口腔正畸学词汇.docx
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一、名解1、理想正常牙合(ideal normal occlusion):Angle提出,即保存全副牙齿,牙齿在上下牙弓上排列得很整齐,上下牙的尖窝关系完全正确,上下牙弓的牙合关系非常理想。
2、个别正常牙合(individual normal occlusion):凡轻微的错牙合畸形,对于生理过程无大妨碍者,都可列入正常牙合范畴。
这种正常范畴内的个体牙合,彼此之间又有不同,故称之为个别正常牙合。
3、灵长间隙(primate space):生长发育过程中,在上颌乳尖牙的近中和下颌乳尖牙的远中出现间隙,一般称为灵长间隙,这是灵长动物的特征。
4、替牙间隙(leeway space):乳尖牙及第一、二乳磨牙的牙冠宽度总和,比替换后的恒尖牙和第一、二前磨牙大,这个差称为替牙间隙。
5、必需间隙或牙弓应有长度(space required):即牙弓内各牙齿牙冠宽度的总和,一般测量下颌第一磨牙前牙弓内各个牙的牙冠宽度,其总和为牙弓应有长度或必需间隙。
6、可用间隙或牙弓现有长度(space available):即牙弓整体弧形的长度,一般测量下颌六龄牙前部牙弓的整体弧长。
7、拥挤度:牙弓应有长度与牙弓现有长度之差或必需间隙与可用间隙之差,即为牙弓的拥挤度。
8、Moyers预测法(P65):Moyers提出的用下颌恒切牙的牙冠宽度总和来预测替牙列期未萌出的上下颌尖牙与前磨牙牙冠宽度的方法。
9、Bolton指数分析(P66):通过测量得出上下前牙牙冠宽度总和的比例关系与上下牙弓全部牙牙冠宽度总和的比例关系,来诊断患者上下牙弓中是否存在牙冠宽度不协调的问题。
10、Pont指数分析(P67):牙冠宽度与牙弓宽度之间存在一定的比例关系。
11、ANB:上齿槽座点、鼻根点与下齿槽座点构成的角,即SNA与SNB之差,反映上下颌骨对颅部的相互位置关系。
12、SNB:蝶鞍中心、鼻根点及下齿槽座点所构成的角,反映下颌相对于颅部的位置关系。
口腔正畸学单词口腔正畸学单词Orthodontics 口腔正畸学American Board Orthodontists 美国正畸学会Differentiation 分化Translocation 改位、易位Orthopedic devices 矫形治疗措施Functional jaw orthopedic 功能颌骨矫形Cephalocaudal gradient of growth生长的头尾增减率Pattern of growth 生长型Pattern of facial growth 面部生长型Average growth pattern 平均生长型Horizontal growth pattern 水平生长型Vertical growth pattern 垂直生长型Balanced growth 平衡生长Growth variability 生长变异Chronometry 颅测量术Cephalometic radiography 线头影测量术Displacement 骨移位Primary displacement 原发性骨移位Secondary displacement 继发性骨移位Premature hypostasis 骨缝早融Skeletal craniofacial developmentsyndrones颅面发育综合征Oxycephaly 尖头畸形Brachycephaly 短头畸形Scaphocephaly 舟状头畸形Chondrocranium 软骨性颅Desmocranium 头颅Cranial base 颅底Spheno-occipital synchondrosis 蝶枕软骨联合Inter-sphenoid synchondrosis蝶骨间软骨联合Spheno-ethmoid synchondrosis 蝶筛软骨联合Growth of masomaxillary complex鼻上颌复合体的生长Masomaxillary complex 鼻上颌复合体Nasal septum 鼻中隔Frontal-maxillarysuture 额颌缝Eygomatic-maxillarysurure 颧颌缝Eygomatic-temporal suture 颧颞缝Pterygo-palatin suture 翼颌缝Mandible 下颌骨Genial angle 下颌角External rotation 外旋转Internal rotation 内旋转Total rotation 总旋转Intramatrix rotation 基质内旋转Hypertrophy 肥大Hyperplasia 增生Acceptable compromises 可接受的折中值Treatment goal individualized个体化治疗目标Total discrepancy 上下牙弓总不调量Discrepancy 牙弓不调量Available space 可用间隙Requried space 必需间隙Relocation 复位Expansion 扩大牙弓Intermaxillary 颌间Extraction 拔牙supra- 表示[在上; 在远方]之义Visual treatment objective 治疗目标预测法Mesiofacial type 中间型Brachyfacial type 短面型Dalichofacial type 长面型Guadrilateral analysis 四边形分析法Sassauni analysis 正位片(后前位)的分析法Ritucci-Burston 颏顶位分析法Soft tissue facial angle 软组织面角Nose prominence 鼻突度Superior sulcus depth 上唇沟深H-line to subnasale 鼻下点至H线距Skeletal profile convexity 骨侧面突度Upper lip strain measurement 上唇紧张度Lower lip to H-line 下唇H线距Inferior sulcus to H-line 颏唇沟深度Soft tissue chin thickness 颏部软组织厚度Esthetic plane、E-Plane 审美平面Mesioversion 近中错位Distoversion 远中错位Linguoversion 舌向错位Labioversion 唇向错位Infraversion 低位(牙合下错位)Supraversion 高位(牙合上错位)Torsiversion 旋转Axisversion 斜轴Transversion 易位Ba-N 全颅底平面N-Pog 面平面Nba-PtGn 面轴角Pt-Gn 面轴FH-Npog 面角FH-MP 下颌平面角MP-NPg 颏角ANS-Xi-Pm 下面高角Dc-Xi-Pm 下颌弓角A-Npog A点突度L1-Apog 下中切牙突距,下中切牙倾斜度PTV-U1 上颌第一磨牙位置L1-EP 下唇位置N 鼻根点S 蝶鞍点Ba 颅底点Bo Bolton点Po 耳点Or 眶点ANS 前鼻棘点PNS 后鼻棘点Ptm 翼上颌裂点Pt 翼点B 下牙槽座点Pm Pm点,下颌前缘部B点到颏前点间,由凹至凸的移行交界点。
口腔正畸学单词Orthodontics 口腔正畸学American Board Orthodontists 美国正畸学会Differentiation 分化Translocation 改位、易位Orthopedic devices 矫形治疗措施Functional jaw orthopedic 功能颌骨矫形Cephalocaudal gradient of growth生长的头尾增减率Pattern of growth 生长型Pattern of facial growth 面部生长型Average growth pattern 平均生长型Horizontal growth pattern 水平生长型Vertical growth pattern 垂直生长型Balanced growth 平衡生长Growth variability 生长变异Chronometry 颅测量术Cephalometic radiography 线头影测量术Displacement 骨移位Primary displacement 原发性骨移位Secondary displacement 继发性骨移位Premature hypostasis 骨缝早融Skeletal craniofacial developmentsyndrones颅面发育综合征Oxycephaly 尖头畸形Brachycephaly 短头畸形Scaphocephaly 舟状头畸形Chondrocranium 软骨性颅Desmocranium 头颅Cranial base 颅底Spheno-occipital synchondrosis 蝶枕软骨联合Inter-sphenoid synchondrosis蝶骨间软骨联合Spheno-ethmoid synchondrosis蝶筛软骨联合Growth of masomaxillary