1.主系表结构

1.主系表结构

主系表结构

一 . 何谓主系表结构：所谓主系表结构就是英语句子中的主要成分是主语、系动词和表语。

1. 主语（ Subject ）：主语是一句话的中心，表示所说的是谁或是什么，其位置一般放在句首。英语中主语一般不省略。主语主要由名词、动名词、代词或起名词作用的短语或从句来充当。例如：

Li Lei is a Chinese boy. （ Li Lei 是名词，作主语。）He is from

England. （ He 是代词，作主语。）

Feeding the birds is my hobby. （“ Feeding the birds ”是动名词短语，作主语。）

What she said is right. （“ What she said ”是从句，作主语。）

2. 系动词（ Link verb ）：系动词本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须和句子中的表语一起构成谓语。简单地说，将主语和表语联系在一起，并构成一个完整句子的动词就叫做系动词。目前学到的系动词

有 be ， feel ， look ， sound ， taste ， smell 等。例如：

This flower is beautiful.

I felt very tired.

You look worried.

It tastes delicious.

3. 表语（ Predicative ）：表语是用来说明主语的身份、特征或状态的。表语位于系动词之后，主要由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、介词短语、分词（短语）或动名词（短语）不定式短语等来充当。例如：

I am fine . （ fine 是形容词，作表语）

He is a boy . （ boy 是名词，作表语）

Five plus two is seven . （ seven 是数词，作表语）

We are here . （ here 是副词，作表语） He is not at home . （“ at home ”是介词短语，作表语）

My hobby is reading . （ reading 是动名词，作表语）

二 . 主系表结构的否定形式和一般疑问句形式的构成情况

（一）否定形式：

1. 主语＋ be （ is ， am ， are ） not ＋表语。

2. 主语＋助动

（ do/ does ＋ not ＋ feel/ smell/ look……＋表语。例如：

She is a good girl. → She is not a good girl.

You look happy. → You don’t look happy.

It smells bad. → It doesn’t smell bad.

（二）一般疑问句形式：

1. Be （ Is / Am/ Are ）＋主语＋表语？

2. 助动词（ Do/ Does ）＋主语＋动词原形＋表语？例如：

This girl is in Row One. → Is this girl in Row One？

She feels terrible. → Does she feel terrible？

We look excited. → Do you look excited？

请按句子后面括号内的要求改写句子：

1. Lily is American. （改为一般疑问句）

2. I am from Sichuan. （改为否定句）

3. He looks puzzled. （改为一般疑问句）

4. They feel very excited. （改为否定句）

5. I am not feeling well. （改为肯定句）

6. The news sounds very bad. （改为一般疑问句）

7. We are all here. （改为一般疑问句）

8. The food tastes delicious. （改为一般疑问句）

9. Its name is Mimi. （改为否定句）

10. I feel well. （改为否定句）

系动词专项练习（01）

一）选择填空：（28分，28分钟）

1. My brother ____ a teacher. He ____ his pupils very much. A. is, like

B. is, likes

C. are, likes

D. are, like

2. A: How many days ____ there in a week?

B: There ____ seven.

A. is, is

B. are, are

C. is, are

D. are, is

3. I ____ tired last night.

A. became

B. felt

C. looked

D. am

4. Her face ____ pale（苍白）when she heard the bad news.

A. got

B. is

C. turned

D. was

5. You ____ pale. What's wrong with you?

A. turn

B. seem

C. look

D. become

6. The boy ____ ill today.

A. are

B. is

C. be

D. am 7. Which ____ bigger, the sun or the moon?

A. are

B. is

C. be

D. ×

8. Neither she nor I ____ a doctor.

A. am not

B. am

C. are

D. is

9. I ____ a worker next year.

A. am

B. will be

C. be

D. will

10. Her voice ____ like my mother's.

A. sounds

B. sound

C. looks

D. look

11. It often rains and the crops ____ fast.

A. get

B. turn

C. grow

D. become

12. A: How are you ____ now?

B: Much better, thank you.

A. getting

B. feeling

C. making D. turning

13. The teacher's smile made me ____ better.

A. feel

B. to feel

C. feeling

D. felt

14. My English teacher ____.

A. all look young

B. looks young

C. look young

D. all looks young

15. I ____ busy now, but I ____ free next week.

A. am, am

B. am, will

C. am, will be

D. being, will be

16. I ____ at this school for about two months.

A. am

B. will be

C. have been

D. was

17. My brother ____ in the League for about five years.

A. have been

B. has been

C. was

D. is

18. Come to my office if you ____ free tomorrow.

A. are

B. will be

C. was D. is

19. If water ____ heated, it will be ____ into vapour （蒸气）.

A. was, turned

B. is, turned

C. is. get

D. was, got

20. If you don't take back what you just said, Mother ____

angry.

A. is

B. will be

C. get

D. feels

21. Neither of us ____ a doctor.

A. am

B. are

C. is

D. were

22. He ____ a famous writer.

A. turns

B. become

C. has become

D. has turned

23. The girl's face ____ red.

A. turned

B. got

C. feel

D. look

24. He ____ very glad.

A. looked

B. turned