【吉林省实验中学】2017届高三第五次模拟考试理科综合试卷

2017年吉林省实验中学高考英语五模试卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________I、阅读理解(本大题共15小题，共30.0分)AThe Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity ChallengeDare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!The Cambridge Science Festival （CSF）is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity Challenge．The challenge invites，even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity how it inspires them to explore their world．Students are being dared to draw a picture，write an article，take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are curious about．To enter the challenge，all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the Cambridge Science Festival，MIT Museum，265 Mass Avenue，Cambridge 02139 by Friday，February 8th．Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday，April 21st．Guest speakers will also present prizes to the students．Winning entries will be published in a book．Student entries will be exhibited and prizes will be given．Families of those who take part will be included in the celebration and brunch will be served．Between March 10th and March 15th，eac h winner will be given the specifics of the closing ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge celebration．The program guidelines and other related information are available at：http://cambridgesciencefestival．org．1.Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge？______A.School students．B.Cambridge locals．C.CSF winners．D.MIT artists．2.When will the prize-giving ceremony be held？______A.On February 8th．B.On March 10th．C.On March 15th．D.On April 21st．3.What type of writing is this text？______A.An exhibition guide．B.An art show review．C.An announcement．D.An official report．【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】D 【小题3】C【解析】1．A．细节理解题．谁能够参加好奇心的挑战？根据The challenge invites，even dares school studenrs between the ages of 5--14to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity．可知是5-14岁的学生可以参加比赛．故选A．2．D．细节理解题．颁奖仪式什么时间举行？根据Students who enter the Cambridge Challenge and are selected as winners will be honorned at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday，April 21st．可知颁奖仪式在4月21日星期天举行，故选D．3．C．判断推理题．这篇是属于什么体裁的文章？根据短文的内容及The programguidelines and other related information are available at：http://cambridgesciencefestival．org．可推知这是一个通知，如果想了解更多的信息可以登陆这个网址．故选C．本文是一篇应用文．叙述了第六届剑桥科技节的通知，通知要求5至14的学生可以报名参加，参赛作品可以是一张画、一篇文章、一张照片或一首诗，作品能够鼓励人们探险世界．将在大桥科技节4月21日给优秀作品颁奖．考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．BThe baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital．She is quiet but alert （警觉）．Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it．She stares at it carefully．A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another，this time with the spots differently spaced．As the cards change from one to the other，her gaze （凝视）starts to lose its focus-until a third，with three black spots，is presented．Her gaze returns：she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card．Can she tell that the number two is different from three，just 24 hours after coming into the world？Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer？The same experiment，but with three spots shown before two，shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes．Perhaps it is just the newness？When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects （a comb，a key，an orange and so on），changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves．Could it be the pattern that two things make，as opposed to three？No again．Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three，or three to two．The effect even crosses between senses．Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two；likewise （同样地）when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots．4.The experiment described in Paragraph 1is related to the baby's ______ ．A.sense of hearingB.sense of sightC.sense of touchD.sense of smell5.Babies are sensitive to the change in ______ ．A.the size of cardsB.the color of picturesC.the shape of patternsD.the number of objects6.Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats？