英语高频同义词归类与辨析资料讲解
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英语六级中的同义词辨析与词汇积累英语是一门世界性的语言,对于掌握英语的能力,不仅在学业中有着重要的作用,也对个人的职业发展和国际交流起到了关键性的影响。
在英语学习中,同义词的辨析和词汇的积累是学习者常常遇到的难题之一。
本文将探讨英语六级考试中的同义词辨析问题,并分享一些词汇积累的技巧和方法。
一、同义词辨析理解并正确使用同义词是英语学习的关键之一。
同义词在六级考试中经常出现,深入了解它们的含义和使用场景,能够帮助我们更好地理解和应用英语。
1. Sensible vs. Reasonable这两个词常常会混淆,但其含义有所不同。
Sensible一词表示“明智的”、“合理的”,侧重指做事情有理智和判断力。
例如,We need to make sensible decisions based on the available information(我们需要根据可用的信息做出明智的决策)。
而reasonable一词表示“合乎情理的”、“公正的”,侧重指符合一般标准或期望。
例如,The price of the product is reasonable(这个产品的价格合理)。
2. Comprehend vs. Understand这两个词都表示理解某个事物,但含义和用法有所区别。
Comprehend指对事物有彻底的理解和领悟,强调借助于思考和分析来获得全面的理解。
例如,I can't comprehend why he made such a decision(我无法理解他为什么会做出那样的决定)。
而understand则强调对事物的了解和掌握,指某人对某个事物有基本的认知。
例如,I understand what you mean(我理解你的意思)。
3. Abandon vs. Desert这两个词都表示“抛弃”、“离弃”,但用法和含义略有不同。
Abandon指主动地抛弃或放弃某事,强调主体的积极行为。
同义词辨析1.assess,estimate, appraise, evaluate对客体的重要性形成定论,评估,估算,评价【辨析】estimate [ˈestimeit]暗示评价的主观性和不精确(有名词)appraise [əˈpreɪz] 表示专业水准的评估,名词appraisalassess [əˈses]表示为确定某物的应税价值而做出的权威估价evaluate [iˈvæljueit]表示在确定价值时经过了深思熟虑,不一定是金钱价值2. assume, suppose假定, 设想,担任; 承担; 接受【辨析】suppose [səˈpəuz]最不正式,表示根据一定证据做出的见解,assume [əˈsju:m] 用于逻辑推理,强调一种缺乏证据的结论,以检验某种建议。
3. consistent, persistent【辨析】consistent [kənˈsistənt]表明持之以恒,表明一种好的意志品质persistent [pəˈsistənt]也有坚持的含义,但有时表明顽固不化。
4.create,compose, invent, design, produce, manufacture创造, 创作, 引起, 造成【辨析】create [kriˈeit]指“ 创造出原来不存在或与众不同的事物”, compose [kəmˈpəuz]指“ 创作(诗、画、音乐或文章等)”com是在一起,manufacture [ˌmænjuˈfæktʃə]强调大规模制造5.evident, apparently.明显, 显著, 明白, 迹象【辨析】evident [ˈevidənt]指明显的有根据,所以表达作者的赞成apparently [əˈpærəntlɪ] 指看起来的明显,但事实并非如此,经常是假象。
6.factors,element, ingredient.因素,要素,因数【辨析】factor [ˈfæktə] 具有数学及解析意味,是一个整体的成分;element [ˈelimənt] 强调这一部分是基础性的,不可或缺的,如元素;ingredient [inˈɡri:djənt]只是表明构成一种混合物的成分。
英语语法同义词辨析详解build, foundbuild, found, set up一、build 动词、名词。
动词表示“修建、建筑、建造”。
一般是指建造有形的具体的东西,如桥梁、道路、房屋、船舶等。
侧重建造过程,强调动作,用得最广。
例如:We built our hospital with our own hand.我们用双手建设我们的医院。
They built a dam last year. 他们去年建了一个水坝。
He built me a model ship out of wood.他用木头给我做了一个船模。
二、found动词。
意思是“创建、创立、创始、修建、兴建”。
一般是指创办、创造一个新的组织机构或单位。
如建立一个国家、学校、医院、工厂等。
例如:The hospital was founded in 1937. 这家医院是1937年创建的。
The People's Republic of China was founded on October 1, 1949。
中华人民共和国成立于1949年10月1日。
The Romans founded a great city on the banks of the river. 罗马人在这条河的两岸修建了一座大都市。
三、set up 意思是“竖起来、立起来、支起来、建立、成立”。
一般是指机构、设施的建立,可以用于具体事物,但更多地用于抽象的事物。
例如:We shall set up camps here. 我们将在这里支搭帐篷。
A clinic was set up in the small village in 2011.这个小村庄在2011年建了一家卫生所。
The government set up a committee to examine the fishing industry. 政府设立了一个委员会检查渔业。
break,rest一、break 名词、动词。
