新世纪综合教程2 第二版 Unit 4 答案

Unit OneLiving in HarmonyEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▆ Working with Words and Expressions1.In the boxes below are some of the words you havelearned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:1)bunch2)amazed3)shift4)bundle5)drop6)capacity7)participating8)style9)commerce10)rob11)symbol12)appreciated13)displayed14)slip15)conquer16)roast17)figured2.In the box below are some of the expressions you havelearned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings?Do you know how to use them in the proper context?Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise.Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:1)in rich contrast to2)are exposed to3)risked his life4)rely on5)at knife-point6)stands out7)runs contrary to8)flag down9)picks/picked up10)took a gamble on11)pulled away12)pulled over▆Increasing Your Word Power1. CollocationsLook at the adverbs listed in the box below, and decide which adverb is needed to collocate with the verb in each sentence. Fill the correct adverb into the blank in the sentence. The same word may be used in more than one sentence. Consult a dictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:1) out2) over3) back4) down5) over6) up7) out8) back9) down10) out11) up12) over13) back14) out15) down16) over2.Study the different meanings of the word “than” in thefollowing sentences.▆ Answers for Reference:1)Action speaks louder than words.2)Production here needs temperatures lower than 25degrees Celsius.3)I like to keep things rather than throw them away.4)There is nobody here other than me.5)She’d rather leave her job than (be forced to) work forthat boss.3. Word BuildingNow choose the Chinese meaning from Column B that matches each italicizedword in Column A. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:1) d.2) k3) n4) j5) a6) g7) f8) b9) o10) m11) p12) e13) c14) h15) i16) lGrammar in Context1.The –ing form and the infinitive form of the verb Task: Choose either the infinitive form or the –ing form of the verb in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences.▆ Answers:1) preparing2) to thank3) repairing / to be repaired4) to get5) studying6) being treated7) missing8) to reduce9)to leave10)worrying2.The –edform and the –ing form of the verbStudy the following sentences that appear in this unit, paying special attention to the –ed form and –ing form of the verb. Reflect on its grammatical function in each sentence.Task：Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English, paying attention to the use of the -ing form and the -ed form of verbs.▆ Answers:1) kept nodding, rather confused2) Fallen leaves3) surprised, hiding4) Deeply moved5) following6) Being, interested7) located8) readingCloze▆Complete the following passage with words chosen from Text A. The initial letter of each is given.▆ Answers:1) relying2)intrigued3) penny4) for5) covered6) treated7) amazed8) contrary9) generally10)whatever11)invited12) attentive13) whereTranslation▆ Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets.▆ Answers for Reference:1)The rumor about his divorce is just a ploy to gainpublicity for his new film.2)He took a gamble on starting a factory with all the moneyhis parents had left him.3)After winning the important game they hoisted theircaptain to their shoulders in shouting triumph.4)In the rush to go for globalization, we should watch outfor collision of cultures.5)In the circumstances it was not surprising that there wastrouble.6)The baby is the very picture of health.7)People have realized the dangers of exposing children toviolence and sex on TV.8)We always had in mind for whom we were making thefilm.Theme-Related Writing▆ Choose one of the following writing tasks and complete it after class.1) Write an essay (of about 250 words) about a memorable experience in whichyou helped a stranger or were helped by him or her.2) Write an essay (of about 150 words) about human relationships in oursociety. The following hints might serve as a guide:a. The problems existing in the relationships between peoplein our society.b. The negative results such problems may bring about to oursociety.c. What can you do to help establish a harmonious society as astudent?▆Sample Essay for Task 1:One weekend morning, while walking on a bustling street with a light heart, I was suddenly overtaken by a startling moan. Turning around, I discovered the sound was coming from a black mass in a co rner. “What’s that?” My heart pounded heavily. I went up and saw a human being, alive but in a dreadful state. He was crouching on the ground with deformed hands and legs, mumbling something. He had obviously lost the normal ability to move and work. A dirty plate was placed in front the miserable-looking man, in whichthere were some coins and small notes.As my eyes were drifting away from him, his eyes caught mine suddenly. What eyes they were! Filled with misery and expectation, they were looking straight at me. He was unable to speak, but I seemed to hear his pleading voice and read his despairing mind. His look seemed to be telling me about his hard life and his longing for help. For a while, I was at a loss what to do. Should I drop some coins in the plate like some other passers-by or turn away in indifference? I recalled news reports about men pretending to be beggars, who were actually healthy and able to work. Could this be another one of those scams? But the beggar was there, groaning and living. Then something seemed to hit me hard. I drew a five-yuan note from my pocket, dropped it in his dirty plate and walked away quickly in silence.“No good deed is too small.” Maybe we need to bear this saying in mind.▆Sample Essay for Task 2:We are living in a world of distrust. We live behind cold security bars。

Enhance Y our Language AwarenessW ords in Action▇W orking with W ords and Expressions1. In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.■Answers:1) objective2) current3) adopt4) exhibit5) capture6) integrated7) outstanding8) strategies9) convince10) striving/strive11) diagnosed12) side13) spaced14) thick15) painful16) eventually17) fascinating18) confidence19)label20) creations2. In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.■Answers:1) at rest2) dropped out3) drying out4) drop in5) dawned on6) falls away7) drowned out8) on the sidelines9) falling out10) start over11) lose faith12) sign off▆ Increasing Y our W ord PowerFill in each blank in the following sentences with a proper preposition given in the box.▆ Answers:1) with2) to3) with4) on5) at6) with7) from8) beyond9) from10) on11) for12）to1.Study the use of but in different contexts and then do the task that follows.▆ Answers for reference:1) What can we do but sit and wait for a passing car to bring us to a city nearby?2)He lied to the court not just once, but on several occasions.3)“Gone with the Wind” was/is a great movie, but it was/is a little long.4) I had/have no choice but to accept the challenge.5) The situation looked/looks desperate, but they didn’t/don’t want to give up.6）But for these interruptions, the meeting would have finished earlier.7）Who else but John would have played a trick like that?8）She was the best singer in China at that time. I could not but admire her.9）The machines we bought were cheap, but they went quite well.10）Because he had/has a sore throat he was/is unable to swallow anything but liquids.2.Word BuildingMatch each of the English words in Column A with its Chinese meaning in Column B.You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:1) j2) k3) g4) h5) i6) b7) n8) l9) f10) c11) m12) d13) a14) eGrammar in ContextTask 1:Fill in each blank in the following sentences with the proper form of the verb given in brackets, paying special attention to the use of the active voiceand the passive voice.▆ Answers:1) be done away with2) is / gets punished3) being erected4) Having been ignored5) believing6) to have sent7) be looked up8) speak / speaking9) being interviewed10) takenTask 2. Translate the following sentences into Chinese, paying special attention to the differences in the choice of the verb voice.▆ Answers for Reference:1）杰克，有你的电话。