complex鼻上颌复合体的生长Masomaxillary complex 鼻上颌复合体Nasal septum 鼻中隔Frontal-maxillarysuture 额颌缝Eygomatic-maxillarysurure 颧颌缝Eygomatic-temporal suture 颧颞缝Pterygo-palatin suture 翼颌缝Mandible 下颌骨Genial angle 下颌角External rotation 外旋转Internal rotation 内旋转Total rotation 总旋转Intramatrix rotation 基质内旋转Hypertrophy 肥大Hyperplasia 增生Acceptable compromises 可接受的折中值Treatment goal individualized个体化治疗目标Total discrepancy 上下牙弓总不调量Discrepancy 牙弓不调量Available space 可用间隙Requried space 必需间隙Relocation 复位Expansion 扩大牙弓Intermaxillary 颌间Extraction 拔牙supra- 表示[在上; 在远方]之义Visual treatment objective 治疗目标预测法Mesiofacial type 中间型Brachyfacial type 短面型Dalichofacial type 长面型Guadrilateral analysis 四边形分析法Sassauni analysis 正位片(后前位)的分析法Ritucci-Burston 颏顶位分析法Soft tissue facial angle 软组织面角Nose prominence 鼻突度Superior sulcus depth 上唇沟深H-line to subnasale 鼻下点至H线距Skeletal profile convexity 骨侧面突度Upper lip strain measurement 上唇紧张度Lower lip to H-line 下唇H线距Inferior sulcus to H-line 颏唇沟深度Soft tissue chin thickness 颏部软组织厚度Esthetic plane、E-Plane 审美平面Mesioversion 近中错位Distoversion 远中错位Linguoversion 舌向错位Labioversion 唇向错位Infraversion 低位(牙合下错位)Supraversion 高位(牙合上错位)Torsiversion 旋转Axisversion 斜轴Transversion 易位Ba-N 全颅底平面N-Pog 面平面Nba-PtGn 面轴角Pt-Gn 面轴FH-Npog 面角FH-MP 下颌平面角MP-NPg 颏角ANS-Xi-Pm 下面高角Dc-Xi-Pm 下颌弓角A-Npog A点突度L1-Apog 下中切牙突距,下中切牙倾斜度PTV-U1 上颌第一磨牙位置L1-EP 下唇位置N 鼻根点S 蝶鞍点Ba 颅底点Bo Bolton点Po 耳点Or 眶点ANS 前鼻棘点PNS 后鼻棘点Ptm 翼上颌裂点Pt 翼点B 下牙槽座点Pm Pm点,下颌前缘部B点到颏前点间,由凹至凸的移行交界点。
口腔医学专业知识题库:口腔正畸学重要名词解释(一)为了学员更好地复习口腔专业知识,我们将口腔正畸学的重要名词解释进行了总结,今天我们就来学习一下-口腔正畸学重要名词解释(一),内容如下:1.个别正常合:凡轻微的错畸形,对于生理功能无大妨碍者,都可列入正常范畴。
这种正常范畴内的个体,彼此之间又有所不同,故称之为个别正常牙合。
2.Bolton指数:是指上下前牙牙冠总和的比例关系与上下牙弓全部牙牙冠宽度总合的比例关系。
用Bolton指数可以诊断患者上下牙弓中是存在牙冠宽度不协调的问题。
3.阻断矫治:是对乳牙列期及替牙列期的一些因遗传、先天或后天因素所导致的正在发生或已初步表现出的牙齿、牙列、咬合关系及骨发育异常等,采用简单的矫治方法进行治疗,或采用矫形引导其正常生长。
其目的是阻断畸形发展的过程,使之自行调整,建立正常的牙颌面关系。
4.终末平面关系:乳牙合从侧方观察,上下颌第二乳磨牙远中面过构成平面关系,大致可分为三型。
垂直型,近中型,远中型。
5.正畸力:力值较弱,作用力范围小,通过牙在生理范围内的移动以矫治错和畸形。
此力主要表现为牙和牙弓的改变,以及少量基骨的改变,但对颅、颌骨形态的改变不明显。
6.矫形力:作用力范围大、力量强,主要作用在颅骨、颌骨上,能使骨骼形态改变,能打开骨缝,对颜面形态改变作用大。
7.拥挤度:牙冠宽度的总和与牙弓现有弧形的长度之差即为拥挤度。
8.阻抗中心:当力作用于一个物体时,该物体周围约束其运动的阻力中心,称为阻抗中心。
9.替牙间隙:乳尖牙及第一,二乳磨牙的牙冠宽度总和,比替换后的恒尖牙和第一,二前磨牙大,这个差称为替牙间隙。
上颌单侧约有0.9-1mm,在下颌单侧为1.7-2mm。
10.转矩:就是使牙体的一部分移动,另一部分限制其移动。
通常用于根转矩,希望牙根移动而牙冠军很少移动。
11.最大支抗:采用最大支抗时,磨牙前移占去的间隙不超过拔牙间隙的1/4。
口腔正畸学单词Orthodontics 口腔正畸学American Board Orthodontists 美国正畸学会Differentiation 分化Translocation 改位、易位Orthopedic devices 矫形治疗措施Functional jaw orthopedic 功能颌骨矫形Cephalocaudal gradient of growth生长的头尾增减率Pattern of growth 生长型Pattern of facial growth 面部生长型Average growth pattern 平均生长型Horizontal growth pattern 水平生长型Vertical growth pattern 垂直生长型Balanced growth 平衡生长Growth variability 生长变异Chronometry 颅测量术Cephalometic radiography 线头影测量术Displacement 骨移位Primary displacement 原发性骨移位Secondary displacement 继发性骨移位Premature hypostasis 骨缝早融Skeletal craniofacial developmentsyndrones颅面发育综合征Oxycephaly 尖头畸形Brachycephaly 短头畸形Scaphocephaly 舟状头畸形Chondrocranium 软骨性颅Desmocranium 头颅Cranial base 颅底Spheno-occipital synchondrosis 蝶枕软骨联合Inter-sphenoid synchondrosis蝶骨间软骨联合Spheno-ethmoid synchondrosis蝶筛软骨联合Growth of masomaxillary complex鼻上颌复合体的生长Masomaxillary complex 鼻上颌复合体Nasal septum 鼻中隔Frontal-maxillarysuture 额颌缝Eygomatic-maxillarysurure 颧颌缝Eygomatic-temporal suture 颧颞缝Pterygo-palatin suture 翼颌缝Mandible 下颌骨Genial angle 下颌角External rotation 外旋转Internal rotation 内旋转Total rotation 总旋转Intramatrix rotation 基质内旋转Hypertrophy 肥大Hyperplasia 增生Acceptable compromises 可接受的折中值Treatment goal individualized个体化治疗目标Total discrepancy 上下牙弓总不调量Discrepancy 牙弓不调量Available space 可用间隙Requried space 必需间隙Relocation 复位Expansion 扩大牙弓Intermaxillary 颌间Extraction 拔牙supra- 表示[在上; 在远方]之义Visual treatment objective 治疗目标预测法Mesiofacial type 中间型Brachyfacial type 短面型Dalichofacial type 长面型Guadrilateral analysis 四边形分析法Sassauni analysis 正位片(后前位)的分析法Ritucci-Burston 颏顶位分析法Soft tissue facial angle 软组织面角Nose prominence 鼻突度Superior sulcus depth 上唇沟深H-line to subnasale 鼻下点至H线距Skeletal pro 骨侧面突度Upper lip strain measurement 上唇紧张度Lower lip to H-line 下唇H线距Inferior sulcus to H-line 颏唇沟深度Soft tissue chin thickness 颏部软组织厚度Esthetic plane、E-Plane 审美平面Mesioversion 近中错位Distoversion 远中错位Linguoversion 舌向错位Labioversion 唇向错位Baccoversion 颊向错位Supraversion 高位(牙合上错位)Torsiversion 旋转Axisversion 斜轴Transversion 易位Ba-N 全颅底平面N-Pog 面平面Nba-PtGn 面轴角Pt-Gn 面轴FH-Npog 面角FH-MP 下颌平面角MP-NPg 颏角ANS-Xi-Pm 下面高角Dc-Xi-Pm 下颌弓角A-Npog A点突度L1-Apog 下中切牙突距,下中切牙倾斜度PTV-U1 上颌第一磨牙位置L1-EP 下唇位置N 鼻根点S 蝶鞍点Ba 颅底点Bo Bolton点Po 耳点Or 眶点ANS 前鼻棘点PNS 后鼻棘点Ptm 翼上颌裂点Pt 翼点B 下牙槽座点Pm Pm点,下颌前缘部B点到颏前点间,由凹至凸的移行交界点。
