersD.many warlords were fighting each other4.The feudal system was completely estabished under _A__ after the ____ in 1066.A.William, Norman ConquestB.Alfred the Great , Anglo-Saxon ConquestC.the Dane, arrival of the DaneD.the Celts, arrival of Pane5.Alfred the Great was the King of_B/C__A. SussexB.EssexC.EssexD.Mercia6.The _D_ established kingdom in Essex, Sussex and Wessex.A. NormansB.JutesC.VikingsD.Saxons7.Magna Carta has long been regarded as the foundation of English B___A.legal systemB.libertiesC.political systemD.culture and value8.In Britain, the First Civil War was fought between the Roundheads who were the parliamentary soldiers led by __B_, and the Cavaliers who were King Charles's supporters.A.John LilburneB.Oliver CromwellC.Prince RupertD.William Joyee9.The religious reform in England in the 16th century was to _A__ and to make ___Church of England.A.cut connections with the Pope, an independentB. establish connection with the Pope, a CatholicC.establish new relations with the Pope, a RoyalD.alter theology in every way, revolutionary10.Simon de Montfort asked each country to send __B_ and each town to send __ to the Great Council.A. two representatives, two knightsB.two knights, two representativesC.two lords, two bishopsD.two barons, two merchants11.Britain joined the European Economic Community in _D_A. 1957B.1960C.1985D.197312.The English Renaissance was largly _D__A.religiousB.ideologicalC.philosophicalD.Literary13.The Hundred Year's War with France was fought _BA.from 1327 to 1453B. from 1337 to 1453C.from 1347 to 1453D.from 1357 to 145314.The Treaty of Nanjing gave _C__ to Britain in 1842.A. NanjingB.ZhejiangC.HongKongD.Guangzhou15.Queen Elizabeth's religious reform was based on B___ views.A.radicalB. a compromise ofC.popularD.traditional16.In the Untied Kingdom, the party which wins the _B__ number of seats in the House of Commons becomes the official Opposition.rgestB.second largestC.third largestD.fourth largest17.The British media have many important functions. Which of the following is an exception？BA.They supply people with news,keeping them informed about what is happending in the world.B.They make huge profit by publishing advertisementsC.They promote culture and educationD.They provide entertainment.18.In Britain, the First Civil War was fought between the Roundheads who were the parliamentary soldiers led by _B__ , and the Cavaliers who were King Charles's supporters.A. John LilburneB.Oliver CromwellC.Prince RupertD.William Joyce19.In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can _A__ by law.A. receive completely free educationB. receive parly free educationC . receive no free education if their families are richD. receive no free education at all20.One of the characteristics of the American people is__B_A. silenceB.mobilityC.discriminationD.selfishness21.The "first Americans" were the _C_A. white immigrantsnsC.IndiansD.English colonists22.In September 1774, __B__was held in Philadelphia, which encouraged Americans to refuse to buy British goods.A. the First US CongressB.the First Contiental CongressC.the Second Continental CongressD.the Constitution Convention23.By the year of 2050, American population is expected to climb to _D__A.256 millionB. 275 millionC. 300 millionD.383 million24.The United States is by far the __A_ indutrial country in the world.A. biggestB.second biggestC.third biggestD.fourth biggest25.The United States joined in the Second World War after the _D__ incident in __.A. Lugouchiao, 1937B.German invasion, 1939C.Nazi, 1942D.Pearl Harbour,194126.The __B_ refers to the higher birth rate in American between 1946 and 1961.A.population growthB.baby boomC.Beat GenerationD.population explosion27.In America, the New Right did not opposed D___A.abortionB.affirmative actionC.tax risingcation28.In 1972, President B___visited China and the two countries issued the ___A. Nixon, Shanghai StatementB.Nixon, Shanghai CommuniqueC.Carter, Shanghai CommuniqueD.Reagan, Shanghai Declaration29.After World War II, the official policy of the United States towards the Soviet Union was _D_A. peaceful coexistenceB.peaceful competitionC. fight and struggleD.the containment policy30.In the early 1930s, the Ameican foreign policy was _D_A. expansionistB.involvementC.appeasementD.isolationist31.The Puritans believed that high position and achievements were signs of __A_ From God.A. eternal graceB. original sinC.people's final goalD.a happy soul32.The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution are known as the _D__A.First TenB.Great AmendmentsC.Ten ChangesD.Bill of Rights33.Before the American Civil War, public feeling agaisnt slavery was increased by Harriet Stowe's novel__BA.RootsB.Uncle Tom's CabinC.American TragedyD.Shame of America34.The largest producer of steel in the United States in the early years of the 20th century was _C__A. Ford CorporationB.the Steel MillC.the United States Steel CorporationD.the West Union Corporation35.Only __D_ has the power to interpret the U. S. Constitution.A．CongressB．The SenateC．The House of RepresentativesD．The Supreme Court36.The lowest level of the U.S.federal judiciary is made up of _B_now.A. 50 state courtsB.91 district courtsC.89 district courtsD.11 circuit courts37.There have been _A_ periods in the development of American political parties in the United States.A.fourB.threeC.fiveD.two38.The biggest and best-loved holiday in the United States is __DA. New Year's DayB.Independence DayC.Thanksgiving DayD.Christmas Day39.