Unit OneLiving in HarmonyEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▆Working with Words and Expressions1.In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the followingsentences with them. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:1)bunch2)amazed3)shift4)bundle5)drop6)capacity7)participating8)style9)commerce10)rob11)symbol12)appreciated13)displayed14)slip15)conquer16)roast17)figured2.In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand theirmeanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:1)in rich contrast to2)are exposed to3)risked his life4)rely on5)at knife-point6)stands out7)runs contrary to8)flag down9)picks/picked up10)took a gamble on11)pulled away12)pulled over▆Increasing Your Word Power1.CollocationsLook at the adverbs listed in the box below, and decide which adverb is needed to collocate with the verb in each sentence. Fill the correct adverb into the blank in the sentence. The same word may be used in more than one sentence. Consult a dictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:1) out2) over3) back4) down5) over6) up7) out8) back9) down10) out11) up12) over13) back14) out15) down16) over2.Study the different meanings of the word “than” in the following sentences.▆ Answers for Reference:1)Action speaks louder than words.2)Production here needs temperatures lower than 25 degrees Celsius.3)I like to keep things rather than throw them away.4)There is nobody here other than me.5)She’d rather leave her job than (be forced to) work for that boss.3.Word BuildingNow choose the Chinese meaning from Column B that matches each italicized word in Column A. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:1) d.2) k3) n4) j5) a6) g7) f8) b9) o10) m11) p12) e13) c14) h15) i16) lGrammar in Context1.The –ing form and the infinitive form of the verbTask: Choose either the infinitive form or the –ing form of the verb in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences.▆ Answers:1) preparing2) to thank3) repairing / to be repaired4) to get5) studying6) being treated7) missing8) to reduce9) to leave10) worrying2. The –ed form and the –ing form of the verbStudy the following sentences that appear in this unit, paying special attention to the –ed form and –ing form of the verb. Reflect on its grammatical function in each sentence.Task：Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English, paying attention to the use of the -ing form and the -ed form of verbs.▆ Answers:1) kept nodding, rather confused2) Fallen leaves3) surprised, hiding4) Deeply moved5) following6) Being, interested7) located8) readingCloze▆Complete the following passage with words chosen from Text A. The initial letter of each is given. ▆ Answers:1) relying2) intrigued3) penny4) for5) covered6) treated7) amazed8) contrary9) generally10) whatever11) invited12) attentive13) whereTranslation▆ Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets.▆ Answers for Reference:1)The rumor about his divorce is just a ploy to gain publicity for his new film.2)He took a gamble on starting a factory with all the money his parents had left him.3)After winning the important game they hoisted their captain to their shoulders in shouting triumph.4)In the rush to go for globalization, we should watch out for collision of cultures.5)In the circumstances it was not surprising that there was trouble.6)The baby is the very picture of health.7)People have realized the dangers of exposing children to violence and sex on TV.8)We always had in mind for whom we were making the film.Theme-Related Writing▆ Choose one of the following writing tasks and complete it after class.1) Write an essay (of about 250 words) about a memorable experience in which you helped a stranger or were helped by him or her.2) Write an essay (of about 150 words) about human relationships in our society. The following hints mightserve as a guide:a. The problems existing in the relationships between people in our society.b. The negative results such problems may bring about to our society.c. What can you do to help establish a harmonious society as a student?▆Sample Essay for Task 1:One weekend morning, while walking on a bustling street with a light heart, I was suddenly overtaken by a startling moan. Turning around, I discovered the sound was coming from a black mass in a corner. “What’s that?” My heart pounded heavily. I went up and saw a human being, alive but in a dreadful state. He was crouching on the ground with deformed hands and legs, mumbling something. He had obviously lost the normal ability to move and work. A dirty plate was placed in front the miserable-looking man, in which there were some coins and small notes.As my eyes were drifting away from him, his eyes caught mine suddenly. What eyes they were! Filled with misery and expectation, they were looking straight at me. He was unable to speak, but I seemed to hearhis pleading voice and read his despairing mind. His look seemed to be telling me about his hard life and his longing for help. For a while, I was at a loss what to do. Should I drop some coins in the plate like some other passers-by or turn away in indifference? I recalled news reports about men pretending to be beggars, who were actually healthy and able to work. Could this be another one of those scams? But the beggar was there, groaning and living. Then something seemed to hit me hard. I drew a five-yuan note from my pocket, droppedit in his dirty plate and walked away quickly in silence.“No good deed is too small.” Maybe we need to bear this saying in mind.▆Sample Essay for Task 2:We are living in a world of distrust. We live behind cold security bars; we do not talk to strangers, let alone go out of our way to help them; we live in fear of fake products. In short, fear and feelings of insecurity fill the environment we live in.All this greatly harms our society. Growing up in such an environment, we tend to feel isolated and care only about ourselves. If things go on like this, ‘trust’, ‘teamwork’, and ‘harmony’ will eventually become terms unheard of.In my opinion, trusting others and being trustworthy are the two basic principles that we should follow if we want to improve human relationships. We may not be in a position to change others, but we can change the way others see us by winning their trust in us. Mutual understanding and love are the pillars that support a harmonious society.Unit TwoOptimism and Positive ThinkingEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▆Working with Words and Expressions3.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentenceswith them. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:18)positive19)startled20)perspective21)harden22)shape23)address24)crises25)curse26)incredible27)conversely28)issue29)response30)prior31)rare32)accomplish4.In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand theirmeanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:1)get the hang of2)have lived through3)makes a difference4)have no idea5)concerned with6)slipped over7)ran into8)in reverse9)mull over▆Increasing Your Word Power1.Decide whether “do”, “make”or “take”is needed to complete each of the following sentences. Changethe verb form where necessary.▆Answers:1)does2)make3)take4)do5)make6)Take7)done8)taken9)making10)took2.In each of the following sentences you are given two confusable words or expressions in brackets.Choose the appropriate one to fill in the blank. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆Answers:1)concerned2)Concerning3)reject4)declined5)unconscious6)subconscious7)former8)preceding9)raise10)rise3.Now match each of the English word in Column A with its Chinese equivalent in Column B. You mayconsult a dictionary if necessary.▆Answers:1)d2)j3)k4)a5)b6)h7) c8)f9)l10)e11)g12)iGRAMMAR IN CONTEXTTask 1: When it is used as a conjunction, “as”can mean “when / while”, “though / although”, “since / because”, “in the way / manner tha t”, etc., and it can also be used in a comparative structure. Study the following sentences and explain the meaning of “as”in each sentence.▆Answers for reference:1)in the way /manner that2)though / although3)when4)since5)used in a comparison6)though7)while8)in the way thatTask 2: Complete the following sentences after the example by translating the Chinese into English, using “as” as a relative pronoun.▆Answers for reference:1)as you describe / have described / described2)as concern every one of us3)As is well known4)As we all can see5)as you show / as you have shown for your teacher6)As is reported / announced in today’s papersClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.▆Answers:1)p erspective2)d espair3)necessity4)p erform5)C onversely6)prophecy7)w here8)a s9)a chieve10)recognize11)d ealt w ith12)a ttitude13)channels14)c oncernedTranslationTranslate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.▆Answers for reference:1)Only those who have lived through a similar experience can fully appreciate this. / The only people who canfully appreciate this are those who have lived through a similar experience.2)Scientists have been hard pressed to figure out how these particles form/ are formed and interact (with oneanother).3)Those who have got the hang of Rubik’s Cube (Magic Cube) can return each face to consisting of one colour inno time.4)The individual success of the employees in a team environment results in success for the company.5)The war, although successful in military terms, left the economy almost in ruins.6)He decided to channel his energies into something useful, instead of being glued to / sitting in front ofthe TV set all day long.7)There’s a difference between strength and courage. It takes strength to survive. It takes courage to live.8)She was by nature a very affectionate person, always ready to give a helping hand to others.Theme-Related WritingDo either of the following two writing tasks. You may draw on some useful ideas and expressions from a variety of sources, such as the two texts in this unit or the Internet.1) Having read the two passages in this unit, you may have come to a better understanding of life and thetimes when pessimistic and optimistic thoughts take turns to affect your behaviour. Write a letter of encouragement (of about 150 words) to one of your high school friends who failed in the college entrance examination. Tell him or her about your new understanding of the need to remain optimistic.2) The writers of the two texts in this unit convey to us the message that we need to look at the positive side ofanything that comes to us and that we need to take an optimistic and positive attitude toward life. Write an essay (of about 150 words) to share your ideas with your classmates. The following hints may be of some help:a. What is meant by “thinking positively”?b. What is the connection between success and optimism?c. How can we keep an optimistic and positive attitude?▆Sample Letter for Task 1:Dear Weihua,I know you are still feeling upset about your results in the college entrance examination. I’ve just read an article about how pessimistic and optimistic thoughts can affect our behaviour and I’m now sending you a copy, hoping that it will help you step out of the shadows.Naturally, failing the college entrance examination can be very depressing, yet if you continue to dwell on the past, you will never be able to pick yourself up and focus on what is more important for now and the future. Life is full of trials and anyone may suffer setbacks. We must take an optimistic attitude towards the things we have to deal with. Optimism and positive thinking are powerful forces. Good things do come true if we picture them often. Please do have confidence in your potential. Just work hard and prepare for another chance.You will make it.Yours,Janet(152 words)▆Sample Essay for Task 2:Thinking positively means allowing your mind to be filled with optimistic feelings, and always hoping for the best though still aware of the difficulties that might be involved.The human mind is powerful; thoughts of optimism and pessimism can be a self-fulfilling prophecy. Though it might seem impossible to some, positive thinking and success actually have a cause-and-result relationship. The reason is that a person with positive thinking will always broadcast goodwill and confidence and that kind of radiating attitude will take a hold on everybody.Gradually, people’s attitude will shift towards more trust and respect. This not only opens up more opportunities for the individual, but it also feeds back emotionally, and the cycle continues.Though the shaping of a positive or negative personality often happens subconsciously, it is possible to control such processes consciously. A person can try visualizing favourable situations, whether it is remembering a contest won as a child or imagining getting that job offer so long sought after. Over time circumstances will change accordingly. (169 words)Unit ThreeThe Road to SuccessEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in ActionWorking with Words and Expressions5.In the box below are some of the words you have learnt in this unit. Complete the following sentences withthem. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:a)favourableb)discouragedc)consentedd)neglecte)creptf)sufficientg)tracedh)somewhati)refreshj)worthyk)prospectsl)resolvedm)remarkedn)undergoo)rewarded6.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Do you know how to use them in theproper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:33)pack up34)many a35)stays the course36)put to the test37)flooding in38)came across39)come up with40)plunged ... into▆Increasing Your Word Power1.Listed in the box below are some unit nouns. Discuss their meanings and then complete the following tableby filling in the appropriate unit noun. The same unit noun may be used for more than once. Consult a dictionary if necessary.2.Words such as respectful, respectable and respective may cause confusion because they are similar eitherin meaning or in spelling. To communicate effectively, we need to pay special attention to such confusable words.▆Answers:1)neglected2)neglectful3)colourful4)coloured5)rough6)tough7)worth8)worthy9)favourable10)favourite11)respectful12)respectable13)respective14)considerate15)considerable3.Word BuildingMatch each of the English word in Column A with its Chinese meaning in Column B.You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆Answers:1) d. 2) i 3) l 4) a 5) k 6) o 7) p 8) b9)m 10) n 11) e 12) c 13) f 14) g 15) h 16) jGrammar in context1.Study the following sentences that appear in this unit, paying special attention to the subordinate clausesand connectives. Reflect on their grammatical function and then do the task that follows.Task: Fill in the blanks in the following sentences by choosing proper connectives from the box below.▆Answers for reference:1) what 2) whether 3) whose 4) whoever 5) what6) where 7) how 8) which 9) that 10) that2．Study the following sentences that appear in this unit, paying special attention to“the preposition + relative pronoun” structure. Reflect on their uses and then do the following task.Task: Complete the following sentences using a preposition and a relative pronoun.▆Answers for reference:1）of which 2) for which 3) in which 4) in whom5) of which 6) to which 7) for which 8) at whichClozeComplete the following passage with words and phrases chosen from Text A. The initial letter of each target word is given.▆Answers:1) for 2) aware 3) affair 4) prospects 5) storage 6) matter 7) plunged 8) break9) offered 10) dancing 11) cleared 12) welled 13) stick 14) sacrifices 15) published Translation1. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.▆ Answers for reference:1)Rumour has it that his new book is based on a true story about a family in a small Tennessee town.2)He teaches in a middle school, but he does some translation work on the side to bring in extra cash /money.3)It’s good to be confident(about yourself), but there’s a difference between(self-)confidence andconceit.4)Only those who stick it out can achieve success. Those who give up halfway will never realize theirdreams.5) A true hero possesses / has courage, a noble purpose and a willingness to make sacrifices.6)Anyone who picks up this novel and reads the first paragraph will be hard pressed to put it down.7)In a sense, life is like swimming; if you keep holding on to the sides of the pool, you (will) never learn.8)The future of a nation depends in a large measure upon the quality of education and training. Theme-Related Writing1) Write a narrative essay (of about 150 words) about your pursuit of a dream or someone’s experiences inmaking his / her dream come true.Sample essayLi Hui, my friend in high school, was born into a worker’s family. She began to dream of becoming a cartoon artist from her childhood. To her disappointment, her parents strongly opposed her career choice, because the cost of her education would be too high for the poor family, and they were worried about the job opportunities for a cartoon artist. However, Li Hui would not change her mind. She worked hard to perfect her skills and searched persistently for ways to realise her dream. Just before she finished high school, the chance came: a famous art school was holding a cartoon drawing competition. The first three winners would be given a scholarship to study cartoon drawing at the school. Li Hui told herself not to let the chance slip through her fingers. She readily participated and won the second place. She is now studying there and I feel certain that her dream will come true. (156 words)2) People may have different opinions about the key factors for success. Write a short essay (of about 150words) and share your opinions with your classmates.Sample essay:In my opinion, before a person becomes successful, he or she should fully understand the basic elements of success: competence, determination and optimism.For a person to succeed, he or she has to face great competition and excel in his or her chosen career. The person needs to demonstrate and prove his or her competence in dealing with problems. Without competence, the person can neither stand out among the crowd nor attract the attention of those who hold the keys to the doors of opportunity and advancement.Yet ability alone cannot guarantee success. Often enough, things do not go the way we have planned and failure is unavoidable no matter how intelligent or capable we may be. In such cases one needs to remain firm and optimistic, always believing that hard work will eventually pay off. If the person gives up halfway, success will never knock at the door. (149 words)Unit FourBeing CreativeEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▇Working with Words and Expressions1. In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.■Answers:1) objective2) current3) adopt4) exhibit5) capture6) integrated7) outstanding8) strategies9) convince10) striving/strive11) diagnosed12) side13) spaced14) thick15) painful16) eventually17) fascinating18) confidence19)label20) creations2.In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.■Answers:1) at rest2) dropped out3) drying out4) drop in5) dawned on6) falls away7) drowned out8) on the sidelines9) falling out10) start over11) lose faith12) sign off▆ Increasing Your Word PowerFill in each blank in the following sentences with a proper preposition given in the box.▆ Answers:1) with2) to3) with4) on5) at6) with7) from8) beyond9) from10) on11) for12）toStudy the use of but in different contexts and then do the task that follows.▆ Answers for reference:1) What can we do but sit and wait for a passing car to bring us to a city nearby?2)He lied to the court not just once, but on several occasions.3)“Gone with the Wind” was/is a great movie, but it was/is a little long.4) I had/have no choice but to accept the challenge.5) The situation looked/looks desperate, but they didn’t/don’t want to give up.6）But for these interruptions, the meeting would have finished earlier.7）Who else but John would have played a trick like that?8）She was the best singer in China at that time. I could not but admire her.9）The machines we bought were cheap, but they went quite well.10）Because he had/has a sore throat he was/is unable to swallow anything but liquids. Word BuildingMatch each of the English words in Column A with its Chinese meaning in Column B.You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:1) j2) k3) g4) h5) i6) b7) n8) l9) f10) c11) m12) d13) a14) eGrammar in ContextTask 1: Fill in each blank in the following sentences with the proper form of the verb given in brackets, paying special attention to the use of the active voice and the passive voice.▆ Answers:1) be done away with2) is / gets punished3) being erected4) Having been ignored5) believing6) to have sent7) be looked up8) speak / speaking9) being interviewed10) takenTask 2. Translate the following sentences into Chinese, paying special attention to the differences in the choice of the verb voice.▆ Answers for Reference:1）杰克，有你的电话。