口腔正畸学单词口腔正畸学单词Orthodontics 口腔正畸学 American Board Orthodontists 美国正畸学会 Differentiation 分化 Translocation 改位、易位 Orthopedic devices 矫形治疗措施 Functional jaw orthopedic 功能颌骨矫形 Cephalocaudal gradient of growth 生长的头尾增减率 Pattern of growth 生长型 Pattern of facial growth 面部生长型 Average growth pattern 平均生长型 Horizontal growth pattern 水平生长型 Vertical growth pattern 垂直生长型 Balanced growth 平衡生长 Growth variability 生长变异 Chronometry 颅测量术 Cephalometic radiography 线头影测量术 Displacement 骨移位 Primary displacement 原发性骨移位 Secondary displacement 继发性骨移位 Premature hypostasis 骨缝早融 Skeletal craniofacial developmentsyndrones 颅面发育综合征 Oxycephaly 尖头畸形 Brachycephaly 短头畸形 Scaphocephaly 舟状头畸形 Chondrocranium 软骨性颅 Desmocranium 头颅 Cranial base 颅底 Spheno-occipital synchondrosis 蝶枕软骨联合 Inter-sphenoid synchondrosis 蝶骨间软骨联合 Spheno-ethmoid synchondrosis 蝶筛软骨联合 Growth of masomaxillary complex 鼻上颌复合体的生长 Masomaxillary complex 鼻上颌复合体 Nasal septum 鼻中隔 Frontal-maxillarysuture 额颌缝 Eygomatic-maxillarysuru re 颧颌缝 Eygomatic-temporal suture 颧颞缝 Pterygo-palatin suture 翼颌缝 Mandible 下颌骨 Genial angle 下颌角 External rotation 外旋转 Internal rotation 内旋转Total rotation 总旋转Intramatrix rotation基质内旋转Hypertrophy 肥大Hyperplasia 增生Acceptable compromises 可接受的折中值Treatment goal individualized个体化治疗目标Total discrepancy 上下牙弓总不调量Discrepancy 牙弓不调量Available space 可用间隙Requried space 必需间隙Relocation 复位Expansion 扩大牙弓Intermaxillary 颌间Extraction 拔牙supra- 表示[在上; 在远方]之义Visual treatment objective 治疗目标预测法Mesiofacial type 中间型Brachyfacial type 短面型Dalichofacial type 长面型Guadrilateral analysis四边形分析法Sassauni analysis 正位片(后前位)的分析法Ritucci-Burston 颏顶位分析法Soft tissue facial angle软组织面角Nose prominence 鼻突度Superior sulcus depth 上唇沟深H-line to subnasale 鼻下点至H线距Skeletal profile convexity 骨侧面突度Upper lip strain measurement 上唇紧张度Lower lip to H-line 下唇H线距Inferior sulcus to H-line 颏唇沟深度Soft tissue chin thickness 颏部软组织厚度Esthetic plane、E-Plane 审美平面Mesioversion 近中错位Distoversion 远中错位Linguoversion 舌向错位Labioversion 唇向错位Baccoversion 颊向错位Infraversion 低位(牙合下错位)Supraversion 高位(牙合上错位)Torsiversion 旋转Axisversion 斜轴Transversion 易位Ba-N 全颅底平面N-Pog 面平面Nba-PtGn 面轴角Pt-Gn 面轴FH-Npog 面角FH-MP 下颌平面角MP-NPg 颏角ANS-Xi-Pm 下面高角Dc-Xi-Pm 下颌弓角A-Npog A点突度L1-Apog 下中切牙突距,下中切牙倾斜度PTV-U1 上颌第一磨牙位置L1-EP 下唇位置N 鼻根点S 蝶鞍点Ba 颅底点Bo Bolton点Po 耳点Or 眶点ANS 前鼻棘点PNS 后鼻棘点Ptm 翼上颌裂点Pt 翼点B 下牙槽座点Pm Pm点,下颌前缘部B点到颏前点间,由凹至凸的移行交界点。
Malocclusion :错合畸形。
在儿童生长发育过程中,由先天的遗传因素或后天的环境因素,如疾病、口腔不良习惯、替牙障碍等,也可在生长发育后因外伤、牙周病等原因造成的如牙齿排列不齐、上下牙弓牙合关系的异常、颌骨大小形态位置的异常、面部畸形等称为错颌畸形。
Ideal normal occlusion :理想正常合。
是Angle提出来的,即保存全副牙齿,牙齿在上下牙弓上排列得很整齐,上下牙的尖窝关系完全正确,上下牙弓的合关系非常理想,称之为理想正常合。
IndiVidUal normal occlusion :个别正常合。
凡轻微错合对生理过程无大妨碍者,都可列入正常合,这种正常范围的个体合彼此之间又有所不同,故称个别正常合。
PreVentiVe orthodontics :预防矫治。
胚胎第六周牙板开始发生至恒牙列建合完成这段时期,对影响乳牙及恒牙、牙槽骨、颌骨等正常生长发育变化中的全身及局部不良因素及时去除,从而使牙列顺利建合,颌骨正常发育,颜面协调生长,颌面部各器官功能健全,儿童心理发育健康。
预防矫治包括早期预防和预防性矫治。
InterCePtiVe Treatment :阻断矫治。
对于正在形成或刚产生的错合畸形,用简单的矫治方法阻断畸形的发展,使用权其自行调整成为正常合或用矫治的方法促进其正常生长而成为正常合。
AnChOrage :支抗。
正畸矫治过程中,任何施于矫治牙使其移动的力必然同时产生一个方向相反、大小相同的力,能抵抗矫治力的反作用力的结构称为支抗。
LeeWay SPaCe :替牙间隙。
乳尖牙及第一、二乳磨牙的牙冠宽度总和,比替换后的恒尖牙和第一、二双尖牙大,这个差称为替牙间隙,在上颌单侧约有0.9〜1mm ,在下颌单侧为1.7〜2mm.。
DeeP OVerbite :深覆合。
上前牙覆盖下前牙唇面超过切1/3或下前牙切缘咬在上前牙舌面切1/3以上者,可分三度:1度:上前牙牙冠覆盖下前牙超过冠1/3而不足1/2 ; H度:上前牙牙冠覆盖下前牙超过冠1/2而不足2/3; 皿度:上前牙牙冠覆盖下前牙超过冠2/3。