___D is considered as Earnest Hemingway's masterpiece.A. The Sun Also RisesB. A Farewell to ArmaC.For Whom the Bell TollsD.Old Man and the Sea40.Public education in the United States covers _D__ years.A. sixB.sixteenC.tenD.twelve41.The population of Ireland in 1990 was estimated at _A__ million, and was expected to reach ___ million by 2000.A. 3,4B.5,6C. 7,8D.9,1042.In _B_ the Parliament Act was passed, severely limiting the powers of the lords and establishing the Commons as the supreme legislative body.A. 1910B. 1911C. 1912D.191343.Nearly _C_ of the land in Canada has no permanent population.A. 68%B.79%C.89%D.98%44.The law which granted the people of Quebec rights as French Canadians was known as _B_A. the Canada Act of 1791B. the Quebec Act of 1774C. the 1763 Treaty of ParisD.the Hudson Bay Treaty45.The bare, thinly -populated region of Northern Canada takes up C___ of the country.A. halfB.one thirdC.four fifthsD.25%46.In Australia _B_ has the country's richest farmland and best graing land.A.the Great Western PlateauB.the Central Eastern LowlandsC.the Eastern HighlandsD.the Outback47.New South Wales is __A of Australia.A. the oldest stateB.the second largest cityC.the capitalD.the biggest territory48.New Zealand is __A_ and its capital is ___A. in the Southern Pacific Ocean, WellingtonB.in the Indian Ocean, WellingtonC.in the Atlantic Ocean, AucklandD.in the southern Pacific Ocean, Auckland49.A fault line runs the length of New Zealand, which means that it often has_C__A. floodsB.volcanic eruptionsC.earthquakesD.droughts50.New Zealand was the world's first country to _B__in 1893.A. establish trade unionsB.give women the voteC. start compulsory educationD.provide free medical serviceII. Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following question. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet (30 points, 3 points for each)51.What did Henry VIII do in his religious reform?He got rid of the English Church's connection with the Pope. He made an independent Church of England. He dissolved all of England's monasteries and numeries. He made himself Supreme Head of the church of England.52.What is the big event that happened in England in 1066?In 1066, England was conquered by the Norman who were led by William.53.What is the difference between an academic high school and a technical high school? An academic high school only aims at preparing students for college while a technical school provides students for a varity of occupations and vocation.54.What agreement did Amercia and Britain sign in 1783 by which Britain recognized the Independence of the United States?Treaty of Paris55.What is the most typical American holiday that was started by the Pilgrims? Thanksgiving Day56.What are America's three cornerstones of the postwar economic boom from 1945 to 1960?Automobile, housing , and defence industries57.What are the two layers of rule in the U.S.system of government？Federal , state58.What are the official languages in Ireland?There are two official languages in Ireland, They are English and Irish.59.How many provinces and territories in Canada made up of?It is made up of ten provinces and two territories.60.Why in New Zealand considered to be the first country to get the new day?Because it lies just west of the International Date Line and it has one time zone.Ш Explain each of the following terms in English. Write yore- answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words. (20 points, 5 points for each)61.Bloody MaryDuring Queen Mary's reign, at least 300 Protestants were burnt as heretics. People call her "Bloody Mary".62.Checks and BalancesIt is a system used by the U.S. Constitution . According to the checks and balances system powers are diveded among government branches and these branches check each other.63.The three waves fo immigration to AmericaThe first big wave of immigration to Amerian was between 1810-1854, the second between 1860-1890, and the third between 1890-1914.64.Black Thursday of 1929Black Thursday refered to October 24, 1929, the day when the stock market in the United States collapsed. Tens of millions of shares were dumped on the market and billions of dollars of paper profit were wipe out within a few hours.。

2010年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语国家概况试题课程代码：00522请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question，four suggested answers marked A，B，C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(50 points，1 point for each)1.____C_______of 1066 is perhaps the best-known event in English history, in which William，the Conqueror confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his followers.A. The Roman Conquest 罗马B. The Anglo-Saxon ConquestC. The Norman Conquest诺曼征服D. The Celt Conquest2.As a result of the Black Death，___C________.A. all land was left untendedB. no labor was required any longerC. 1and owners tended to change from arable to sheep-farmingD. surviving peasants were not able to bargain about their wages3.Which of the following statements about Elizabeth I(1 55 8-1 603)is true? BA. Elizabeth was 35 when she came to the throne.B. Elizabeth remained single.C. Elizabeth was not able to work with Parliament.D. Her reign was a time of diminishing English nationalism.4. _____D______ was not in the“Allies” in the First World War.A. BritainB. FranceC. RussiaD. Turkey5.The English Civil War is also called _____B______ .A. the Revolutionary WarB. the Puritan RevolutionC. the ReformationD. the Renaissance6.The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The head of State is a king or a queen .In practice，_____B______.A. Parliament rules the countryB. the Sovereign reigns but does not ruleC. the Sovereign rules but does not reignD. the Prime Minister rules and reigns7.In January,1973，Britain finally became a full member of the_____C______，which was established by the Treaty of Rome in 1957.A. Organization of Economic Cooperation and DevelopmentB. Organization of European DevelopmentC. European Economic CommunityD. European Union8.The____D_______refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequent changes in social economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.A. UrbanizationB. Economic BoomC. Glorious RevolutionD. Industrial Revolution9.The major Christian festivals in Britain are_________B__ .A. Christmas, Easter and Mother’s DayB. Christmas, Easter and Whit SundayC. Christmas，Guy Fawkes Day and St. Patrick’s DayD. Christmas，Whit Sunday and St. George’s Day10.The Commonwealth of Nations is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. At present there are ____C_______ countries within the Commonwealth (1991).A. 30B. 40C. 50D. 6011.Among the three tribes of the Celts coming to Britain, the most industrious and vigorous of the Celtic tribes was the _____C______ .A. GaelsB. BrythonsC. BelgaeD. Vikings12.Political change in England came mainly through______A_____.A. gradual reformB. revolutionC. people’s uprisingsD. working class movement13.The two parties that have held power in Britain since 1945 are _____B_____ .A. the Democratic Party and the Republican PartyB. the Conservative Party and the Labor PartyC. the Labor Party and the Social Democratic PartyD. the Labor Party and the Democratic Party14.