Unit TwoOptimism and Positive ThinkingEnhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action▆Working with Words and Expressions1.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentenceswith them. Change the form where necessary.▆ Answers:1)positive2)startled3)perspective4)harden5)shape6)address7)crises8)curse9)incredible10)conversely11)issue12)response13)prior14)rare15)accomplish2. In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand theirmeanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing theblank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.▆ Answers:1)get the hang of2)have lived through3)makes a difference4)have no idea5) concerned with6)slipped over7)ran into8)in reverse9)mull over Increasing Your Word Power▆1.Decide whether “do”, “make” or “take” is needed to complete each of the following sentences. Changethe verb form where necessary.▆ Answers:1)does2)make3)take4)do5)make6)Take7)done8)taken9)making10)took2. In each of the following sentences you are given two confusable words or expressions in brackets.Choose the appropriate one to fill in the blank. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:1)concerned2)Concerning3)reject4)declined5)unconscious6)subconscious7)former8)preceding9)raise10)rise3.Now match each of the English word in Column A with its Chinese equivalent in Column B. You mayconsult a dictionary if necessary.▆Answers:1)d2)j3)k4)a5)b6)h7)c8)f9)l10)e11)g12)i GRAMMAR IN CONTEXTTask 1: When it is used as a conjunction, “as” can mean “when / while”, “though / although”, “since /because”, “in the way / manner that”, etc., and it can also be used in a comparative structure. Studythe following sentences and explain the meaning of “as” in each sentence.▆ Answers for reference:1)in the way /manner that2)though / althoughwhen 3)since4)used in a comparison 5)though 6)while7)in the way that8)Task 2: Complete the following sentences after the example by translating the Chinese into English, using“as” as a relative pronoun.▆ Answers for reference:1)as you describe / have described / described2)as concern every one of us3)As is well known4)As we all can see5)as you show / as you have shown for your teacher6)As is reported / announced in today's papersClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. Theinitial letter of each is given.▆ Answers:1)p erspective2)d espair3)necessity4)p erform5)C onversely6)prophecy7)w here8)a s9)a chieve10)recognize11)dw ithealt12)a ttitude13)channels14)c oncerned TranslationTranslate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.▆ Answers for reference:1)Only those who have lived through a similar experience can fully appreciate this. / The only people who can fullyappreciate this are those who have lived through a similar experience.2)Scientists have been hard pressed to figure out how these particles form/ are formed and interact (with one another).3)Those who have got the hang of Rubik's Cube (Magic Cube) can return each face to consisting of one colour in no time.4)The individual success of the employees in a team environment results in success for the company.5) The war, although successful in military terms, left the economy almost in ruins.6)He decided to channel his energies into something useful, instead of being glued to / sitting in front of theTV set all day long.7)There's a difference between strength and courage. It takes strength to survive. It takes courage to live.8)She was by nature a very affectionate person, always ready to give a helping hand to others. Theme-Related WritingDo either of the following two writing tasks. You may draw on some useful ideas and expressions from avariety of sources, such as the two texts in this unit or the Internet.1) Having read the two passages in this unit, you may have come to a better understanding of life and the timeswhen pessimistic and optimistic thoughts take turns to affect your behaviour. Write a letter of encouragement(of about 150 words) to one of your high school friends who failed in the college entrance examination. Tellhim or her about your new understanding of the need to remain optimistic.2) The writers of the two texts in this unit convey to us the message that we need to look at the positive side ofanything that comes to us and that we need to take an optimistic and positive attitude toward life. Write anessay (of about 150 words) to share your ideas with your classmates. The following hints may be of somehelp:a. What is meant by “thinking positively”?b. What is the connection between success and optimism?c. How can we keep an optimistic and positive attitude?▆Sample Letter for Task 1:Dear Weihua,I know you are still feeling upset about your results in the college entrance examination. I've just read anarticle about how pessimistic and optimistic thoughts can affect our behaviour and I'm now sending you acopy, hoping that it will help you step out of the shadows.Naturally, failing the college entrance examination can be very depressing, yet if you continue to dwell onthe past, you will never be able to pick yourself up and focus on what is more important for now and the future.Life is full of trials and anyone may suffer setbacks. We must take an optimistic attitude towards the things wehave to deal with. Optimism and positive thinking are powerful forces. Good things do come true if we picturethem often. Please do have confidence in your potential. Just work hard and prepare for another chance. You will make it.Yours,Janet(152 words)▆Sample Essay for Task 2:Thinking positively means allowing your mind to be filled with optimistic feelings, and always hoping forthe best though still aware of the difficulties that might be involved.The human mind is powerful; thoughts of optimism and pessimism can be a self-fulfilling prophecy. Though it might seem impossible to some, positive thinking and success actually have acause-and-resultrelationship. The reason is that a person with positive thinking will always broadcast goodwill and confidenceand that kind of radiating attitude will take a hold on everybody.Gradually, people's attitude will shift towards more trust and respect. This not only opens up moreopportunities for the individual, but it also feeds back emotionally, and the cycle continues.Though the shaping of a positive or negative personality often happens subconsciously, it is possible toisit whether situations, favourable visualizing try can person A consciously. processes such control remembering a contest won as a child or imagining getting that job offer so long sought after. Overtimecircumstances will change accordingly. (169 words)Unit ThreeThe Road to SuccessEnhance Your Language Awareness Words in ActionWorking with Words and Expressions3.In the box below are some of the words you have learnt in this unit. Complete the following sentences withthem. Change the form where necessary.▆ Answers:a)favourableb)discouragedc)consentedd)neglecte)creptf)sufficientg)tracedh)somewhati)refreshj)worthyk)prospectsl)resolvedm)remarkedn)undergoo)rewarded4.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Do you know how to use them in theproper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form wherenecessary.▆ Answers:16)pack up17)many a18)stays the course19)put to the test20)flooding in21)came across22)come up with23)plunged ... intoIncreasing Your Word Power ▆1.Listed in the box below are someunit nouns. Discuss their meanings and then complete the following table by filling in the appropriate unit noun. The same unit noun may be used for more than once. Consult adictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:of rockparticle a of bread slice aa bunch of keys a bar of soapa sheet of glassa can of orange juicean article of furniture an item of businessa particle of dust a slice of meata barcan of beerof chocolate aa bunch an article of luggage of flowersan itemsheet of paper of expensea2.Words such as respectful, respectable and respective may cause confusion because they are similar eitherin meaning or in spelling. To communicate effectively, we need to pay special attention to such confusablewords.▆ Answers:1)neglected2)neglectful3)colourful4)coloured5)rough6)tough7)worth8)worthy9)favourable10)favourite11)respectful12)respectable13)respective14)considerate15)considerable3.Word BuildingMatch each of the English word in Column A with its Chinese meaning in Column B.You may consult adictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:1)d. 2) i 3) l 4) a 5) k 6) o 7) p 8) b9)m 10) n 11) e 12) c 13) f 14) g 15) h 16) jGrammar in contextsubordinate clausesappear in this unit, paying special attention to the1.Study the following sentences thatand connectives. Reflect on their grammatical function and then do the task that follows.Task: Fill in the blanks in the following sentences by choosing proper connectives from the box below.Answers for reference: ▆5) what whose 4) whoever 3) 2) 1) what whetherthat 10) that 8) which 9) how 6) where 7)preposition + relative Study the following sentences that appear in this unit, paying special attention to“the2． structure. Reflect on their uses and then do the following task.pronoun” Complete the following sentences using a preposition and a relative pronoun. Task: Answers for reference: ▆in whom 4) in which ）1 of which 2) for which 3)for which 7) to which 6) 5) of which 8) at whichClozeComplete the following passage with words and phrases chosen from Text A. The initial letter of each targetword is given.▆ Answers:1) for 2) aware 3) affair 4) prospects 5) storage 6) matter 7) plunged 8) break9) offered 10) dancing 11) cleared 12) welled 13) stick 14) sacrifices 15) published Translation1. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.▆Answers for reference:1)Rumour has it that his new book is based on a true story about a family in a small Tennessee town.2)He teaches in a middle school, but he does some translation work on the side to bring in extra cash /money.3)It's good to be confident (about yourself), but there's a difference between(self-)confidence andconceit.4)Only those who stick it out can achieve success. Those who give up halfway will never realize theirdreams.5)A true hero possesses / has courage, a noble purpose and a willingness to make sacrifices.6)Anyone who picks up this novel and reads the first paragraph will be hard pressed to put it down.7)In a sense, life is like swimming; if you keep holding on to the sides of the pool, you (will) never learn.8)The future of a nation depends in a large measure upon the quality of education and training. Theme-Related Writing1) Write a narrative essay (of about 150 words) about your pursuit of a dream or someone's experiences inmaking his / her dream come true.Sample essayLi Hui, my friend in high school, was born into a worker's family. She began to dream of becoming a cartoon artist from her childhood. To her disappointment, her parents strongly opposed her career choice,because the cost of her education would be too high for the poor family, and they were worried about the jobopportunities for a cartoon artist. However, Li Hui would not change her mind. She worked hard to perfect herskills and searched persistently for ways to realise her dream. Just before she finished high school, the chancecame: a famous art school was holding a cartoon drawing competition. The first three winners wouldbe given ascholarship to study cartoon drawing at the school. Li Hui told herself not to let the chance slip through herfingers. She readily participated and won the second place. She is now studying there and I feel certainthat herdream will come true. (156 words)2) People may have different opinions about the key factors for success. Write a short essay (of about 150words) and share your opinions with your classmates.Sample essay:In my opinion, before a person becomes successful, he or she should fully understand the basic elementsof success: competence, determination and optimism.For a person to succeed, he or she has to face great competition and excel in his or her chosen career. Theperson needs to demonstrate and prove his or her competence in dealing with problems. Without competence,the person can neither stand out among the crowd nor attract the attention of those who hold the keys to thedoors of opportunity and advancement.Yet ability alone cannot guarantee success. Often enough, things do not go the way we have planned andfailure is unavoidable no matter how intelligent or capable we may be. In such cases one needs to remain firmand optimistic, always believing that hard work will eventually pay off. If the person gives up halfway, successwill never knock at the door. (149 words)Enhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▇Working with Words and Expressions1. In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete thefollowing sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.■Answers:1) objective2) current3) adopt4) exhibit5) capture6) integrated7) outstanding8) strategies9) convince10) striving/strive11) diagnosed12) side13) spaced14) thick15) painful16) eventually17) fascinating18) confidence19)label20) creations2. In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do youunderstand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Nowcheck for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.■Answers:1) at rest2) dropped out3) drying out4) drop in5) dawned on6) falls away7) drowned out8) on the sidelines9) falling out10) start over11) lose faith12) sign off▆ Increasing Your Word PowerFill in each blank in the following sentences with a proper preposition given in the box.▆ Answers:1) with2) to3) with4) on5) at6) with7) from8) beyond9) from10) on11) for）to 121. Study the use of but in different contexts and then do the task that follows. ▆ Answers for reference:1) What can we do but sit and wait for a passing car to bring us to a city nearby?2)He lied to the court not just once, but on several occasions.3)“Gone with the Wind”was/is a great movie, but it was/is a little long.4) I had/have no choice but to accept the challenge.5) The situation looked/looks desperate, but they didn't/don't want to give up.6）But for these interruptions, the meeting would have finished earlier.7）Who else but John would have played a trick like that?8）She was the best singer in China at that time. I could not but admire her.9）The machines we bought were cheap, but they went quite well.10）Because he had/has a sore throat he was/is unable to swallow anything but liquids.2. Word BuildingMatch each of the English words in Column A with its Chinese meaning in Column B.Youmay consult a dictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:1) j2) k3) g4) h5) i6) b7) n8) l9) f10) c11) m12) d13) a 14) e。