A定义aesthetic 美观alveolar 牙槽骨anchorage resistance to unwanted tooth movement caused by the reactive component of an orthodontic force; refers also to the intra- and extraoral structures that supply the resistanceAngle's classification of occlusion a definition of malocclusion based on the relationships of the first permanent molarsangulation the tilt of the long axis of a tooth in a mesial or distal direction; see inclination Ankylosed Primary Teeth 乳牙粘连anterior crossbite one or more teeth in the maxillary anterior segment is lingual to one or more of the opposing teeth in the mandibular anterior segment in maximum intercuspationanterior segment all of the canine and incisor teeth in a given dental archarch circumference or arch perimeter the distance from the mesial contact of one first permanent molar to its antimere as measured through the contact points or buccal cusp tips of all of the intervening teeth, ignoring those teeth that are malpositioned or blocked out so that the measurement represents an ideal arch form; see arch lengtharch depth the perpendicular distance from a point between the central incisors to a line connecting the mesial contacts of the first permanent molars; see arch lengtharch length same as arch depth; but note that 'arch length' is often used as a synonym for arch circumference or arch perimeterarch wire a wire applied to two or more teeth through fixed attachments to cause or guide orthodontic tooth movementattached lingual frenum 舌系带过短B术语定义band a circular metal strip that is adapted to fit closely around a tooth; various components of an orthodontic appliance may be welded or soldered to itbase, bracket the part of a bracket that is attached either to a metal band or bonding pad Begg appliance Begg矫治器bimaxillary both the upper and lower jawblocked out a tooth that is positioned away from its proper position in the dental arch due to insufficient spacebodily movement 整体移动Bolton analysis Bolton指数分析bonded lingual retainer 舌侧粘结式保持bonding pad the retentive portion of a fixed orthodontic attachment which locks it mechanically to the bonding material; the pad usually has a fine mesh surfacebrachycephalic a short skull, with a cranial index of 80 or more; see cranial index This term, or a variant "brachyfacial," is sometimes used to describe a short, wide face, properly referred to as euryprosopic .bracket a metal, plastic, or ceramic fixed attachment which holds an arch wire buccal segment all of the premolar and molar teeth in a given quadrantbuccal tube a fixed attachment which is open only at each end. Tubes may be round or rectangular in cross section; round tubes are usually .045 inches in diameter to receive auxiliaries such as a facebow or lip bumper, rectangular tubes areeither .018 x .025 or .022 x .028 inches in order to receive arch wires and generally are placed on the most distal molar tooth in the appliance.C术语定义camouflaged orthodontictreatment掩饰性正畸治疗Cast Analysis modelanalysis模型分析center of resistance 阻抗中心center of rotation 旋转中心Cephalometrics X线头影测量cervical headgear 颈牵引chief complaint 主诉chin-cup 颏兜Cleft jaw and face 颌、面裂Cleft lip and palate 唇、腭裂Clinical Examination 临床检查combination headgear 联合(水平)牵引condylar 髁突Continuous force 持续力corrective orthodontics 一般性矫治craniofacial growth anddevelopment颅面生长发育crowding or spacing 拥挤和间隙curve of Spee Spee曲线D术语定义Delayed Incisor Eruption 切牙迟萌dental age 牙龄dental history 牙科病史dentofacial orthopedic 牙合面矫形Diagnosis and treatment诊断和治疗计划planningdifferential tooth差动牙移动movementE术语定义Ectopic Eruption 异位萌出edgewise appliance 方丝弓矫治器Enamel demineralization 釉质脱矿extraoral orthodontic force 口外正畸力extraoral orthopedic force 口外矫形力extrusion 伸长F术语定义fixed appliance 固定矫治器fixed retaining appliance 固定保持器G术语定义Gingivitis 牙龈炎Growth Modification 生长改良H术语定义Hand wrist x-ray 手腕骨X片harmony 平衡Hawley retainer Hawley保持器Headcap 头帽Heredity and environment 遗传和环境high-pull headgear 高位牵引I术语定义Ideal normal occlusion 理想正常合Idiopathic Root resorption 特发性吸收implant anchorage 种植支抗impression taking 取模Individual normal个别正常合occlusionInterceptive orthodontics 阻断性矫治intermaxillary anchorage 颌间支抗Intermittent force 间歇力intramaxillary anchorage 颌内支抗intrusion 