英语高频同义词归类与辨析(总3页)--本页仅作为文档封面,使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--英语高频同义词归类与辨析-第一辑动词A1.吸引,使着迷attract,allure,lure,charm,woo,tempt,enchant,seduce,entice,bewilder,bewitch,beguil ,siren,lure,fascination,glamour2.诱骗,诱拐 abduct,cajole,coax,con3.使迷惑confuse,perplex,puzzle使清楚,解释,显示 explain,illustrate,show,betray,demonstrate,spellout,explicate,intreprete,decipher,decode,unravel,illuminate,specify,clarify,straighten out,显示;标志 sign,symbol,tip ;征兆 token,omenB引起;arise,rouse,intrigue,evoke,provoke,kindle,call forth,bring out,elicit,excite,invite,激发;excite,spark, inspire,stimulate发展;develop,evolve,progress,prosper,thrive,blossom,bloom,flourish促进;promote,foster,boost鼓励,推动;impel,encourage, motivate,mobilize,spur,lash.incentive优化 ;optmize,better,improve改善;improve,upgrade,refine发扬;carry forward阻碍inhabit,prevent,hamper,block,curb,bar,barrier,hinder,hinderance,obstacle,cumber,obs truct(obstruction),block,推迟;defer,delay,postpone,abjourn,put off, ajourn干扰;upset,bother,disturbe,annoy,vex,tease,harness干涉,interfere,meddle (with),butt inn. 麻烦 ado,hustle andbustle,fuss,commotion起伏;wax and wane,ups and downs, vicissitudes禁止;prohibit,ban, forbid中断;suspend,split,break up,disrupt限制limit,restrict,abstain,confine,restrain,refrainC支持,赞成support,back,applaud同意approve(of)反对D寻找;search,fumble,rummage,scour,ransack(for),pursue,hunt(for)quest of发现;find,discover,unearth,dig out,root out,觉察;notice,sense,detect,precieve,sniff outE给予;give,offer,render,confer,endow,grant,bestow奉献;devote,delicate,consecrate得到,取得;get,achieve, acquire, obtain,attain,gain,procure,claim剥夺,deprive,bereave,侵占,appropriate,embezzleF加强;strenthen,intensify,increase(the effort), reinforce step up,bloster,beef up ,stout, sturdy,tough,削弱Weaken,sap,undermine,impair,negate,discredit,invalidatea.脆弱breakable,delicate,fragile,frailG赞扬praise,appraise,commend,acclaim,enobleFlatter批评;blame,criticize,scold,reproach,reprove,rebuke谴责;condemn,censureH承认admit,acknowledge,confess,profess宣告declare,announceb否认denyI上升;increase,rise,soar,ascend下降;descend,slumpJ尊敬;respect崇拜admire,adore,idolize,worship, glorify,pay tribute toto,idolatry,reverence,fetish重视;emphasize,accentuate,stress,attach importance to轻视scorn,contempt,defy,scornK增加;add to,increase,减少;reduce,lessen,decrease,diminish去除;erase,rub out,wipe,remove,eliminate,leave out,shedL欲求,want,long for,desire,aspire,crave,covet探索explore,exploit尝试 try,attempt,undertake塑造,shape,mold,mould设计,发明,devise, invent, design,计划,谋划;plan,plot,intrigue,scheme,conspirate,hatchM思考;thinkover,consider,ponder,brood,ponder,reckon,deliberate,probe,comtemplate,reflect,med itate,concept,thought,thinking,ideology认为,consider,think,deem,believe,deem,assume,regar立场;stance,opinion态度;altitude想象;imagine,conceive(of),envision理解;understand, comprehend回忆;recall,recollect,reminisce,remind推测;infer猜测;guess,assume,presume,suppose。