______A.To reduce the difficulty of the experiment．B.To see how babies recognize sounds．C.To carry their experiment further．D.To keep the babies'interest．7.Where does this text probably come from？______A.Science fiction．B.Children's literature．C.An advertisement．D.A science report．【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】D 【小题3】C 【小题4】D【解析】4．B．细节理解题．根据文章第一段文中的She stares it carefully．Her gaze starts to lose its focus．可知，本段是对孩子的视觉实验．故选B．5．D．细节理解题．根据文章第二段中的Babies pay more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three，or three to two．可知，D正确．故选D．6．C．细节理解题．根据文章内容"Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two"可知，用鼓来对孩子的听力进行试验．故选C．7．D．推理判断题．纵观文章，文章主要讲述了对刚出生一天的婴儿做实验，通过变化纸上的黑点及鼓的敲打次数对婴儿的视觉、听觉进行的一个实验．这是一篇医学试验报告．故选D．文章主要讲述了对刚出生一天的婴儿做实验，通过变化纸上的黑点及鼓的敲打次数对婴儿的视觉、听觉进行的一个实验．对初生婴儿做实验，通过对卡片上黑点的变化，看新生儿的反应，并根据实验所得婴儿的反应情况进行分析．本文是一个科教类阅读理解，题目涉及多道细节理解题，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．CGiven that many people's moods （情绪）are regulated by the chemical action of chocolate，it was probably only a matter of time before somebody made the chocolate shop similar to a drugstore of Chinese medicine．Looking like a setting from the film Charlie & the Chocolate Factory，Singapore's Chocolate Research Facility （CRF）has over 100 varieties of chocolates．Its founder is Chris Lee who grew up at his parents'comer store with one hand almost always in the jar of sweets．If the CRF seems to be a smart idea，that's because Lee is not merely a seasoned salesperson but also head of a marketing department that has business relations with big names such as Levi's and Sony．That idea surely results in the imagination at work when it comes to making different flavored （味道）chocolates．The CRF's produce is"green"，made within the country and divided into 10lines，with the Alcohol Series being the most popular．The Exotic Series-with Sichuan pepper，red bean （豆）．cheese and other flavors-also does well and is fun to taste．And for chocolate snobs，who think that they have a better knowledge of chocol ate than others，the Connoisseur Series uses cocoa beans from Togo，Cuba，Venezuela，and Ghana，among others．8.What is good about chocolate？______A.It serves as a suitable gift．B.It works as an effective medicine．C.It helps improve the state of mind．D.It strengthens business relations．9.Why is Chris Lee able to develop his idea of the CRF？______A.He knows the importance of research．B.He learns from shops of similar types．C.He has the support of many big namesD.He has a lot of marketing experience．10.Which line of the CRF produce sells best？______A.The Connoisseur Series．B.The Exotic Series．C.The Alcohol Series．D.The Sichuan Series．11.The words"chocolate snobs"in Paragraph 3probably refer to people who ______A.are particular about chocolateB.know little about cocoa beansC.look down upon othersD.like to try new flavors．【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】D 【小题3】C 【小题4】A【解析】8．C 细节理解题．根据第一段第一句话可知，巧克力可以调节人的情绪．A项在文中未提及；文中并未提及巧克力有药物的功效，故B项错误；文中提到CRF的创始人Chris Lee 有广泛的商业人脉，但这并不说明巧克力能加强商业关系，排除D项．故选C．9．D 细节理解题．根据第二段第一句可知Lee不仅仅是一个经验丰富的销售员，而且是一个与一些大品牌有业务往来的市场部经理，因此可以知道他有许多市场经验，正是他丰富的市场经验使得他的理念得以发展．故选D．10．C 细节理解题．根据第三段第一句话中…with the Alcohol Series being the most popular．可知Alcohol Series线的产品卖得最好，故选C．11．A 词义猜测题．根据chocolate snobs后面的定语从句who think that they have a better knowledge of chocolate than others，the Connoisseur Series uses cocoa beans from…可知这些人对制作巧克力的原料很挑剔，B 项为"对可可豆了解很少"；C项为"瞧不起别人"；D项为"喜欢尝试新口味"．故选A．这是一篇说明文．巧克力可以调节人的情绪，现在新加坡的CRF正在帮你生产出令你满意的巧克力．那么，它有哪些优势呢？考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．DAlthough being famous might sound like a dream coming true，today's stars，feeling like zoo animals，face pressures that few of us can imagine．They are at the center of much of the world's attention．Paparazzi （狗仔队）camp outside their homes，cameras ready．Tabloids （小报）publish thrilling stories about their personal lives．Just imagine not being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature!According to psychologist Christina Villareal，celebrities-famous people-worry constantly about their public appearance．