压低Invisalign 无托槽隐形矫治器J术语定义job model 工作模型L术语定义Leeway space 替牙间隙M术语定义malocclusion 错合畸形Mandibular Deficiency 上颌发育不足Maxillary Excess 下颌发育过度Maxillary Midline上中切牙间隙Diastemamechanical retention 机械保持medical history 医学病史Minimal Root resorption 微小性吸收minor tooth小范围牙移动movement(MTM)Mixed Dentition 混合牙列,替牙合molar relationship 磨牙关系N术语定义nature retetion 自然保持O术语定义obstructive sleep apneahypopnea syndrome阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征OSAHSopenbite 开合optimal orthodontic force 最适矫治力oral examination 口腔检查Oral health education 口腔健康教育oral hygiene introduction 口腔卫生指导orthodontic force 正畸力Orthodontics 口腔正畸学Orthognathic Surgery 正颌手术orthopedic force 矫形力overcorrection 过度矫正P术语定义Palatal Expansion 腭开展Pattern of growth 生长型Periodontitis 牙周炎Permanent Dentition 恒牙合permanent tooth 恒牙Plaque 菌斑positioner 正位器Post-operative术后正畸orthodonticsPreoperative orthodontics 术前正畸Preventive orthodontics 预防性矫治Primary Dentition 乳牙合primary tooth 乳牙Primate space 灵长间隙Progressive Root进行性吸收resorptionR术语定义relapse 复发Remodeling and改建和位移translationremovable retaining活动保持器applianceRetetion 保持rotation 旋转S术语定义self-ligation bracket 自锁托槽serial extraction 序列拔牙Six keys to normal正常合六项标准occlusionskeletal age 骨龄skeletal malocclusion 骨性错合畸形Space analysis 间隙分析space available 可用间隙space required 必需间隙stable 稳定straight wire appliance 直丝弓矫治器study model 记存模型、研究模型Supernumerary Teeth 多生牙Surgical orthodontics 正颌外科T术语定义Temporary malocclusion暂时性错合in mixed dentitionTemporomandibular joints 颞下颌关节the incidence of错合畸形的患病率malocclusionthree-dimensionalcomplex of craniofacial颅面三维结构复合体structurethree-dimensional digital三维数字化重建reconstructionthumb sucking 吮指习惯Time and sequence of萌出时间和顺序eruptiontip 轴倾角tipping movement 倾斜移动torque 转矩角Transverse Maxillary上颌横向狭窄ConstrictionW术语定义Wire Bending 弓丝弯制。
Aaesthetic 美观alveolar 牙槽骨anchorage resistance to unwanted tooth movement caused by the reactive component of an orthodontic force; refers also to the intra- and extraoral structures that supply the resistanceAngle's classification of occlusion a definition of malocclusion based on the relationships of the first permanent molarsangulation the tilt of the long axis of a tooth in a mesial or distal direction; see inclination Ankylosed Primary Teeth 乳牙粘连anterior crossbite one or more teeth in the maxillary anterior segment is lingual to one or more of the opposing teeth in the mandibular anterior segment in maximum intercuspationanterior segment all of the canine and incisor teeth in a given dental archarch circumference or arch perimeter the distance from the mesial contact of one first permanent molar to its antimere as measured through the contact points or buccal cusp tips of all of the intervening teeth, ignoring those teeth that are malpositioned or blocked out so that the measurement represents an ideal arch form; see arch lengtharch depth the perpendicular distance from a point between the central incisors to a line connecting the mesial contacts of the first permanent molars; see arch lengtharch length same as arch depth; but note that 'arch length' is often used as a synonym for arch circumference or arch perimeterarch wire a wire applied to two or more teeth through fixed attachments to cause or guide orthodontic tooth movementattached lingual frenum 舌系带过短Bband a circular metal strip that is adapted to fit closely around a tooth; various components of an orthodontic appliance may be welded or soldered to itbase, bracket the part of a bracket that is attached either to a metal band or bonding pad Begg appliance Begg矫治器bimaxillary both the upper and lower jawblocked out a tooth that is positioned away from its proper position in the dental arch due to insufficient spacebodily movement 整体移动Bolton analysis Bolton指数分析bonded lingual retainer 舌侧粘结式保持bonding pad the retentive portion of a fixed orthodontic attachment which locks it mechanically to the bonding material; the pad usually has a fine mesh surfacebrachycephalic a short skull, with