______C_____’s reign was a time of confident English nationalism and of great achievements in literature and other arts. in exploration and in battle.A. MaryB. Henry VIIIC. E1izabeth ID. Charles II15.After the Restoration，Parliament passed a series of severe laws called _____C_______against the Puritans，now known as Nonconformists.A. Agreement of the PeopleB. the Petition of the RightC. the Clarendon CodeD. the Act of Supremacy16.Which statement about the“Wars of Roses”is NOT true? BA. The king’s power now became supreme.B. Ordinary people were seriously affected.C. The wars were waged intermittently for 30 years.D. From these wars feudalism received its death blow.1 7.The finest exponents of Elizabethan drama in the English Renaissance were ___D________ .A. Ben Johnson，Christopher Marlowe and Charles DickensB. Edmund Spenser, Charles Dickens and William ShakespeareC. William Shakespeare, Ben Johnson and Charles DickensD. William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe and Ben Johnson18.The Chartist movement was the first nationwide ____A_______ movement.A. working classB. lower middle classC. upper middle classD. upper class19._______A_______led the U.K. to final victory in the Second World War.A. Winston ChurchillB. Neville ChamberlainC. Tony BlairD. William Gladstone20.Which statement about the religion in Britain is true? CA. Every person in Britain may change his religion，but with difficulty.B. Every person may not manifest his faith in teaching，worship and observance.C. Every person has the right to religious freedom without interference from the community or the State.D. Churches and religious societies of any kind cannot own property and propagate their beliefs in speeches and writing.21.In the late 15th century, Christopher Columbus，a(n)_____C______navigator, led his men to sail across the vast ocean and reached some small islands in the now West Indies.A. FrenchB. SpanishC. ItalianD. English22.American troops defeated the British at______A_____ in Northern New York. This was agreat turning point of the American War of Independence，leading directly to an alliance between the U.S. and France.A. SaratogaB. TrentonC. LexingtonD. Yorktown23.In 1787，delegates from the states held a meeting in Philadelphia to make the Articles of Confederation adequate. The meeting came to be called the ______C_____ .A. First Continental CongressB. Second Continental CongressC. Constitutional ConventionD. Independent Convention24.Which of the following is NOT among President Theodore Roosevelt’s contributions? DA. The implementation of the Sherman Anti-trust Act.B. The initiation of large-scale irrigation projects.C. The adoption of the Hepburn Act of 1906.D. The passage of the Federal Reserve Act.25.______C_____Was the beginning of a long economic depression in the U.S. in 1929.A. Business bankruptcyB. Serious unemploymentC. The stock market crashD. Foreclosures26.During the Second World War, American wartime objectives were the total destruction of______A_____ powers and the establishment of a world order.A. AxisB. AsianC. AlliedD. European27.In 1932，in the depth of the depression，the American people chose ____B_______ as their next president who promised to get the U.S. out of the depression.A. Theodore RooseveltB. Franklin D. RooseveltC. Woodrow WilsonD. Herbert C. Hoovercation was made a function of the state under the ____A_______Amendment to the US Constitution.A. TenthB. EleventhC. TwelfthD. Thirteenth29.McCarthyism was a full-scale ___D________hysteria in the United States in the 1950s.A. pro-NaziB. anti-FascistC. pro-CommunistD. anti-Communist30.On June 5，1947，__B_________suggested that the US should offer economic aid to Western Europe so as to protect the region from Soviet expansion.A. George KennanB. George Marshall马歇尔C. Dwight EisenhowerD. James F. Byrnes31.A decision to set up a world organization，the United Nations，was made at_____A______.A. Yalta ConferenceB. Potsdam ConferenceC. Teheran ConferenceD. Paris Conference32.The safeguards against abuse of powers in the United States come in the form of____A_______.A. separation of powersB. executive ordersC. presidential electionsD. judicial reviews33.______D____Was meant to guarantee the blacks and others the right to vote.A. Emancipation Proclamation in 1863B. The Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution in 1865C. The Civil Rights Act of 1964D. The Voting Rights Act of 196534.Woman obtained voting right from the____C_______ Amendment to the Constitution.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th35.Of the four kinds of high schools，_____B______ones only aim to prepare students for college.A. comprehensiveB. academicC. vocationalD. technical36.There have been____C______ periods in the development of American political parties inthe United States.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. five37.The 1920s in the United States has been described by many historians as a period of_____B______.A. material failureB. spiritual frustrationC. political setbacksD. welfare reform38.______A_____is the largest single source of goods imported by the U.S.，accounting for nearly30％of the total.A. CanadaB. MexicoC. JapanD. European Union39.Mark Twain’s masterwork was ____D_______ .A. The Scarlet LetterB. Leaves of GrassC. The Sketch BookD. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn40.In the early part of the 19th century，____D_______was the center of American writing.A. BostonB. PhiladelphiaC. ChicagoD. New York City41.Tourist trade is important in economy in ______B_____with rich green mountains and valleys.A. British ColumbiaB. Atlantic provincesC. the Canadian-ShieldD. St. Lawrence-Great Lakes provinces42.Which of the following about Canada in World War I is NOT true? AA. It founded its navy to enter World War I.B. It took a seat as a member of the League of Nations.C. It won the right to sign the Peace Treaty of 1919 in its own name.D. It has found its place among the nations of the world since World War I.43.Generally speaking，Canada can be divided into_____D______ geographical regions.