英语高频同义词归类与辨析-第一辑动词A1.吸引,使着迷attract,allure,lure,charm,woo,tempt,enchant,seduce,entice,bewilder,bewitch,beguil ,siren,lure,fascination,glamour2.诱骗,诱拐 abduct,cajole,coax,con3.使迷惑confuse,perplex,puzzle使清楚,解释,显示 explain,illustrate,show,betray,demonstrate,spellout,explicate,intreprete,decipher,decode,unravel,illuminate,specify,clarify,strai ghten out,显示;标志 sign,symbol,tip ;征兆 token,omenB引起;arise,rouse,intrigue,evoke,provoke,kindle,call forth,bring out,elicit,excite,invite,激发;excite,spark, inspire,stimulate发展;develop,evolve,progress,prosper,thrive,blossom,bloom,flourish促进;promote,foster,boost鼓励,推动;impel,encourage, motivate,mobilize,spur,lash.incentive优化;optmize,better,improve改善;improve,upgrade,refine发扬;carry forward阻碍inhabit,prevent,hamper,block,curb,bar,barrier,hinder,hinderance,obstacle,cumber,o bstruct(obstruction),block,推迟;defer,delay,postpone,abjourn,put off, ajourn干扰;upset,bother,disturbe,annoy,vex,tease,harness干涉,interfere,meddle(with),butt inn. 麻烦 ado,hustle andbustle,fuss,commotion起伏;wax and wane,ups and downs, vicissitudes禁止;prohibit,ban, forbid中断;suspend,split,break up,disrupt限制limit,restrict,abstain,confine,restrain,refrainC支持,赞成support,back,applaud同意approve(of)反对D寻找;search,fumble,rummage,scour,ransack(for),pursue,hunt(for)quest of发现;find,discover,unearth,dig out,root out,觉察;notice,sense,detect,precieve,sniff out给予;give,offer,render,confer,endow,grant,bestow奉献;devote,delicate,consecrate得到,取得;get,achieve, acquire, obtain,attain,gain,procure,claim剥夺,deprive,bereave,侵占,appropriate,embezzleF加强;strenthen,intensify,increase(the effort), reinforce step up,bloster,beef up ,stout, sturdy,tough,削弱Weaken,sap,undermine,impair,negate,discredit,invalidatea.脆弱breakable,delicate,fragile,frailG赞扬praise,appraise,commend,acclaim,enobleFlatter批评;blame,criticize,scold,reproach,reprove,rebuke谴责;condemn,censureH承认admit,acknowledge,confess,profess宣告declare,announceb否认denyI上升;increase,rise,soar,ascend下降;descend,slumpJ尊敬;respect崇拜admire,adore,idolize,worship, glorify,pay tribute toto,idolatry,reverence,fetish重视;emphasize,accentuate,stress,attach importance to轻视scorn,contempt,defy,scornK增加;add to,increase,减少;reduce,lessen,decrease,diminish去除;erase,rub out,wipe,remove,eliminate,leave out,shedL欲求,want,long for,desire,aspire,crave,covet探索explore,exploit尝试 try,attempt,undertake塑造,shape,mold,mould设计,发明,devise, invent, design,计划,谋划;plan,plot,intrigue,scheme,conspirate,hatch思考;thinkover,consider,ponder,brood,ponder,reckon,deliberate,probe,comtemplate,reflect,med itate,concept,thought,thinking,ideology认为,consider,think,deem,believe,deem,assume,regar立场;stance,opinion态度;altitude想象;imagine,conceive(of),envision理解;understand, comprehend回忆;recall,recollect,reminisce,remind推测;infer猜测;guess,assume,presume,suppose。
高考英语中高频近义词或同义词辨析(1)grain; corn; cropgrain:指稻、麦等谷类及其粒子。
corn:主要指大麦、小麦、燕麦、裸麦、玉蜀黍这5种谷物及其粒子。