a cranial index of 80 or more; see cranial index This term, or a variant "brachyfacial," is sometimes used to describe a short, wide face, properly referred to as euryprosopic .bracket a metal, plastic, or ceramic fixed attachment which holds an arch wire buccal segment all of the premolar and molar teeth in a given quadrantbuccal tube a fixed attachment which is open only at each end. Tubes may be round or rectangular in cross section; round tubes are usually .045 inches in diameter to receive auxiliaries such as a facebow or lip bumper, rectangular tubes areeither .018 x .025 or .022 x .028 inches in order to receive arch wires and generally are placed on the most distal molar tooth in the appliance.Ccamouflaged orthodontictreatment掩饰性正畸治疗Cast Analysis modelanalysis模型分析center of resistance 阻抗中心center of rotation 旋转中心Cephalometrics X线头影测量cervical headgear 颈牵引chief complaint 主诉chin-cup 颏兜Cleft jaw and face 颌、面裂Cleft lip and palate 唇、腭裂Clinical Examination 临床检查combination headgear 联合(水平)牵引condylar 髁突Continuous force 持续力corrective orthodontics 一般性矫治craniofacial growth anddevelopment颅面生长发育crowding or spacing 拥挤和间隙curve of Spee Spee曲线DDelayed Incisor Eruption 切牙迟萌dental age 牙龄dental history 牙科病史dentofacial orthopedic 牙合面矫形Diagnosis and treatment诊断和治疗计划planningdifferential tooth差动牙移动movementEEctopic Eruption 异位萌出edgewise appliance 方丝弓矫治器Enamel demineralization 釉质脱矿extraoral orthodontic force 口外正畸力extraoral orthopedic force 口外矫形力extrusion 伸长Ffixed appliance 固定矫治器fixed retaining appliance 固定保持器GGingivitis 牙龈炎Growth Modification 生长改良HHand wrist x-ray 手腕骨X片harmony 平衡Hawley retainer Hawley保持器Headcap 头帽Heredity and environment 遗传和环境high-pull headgear 高位牵引IIdeal normal occlusion 理想正常合Idiopathic Root resorption 特发性吸收implant anchorage 种植支抗impression taking 取模Individual normal个别正常合occlusionInterceptive orthodontics 阻断性矫治intermaxillary anchorage 颌间支抗Intermittent force 间歇力intramaxillary anchorage 颌内支抗intrusion 压低Invisalign 无托槽隐形矫治器Jjob model 工作模型LLeeway space 替牙间隙Mmalocclusion 错合畸形Mandibular Deficiency 上颌发育不足Maxillary Excess 下颌发育过度Maxillary Midline上中切牙间隙Diastemamechanical retention 机械保持medical history 医学病史Minimal Root resorption 微小性吸收minor tooth小范围牙移动movement(MTM)Mixed Dentition 混合牙列,替牙合molar relationship 磨牙关系Nnature retetion 自然保持Oobstructive sleep apnea阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征hypopnea syndromeOSAHSopenbite 开合optimal orthodontic force 最适矫治力oral examination 口腔检查Oral health education 口腔健康教育oral hygiene introduction 口腔卫生指导orthodontic force 正畸力Orthodontics 口腔正畸学Orthognathic Surgery 正颌手术orthopedic force 矫形力overcorrection 过度矫正PPalatal Expansion 腭开展Pattern of growth 生长型Periodontitis 牙周炎Permanent Dentition 恒牙合permanent tooth 恒牙Plaque 菌斑positioner 正位器Post-operative术后正畸orthodonticsPreoperative orthodontics 术前正畸Preventive orthodontics 预防性矫治Primary Dentition 乳牙合primary tooth 乳牙Primate space 灵长间隙Progressive Root进行性吸收resorptionRrelapse 复发Remodeling and改建和位移translationremovable retaining活动保持器applianceRetetion 保持rotation 旋转Sself-ligation bracket 自锁托槽serial extraction 序列拔牙Six keys to normal正常合六项标准occlusionskeletal age 骨龄skeletal malocclusion 骨性错合畸形Space analysis 间隙分析space available 可用间隙space required 必需间隙stable 稳定straight wire appliance 直丝弓矫治器study model 记存模型、研究模型Supernumerary Teeth 多生牙Surgical orthodontics 正颌外科TTemporary malocclusion暂时性错合in mixed dentitionTemporomandibular joints 颞下颌关节the incidence of错合畸形的患病率malocclusionthree-dimensionalcomplex of craniofacial颅面三维结构复合体structurethree-dimensional digital三维数字化重建reconstructionthumb sucking 吮指习惯Time and sequence of萌出时间和顺序eruptiontip 轴倾角tipping movement 倾斜移动torque 转矩角Transverse Maxillary上颌横向狭窄ConstrictionWWire Bending 弓丝弯制。
口腔正畸学资料名解:1.口腔正畸学(orthodontics):是口腔医学的一个分支学科,它的学科内容是研究错颌畸形的病因机制、诊断分析及其预防和治疗。
2.错合畸形(malocclusion):儿童在生长发育过程中,由于先天的遗传因素或后天的环境因素等导致的牙齿、颌骨、颅面之间的关系不协调而引起的各种畸形,是一种发育畸形。
3.预防矫治(preventive orthodontics):在牙颌颅面的胚胎发育和后天发育过程中,采用各种预防措施来防止错合畸形的发生。
4.阻断矫治(interceptive orthodontics):当错合畸形发生的早期,通过简单的方法进行早期矫治,阻断错合畸形向严重发展,将合颌面的发育导向正常。