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six44.Which of the following statements about Australia is true? BA. It is the world’s fifth largest country and is surrounded by sea.B. It is the smallest and the only continent that contains only one country.C. It is a continent that contains only Australia and New Zealand.D. It is the world’s smallest continent and the world’s fourth largest country.45.The first Australian colony, established by Britain in 1788 and called the premier state，is ____D_______ .A. VictoriaB. TasmaniaC. QueenslandD. New South Wales46.The Australian political division borders are drawn_____A______.A. along straight lines of latitude and longitudeB. along rivers and forestsC. along mountain rangesD. along natural features47.The only native mammals in New Zealand are______B_____.A. rabbitsB. batsC. opossumsD. goats48.A chain of mountains runs almost the whole length of South Island in New Zealand. The highest peak is_____B_____.A. Mt RuapehuB. Mt CookC. Mt NgaurohoeD. Mt Tongariro49.One of the four unusual demographic features of Ireland is_____B______.A. an early marriage ageB. an excess of males in the populationC. a low proportion of bachelors and spinsters of all agesD. a high birthrate compounded by a century of emigration50.Migration in Ireland declined sharply____D_______.A. during WWIB. in recent yearsC. in the early decades of the 20th centuryD. after the establishment of the Irish Free StateII.Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(30 points，3 points for each)51.What is the Magna Carta also known as?52.Who has the power to declare war and make peace in the U.K.?53.What are the three political divisions on the island of Great Britain?54.When was the Declaration of Independence adopted?55.What foreign policy did the American government pursue in the early 1930s?56.What are Conglomerates in the USA?57.Where is the name“Canada”believed to have come from?58.Why does Great Britain have the greatest influence upon Australia?59.What is Maoritanga?60.What was the consequence of the the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921?III.Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words.(20 points，5 points for each)61.the House of Commons62.English feudal system63.the U.S. two-party system64.the New Deal。

《英语国家概况》课程习题集西南科技大学成人、网络教育学院版权所有习题【说明】：本课程《英语国家概况》（编号为12010）共有单选题,名词解释题,简答题,填空题2等多种试题类型，其中，本习题集中有[简答题]等试题类型未进入。

一、单选题1. Celts were different groups of ancient people who came originally from________A. FranceB. DenmarkC. IrelandD. Germany2. Who invaded and conquered Britain for the first time in 55 BC?A. Emperor ClaudiusB. Julius CaesarC. King AlfredD. King Ethelred3. Who is the author of Murder in the Cathedral?A. Christopher MarloweB. T. S. EliotC. Ben JohnsonD. Thomas Becket4.When Oliver Cromwell died in 1658, and was succeeded by his son, ______, the regime began immediately to collapse.A. HenryB. HamiltonC. RichardD. Charles5. The 18th century saw selective breeding of cattle, sheep and houses by _________.A. Jethro TullB. Thomas CokeC. George IIID. Robert Bakewell6. Which of the following is not one of the members of the Lords Temporal?A. all hereditary peers and peeresses of the England, Scotland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom (but not peers of Ireland)B. lire peers created to assist the House in its judicial dutiesC. senior bishops of the Church of EnglandD. all other life peers7. Two years after the ending of the Hundred Years’ War with France, England was thrown into another series of civil wars, ________.A. the War of the CeltsB. Norman ConquestC. the War of the RosesD. Battle of Hastings8. Appeals in criminal cases in England and Wales may NOT be heard by _________.A. the Magistrates' CourtB. the Court of AppealC. the High CourtD. the Crown Court9. Established Churches in Britain are___________.A. Church of England and Churches in WalesB. Church in Wales Church of ScotlandC. The Anglican ChurchesD. Church of England and Church of Scotland10.Apart from a break during the Second World War, the BBC has been providing regular television broadcasts since ___________.A. 1935B. 1936C. 1937D. 193811. The largest river in Ireland is ____________.A. the Shannon RiverB. Liffey RiverC. Macgillicuddy's ReekD. Carrantuohill12.The following farming activities are engaged by farmers in the valleys of Nova Scotia except __________.A. dairyingB. raising animalsC. apple growingD. potato growing13. The Pacific northwest is favored with a _______ climate like that of Britain.A. MediterraneanB. maritimeC. continentalD. subtropical14. The first blacks were brought to North America as ________ in 1619.A. adventurersB. slavesC. servantsD. explorers15. The Declaration of Independence was adopted by the ___ Continental Congress on July 4, ___.A First / 1774 B. First / 1776 C. Second / 1774 D. Second / 177616. The Great Depression was induced by all the following causes but ________.A. stock market speculationB. credit over - expansionC. government involvementD. lack of control over the banking system17. The Norman Conquest of _______ is perhaps the best - known event in English history.A. 1063B. 1064C. 1065D. 106618. ______ ranks the first in the production of apples in the US.A. WashingtonB. KansasC. MichiganD. Wisconsin19. The heads of the various executive departments form a council of advisers generally known as the President's __________.A. Advisory GroupB. Executive OfficeC. Special CommissionD. Cabinet20. The master's degree can normally be earned in ______ year by students holding a bachelor'sdegree in the field of study.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four21. There are ______ political divisions on the island of Great Britain.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four22. Magna Carta had altogether 63 clauses of which the most important matters could be seen in three of the following except _______.A. no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council;B. no serf should be arrested, imprisoned or deprived of his property except by the law of the landC. London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privilegesD. There should be the same weights and measures through - out the country.23. The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor ________ modified and improved the design in 1765.A. Abraham DarbyB. James WattC. John KayD. Richard Arkwright24. In some areas factory farming methods are used, particularly for ________.A. growing cropB. producing milkC. catching fishD. rearing poultry25. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed ______ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.A. Prime MinisterB. Member of ParliamentC. Lord of AppealD. Speaker of the House26. Under the Anglo - Irish Treaty, Britain established _______ with dominion status in Ireland in 1921.A. the Anglican Church of IrelandB. the Irish Free StateC. the Irish Republican ArmyD. the Anglo - Irish Intergovernmental Council27. Irish broadcasting began in ______ in a small studio called Dublin Broadcasting Station.A. 1906B. 1916C. 1926D. 193628. _______ realized that he could win support for the Union at home and abroad by making the war a just war against slavery.A. Frederick DouglassB. George WashingtonC. John AdamsD. Abraham Lincoln29. But even after the abolition of slavery, organized or individual discrimination was practiced against ______.A. Chinese - AmericansB. American IndiansC. Japanese - AmericansD. black Americans30. From 1948 to 1966 average yearly growth in real spendable earnings was ______ percent in the United States.A. 1.1B. 2.1C. 3.1D. 4.131.After a period of prosperity (1920 ~ 1929), government involvement in the economy increased _________.A. during the Great DepressionB. after the WW IC. after the WW IID. during the Cold War32.The United States grows nearly _____ of the world's grain and supplies a half of all the exports of grain in the world.A. one thirdB. one fourthC. one sixthD. one seventh33.Through the Department of _____, the President is responsible for the protection of Americans abroad and of foreign nationals in the United States.A. StateB. JusticeC. LaborD. Defense34. The community college embodies ________ belief that an education should be practical as well as liberal.A. George Washington'sB. Thomas Jefferson'sC. Abraham Lincoln'sD. Franklin Roosevelt's35. The exploratory voyage made by ______ brought to a close to an era of European discovery of Australia that had lasted nearly two hundred years.A. Arthur PhilipB. Mathew FlindersC. Port JacksonD. Peter Lalor36. After the outbreak of the First World War, Australia followed Britain's lead and declared war on ________.A. JapanB. TurkeyC. ItalyD. Germany37. The European discovery of Canada can be traced back to the end of the ______ century.A. 14thB. 15thC. 16thD. 17th38. Northern provinces and territories tale up _____ of Canada.A. halfB. two thirdsC. one thirdD. four fifths39. In New Zealand, hydroelectricity from rivers and dams supplies ________ of total energy.A. 15%B. 16%C. 17%D. 18%40. In the United States, Halloween is night - time ______ holiday.A. children'sB. men'sC. women'sD. old men's41. Soon after _____, Britain not only gave up its economic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of its position of industrial leadership.A. 1900B. the First World WarC. the Second World WarD. 196042. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintained the lowest _____ rate and the highest _____ rate.A. inflation, growthB. growth, inflationC. growth, divorceD. growth, birth43. The following are all reasons of British decline of coal industry except _____.A. the exhaustion of old minesB. costly extractionC. little money being investedD. the labour shortage44.Britain’s foreign trade is mainly with _____.A. developing countriesB. other Commonwealth countriesC. other developed countriesD. EC45. The House of Lords is presided over by _____.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime Minister46. A General Election is held every __ years and there are ___ members of Parliaments are elected.A. five, 600B. five, 650C. five, 651D. four, 65147. The Prime Minister is appointed by _____ and he or she always sits in _____.A. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC. the Queen, the House of CommonsD. the Queen, the House of Lords48. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in _____.A. the QueenB. the CabinetC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons49. The sources of British law include _____.A. statutes, common law, equity law and European Community lawB. statutes, common law and equity lawC. statutes, common law and European Community lawD. a complete code and statutes50.In criminal trials by jury, _____ passes sentenced and _____ decide the issue of guilt or innocence.A. the judge, the juryB. the judge, the judgeC. the jury, the juryD. the Lord Chancellor, the jury51. ____ tries the most serious offences such as murder and robbery.A. Magistrates’ courtsB. Youth courtsC. district courtsD. The Crown Court52.London’s Metropolitan Police Force is under the control of _____.A. the England secretariesB. the Scottish SecretariesC. Northern Ireland SecretariesD. the Home Secretary53.The National Health Service was established in the UK in _____ and based at first on _____.A. 1948, Acts of ParliamentB. 1958, Acts of ParliamentC. 1948, the Bill of RightsD. 1958, the Bill of Rights54. The non-contributory social security benefits include the following except _____.A. war pensionB. child benefitC. family creditD. unemployment benefit55. Except that _____ may not be a Roman Catholic, public offices are open without distinction to members of all churches or of none.A. the lord ChancellorB. the Prime MinisterC. the SpeakerD. the ministers of all departments56. About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population in the UK attend _____.A. independent schoolsB. junior schoolsC. independent schoolsD. primary schools57. There are some ____ universities, including the Open University in U.k..A. 900B. 290C. 90D. 5058. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can _____ by law.A. receive completely free educationB. receive parly free educationC. receive no free education if their families are richD. receive no free education at all59. With regard to its size, the USA is the _____ country in the world.A. largestB. second largestC. third largestD. fourth largest60. In the following rivers, _____ has been called the American Ruhr.A. the MississippiB. the MissouriC. the HudsonD. the Ohio61. Among the following rivers, _____ forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the U.S.A. the PotomacB. the ColumbiaC. the Rio Grande RiverD. the Colorado62. All the following universities and colleges are located in New England, except _____.A. YaleB. HarvardC. OxfordD. Massachusetts Institute of Technology63.The nation’s capital city Washington D.C. and New York are located in _____.A. the American WestB. the Great PlainsC. the MidwestD. the Middle Atlantic States64.The Midwest in America’s most important _____ area.A. agriculturalB. industrialC. manufacturingD. mining industry65. In the case of Brown versus Board of Education, the Supreme Court ruled that _____.A. separate educational facilities had been illegalB. educational facilities had been separate but equalC. educational facilities had been equalD. separate educational facilities were inherently unequal66. The Chinese Exclusion Act was passed in _____.A. 1882B. 1883C. 1900D. 192467. The first immigrants in American history came from ____ and ____.A. Ireland/FranceB. England/ChinaC. Scotland/EnglandD. England/ Netherlands68.Uncle Tom’s Cabin and Roots are two novels which give a vivid description of t he miserable life of the _____.A. early settlersB. PuritansC. native IndiansD. black slaves69.According to American historians and specialists in demography, there are _____ great population movement in the history of the United States.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. five70. Many early Chinese immigrants worked in the mining industry, especially in the _____.A. gold minesB. silver minesC. coal minesD. copper mines71. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by _____.A. James MadisonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Alexander HamiltonD. George Washington72. On July 4, 1776, _____ adopted the Declaration of Independence.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Third Continental CongressD. the Constitutional Convention73. The victory of _____ was the turning point of the War of Independence.A. SaratogaB. GettysburgC. TrentonD. Yorktown74.Ten amendments introduced by James Madison in 1789 were added to the Constitution. They are knows as _____.A. the Articles of ConfederationB. the Bill of RightC. the Civil RightsD. Federalist Papers75.President Jefferson bought _____ from France and doubled the country’s territory.A. New MexicoB. the Louisiana TerritoryC. KansasD. Ohio76. The Declaration of Independence came from the theory of British philosopher _____.A. Paul RevereB. John LockeC. CornwallisD. Frederick Douglass77. During the WWII, the Axis powers were mainly made up by __.A. Germany, France and JapanB. France, Japan and BritainC. Germany, Italy and BritainD. German, Italy and Japan78. The Progressive Movement is a movement demanding government regulation of the _____ and _____ conditions.A. economy/politicalB. social/politicalC. economy/socialD. political/cultural79. As a result of WWI, _____ was not one of the defeated nations.A. GermanyB. Austro-HungaryC. OttomanD. Russia80. The aim of President Roosevelt’s New Deal was to “save American _____.”A. economyB. politicsC. societyD. democracy81. The highest mountain in Britain is ____.A. ScafellB. Ben NevisC. the CotswoldsD. the Forth82. The longest river in Britain is _____.A. the ClydeB. the MerseyC. the SevernD. the Thames83. The largest lake in Britain is _____.A. the Lough NeageB. Windermere WaterC. Coniston WaterD. the Lake District84. Which part of Britain is always fighting?A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northem Ireland85. The immigrants coming to Britain are mainly from _____.A. EuropeB. the United StatesC. AfricaD. the West Indies, Indies and Pakistan86. The first inhabitants in Britain were _____.A. the NormansB. the CeltsC. the IberiansD. the Anglo-Saxons87. British Recorded history began with _____.A. Roman invasionB. the Norman ConquestC. the Viking and Danish invasionD. the Anglo-Saxons invasion88. In 829, _____ actually became the overlord of all the English.A. JohnB. James IC. EgbertD. Henry I89. Christmas Day ____, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A. 1056B. 1066C. 1006D. 106090. Henry II was the first king of the _____ dynasty.A. WindsorB. TudorC. MalcolmD. Plantagenet91. In 1265 ____ summoned the Great Council, which has been seen as the earliest parliament.A. Henry IIIB. the PopeC. BaronsD. Simon de Montfort92.The Hundred Years’ war stated in ____ and was ended in ____, in which the English had lost all the territories of France except the French port of ____.A. 1337, 1453, FlandersB. 1337, 1453, CalaisC. 1346, 1453, ArgencourtD. 1346, 1453, Brest93. The Wars of Roses lasted for _____ years and king _____ was replaced by king _____.A. 30, Richard III, Henry TudorB. 50, Richard III, Henry TudorC. 30, Richard I, Henry TudorD. 50, Richard I, Henry Tudor94. The Renaissance began in ____ in the early ____ century.A. England, 14B. England, 15C. Italy, 14D. Italy, 1595. The English Civil War is also called _____.A. the Glorious RevolutionB. the Bloody RevolutionC. the Catholic RevolutionD. the Puritan Revolution96.In _____, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the New Land.A. 1620, LondonB. 1620, PlymouthC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth97.In the 18th century, there appeared ____ in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois RevolutionC. the Wars of the RosesD. the Religious Reformation98. English colonial expansion began with the colonization of _____ in 1583.A. CanadaB. AustraliaC. IndiaD. Newfoundland99. _____ was famous for his abdication because of his marriage with a divorced American:A. Edward VIIIB. Edward VIIC. George VID. George VII100. In January _____ Britain became a member of the European Economic Community.A. 1957B. 1967C. 1973D. 1979二、名词解释题101. the Church of England102. the Labor Party103.the Hundred Years’ War104. public school105. William the Conqueror106. Whigs and Tories107. the Great Charter108. Oliver Cromwell109. Puritans110. Roman Invasion111. separation of powers112. the Second Continental Congress113. New England114. the Confederate States of America115. WASPs116. comprehensive high school117.the “Second American War of Independence”118. Louisiana Purchase119. the National Security Council120. the Mississippi River三、填空题2121. Britain is separated from the European continent by_____, North Sea and_____.122. The chief ranges in England are the _____, and the ______.123. Some of the large fishing ports in Britain are____, Grimsby and ____.124. Parliament is the supreme legislative authority in Britain and consists of the House of ___, and the House of ____.125. The early settlers on the British Isles were the ___ and ____.126. In 1381, the peasants in ___ rebelled. They were determined to abolish___.127. The American Industrial Revolution began in the year of ___ with its ___ industry. 