crop:指谷物或果类等一年或一季的收成,也可指地里的农业作物或谷物。
Farmers grow grain and keep cattle.农人种谷养牛。
He filled the barn to the roof with corn.他将谷仓装满了谷物。
The main crop is wheat and this is grown even on the very steep slopes.主要作物是小麦,就连很陡的坡地都种上了小麦。
(2)hurt; wound; injure; harmhurt:表示“肉体或情感上的痛苦,强调疼痛感”。
wound:表示“由于剑、刀、枪等锐器造成身体上较严重的外伤,特别是在战争中受伤”。
injure:表示“指意外事故或偶发事件造成的伤害”。
harm: 表示“引发疼痛、痛苦或损失,其对象可以是自己,也可以是其他人或物”。
Many people were hurt when a bus and a truck collided.一辆公共汽车和一辆卡车相撞,许多人受了伤。
The soldier was wounded in the arm.这个士兵的胳膊受伤了。
There were two people injured in the car accident.有两个人在车祸中受了伤。
Getting up early won‟t harm you!早起对你没有坏处。
(3)affair; thing; matter; businessaffair:意为“事情、事件”, 含义较广,泛指已做或待做的事。
复数affairs一般指商业事务及政府的日常事务,如财政管理、外交事务等。
thing:意为“事情、事物”,无论大事小事、好事坏事均称为thing,一般不能专指事务。
10组高频高考英语近义词用法辨析一. advise/persuade/suggest的用法区别1. suggest①当"建议"解,可接名词、动名词和宾语从句,不能接不定式。
May I suggest going (to go 误) there by train?我建议坐火车去那里如何?② suggest还可接句型“to sb.+从句”。
I suggested to him that John (should) be fired.我向他建议把约翰开除。
2. advice / advise作"劝告,忠告"解,有下列四种用法:advise sth.或doing sth.advise sb. (not) to do sth.advise sb. against sth.或doing sth.advise(sb.) that sb.(should) do sth.She advised prudence.她劝告(我们)应谨慎从事。
He advised waiting till the proper time.他劝告(我们)等到适当时机才行动。
I advised him (not) to do it now.我劝他现在(不要)做此事。
I advised him against doing it now.我劝他不要现在做此事。
I advised (him) that he (should) do it now.我劝他现在就做此事。
advise后面加sb. (not) to do...,而suggest后面必须加sb.(或者sb.'s)doing...,当然两者都可以接宾语从句,注意宾语从句的动词形式必须是(should) (not) do...。
如下面三个句子:a.I advise my father to stop smoking.b.I suggest my father( father's) stopping smoking.c.I advise/suggest (that) my father (should) stop smoking.3. persuade后面接sb. to do...,它的特别之处是它表示结果,不表示动作,是"成功地劝说,说服"的意思。
高考高频同义近义词语辨析1. common, general, normal, ordinary,usualcommon,general,normal,ordinary 和 usual 意思相近,区别如下:(1)common 主要的含义是“常见的”、“普通的”、“不足为奇的”,有时可以引伸为“平凡”的意思。
也有“共有”、“公有”的意思。
例如:The common man isn't usually interested in such matters. 一般人通常对这样的事不感兴趣。
They lack common sense. They have something in common. 他们缺少常识,他们有共同之处。
It has become common knowledge. 这已成为众所周知的事情。
They all have some common sense bout typhoon. 他们大家都有一些台风的常识。
This is a common occurrence. 像这样的事常常发生(没有什么奇怪的)。
These two books have very little in common. 这两本书没有什么共同点。
(2) general “普通”、“一般”, 侧重“普遍”之意,表示在大多数人或物中流行病受到关注,其反义词为special。
例如:The general impression was that it had improved. 普遍认为情况已有改善。
It is a matter of general interest. 这是一件人们普遍感兴趣的事。
The book is intended for the general readers, not for the specialist. 这本书视为一般读者写的,不是为专家写的。
Generally speaking, young people have better memories than the old. 一般说来,青年人的记性比老年人好。
英语高频同义词归类
与辨析
英语高频同义词归类与辨析-第一辑动词
A
1.吸引,使着迷
attract,allure,lure,charm,woo,tempt,enchant,seduce,entice,bewilder,bewitch,beguil