5.一般矫治(corrective orthodontics):是口腔正畸矫治中最多见的,根据不同牙颌面畸形选用各类矫治器,如可摘矫治器、固定矫治器、功能矫治器等。
一般矫治方法比较复杂,应由口腔正畸专科医师施行。
6.外科矫治(surgical orthodontics):是指对生长发育完成后的严重的骨源性错牙合畸形需采用外科手术的方法矫正其错牙合。
7.骨龄:处于生长发育期孩子的骨龄是根据骨骼x线影像中骨化中心出现、成熟过程以及骨骺和干骺端融合的过程来加以判断的。
8.牙龄:牙龄是以萌出牙的数目和种类作为指标,来评价个体所处的发育阶段。
9.正畸力:力值较弱,作用力范围小,通过牙在生理范围内的移动以矫治错牙合畸形。
10.矫形力:作用力范围大、力量强,主要作用在颅骨、颌骨上,能使骨骼形态改变,能打开骨缝,对颜面形态改变作用大。
11.早期矫治的概念:早期矫治是指在儿童早期生长发育阶段,一般指生长发育高峰期前及高峰期阶段,对已表现出的牙颌畸形、畸形趋势及可能导致牙合畸形的病因进行预防阻断矫治和导引治疗。
大题:12.替牙间隙(leeway space)定义及作用:乳尖牙及第一,二磨牙的牙冠宽度总和比替换后的恒尖牙和第一,二前磨牙大,这个差称为替牙间隙。
1.preventive orthodontics即预防性矫治,在牙颌颅面的胚胎发育和后天发育过程中,各种先天、后天的因素均可影响其发育而造成错牙合畸形,采取各种预防措施防止各种错牙合畸形的发生,是预防性矫治的主要内容。
2.interceptive orthodontics即阻断性矫治,当畸形发生的早期,通过简单的方法进行早期矫治,阻断错牙合畸形向严重发展,将牙颌面的发育导向正常。
如早期发现牙列严重拥挤采用顺序拔牙治疗;早期牙源性前牙反牙合使用简单牙合垫舌簧矫治器矫治,防止向严重的骨骼畸形发展。
3.Malocclusion即错牙合畸形,绝大部分错牙合畸形是儿童在生长发育过程中,由先天的遗传因素或后天的环境因素,如疾病、口腔不良习惯、替牙异常等导致的牙齿、颌骨、颅面的畸形,如牙齿排列不齐、上下牙弓间的牙合关系异常、颌骨大小形态位置异常等。
4.individual normal occlusion即个别正常牙合,凡轻微的错牙合畸形,对于生理功能无大妨碍者,都可列入正常牙合范畴。
这种正常范畴内的个体牙合,彼此之间又有所不同,故称之为个别正常牙合。
5.理想正常牙合由Angle提出的,即保存全副牙齿,牙齿在上下牙弓上排列的很整齐,上下牙的尖窝关系完全正确,上下牙弓的牙合关系非常理想。
6.corrective orthodontics即一般矫治,是口腔正畸矫治中最多见的,根据不同牙颌面畸形选用各类矫治器,如活动矫治器、固定矫治器、功能性矫治器等,一般矫治方法与预防矫治和阻断矫治相比较复杂,应由口腔正畸专科医师施行。
7.leeway space即替牙间隙,指乳尖牙及第一、第二乳磨牙的牙冠宽度总和大于替换后的恒尖牙和第一、第二前磨牙宽度总和,即替牙间隙=(Ⅲ+Ⅳ+Ⅴ)-(3+4+5)。
在上颌单侧约为0.9~1mm,在下颌单侧约为1.7~2mm。
8.primate space即灵长间隙。
乳牙列间隙一般在3~6岁时出现在儿童的前牙部分,称为生长间隙,主要是由于颌骨的生长发育使得牙量相对少于骨量;也有在乳牙萌出时就出现间隙的。
正畸名词解释Word版口腔正畸学名词解释重点总结一、名解:第一章颅面生长发育1.生长区(growth site)和生长中心(growth center):在骨的生长过程中,生长活动更快、更活跃、程度更大的区域,称为生长区。
生长区中受遗传控制并独立进行生长的区域称为生长中心。
2.生长型:构成生物体的各部位或组织系统,在不同年龄阶段并非以同样的比率生长发育。
从器官或组织系统的发育过程可分为四型:一般型、神经系型、性器官型、淋巴系型。
3.生长和发育:生长指体积或重量的增加,由细胞的增殖和细胞间质的增加出现形态上的体积增大。
发育指组织增长的程度,表现为机体结构和功能上的分化和完成的过程。
4.生长变异(growth variability):是生物体亲代与子代之间,以及子代的个体之间在生长过程中存在着一定差异的现象,是遗传和环境因素共同作用所形成的自然规律。
常用能够反映身体一般生长发育状况指标来比较分析,以判断某个体的变异是否在群体正常范围内。
5.灵长间隙(primate space):生长发育过程中,在上颌乳尖牙的近中和下颌乳尖牙的远中出现间隙,一般称为灵长间隙,这是灵长动物的特征。
6.终末平面:乳合从侧方观察,上下颌第二乳磨牙远中面过构成平面关系,大致可分为三型。
垂直型,近中型,远中型。
7.近中终末平面:是指乳合从侧方观察,上下颌第二乳磨牙的远中面的关系。
近中终末平面是下颌第二乳磨牙的远中面在上颌第二乳磨牙的近中位置。
8.替牙间隙(leeway space):乳尖牙及第一、二乳磨牙的牙冠宽度总和,比替换后的恒尖牙和第一、二前磨牙大,这个差称为替牙间隙。
在上颌单侧约有0.9~1mm,在下颌单侧为1.7~2mm.。
9.切牙债务(incisor liability):在乳牙恒牙交替的过程中,恒前牙一般比相应的乳前牙大,其差值称为切牙债务。
10.生理龄(physiological age):为了明晰个体生长发育的的真实情况,除了实足年龄外还有骨龄、牙龄、第二性征及形态学年龄等更客观地反应个体生长发育生理特点的其他生理学年龄,即~。
A定义aesthetic 美观alveolar 牙槽骨anchorage resistance to unwanted tooth movement caused by the reactive component of an orthodontic force; refers also to the intra- and extraoral structures that supply the resistanceAngle's classification of occlusion a definition of malocclusion based on the relationships of the first permanent molarsangulation the tilt of the long axis of a tooth in a mesial or distal direction; see inclination Ankylosed Primary Teeth 乳牙粘连anterior crossbite one or more teeth in the maxillary anterior segment is lingual to one or more of the opposing teeth in the mandibular anterior segment in maximum intercuspationanterior segment all of the canine and incisor teeth in a given dental archarch circumference or arch perimeter the distance from the mesial contact of one first permanent molar to its antimere as measured through the contact points or buccal cusp tips of all of the intervening teeth, ignoring those teeth that are malpositioned or blocked out so that the measurement represents an ideal arch form; see arch lengtharch depth the perpendicular distance from a point between the central incisors to a line connecting the mesial contacts of the first permanent molars; see arch lengtharch length same as arch depth; but note that 'arch length' is often used as a synonym for arch circumference or arch perimeterarch wire a wire applied to two or more teeth through fixed attachments to cause or guide orthodontic tooth movementattached lingual frenum 舌系带过短B术语定义band a circular metal strip that is adapted to fit closely around a tooth; various