128. American education is mainly classified into _____, ____ and higher.129. The Enlightenment in America provided the colonists with a ___ and ___ weapon against the British rule.130.President Nixon visited China in Feb, 19 ____. In the year of ___ the US established diplomatic relations with China.131. The present sovereign of Britain is ______, and Prince ____ is the heir to the throne. 132. The Cabinet is composed of the most ____ ministers who meet regularly under the ___ of the Prime Minister.133. From the middle of the 5th century three Teutonic groups, Anglos, Saxons and ____ began to migrate from the region of ____.134.The 15th and 16th centuries were marked by the ___ of feudalism and the ___ of capitalism in English history.135. The British Empire began with the founding of ___ in 1583, and fell after the ___ World War.136. The Constitution of the United States follows two principles: the __system and the __ of powers.137. In legislation the President of U.S. has a ___ power over bills passed by ___.138.By the mid-19th century, the territory of the US had reached over ___ million square kilometers, about ___ times the size of the total area of the original thirteen states.139. The Conservative Party developed out of the ___ Party, while the Liberal party developed out of the ____.140. The ancestors of the English ______, while the Scots, Welsh and Irish the ______.141.The Central Lowlands of Scotland include the valleys of the _____, _____ and Forth rivers.142. The British did not adopt rational reforms such as____ system until 1975, and the ____ system until 1971.143.The Hundred Year’s War was a war against ___ for the French crown and for the industrial city of ___.144. Geographically speaking, the north and west of Britain are _______, while the east and south-east are mostly______.145. The English Bourgeois Revolution exerted great influence on___ and the ____ revolutions in the 18th century.146. The South's lending industries are those that make use of the _______ supply of natural resources and _____ materials.147. Congress consists of the ____ and the House of _____.148. In terms of their political administration, the thirteen British colonies can be divided into three types: the ____ colonies, the central colonies and the ____ colonies.149. The three kinds of local governments under a state government are ____ governments, city, town, or ____ governments and local governments of districts set up for special purposes. 150. The Senate serves a term of _____ years, and every two years, _______ of the Senators stands for re - election.151. The farmland in the eastern half of Britain is used for raising ___. Its chief agricultural products are wheat,_____, oats and potatoes.152. The so-called “Glorious Revolution” was actually a bloodless ___ by the bourgeoisie in the year of ___.153. The ___ conflict between the bourgeoisie and the Monarchy and the persecution of ___ constituted two of the major causes of the bourgeois revolution.154. The Industrial Revolution was a revolution in both the ___ of production and the relations of production. It began in the ___ industry in the 1760s and lasted until 1830.155. The Open University is so called because it is ___ to people of ___ages.156.In the ____century a large number of Chinese were shipped to America as “____”157. The earliest inhabitants in America were ___, who had come over from Asia by crossing the land bridge across the present ___ Strait.158.The French and Indian War was fought between the ___ and the French, who were contending for the ___ Valley.159. In February 1861, six of the slave states that had seceded from the Union formed the ____ and elected ___ as their president.160. Secondary education in the US takes place in a variety of junior and senior high schools, which can be distinguished as vocational high school, ___ and ____.161. ___ who gets the majority of the ___ votes is elected President of the US.162. Christopher Columbus discovered the New World in the year of ___. He called the native Indians because he believed the islands to which he had come were off the coast of ___.163. Oxford and Cambridge were the only universities in ___ until the ___ century.164. In _____, the English Civil War broke out. The Cavaliers supported the king, while the Roundheads supported _______.165. The highest point in Wales is ____ in the ____Mountain Range.166. At the primary stage of the general election, the voters elect ___ to the national ___ of the two parties in each state.167. In the first two decades after World War II the US government adopted a policy of Cold War and ___ in its relationship with the Soviet Union. This policy was later replaced by the policy of ___ for world hegemony.168. According to their year of study, undergraduate students are called freshman, ____, junior and ____ respectively.169.After the Civil War, Oliver Cromwell declared England a ______, later, he became _________.170.Canada's early economic development was founded on a number of resource - based ______: fishing, forestry, _______ and mining.