UNIT 1Text comprehension:ⅠCⅡ1.F2.F3. T4.FⅢ1. The answer to this question can be found in the first paragraph , in which the author implies that for Mayblum the WTC was a symbol of power---- for its height and steadiness, and the force of storms was actually nothing to the WTC2.The author means that the survival of the people inside the WTC would simply depend on their locations , i.e. where they were at that moment .3.Refer to Paragraph 9,13,19,and29 .Ramos went to help the panicked workers into a stairwell(on the 78th floor),helped the heavyset man down one more flight to an elevator (on the 53rd floor),and reassured the man he would be staying with him (on the 36th floor).4.They helped the heavyset man 17floors down the building .They met him on 53rd floor and their attempt to descend ended on the 36th floor.5.The sentence implies that Ramos ‘s wife refused to believe that Ramos did not make it out of the building.Ⅳ 1.On that morning thousands of people in the WTC were thrown ,all of a sudden into a conditio n of terrible suffering and uncertainty. Mayblum was one of them.2. It seemed that the tremendous sound of the collapse of the South Tower destroyed the man’s h ope of climbing down the remaining stairs ,and thus took away his remaining energy.V ocabularyⅠ 1.burning 2. something ,a situation of a circumstance ,that is dependent on one’s location in the building3. in an intermittent manner4. help you5. Things are satisfactory up to this point.Ⅱ1. scoffed 2. dilemma 3. collapsed 4.pandemonium 5. reassuring 6. rumble 7. glancing at 8.meet up withⅢ1.panicky2. descends/descended3. enjoyable4.expectation5.morality6. persuasion7. strong 8 .energetic ⅣA/D/C/B/D/C/A/DⅤ1. amoral /nonmoral2. disappear3. wildly4. uncover /disclose /reveal5.dissuade6.happily/j oyfully/joyously7. ordinary/common8. small /thin /slenderⅥ1. helpful / helpless 2. childish /childlike/childless 3. active 4. persistent 5. revolutionary 6. successful 7.womanly dylike GrammarⅠ1.would2.woulded to would4. used toed to6. used to7.would8.woulded to 10.would would wouldⅡ1. used to travel2.was not used to accepting3. was not used to receiving4. used to think5. u sed to living6. used to say7. didn’t use to eat8.am not used to drivingⅢ 1. insistence 2. habitual action 3. probability 4. willingness 6. probability 7. improbability 8.capabilityⅣ1. could would might might should might2.could /would should could might could would3.should should would would couldⅤ 1.needn’t have carried 2.needn’t have bought 3. didn’t need to tell 4. needn’t have had 5.need’t have stood 6. didn’t need to hurry 7. didn’t need to open 8. didn’t need to take 9.needn’t have washed 10.didn’t need to work Ⅵ略 Translation1. 对有些人来说，生死攸关的是她们所在的位置------不仅仅是哪幢楼，哪一层，更重要的事大楼的哪个角落2. 周围噪声震耳，烟雾弥漫，火星四溅，美布勒姆没有意识到，他的朋友朱宏始终就在他身后的楼梯井里。