components of an orthodontic appliance may be welded or soldered to itbase, bracket the part of a bracket that is attached either to a metal band or bonding pad Begg appliance Begg矫治器bimaxillary both the upper and lower jawblocked out a tooth that is positioned away from its proper position in the dental arch due to insufficient spacebodily movement 整体移动Bolton analysis Bolton指数分析bonded lingual retainer 舌侧粘结式保持bonding pad the retentive portion of a fixed orthodontic attachment which locks it mechanically to the bonding material; the pad usually has a fine mesh surfacebrachycephalic a short skull, with a cranial index of 80 or more; see cranial index This term, or a variant "brachyfacial," is sometimes used to describe a short, wide face, properly referred to as euryprosopic .bracket a metal, plastic, or ceramic fixed attachment which holds an arch wire buccal segment all of the premolar and molar teeth in a given quadrantbuccal tube a fixed attachment which is open only at each end. Tubes may be round or rectangular in cross section; round tubes are usually .045 inches in diameter to receive auxiliaries such as a facebow or lip bumper, rectangular tubes areeither .018 x .025 or .022 x .028 inches in order to receive arch wires and generally are placed on the most distal molar tooth in the appliance.C术语定义camouflaged orthodontictreatment掩饰性正畸治疗Cast Analysis modelanalysis模型分析center of resistance 阻抗中心center of rotation 旋转中心Cephalometrics X线头影测量cervical headgear 颈牵引chief complaint 主诉chin-cup 颏兜Cleft jaw and face 颌、面裂Cleft lip and palate 唇、腭裂Clinical Examination 临床检查combination headgear 联合(水平)牵引condylar 髁突Continuous force 持续力corrective orthodontics 一般性矫治craniofacial growth anddevelopment颅面生长发育crowding or spacing 拥挤和间隙curve of Spee Spee曲线D术语定义Delayed Incisor Eruption 切牙迟萌dental age 牙龄dental history 牙科病史dentofacial orthopedic 牙合面矫形Diagnosis and treatment诊断和治疗计划planningdifferential tooth差动牙移动movementE术语定义Ectopic Eruption 异位萌出edgewise appliance 方丝弓矫治器Enamel demineralization 釉质脱矿extraoral orthodontic force 口外正畸力extraoral orthopedic force 口外矫形力extrusion 伸长F术语定义fixed appliance 固定矫治器fixed retaining appliance 固定保持器G术语定义Gingivitis 牙龈炎Growth Modification 生长改良H术语定义Hand wrist x-ray 手腕骨X片harmony 平衡Hawley retainer Hawley保持器Headcap 头帽Heredity and environment 遗传和环境high-pull headgear 高位牵引I术语定义Ideal normal occlusion 理想正常合Idiopathic Root resorption 特发性吸收implant anchorage 种植支抗impression taking 取模Individual normal个别正常合occlusionInterceptive orthodontics 阻断性矫治intermaxillary anchorage 颌间支抗Intermittent force 间歇力intramaxillary anchorage 颌内支抗intrusion 压低Invisalign 无托槽隐形矫治器J术语定义job model 工作模型L术语定义Leeway space 替牙间隙M术语定义malocclusion 错合畸形Mandibular Deficiency 上颌发育不足Maxillary Excess 下颌发育过度Maxillary Midline上中切牙间隙Diastemamechanical retention 机械保持medical history 医学病史Minimal Root resorption 微小性吸收minor tooth小范围牙移动movement(MTM)Mixed Dentition 混合牙列,替牙合molar relationship 磨牙关系N术语定义nature retetion 自然保持O术语定义obstructive sleep apneahypopnea syndrome阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征OSAHSopenbite 开合optimal orthodontic force 最适矫治力oral examination 口腔检查Oral health education 口腔健康教育oral hygiene introduction 口腔卫生指导orthodontic force 正畸力Orthodontics 口腔正畸学Orthognathic Surgery 正颌手术orthopedic force 矫形力overcorrection 过度矫正P术语定义Palatal Expansion 腭开展Pattern of growth 生长型Periodontitis 牙周炎Permanent Dentition 恒牙合permanent tooth 恒牙Plaque 菌斑positioner 正位器Post-operative术后正畸orthodonticsPreoperative orthodontics 术前正畸Preventive orthodontics 预防性矫治Primary Dentition 乳牙合primary tooth 乳牙Primate space 灵长间隙Progressive Root进行性吸收resorptionR术语定义relapse 复发Remodeling and改建和位移translationremovable retaining活动保持器applianceRetetion 保持rotation 旋转S术语定义self-ligation bracket 自锁托槽serial extraction 序列拔牙Six keys to normal正常合六项标准occlusionskeletal age 骨龄skeletal malocclusion 骨性错合畸形Space analysis 间隙分析space available 可用间隙space required 必需间隙stable 稳定straight wire appliance 直丝弓矫治器study model 记存模型、研究模型Supernumerary Teeth 多生牙。