四、简答题（略）……答案一、单选题1. D2. B3. B4. C5. D6. C7. C8. A9. D10. B11. A12. D13. B14. B15. D16. C17. D18. D19. D21. C22. B23. B24. D25. A26. B27. C28. D29. D30. B31. A32. B33. A34. B35. B36. D37. B38. D39. C40. A41. C42. B43. D44. C45. A46. C47. C48. D49. A50. A51. D52. D53. A54. D55. A56. D57. C58. A60. D61. C62. C63. D64. A65. D66. A67. D68. D69. C70. A71. B72. B73. A74. B75. B76. B77. D78. C79. D80. D81. B82. C83. A84. D85. D86. C87. A88. C89. B90. D91. D92. B93. A94. C95. D96. B97. A99. A100. C二、名词解释题101. The Church of England has a continuous history going back before the Reformation to the earliest days of English Christianity. Henry VIII declared himself head of the English Church in 1534. Later the influence of the Reformation led the English Church to go its own way in forms of worship and in doctrine. With Elizabeth I the Church of England was established on a moderate Protestant basis.102.The Labor Party was founded in 1900 by a union between the Trade Union, the Independent Labor Party and the Fabian Society. It became the main opposition party after the First World War and won a majority in the House of Commons in 1945. It practices social democracy or bourgeois reformism.103.In the 13th century, the English possessions on the European Continent were greatly reduced. For the more political and economic power, King Edward started a war against French in 1337 for the French crown. This war lasted for over one hundred years. By the time the war was ended, the English had lost all the territories they had gained during the war, except the French port of Calais.104.Public school is a kind of independent schools in Britain. They are privately run and usually fee-paying. Public schools are known for their good facilities and prestige.105.William was Duke of Normandy. He landed his army in Oct, 1066 and defeated king Harold. Then he was crowned king of England on Christmas Day the same year. He established a strong Norman government and the feudal system in England.106. It referred to the two party names which originated with the Glorious Revolution of 1688. The Whigs were those who opposed absolute monarchy and supported the right to religious freedom for Nonconformists. The Tories were those who supported hereditary monarchy and were reluctant to remove kings. The Whigs formed a coalition with dissident Tories and became the Liberal Party. The Tories were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.107.King John’s reign caused much discontent among the barons. In 1215, he was forced t o sign a document, known as Mangna Cara, or the Great Charter. It has 63 clauses. Though it has long been regarded as the foundation of English liberties, its spirit was the limitation of the king’s powers, keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land.108.The leader during the Civil War who led the New Model Army to defeat the king and condemned him to death. Then he declared England a Commonwealth and made himself Lord of Protector. He ruled England till the restoration of Charles II in 1660.109. After the establishment of the Church of England in England, the people who believe in。

英语国家概况课程习题(附答案)英语国家概况课程习题英语国家概况（1）模拟试题1I. Fill in the blanks:1. Britain consists of _4___ nations, including England,_Scotland____,_Wales______ and Northern Ireland______.2. The Anglo-Saxons began to settle in Britain in __5th______ century.3. The capital of Britain is ___London___ which has great influence on the UK inall fields including______government_, _finance______ and __culture_____4. The capital of Scotland is _Edinburgh_____, which is well-known for itsnatural5. _Egbert______, the ancestor of the present Queen, Elizabeth 11, united Englandunder his rule in 829.6. In Britain, the official head of state is the Queen_______ while the real centre ofpolitical life is in the House of Commoms______7. The British Constitution consists of _statute law______, __common law_____,and ___conventions____.8. The most important function of the Parliament is to ___pass laws____._______,9. Strictly speaking, the Parliament today consists of the Queen _______, theHouse of Lords_______and the House of Commons_______.10. Life peers should be nominated by _the Prime Minister______ and appointedby _the sovereign______.11. The UK is divided into __651_____ constituencies with each of themrepresented by a member in _the parliment________12. The party which wins the majority seats in parliament forms _thegoverment______and its party leader becomes _prime minister________13. Normally, a government can be in power for __5_____ years, and then it has toresign and hold a general election.14. There are three major parties in the UK: _the Conservative__Party____ theLiberal ANDDemocratic party_______ and the LabourParty_______.15. From 1979 to 1997, ___the _Conservatuve Party___ won 4 consecutiveelections and was in power for quite a long time.16. The two oldest universities in Britain are__Cambridge_____ and_Oxford______.17. Australia, as the World's _*****T______ continent and .largest_______island, has a population which is__small_____ in relation to its size.18. Geologically, Australia can be divided into three parts: _the Easternhighlands______ , which is also know as the_Great DividingRange______ , and which runs almost parallel to the eastern coast from northern Queens land to southern Tasmania; the Central Eaetern lowlands_______, which extends from the Gulf of Carpentries in the north to _Eastern SouthArstralia______ and the western Victorian coast; and the Great Western Plateau, which covers most of Western Australia_______, much of the Northern Territory_______ and South Australia, and part of __Western Queenlands_____.19. New Zealand is in the ____south-west Pacific___ Ocean. ___Australia____ is itsnearest neighbour. The __North Island_____ and the __South Island_____ are its two main land masses. They are separated by __Cook Strait_____20. The Head of State of New Zealand is _Queen Elizabeth 2______. She isrepresented in New Zealand by a __Covernor-General_____ whose most important task is to call upon the leader of the _majority_party_____ to form a government after an election.21. Columbus discovered the New World in the year of _1492_______22. The first permanent settlement in North America was established in today'sVirginia_______ in the year of ___1607____23. A federal system is one in which _power______ is shared between __a centralauthority_____and its constituent parts _______with some rights reserved to each.24. The U.S. federal government consists of the following three branches: theexecutive_______, __the legislative_____ and __the judiciary_____25. The Congress is divided into the House of representatives_______ with_435______ members who serve two-year terms, _the senate_______ with_100_ lawmakers who serve six-year terms.26. Groups who try to persuade Congressmen to vote for or against a bill are knownas __lobbies_____27. The Supreme Court is composed of _one______ chief justice and 8~ associatejustices.28. "WASP, stands for _White Anglo Saxon__Protesant____.29. In area, Canada is the _second_______ country on earth.30. Canada consists of ___10_______ provinces and ____3____territories. 第一卷选择题答案BDACA BBCDD ACBCB ADACA BAABA DCCBC BBDAD BCDCC BDABB D。