Eventually，they start to lose track of who they really are，seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them，not as the persons they were before everyone knew their names．"Over time，"Villareal says，"they feel separated and alone．" The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages．In the 4th century B．C．，painters followed Alexander the Great into battle，hoping to picture his victories for his admirers．When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century，his sold-out readings attracted thousands of fans，leading him to complain （抱怨）about his lack of privacy．Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about film-stars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do．Being a public figure today，however，is a lot more difficult than it used to be．Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras．When they say something silly or do something ridiculous，there is always the Internet to spread the newsin minutes and keep their"story"alive forever．If fame is so troublesome，why aren't all celebrities running away from it？The answer is that there are still ways to deal with it．Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities．They focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place．Sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice．Still，even stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their lives are．They are tired of being famous already．12.It can be learned from the passage that stars today ______ ．A.are often misunderstood by the publicB.can no longer have their privacy protectedC.spend too much on their public appearanceD.care little about how they have come into fame13.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3？______A.Great heroes of the past were gener ally admired．B.The problem faced by celebrities has a long history．C.Well-known actors are usually targets of tabloids．D.Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers．14.What makes it much harder to be a celebrity today？______A.Availability of modern media．B.Inadequate social recognition．ck of favorable chances．D.Huge population of fans．15.What is the author's attitude toward modern celebrity？______A.Sincere．B.Skeptical．C.Disapproving．D.Sympathetic．【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】B 【小题3】A 【小题4】D【解析】12．B．推理判断题．由文章第一段可知，这些名人吸引全世界的注意力；狗仔队在他们家门口安营扎寨，随时准备拍照；街头小报刊登他们的个人生活，他们经常被拍照、被打断要求签名等，由此可推知他们的隐私得不到保护，故选B．13．B．主旨大意题．文章第三段第一句话为主题句，然后又举具体的例子来说明．B 项"名人面对的问题古已有之"，也就是说这个问题已经存在很久了．故选B．14．A 细节理解题：根据第四段的"Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras ．When they say something silly or do something ridiculous，there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their"story"alive forever"可知，他们做任何事情都会被现代照相机、英特网等当代媒体捕捉到，因此，这些现代媒体让今天的人成为名人不容易．故选A．15．D 态度意图题：通读全文可知，作者介绍了很多名人受成名所累，失去了生活的隐私，失去了自我，变得孤独、变得被世界隔离，因此可以推断出作者对他们抱有同情的态度．即选择D项，Sincere真诚的 Sceptical怀疑的disapproving反对的 Sympathetic同情的．故选D．本文为一篇议论文，谈论了作为名人的窘境：名人的隐私得不到保护；名人的生活会受到打扰；名人无时无刻不暴露在媒体下；名人不敢随意说话，因为一不小心就会成为媒体永恒的话题．本文是一篇社会文化类阅读，题目涉及多道细节理解题，推理判断题，态度意图题，主旨大意题．做题时学生应仔细阅读原文，把握文章主要内容，联系文章上下文内容并结合所给选项含义，从中选出正确答案，一定要做到有理有据，切忌胡乱猜测．II、信息匹配(本大题共5小题，共10.0分)Cold blesses us allIt's November，the time of year when people often get blessed more．This is not because God likes cold weather，nor because others are fee ling generous with Thanksgiving just around the corner．（16）______ Colds and the flu are the most common illnesses people get in autumn and winter as the weather gets colder．They are all caused by viruses，but colds are generally milder-you'll feel annoyed but not as if you want to die．Teenagers catch average six to ten colds a year，according to statistics from the Ministry of Health，while adults average two to four．More than 200 viruses cause cold symptoms．（17）______ You can be contagious（传染的）one day before symptoms develop and for up to five days after becoming sick．The signature symptom of a cold is a runny nose．The flu will make you burn with fever，ache all over，feel extremely tired and cough intensely．The flu can sometimes lead to more serious diseases，such as pneumonia．（18）______ A doctor can test you to see whether you have the flu in the first few days of the illness．