Unit TwoOptimism and Positive ThinkingEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▆Working with Words and Expressions1.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentenceswith them. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:1)positive2)startled3)perspective4)harden5)shape6)address7)crises8)curse9)incredible10)conversely11)issue12)response13)prior14)rare15)accomplish2.In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand theirmeanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:1)get the hang of2)have lived through3)makes a difference4)have no idea5)concerned with6)slipped over7)ran into8)in reverse9)mull over▆Increasing Your Word Power1.Decide whether “do”, “make” or “take” is needed to complete each of the following sentences. Changethe verb form where necessary.▆Answers:1)does2)make3)take4)do5)make6)Take7)done8)taken9)making10)took2.In each of the following sentences you are given two confusable words or expressions in brackets.Choose the appropriate one to fill in the blank. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆Answers:1)concerned2)Concerning3)reject4)declined5)unconscious6)subconscious7)former8)preceding9)raise10)rise3.Now match each of the English word in Column A with its Chinese equivalent in Column B. You mayconsult a dictionary if necessary.▆Answers:1)d2)j3)k4)a5)b6)h7) c8)f9)l10)e11)g12)iGRAMMAR IN CONTEXTTask 1: When it is used as a conjunction, “as” can mean “when / while”, “though / although”, “since / because”, “in the way / manner tha t”, etc., and it can also be used in a comparative structure. Study the following sentences and explain the meaning of “as” in each sentence.▆Answers for reference:1)in the way /manner that2)though / although3)when4)since5)used in a comparison6)though7)while8)in the way thatTask 2: Complete the following sentences after the example by translating the Chinese into English, using “as” as a relative pronoun.▆Answers for reference:1)as you describe / have described / described2)as concern every one of us3)As is well known4)As we all can see5)as you show / as you have shown for your teacher6)As is reported / announced in today’s papersClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.▆Answers:1)p erspective2)d espair3)necessity4)p erform5)C onversely6)prophecy7)w here8)a s9)a chieve10)recognize11)d ealt w ith12)a ttitude13)channels14)c oncernedTranslationTranslate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.▆Answers for reference:1)Only those who have lived through a similar experience can fully appreciate this. / The only people who can fullyappreciate this are those who have lived through a similar experience.2)Scientists have been hard pressed to figure out how these particles form/ are formed and interact (with oneanother).3)Those who have got the hang of Rubik’s Cube (Magic Cube) can return each face to consisting of one colour inno time.4)The individual success of the employees in a team environment results in success for the company.5)The war, although successful in military terms, left the economy almost in ruins.6)He decided to channel his energies into something useful, instead of being glued to / sitting in front of theTV set all day long.7)There’s a difference between strength and courage. It takes strength to survive. It takes courage to live.8)She was by nature a very affectionate person, always ready to give a helping hand to others.Theme-Related WritingDo either of the following two writing tasks. You may draw on some useful ideas and expressions from a variety of sources, such as the two texts in this unit or the Internet.1) Having read the two passages in this unit, you may have come to a better understanding of life and the timeswhen pessimistic and optimistic thoughts take turns to affect your behaviour. Write a letter of encouragement (of about 150 words) to one of your high school friends who failed in the college entrance examination. Tell him or her about your new understanding of the need to remain optimistic.2) The writers of the two texts in this unit convey to us the message that we need to look at the positive side ofanything that comes to us and that we need to take an optimistic and positive attitude toward life. Write an essay (of about 150 words) to share your ideas with your classmates. The following hints may be of some help:a. What is meant by “thinking positively”?b. What is the connection between success and optimism?c. How can we keep an optimistic and positive attitude?▆Sample Letter for Task 1:Dear Weihua,I know you are still feeling upset about your results in the college entrance examination. I’ve just read an article about how pessimistic and optimistic thoughts can affect our behaviour and I’m now sending you a copy, hoping that it will help you step out of the shadows.Naturally, failing the college entrance examination can be very depressing, yet if you continue to dwell on the past, you will never be able to pick yourself up and focus on what is more important for now and the future. Life is full of trials and anyone may suffer setbacks. We must take an optimistic attitude towards the things we have to deal with. Optimism and positive thinking are powerful forces. Good things do come true if we picture them often. Please do have confidence in your potential. Just work hard and prepare for another chance.You will make it.Yours,Janet(152 words)▆Sample Essay for Task 2:Thinking positively means allowing your mind to be filled with optimistic feelings, and always hoping for the best though still aware of the difficulties that might be involved.The human mind is powerful; thoughts of optimism and pessimism can be a self-fulfilling prophecy. Though it might seem impossible to some, positive thinking and success actually have a cause-and-result relationship. The reason is that a person with positive thinking will always broadcast goodwill and confidence and that kind of radiating attitude will take a hold on everybody.Gradually, people’s attitude will shift towards more trust and respect. This not only opens up more opportunities for the individual, but it also feeds back emotionally, and the cycle continues.Though the shaping of a positive or negative personality often happens subconsciously, it is possible to control such processes consciously. A person can try visualizing favourable situations, whether it isremembering a contest won as a child or imagining getting that job offer so long sought after. Over time circumstances will change accordingly. (169 words)Unit ThreeThe Road to SuccessEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in ActionWorking with Words and Expressions3.In the box below are some of the words you have learnt in this unit. Complete the following sentences withthem. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:a)favourableb)discouragedc)consentedd)neglecte)creptf)sufficientg)tracedh)somewhati)refreshj)worthyk)prospectsl)resolvedm)remarkedn)undergoo)rewarded4.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Do you know how to use them in theproper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:16)pack up17)many a18)stays the course19)put to the test20)flooding in21)came across22)come up with23)plunged ... into▆Increasing Your Word Power1.Listed in the box below are some unit nouns. Discuss their meanings and then complete the following tableby filling in the appropriate unit noun. The same unit noun may be used for more than once. Consult a dictionary if necessary.2.Words such as respectful, respectable and respective may cause confusion because they are similar eitherin meaning or in spelling. To communicate effectively, we need to pay special attention to such confusable words.▆Answers:1)neglected2)neglectful3)colourful4)coloured5)rough6)tough7)worth8)worthy9)favourable10)favourite11)respectful12)respectable13)respective14)considerate15)considerable3.Word BuildingMatch each of the English word in Column A with its Chinese meaning in Column B.You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆Answers:1) d. 2) i 3) l 4) a 5) k 6) o 7) p 8) b9)m 10) n 11) e 12) c 13) f 14) g 15) h 16) jGrammar in context1.Study the following sentences that appear in this unit, paying special attention to the subordinate clausesand connectives. Reflect on their grammatical function and then do the task that follows.Task: Fill in the blanks in the following sentences by choosing proper connectives from the box below.▆Answers for reference:1) what 2) whether 3) whose 4) whoever 5) what6) where 7) how 8) which 9) that 10) that2．Study the following sentences that appear in this unit, paying special attention to“the preposition + relative pronoun” structure. Reflect on their uses and then do the following task.Task: Complete the following sentences using a preposition and a relative pronoun.▆Answers for reference:1）of which 2) for which 3) in which 4) in whom5) of which 6) to which 7) for which 8) at whichClozeComplete the following passage with words and phrases chosen from Text A. The initial letter of each target word is given.▆Answers:1) for 2) aware 3) affair 4) prospects 5) storage 6) matter 7) plunged 8) break9) offered 10) dancing 11) cleared 12) welled 13) stick 14) sacrifices 15) published Translation1. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.▆Answers for reference:1)Rumour has it that his new book is based on a true story about a family in a small Tennessee town.2)He teaches in a middle school, but he does some translation work on the side to bring in extra cash /money.3)It’s good to be confiden t (about yourself), but there’s a difference between(self-)confidence andconceit.4)Only those who stick it out can achieve success. Those who give up halfway will never realize theirdreams.5) A true hero possesses / has courage, a noble purpose and a willingness to make sacrifices.6)Anyone who picks up this novel and reads the first paragraph will be hard pressed to put it down.7)In a sense, life is like swimming; if you keep holding on to the sides of the pool, you (will) never learn.8)The future of a nation depends in a large measure upon the quality of education and training. Theme-Related Writing1) Write a narrative essay (of about 150 words) about your pursuit of a dream or someone’s experiences inmaking his / her dream come true.Sample essayLi Hui, my friend in high school, was born into a worker’s family. She began to dream of becoming a cartoon artist from her childhood. To her disappointment, her parents strongly opposed her career choice, because the cost of her education would be too high for the poor family, and they were worried about the job opportunities for a cartoon artist. However, Li Hui would not change her mind. She worked hard to perfect her skills and searched persistently for ways to realise her dream. Just before she finished high school, the chance came: a famous art school was holding a cartoon drawing competition. The first three winners would be given a scholarship to study cartoon drawing at the school. Li Hui told herself not to let the chance slip through her fingers. She readily participated and won the second place. She is now studying there and I feel certain that her dream will come true. (156 words)2) People may have different opinions about the key factors for success. Write a short essay (of about 150words) and share your opinions with your classmates.Sample essay:In my opinion, before a person becomes successful, he or she should fully understand the basic elements of success: competence, determination and optimism.For a person to succeed, he or she has to face great competition and excel in his or her chosen career. The person needs to demonstrate and prove his or her competence in dealing with problems. Without competence, the person can neither stand out among the crowd nor attract the attention of those who hold the keys to the doors of opportunity and advancement.Yet ability alone cannot guarantee success. Often enough, things do not go the way we have planned and failure is unavoidable no matter how intelligent or capable we may be. In such cases one needs to remain firm and optimistic, always believing that hard work will eventually pay off. If the person gives up halfway, successwill never knock at the door. (149 words)Enhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▇Working with Words and Expressions1. In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.■Answers:1) objective2) current3) adopt4) exhibit5) capture6) integrated7) outstanding8) strategies9) convince10) striving/strive11) diagnosed12) side13) spaced14) thick15) painful16) eventually17) fascinating18) confidence19)label20) creations2.In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.■Answers:1) at rest2) dropped out3) drying out4) drop in5) dawned on6) falls away7) drowned out8) on the sidelines9) falling out10) start over11) lose faith12) sign off▆Increasing Your Word PowerFill in each blank in the following sentences with a proper preposition given in the box.▆Answers:1) with2) to3) with4) on5) at6) with7) from8) beyond9) from10) on11) for12）to1. Study the use of but in different contexts and then do the task that follows.▆Answers for reference:1) What can we do but sit and wait for a passing car to bring us to a city nearby?2)He lied to the court not just once, but on several occasions.3)“Gone with the Wind” was/is a great movie, but it was/is a little long.4) I had/have no choice but to accept the challenge.5) The situation looked/looks desperate, but they didn’t/don’t want to give up.6）But for these interruptions, the meeting would have finished earlier.7）Who else but John would have played a trick like that?8）She was the best singer in China at that time. I could not but admire her.9）The machines we bought were cheap, but they went quite well.10）Because he had/has a sore throat he was/is unable to swallow anything but liquids.2. Word BuildingMatch each of the English words in Column A with its Chinese meaning in Column B.You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆Answers:1) j2) k3) g4) h5) i6) b7) n8) l9) f10) c11) m12) d13) a14) e。

新世纪大学英语综合教程2unit4课文详解Text B积极思维的威力：幸福生活的秘诀雷米兹·萨松积极思维就是将有利于成长、发展和成功的想法、话语和图像纳入大脑之中。

积极思维就是期待良好与顺利的结果。

积极思维的头脑期待幸福、愉悦与健康，还有在任何情况与行动中都会有成功的结局。

大脑希望有什么，就能找到什么。

并不是每个人都会接受或相信积极思维的好处。

有些人会认为这样的话题完全是一派胡言，另外的人对相信和接受积极思维的人嗤之以鼻。

而那些熟悉这个话题的人中，知道如何有效地行动而达到理想结果的也不算多。

不过，关注这个话题的人似乎越来越多，相关书籍、讲座和课程越来越多，就是明证。

这个话题已越来越流行。

常听人们对那些情绪低落而焦躁的人说：“想开点！”绝大多数人不把这样的话当回事儿，因为他们不知道这话的真实含义，或者觉得它并不实用。

试问，在你认识的人当中，有多少人曾经停下来思考过积极思维的威力到底意味着什么呢？阿伦申请了一份新工作，但他对自己评价很低，认为自己是个失败者，没有成功的资本，因此肯定自己不可能得到这份工作。

