2020届三明市第一中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案解析
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2020届三明市第一中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案解析
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
No one knows when the first printing press was invented or who invented it. but the oldest known printed
text originated in China during the first millennium (千年) AD.The Diamond Sutra (《金刚经》), a Buddhist book
from Dunhuang, China during the Tang Dynasty, is said to be the oldest known printed book.The Diamond
Sutrawas created with a method known as block printing (雕版印刷), which used boards of hand-carved wood
blocks in reverse.
It was said that the moveable type was developed by Bi Sheng. He was fromYingshan,Hubei,China, living from
970 to 1051 AD. His method replaced panels of printing blocks with moveable individual Chinese characters that
could be reused. The first moveable Chinese Characters were carved into clay and baked into hard blocks that
were then arranged onto an iron frame that was pressed against an iron plate.
The earliest mention of Bi Sheng’s printing press is in the bookDream Pool Essays, written in 1086 by Shen
Kuo, who noted that his nephews came into possession of Bi Sheng’s typefaces (字体) after his death. Shen Kuo
explained that Bi Sheng did not use wood because the texture is inconsistent (不一致的) and absorbs wetness too
easily.
By the time of the Southern Song Dynasty, which ruled from 1127 to 1279 AD, books had become popular in
society and helped create a scholarly class of citizens who had the capabilities to become civil servants. Large
printed book collections also became a status symbol for the wealthy class.
1. When was Bi Sheng’s printing press first introduced in history?
A. After Bi Sheng died and his nephews owned his typefaces.
B. When books became popular in the Southern Song Dynasty.
C. After the block printing was replaced by the moveable type printing.
D. WhenThe Diamond Sutrawas printed into a book.
2. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Shen Kuo made great contributions to printing.
B. The moveable type printing was invented earlier than block printing.
C. Printed books were hard to get in the Song Dynasty. D. By the Southern Song Dynasty, books had helped people get to higher social positions.
3. Why does the author write this passage?
A. To show that Buddhism was popular in the Tang Dynasty.
B. To introduce the early history of printing.
C. To memorize Bi Sheng, developing the moveable type printing.
D. To indicate the advantages of moveable type printing.
B
Ten years ago, I set out to examine luck. I wanted to know why some people were always in the right place at
the right time, while others consistently experienced ill fortune. I placed advertisements in national newspapers
asking for people who felt consistently lucky or unlucky. Hundreds of extraordinary men and women volunteered
for my research. Over the years I have interviewed them, monitored their lives and had them take part in various
experiments.
In one of the experiments, I gave both lucky and unlucky people a newspaper, asking them to look through it
and tell me how many photographs were inside. I had secretly placed a large message halfway through the
newspaper, saying, “Tell the experimenter you have seen this and you will win $50.” This message took up half of
the page and was written in type that was more than two inches high. It was staring everyone in the face, but the
unlucky people tended to miss it and the lucky people tended to spot it.
Unlucky people are generally more nervous than lucky people, and this anxiety affects their ability to notice
the unexpected. As a result, they miss opportunities because they are too focused on looking for something else.
They go to gatherings concentrating on finding their perfect partners and miss opportunities to make good friends.
They look through newspapers determined to find certain types of job advertisements and miss other types of
jobs.
Lucky people are more relaxed and open, and therefore see what is there rather than just what they are
looking for. My research eventually showed that lucky people are skilled at noticing opportunities, make lucky
decisions by listening to their intuition (直觉), are open to new experiences, and adopt a never-say-die attitude
that transforms bad luck into good luck.
4. What’s the purpose of the author’s research?
A. To discover what luck means to people.
B. To find lucky people and unlucky people.
C. To distinguish between good luck and bad luck.