n.charm,siren,lure,fascination,glamour
2.诱骗,诱拐 abduct,cajole,coax,con
3.使迷惑confuse,perplex,puzzle
⇔使清楚,解释,显示 explain,illustrate,show,betray,demonstrate,spell
out,explicate,intreprete,decipher,decode,unravel,illuminate,specify,clarify,straighten out,
显示;标志 sign,symbol,tip ;征兆 token,omen
B
引起;
arise,rouse,intrigue,evoke,provoke,kindle,call forth,bring
out,elicit,excite,invite,contriven.catalyst
激发;excite,spark, inspire,stimulate
发展;develop,evolve,progress,prosper,thrive,blossom,bloom,flourish
促进;promote,foster,boost
鼓励,推动;impel,encourage, motivate,mobilize,spur,lash. incentive
优化 ;optmize,better,improve
改善;improve,upgrade,refine
发扬;carry forward
⇔阻碍
inhabit,prevent,hamper,block,curb,bar,barrier,hinder,hinderance,obstacle,cumber,obstru ct(obstruction),block,
推迟;defer,delay,postpone,abjourn,put off, ajourn
干扰;upset,bother,disturbe,annoy,vex,tease,harness干涉,interfere,meddle (with),butt in
n. 麻烦 ado,hustle andbustle,fuss,commotion
起伏;wax and wane,ups and downs, vicissitudes
禁止;prohibit,ban, forbid
中断;suspend,split,break up,disrupt
限制limit,restrict,abstain,confine,restrain,refrain
C
支持,赞成
support,back,applaud
同意approve(of)
⇔反对
D
寻找;search,fumble,rummage,scour,ransack(for),pursue,hunt(for)
n.in quest of
发现;find,discover,unearth,dig out,root out,
觉察;notice,sense,detect,precieve,sniff out
E
给予;give,offer,render,confer,endow,grant,bestow
奉献;devote,delicate,consecrate
得到,取得;get,achieve, acquire, obtain,attain,gain,procure,claim
剥夺,deprive,bereave,
侵占,appropriate,embezzle
⇔
F
加强;strenthen,intensify,increase(the effort), reinforce step up,bloster,beef up
a.strong,stout, sturdy,tough,
⇔削弱
Weaken,sap,
undermine,impair,negate,discredit,invalidate
a.脆弱breakable,delicate,fragile,frail
G
赞扬praise,appraise,commend,acclaim,enoble
Flatter
pliment
批评;blame,criticize,scold,reproach,reprove,rebuke
谴责;condemn,censure
H
承认admit,acknowledge,confess,profess
宣告declare,announceb
否认deny
I
上升;increase,rise,soar,ascend
下降;descend,slump
J
尊敬;respect
崇拜admire,adore,idolize,worship, glorify,pay tribute to n.homage to,idolatry,reverence,fetish
重视;emphasize,accentuate,stress,attach importance to ⇔轻视scorn,contempt,defy,scorn
K
增加;add to,increase,
减少;reduce,lessen,decrease,diminish
去除;erase,rub out,wipe,remove,eliminate,leave out,shed
L
欲求,want,long for,desire,aspire,crave,covet
探索explore,exploit
尝试 try,attempt,undertake
塑造,shape,mold,mould
设计,发明,devise, invent, design,
计划,谋划;plan,plot,intrigue,scheme,conspirate,hatch
M
思考;
think
over,consider,ponder,brood,ponder,reckon,deliberate,probe,comtemplate,reflect,meditat e
n.idea,concept,thought,thinking,ideology
认为,consider,think,deem,believe,deem,assume,regar
立场;stance,opinion
态度;altitude
想象;imagine,conceive(of),envision
理解;understand, comprehend
←回忆;recall,recollect,reminisce,remind
→推测;infer
猜测;guess,assume,presume,suppose。