他对自己的想法是消极的，相信其他的应聘者比他好，比他更有资格。

阿伦有这样的想法是因为他之前申请过的工作大多都没有成功，因此会有消极的体验。

面试前的整整一个星期，他的脑子中都充满着关于那份工作的消极想法和恐惧。

他肯定自己不会被录取。

面试那天，他睡过头了，然后惊恐地发现他打算穿的衬衫竟是脏的，而另外一件还要熨烫。

因为已经来不及了，所以他穿着皱巴巴的衬衫就出门了。

面试过程中他很紧张，表现得很消极，顾虑着他的衬衫，再加上没时间吃早餐已经是饥肠辘辘。

所有这一切都让他分心，让他很难把精神集中在面试上。

他的整体表现给面试官留下了极坏的印象，结果他的恐惧就变成了现实，没有得到这份工作。

吉姆也申请了同一份工作，但他对此事的态度截然不同。

他很肯定自己会得到这个工作。

面试前的一个星期里，他经常想象自己给面试官留下好印象，并得到这份工作。

新世纪大学英语综合教程2作文答案作文答案Unit 1 p27 1) In my middle school years, I had a best friend. We talked about everything. And we loved singing songs together. Once, however, there was a bitter quarrel between us and we stopped talking to each other. It was obvious that both of us wanted to keep the friendship, but neither had the courage to break the ice. It went on like this for months. Then one day we were asked to write about friendship. I wrote in my composition what friendship meant to me and the misunderstanding that had separated us. It was given the top mark, and I was asked to read it in class. When I ended my my presentation presentation presentation with with with the the the words words words from from from our our our favourite favourite favourite song, song, song, my my my friend friend friend was was was singing singing singing along. along. along. All All All misunderstanding misunderstanding misunderstanding was was cleared and once again we were best friends. To break down the walls between people is easy; all it takes is a littl forgiveness! (150 words) 2) We are living in a world of distrust. We live behind cold security bars; we do not talk to strangers, let alone go ou of our way to help them; we live in fear of fake products. In short, fear and feelings of insecurity fill the environmen we live in. All this greatly harms our society. Growing up in such an environment, we tend to feel isolated and care about about ourselves ourselves ourselves only. only. only. If If If things things things go go go on on on like like like this, this, this, “trust”, “trust”, “trust”, “teamwork”, “teamwork”, “teamwork”, and and and “harmony” “harmony” “harmony” will will will eventually eventually eventually become become become terms terms unheard of. In my opinion, trusting others and being trustworthy are the two basic principles that we should follow if we want to improve human relationships. We may not be in a position to change others, but we can change the way others see us by winning their trust in us. Mutual understanding and love are the pillars that support a harmonious society. (151 words) </font> Unit 2 p59 1) Today, many college students are from single-child families. Growing up in such environments, they tend to take for for granted granted granted what what what they they they have. have. have. Some Some Some even even even develop develop develop bad bad bad habits habits habits and and and character character character flaws flaws flaws such such such as as as self-will, self-will, self-will, lack lack lack of of responsibility and selfishness. In my opinion, taking a listless attitude toward life is extremely harmful to them. With such a negative attitude, they fail to appreciate the advantages they enjoy. They waste away their precious time, seeking pleasure in running after pop stars or indulging in computer games. In the end, they may have to leave college without having acquired any useful skills or knowledge. Sometimes I think it is good for us to think more of the young people who are still struggling for their lives and education. Such an attitude would certainly impel us to cherish more our college life. And life would be more meaningful if we treat it with a gentleness, a vigor and keenness of appreciation. (155 words) 2) Being admitted to college was an important turning point in my life. I would never have been able to make it without the help and support of my parents, teachers and classmates. Throughout the time I was preparing for the entrance examination my parents were always there to back me up. They allowed me to make my own decisions about which major I wanted to pursue. What’s more, they had full confi dence in me. I was lucky enough to have had fine teachers and kind classmates. My teachers were patient and competent to explain the problems I did not understand; my classmates helped me and encouraged me all the time. We shared our hopes and anxieties together. That was a memorable time in my life! I didn’t achieve everything alone. I owe a lot to those who have helped me to get where I am. （147 words ）Unit 3 p94 1) Li Hui, my friend in high school, was born into a worker's family. She began to dream of becoming a cartoon artist from her childhood. To her disappointment, her parents strongly opposed her career choice, because the cost of her education would be too high for the poor family, and they were worried about the job opportunities for a cartoon artist. However, Li Hui would not change her mind. She worked hard to perfect her skills and searched persistently for ways to realise her dream. Just before she finished high school, the chance came: a famous art school was holding a cartoon drawing competition. The first three winners would be given a scholarship to study cartoon drawing at the school. Li Hui told herself not to let the chance slip through her fingers. She readily participated and won the second place. She is now studying there and I feel certain that her dream will come true. (156 words) 2) 2) In In In my my my opinion, opinion, opinion, before before before a a a person person person becomes becomes becomes successful, successful, successful, he he he or or or she she she should should should fully fully fully understand understand understand the the the basic basic basic elements elements elements of of success: competence, determination and optimism. For a person to succeed, he or she has to face great competition and excel in his or her chosen career. The person needs to demonstrate and prove his or her competence in dealing with problems. Without competence, the person can neither stand out among the crowd nor attract the attention of those those who who who hold hold hold the the the keys keys keys to to to the the the doors doors doors of of of opportunity opportunity opportunity and and advancement. Yet ability ability alone alone alone cannot guarantee cannot guarantee success. Often Often enough, enough, enough, things things things do do do not not not go go go the the the way way way we we we have have have planned planned planned and and and failure failure failure is is is unavoidable unavoidable unavoidable no no no matter matter matter how how how intelligent intelligent intelligent or or capable capable we we we may may may be. be. be. In In In such such such cases cases cases one one one needs needs needs to to to remain remain remain firm firm firm and and and optimistic, optimistic, optimistic, always always always believing believing believing that that that hard hard hard work work work will will eventually pay off. If the person gives up halfway, success will never knock at the door. (149 words) </font> Unit 4 p125 1) Dear Weihua, I know you are still feeling upset about your results in the college entrance examination. I've just read an article about how pessimistic and optimistic thoughts can affect our behaviour and I'm now sending you a copy, hoping that it will help you step out of the shadows.• Naturally, failing the college entrance examination can be very depressing, yet if you continue to dwell on the past, you will never be able to pick yourself up and focus on what more more important important important for for for now now now and and and the the the future. future. future. Life Life Life is is is full full full of of of trials trials trials and and and anyone anyone anyone may may may suffer suffer suffer setbacks. setbacks. setbacks. W e W e must must must take take take an an optimistic attitude towards the things we have to deal with. Optimism and positive thinking are powerful forces. Good things do come true if we picture them often. Please do have confidence in your potential. Just work hard and prepare for another chance. You will make it. • Y ours,• Janet • (152 words) 2) Thinking positively means allowing your mind to be filled with optimistic feelings, and always hoping for the best though still aware of the difficulties that might be involved. The human mind is powerful; thoughts of optimism and pessimism can be a self-fulfilling prophecy. Though it mightseem impossible to some, positive thinking and success actually have a cause-and-result relationship. The reason is that a person with positive thinking will always broadcast goodwill and confidence and that kind of radiating attitude will take a hold on everybody. Gradually, people’s attitude will will shift shift shift towards towards towards more trust and respect. This not only opens up more opportunities for the individual, but it more trust and respect. This not only opens up more opportunities for the individual, but it also feeds feeds back back back emotionally, emotionally, emotionally, and and and the the the cycle cycle cycle continues. continues. continues. Though Though Though the the the shaping shaping shaping of of of a a a positive positive positive or or or negative negative negative personality personality personality often often happens subconsciously, it is possible to control such processes consciously. A person can try visualizing favourable situations, whether it is remembering a contest won as a child or imagining getting that job offer so long sought after. Over time circumstances will change accordingly. （169 words ）Test1 p128 My View on Opportunity Different people have different views on opportunity. Some hold that there are not enough opportunities because there are far too many people. Yet others believe that there are opportunities everywhere. They say that opportunity favors the prepared mind. I agree with the latter. It is true that there is really intense competition for limited opportunities, but one can always create opportunities. Actually, most opportunities are created by people themselves. themselves. For For For example, example, example, when when when people people people lose lose lose their their their jobs, jobs, jobs, some some some will will will wait wait wait in in in vain vain vain and and and complain complain complain about about about the the the lack lack lack of of opportunities, while others choose to set about creating opportunities for themselves and taking responsibility for their own own lives. lives. lives. They They They become become become self-employed self-employed self-employed and and and may may may even even even lead lead lead a a better better life life life eventually. eventually. eventually. Therefore, Therefore, Therefore, to to to some some some extent, extent, extent, our our destiny is in our own hands. (130 words) Unit5 p175 1) 1) A A A widespread widespread widespread belief belief belief in in in modern modern modern society society society is is is that that that with with with talent, talent, talent, personal personal personal effort effort effort and and and luck luck luck alone alone alone a a a person person person can can can succeed, succeed, regardless of character. However, history has proven over and over again that the morally defective cannot be truly successful, even if they at times enjoy some temporary glory. A typical example is found in the story of four brilliant Cambridge students. They were all talented and eventually worked their way up to very important positions in the British government, with one even ending up working in Buckingham Palace. During and after World War II, however, they they betrayed betrayed betrayed their their their country country country by by by giving giving giving away away away national national national secrets secrets secrets to to to the the the Soviet Soviet Soviet Union, Union, Union, which which which damaged damaged damaged the the the interests interests interests of of Britain in many ways. Eventually what they had done was uncovered. Three of them fled the country and ended up in exile; exile; the the the fourth fourth fourth lost lost lost his his his knighthood knighthood knighthood in in in disgrace. disgrace. disgrace. “Intelligent” “Intelligent” “Intelligent” and and and “successful” “successful” “successful” as as as they they they once once once were, were, were, they they they are are are now now remembered as traitors to their country. (157 words) 2) 2) As As As modern modern modern society society society advances, advances, advances, we we we are are are growing growing growing more more more suspicious suspicious suspicious of of of each each each other. other. other. This This This is is is clearly clearly clearly reflected reflected reflected in in in our our reaction to advertisements. Instead of seeing advertisements as a source of reliable information, we tend to doubt the truth they claim and always assume that the producers are trying to trick customers into buying their products. One of the most serious consequences of such absence of mutual trust is the constant doubt and anxiety within our own minds. If we see everyone else as a potential enemy, we can no longer make new friends; if we regard all information passed on to us as lies, how can we make use of such sources effectively? Mutual trust is the glue that holds human society together. As students, we should try to foster mutual trust and help build up a moral society by our own deeds. If we are honest to others and foster mutual trust, we shall soon see the difference. (158 words) Unit6 p209 1) A Creative Person My physics professor is a very creative person. His research project for his doctoral dissertation dealt with a very complicated physics problem at a time when many others thought it was impossible to solve it. But he he creatively creatively creatively introduced introduced introduced a a a new new new concept concept concept and and and finally finally finally resolved resolved resolved the the the theoretical theoretical theoretical and and and experimental experimental experimental contradiction. contradiction. contradiction. He He possesses many unique traits. He is very energetic and hard-working. He chairs the Physics Department and teaches many hours a week. Meanwhile, he is in charge of the university’s technology research. Obviously he is a efficient worker. My professor can be eccentric, once he shocked the whole class by saying “Good physics, everyone” instead of “Good morning, everyone”. But above all, my professor has a sincere interest and a strong passion in his research field. No wonder he is highly respected by both his colleagues and his students. (140 words) 2) 2) Popular Popular Popular Say Say Sayings ings ings May May May Become Become Become “Mental “Mental “Mental Locks” Locks” Locks” To To To cultivate cultivate cultivate a a a creative creative creative mind, mind, mind, one one one needs needs needs to to to chip chip chip away away away at at at one’s one’s “mental locks”. Some of the “mental locks” are shaped by popular sayings, which sound so familiar to us that we tend to to take take take them them them for for for granted. granted. granted. Instructive Instructive Instructive as as as they they they may may may be, be, be, these these these common common common statements statements statements may may may restrict restrict restrict our our our freedom freedom freedom to to to think. think. “Look “Look before before before you you you leap!” leap!” leap!” W e W e make make make this this this remark remark remark to to to caution caution caution someone someone someone to to to think think think carefully carefully carefully before before before making making making a a a decision decision decision or or taking an action. It may seem sound advice, but it may also put him or her in a passive position. He or she may ju keep “looking” round and without making a “leap”. Similarly, we may say to the same person, “Don’t let the chance slip through your fingers!” Then, the person may be motivated to act promptly, regardless of the consequ ences. In either case, the personal may fall victim to popular sayings. So, if we want to come up with a new idea, we must break up the “mental locks” that close our minds. (166 words)Test2 p272 In our society there are some people who employ dishonest means to get what they want. To make more profits, some businessmen sell fake products. To get better scores, some students cheat in exams. But dishonesty does not pay in the long run. Those who sell fake products end up losing customers. Students who practice cheating in exams are cheating themselves. By contrast, honest people gain a clear conscience and also win the trust and respect of others. Besides, it is easier for a person with a good record to get a better job. After all, who would want a dishonest employee? B sticking to the principle of honesty, we can help make the world a better place to live in. Honesty is the best policy and it really pays to be honest. (135 words) 。

（完整版）新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程第二册习题答案Unit 1 > Key to Book ExerciseListen and RespondTask One Focusing on the Main Ideas1 Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences according to the information contained in the listening passage.1 Before graduating from college, the speaker was asked to ________.A) make a piece of cake for the classB) write down people’s response to her smileC) observe how people smile at each otherD) act kindly to someone2 While waiting for her turn to get her breakfast at the local McDonalds, the speaker ________.A) was ready to serve the two poor homeless men who smelledB) saw a terrible dirty man standing in the lineC) found that a short gentleman was waiting for his mealD) noticed that a homeless man was smiling at her3 The two poor homeless men went to the local McDonalds to ________.A) warm themselves B) have their breakfastC) wait for someone D) search for a friendly smile4 At the sight of the two homeless men, the speaker ________.A) turned away from them to join her familyB) ordered for them two cups of hot coffeeC) bought them two breakfast mealsD) asked them what they wanted to eat5 After the spe aker turned in her “project,” the speaker’s professor and her classmates ________.A) had a heated discussion about smileB) exchanged their unusual experiencesC) were deeply touched by her smileD) were greatly moved by her storyTask Two Zooming In on the DetailsListen to the recording carefully and fill in each of the blanks according to what you have heard.1 The speaker is a mother of three and has recently completed her college degree . The last project the professor assigned her to do was to go out and smile at three people and then write down their reaction .2 Soon after she was assigned the project, she went with her family to the local McDonalds on a cold March morning . Just when they were standing in line, waiting to be served, she smelled a horrible “dirty body” smell . Two poor homeless men were also standing in line. They just wanted to sitin the restaurant and warm up , so they only asked for coffee . Obviously, it was all they could afford.3 Then she was suddenly filled with sympathy . All eyes in the restaurant were set on her, judging her every action . She smiled and bought the two homeless men two breakfast meals .4 She returned to college, with this story in hand. She turned in her“ project .” Her professor read it to the whole class. The whole class was touched . She graduated with one of the biggest lessons she would ever learn —UNCONDITIONAL ACCEPTANCE .Read and ExploreTask One Discovering the Main Ideas1 Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text A.1) Why didn’t the author stop for the hitchhiker?He thought that someone else would stop for him. And he was afraid of a possible robbery.2) Did he feel guilty for not helping the young man?No. He didn’t. But he was bothered by hi s easy and quick decision of leaving the young man stranded alone in the desert.3) Why did the author decide to start his journey across America pennilessly? He wanted to test if a person could still rely solely on the kindness of strangers or the good will of his fellow Americans these days.4) What did he discover as he travelled?He found out that others shared his fear. Yet they still stubbornly helped strangers like him.5) What had happened to the trucker the author met on a rainy day?He was once robbed at knifepoint by a hitchhiker.6) What conclusion did the author draw from his experiences mentioned in Paras. 15–18?He found that people were generally compassionate. And those who had the least to give often gave the most.7) Why did Carol invite the author to talk to her class about his trip?She thought the children should be exposed to what else was out there — the good and the bad.8) What conclusion did the author make about his trip when he talked to the students?He concluded that his faith in America had been renewed and that people could still depend on the kindness of strangers.2 Text A can be divided into three parts with the paragraph number(s) of each part provided as follows. Write down the main idea of each part.Part: One; Paragraph(s): 1–7; Main Idea: Because of a past experience of neglecting a hitchhiker in need of help, the author decided to travel across America without any money to find out if one could still rely on the kindness of strangers these days.Part: Two; Paragraph(s): 8–28; Main Idea: During his trip, he found out that people were generally compassionate and willing to help although they might have fears.Part: Three; Paragraph(s):29-31; Main Idea: He talked to school children and concluded in a patriotic manner that in America people could still depend on the kindness of strangers.Task Two Reading Between the LinesRead the following sentences carefully and discuss in pairs what the author intends to say by the italicized parts.1) In the middle of the desert, I came upon a young man standing by the roadside. He had his thumb out and held a gas can in his other hand. (Para. 1)By doing so, the young man was telling the passing drivers that he wanted to hitchhike as his car had run out of gas.2) The week I turned 37, I realized I’d never taken a gamble in my life. (Para. 7)This week I would be 37 years old, yet I realized that I had always been very careful in my life and I had never taken a risk, for example, trusting on the kindness of others.3) It would be a cashless journey through the land of the almighty dollar. (Para. 7)The author is being a bit sarcastic here. He would take no money with him and travel across the US, where it is believed that money can do everything and anything. The phrase "almighty dollar" is a playful allusion to the familiar term "Almighty God"4) Yet I was treated with kindness in every state I traveled. I was amazed by the stubborn capacity of Americans to help a stranger, even when it seemed to run contrary to their own best interests. (Para. 11)I was amazed by the continual show of kindness of my fellow Americans, even though helping a stranger would mean taking a risk.5) I didn’t know whether to kiss them or scold them for stopping. (Para. 13) The author had mixed feelings: whether to kiss the two women for their kindness, or give them a lesson by cautioning them not to trust any stranger, for they could have run into a bad person instead of himself.Checking Your VocabularyWord Detective1 Choose the definition in Column B that best matches each italicized word in Column A.1) c2) d3)a4) j5)h6)b7) e8) i9) g10) f2 A synonym is a word that has the same or nearly the same meaning as another word. An antonym is a word that means the opposite of another word. Write S before each pair of synonyms and A before each pair of antonyms. The first word in each pair is taken from Text B and the corresponding paragraph number has been indicated for you.Example: S virtually, almost (Para. 1)1) S govern, control (Para. 3)2) S signal, sign (Para. 4)3) S participate, join (Para. 5)4) A heave, lower (Para. 6)5) S collapse, fall (Para. 7)6) S establish, found (Para. 10)7) S locate, situate (Para. 10)8) A occasional, frequent (Para. 15)Checking Your Comprehension1 Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text B.1) What is the author and his wife’s opinion about becoming a true friend to someone whose name they don’t know?The author and his wife used to think that it was virtually impossible to be a true friend to someone whose name they didn’t know. But now they realize they were wrong. Years of Sunday-morning bus trip through the city with the same “nameless” people have completely changed their thinking.2) Why does the author say that taking the Sunday-morning bus trip requires teamwork though they don’t know each other’s names?There is always the same group of regular passengers. The bus driver and the passengers acted routinely with due care and attention, as if they were cooperating in a team. The driver should perform his duties well and the passengers should obey the written and unwritten rules. There should be no smoking, no littering, and everyone should behave in a polite and decent manner. Under such circumstances, names are no longer important.3) What can we learn about the silent woman from Para. 5?The silent woman always sits up front and never responds to others’ greetings. Her worn clothing suggests that she is not rich. However, she is considerate enough to bring the bus driver a cup of coffee each time she takes the bus ride.4) Why does the factory security guard always slump down in his seat with his eyes closed?He has just come off a long night shift and he feels sleepy and tired.5) Why was the bus very late one Sunday morning?On that morning a regular passenger collapsed on the sidewalk as he was moving forward to board the bus. The other passengers tried to help him and waited with him for an ambulance to arrive.6) What do you know about the Mexican couple?The Mexican couple love each other very much. They always board the bus hand in hand and are still holding hands when they get off the bus. The woman was pregnant late last year and now they have a new baby. All the regular passengers feel happy for the young Mexican couple.7) Why do the passengers enjoy the company of a group of Haitians?The Haitians have a great sense of fun. The passengers are all delighted to have their company. They always chuckle and nod when the Haitians are all aboard.8) Why is the woman who sits up front always silent?She has a speech impediment. Talking is hard for her.9) What do you know about the silent woman’s family life?She is a single mother with a disabled son who is receiving special care away from home. She lives alone and feels lonely and misses her son very much. The Sunday-morning bus ride is the best thing she does all week, and an occasional visit to the fish restaurant is almost as good as the second best thing. She rides the Sunday-morning bus simply for the companionship of the driver whose name she doesn't know, but who appreciates the hot coffee she brings.10) How did the author and his wife feel about the dinner with the silent woman?They all had a wonderful time. For the silent woman, an occasional visit to the fish restaurant was a pleasant experience and this time it was even better with the companionship of the author and his wife. The author and his wife also enjoyed the dinner and they felt thatthe fish had never tasted better. When they left the restaurant, they were already friends with each other. And they shared their names.2 Read the following statements and then decide whether each of them is true or false based on the information contained in Text B. Write T for True and F for False in the space provided before each statement.1) T On Sundays the author and his wife take the bus to go to church regularly for years.2) F The bus driver is required to remember the stop of every regular passenger.(He is not required to do so. But he makes it his business to remember where every regular passenger should get off the bus.)3) F The silent woman always gets the driver a cup of coffee because she is well-off.(The worn clothing of the silent woman su ggests she doesn’t have much money to spare, but she always clutches an extra cup of coffee for the driver.)4) F The driver has to wake up the factory security guard every time and reminds him of getting off the bus.(The security guard closes his eyes until the precise moment that the bus approaches his stop. Then, he opens his eyes and gets off the bus.)5) T The rotund fellow is very grateful because other people have helped him.6) T The passengers enjoy their ride together and words or names are not necessary to them.7) F The author and his wife developed a good relationship with the silent woman after taking the same bus for some months.(For many months, the only sadness for the author and his wife is that they can’t establish the same rapport with the silent woman.)8) F They found their fish tasted better because they shared a good dinner with the silent woman.(They found their fish tasted better because they had finally learned the story of the silent woman and made friends with her.)Enhance Your Language AwarenessWords in ActionWorking with Words and Expressions1 In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.1) My neighbours are a friendly bunch of people.2) Dave amazed his friends by leaving a well-paid job to travel around the world.3) The employees in this company work an eight-hour shift .4) The professor came to the classroom with a bundle of newspapers under his arm.5) A passenger asked the driver: “Could you drop me off near the post office? I’d like to post a letter.”6) The little girl’s capacity for learning languages astonished me.7) How many countries will be participating in the Olympic Games?8) I like the typically French style of living. It is so romantic.9) They have made their fortunes from industry and commerce .10) They threatened to shoot him and rob him of all his possessions.11) In many cultures, the lion is the symbol of courage.12) Your help was greatly appreciated . We are very grateful to you for it.13) It’s the first time the painting has been displayed to the public.14) During the exam, the naughty boy tried to slip a note to his classmate while the teacher wasn’t looking.15) As the saying goes, conquer the desires, or they will conquer you.16) Before the dinner party, Mother has ordered a roast from the butcher.17) I didn’t wait for you at home because I figured that you wouldn’t come.2 In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.1) In this painting, a single red rose stands in rich contrast to the grassland.2) The factory workers are exposed to poisonous gases and many of them suffer from lung diseases.3) During the war, the soldier risked his life helping others to escape.4) Do trust me. You can rely on me to keep your secret.5) If you are attacked or robbed at knifepoint , how would you react then?6) She is such an extraordinary girl that she always stands out in a crowd.7) Obviously, this foolish idea runs contrary to common sense(常识).8) I was very tired and had to flag down a taxi in order to get home early.9) The mother picks/picked up her children from the kindergarten at 5:00 p.m. every day.10) The publishers took a gamble on an unknown author, and the books have sold well.11) The driver waved to us as he pulled away .12) The driver pulled over to the side of the road to see what was wrong with his truck.Increasing Your Word Power1 CollocationsLook at the adverbs listed in the box below, and decide which adverb is needed to collocate with the verb in each sentence. Fill the correct adverb into the blank in the sentence. The same word may be used in more than one sentence. Consult a dictionary if necessary.1) No need to thank me — I was just glad to help out a friend.2) Yesterday a drunken man was run over and killed by a bus.3) When I look back on my college days, I can’t believe the crazy things we did as students.4) He looks down on his colleagues because he has a PhD degree but they don’t have.5) A policeman was standing by the side of the road, signaling to me to pull over .6) Peter didn’t have anywhere to stay so Sarah put him up for a few days.7) Don’t worry. Everything will turn out well.8) You promised you would do it. Why did you go back on your word?9) Their business was losing money so they had to close down .10) You can’t miss him. That haircut makes him stand out in a crowd.11) I gave up smoking when I got pregnant.12) The doctor checked her over yesterday. All the tests were OK and she seemed to be fine.13) She tends to hang back in a crowd because she is so shy.14) What problems should I watch out for when buying an old house? I don’t want to be cheated.15) They offered her the job but she didn’t like it and turned it down .16) It’s hard to comfort Sandra. She doesn’t seem able to get over her mother’s death.2 Study the different meanings of the word than in the following sentences.Task: Now put the following sentences into English, using than in your translation.1) 行动比言语更响亮。

Unit TwoOptimism and Positive ThinkingEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▆Working with Words and Expressions1.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentenceswith them. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:1)positive2)startled3)perspective4)harden5)shape6)address7)crises8)curse9)incredible10)conversely11)issue12)response13)prior14)rare15)accomplish2.In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand theirmeanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:1)get the hang of2)have lived through3)makes a difference4)have no idea5)concerned with6)slipped over7)ran into8)in reverse9)mull over▆Increasing Your Word Power1.Decide whether “do”, “make” or “take” is needed to complete each of the following sentences. Changethe verb form where necessary.▆Answers:1)does2)make3)take4)do5)make6)Take7)done8)taken9)making10)took2.In each of the following sentences you are given two confusable words or expressions in brackets.Choose the appropriate one to fill in the blank. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆Answers:1)concerned2)Concerning3)reject4)declined5)unconscious6)subconscious7)former8)preceding9)raise10)rise3.Now match each of the English word in Column A with its Chinese equivalent in Column B. You mayconsult a dictionary if necessary.▆Answers:1)d2)j3)k4)a5)b6)h7) c8)f9)l10)e11)g12)iGRAMMAR IN CONTEXTTask 1: When it is used as a conjunction, “as” can mean “when / while”, “though / although”, “since / because”, “in the way / manner tha t”, etc., and it can also be used in a comparative structure. Study the following sentences and explain the meaning of “as” in each sentence.▆Answers for reference:1)in the way /manner that2)though / although3)when4)since5)used in a comparison6)though7)while8)in the way thatTask 2: Complete the following sentences after the example by translating theChinese into English, using “as” as a relative pronoun.▆Answers for reference:1)as you describe / have described / described2)as concern every one of us3)As is well known4)As we all can see5)as you show / as you have shown for your teacher6)As is reported / announced in today’s papersClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.▆Answers:1)p erspective2)d espair3)necessity4)p erform5)C onversely6)prophecy7)w here8)a s9)a chieve10)recognize11)d ealt w ith12)a ttitude13)channels14)c oncernedTranslate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.▆Answers for reference:1)Only those who have lived through a similar experience can fully appreciate this. / The only people who can fullyappreciate this are those who have lived through asimilar experience.2)Scientists have been hard pressed to figure out how these particles form/ areformed and interact (with oneanother).3)Those who have got the hang of Rubik’s Cube (Magic Cube) can return each face toconsisting of one colour in notime.4)The individual success of the employees in a team environment results in successfor the company.5)The war, although successful in military terms, left the economy almost in ruins.6)He decided to channel his energies into something useful, instead of being glued to /sitting in front of theTV set all day long.7)There’s a difference between strength and courage. It takes strength to survive. Ittakes courage to live.8)She was by nature a very affectionate person, always ready to give a helping hand to others. Theme-Related WritingDo either of the following two writing tasks. You may draw on some useful ideasand expressions from a variety of sources, such as the two texts in this unit or theInternet.1) Having read the two passages in this unit, you may have come to a better understanding of life and the timeswhen pessimistic and optimistic thoughts take turns to affect your behaviour. Write a letter of encouragement (of about 150 words) to one of your high school friends who failed in the college entrance examination. Tell him or her about your new understanding of the need to remain optimistic.2) The writers of the two texts in this unit convey to us the message that we need to look at the positive side ofanything that comes to us and that we need to take an optimistic and positive attitude toward life. Write an essay (of about 150 words) to share your ideas with your classmates. The following hints may be of some help:a. What is meant by “thinking positively”?b. What is the connection between success and optimism?c. How can we keep an optimistic and positive attitude?▆Sample Letter for Task 1:Dear Weihua,I know you are still feeling upset about your results in the college entrance examination. I’ve just read an article about how pessimistic and optimistic thoughts can affect our behaviour and I’m now sendi ng you a copy, hoping that it will help you step out of the shadows.Naturally, failing the college entrance examination can be very depressing, yet if you continue to dwell on the past, you will never be able to pick yourself up and focus on what is more important for now and the future. Life is full of trials and anyone may suffer setbacks. We must take an optimistic attitude towards the things we have to deal with. Optimism and positive thinking are powerful forces. Good things do come true if we picture them often. Please do have confidence in your potential. Just work hard and prepare for another chance.You will make it.Yours,Janet(152 words)▆Sample Essay for Task 2:Thinking positively means allowing your mind to be filled with optimistic feelings, and always hoping for the best though still aware of the difficulties that might be involved.The human mind is powerful。