But some treatments for both are pretty much the same：●（19）______ Many doctors consider water a weapon against the common cold．It helps your blood drive off viruses and flood them out．●Keep warm．You might be cold one minute and hot the next，and wearing several layers is very important．●Wash your hands frequently．You don't want to make it worse by spreading the flu to everyone else．Also，avoid sharing cups and eating utensil s（餐具）with other people．（20）______ But if your flu symptoms get worse，go to a hospital or clinic right away．A．You can pass on the flu before you even know you have it．B．Drink lots of water．C．Taking medicine on time is a good way to prevent the illness．D．"Bless you!"is a common response to sneezes，the symptom of catching a cold or the flu．E．Get lots of sleep and take it easy．F．Sometimes，it's hard to tell a cold from the flu based on symptoms alone．G．Most people who catch the flu get better without having to see their doctor．16.17.18.19.20.【答案】【小题1】D 【小题2】A 【小题3】F 【小题4】B 【小题5】G【解析】16．D 17．A 18．F 19．B 20．G16．D 根据上文提到This is not because God likes cold weather，nor because others are fee ling generous with Thanksgiving just around the corner．这不是因为上帝喜欢冷天气也不是因为别人感到感恩节就要来临，故选D祝福你是一句很很普通的打喷嚏反应语，也是感冒的症状．17．A 根据上文提到Teenagers catch average six to ten colds a year，according to statistics from the Ministry of Health，while adults average two to four．More than 200viruses cause cold symptoms．青少年一年会感冒六到十次，而成年人二到四次，200种病毒会导致感冒症状，故选A在你感冒之前可能会传染．18．F 根据下文提到A doctor can test you to see whether you have the flu in the first few days of the illness在开始的那些天医生会检查你是否得了感冒，故选F有时，单独凭症状来判断感冒是很困难．19．B 根据下文提到Many doctors consider water a weapon against the common cold．许多医生认为水是对抗普通感冒的最佳办法，故选B多喝水．20．G 根据下文提到But if your flu symptoms get worse，go to a hospital or clinic right away 如果你的感冒症状变得严重，立刻去医院，故选G许多得感冒的人不去看医生就可以自愈．本文讲述在每年进入十一月，感冒的人开始多来起来，提出几点防治感冒的方法．对于七选五阅读类的文章要求考生读懂文章的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，把所给的词汇、短语或者句子放到原文中看是否符合上下文的逻辑，衔接是否紧密，条理等；并结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，检查所填内容是否符合文章的言外之意，是否通顺等III、完形填空(本大题共20小题，共30.0分)An old man was dying．One by one his relatives visited him．Even relatives and friends he hadn't seen for years ( 21 ) him to say farewell．They all ( 22 ) their deep love for him．( 23 ) each came to him，the old man held each person by their ( 24 ) and spoke to each．To one he said，"Yes，I love you．"To ( 25 ) he said，"I go without any ill will．"To a third one he said，"Peace be with you．"And so to each person he said such ( 26 ) words．Then the old man ( 27 ) Nasrudin （a wise man in the Middle East）．When Nasrudin came in，he stood on one side，( 28 ) everyone and listened to what they said and what the dying man said to them．After a while，Nasrudin ( 29 ) his hands in the air，and when everyone ( 30 ) to hear him，Nasrudin said，"Fools!Why didn't you visit him in his good ( 31 ) ？You didn't love him when he was healthy，but you love him when he is dying!" After that，Nasrudin turned to the ( 32 ) man and shouted，"Fool!Why didn't you live with such nice feelings all the days when you were ( 33 ) and fully alive？"With that，Nasrudin left the ( 34 ) ．The old man ( 35 ) and said，"At last I've heard the ( 36 ) ．It is a blessing to ( 37 ) having heard the truth．"The old man died ( 38 ) ．What about the others？They returned to their ( 39 ) business of life and continued as they always had been．And Nasrudin？When he returned to his ( 40 ) just outside the old man's house，the donkey made a long high sound，"Hee-haw!Hee-haw!"Nasrudin said，"Yes，I know…You're right…Live well；die well…"21.A.called on B.looked after C.cared about D.depended on22.A.offered B.bought C.kept D.expressed23.A.Before B.As C.Because D.Although24.A.face B.leg C.hand D.head25.A.another B.other C.all D.some26.A.possible B.necessary C.polite D.kind27.A.visited B.invited C.bothered D.employedforted B.helped C.observed D.blamed29.A.raised B.lent C.washed D.hid30.A.forced B.turned C.ordered D.changed31.A.need B.mood C.health D.position32.A.living B.visiting ing D.dying33.A.safe B.important C.weak D.energetic34.A.party B.scene C.meeting D.conference35.A.smiled B.appeared C.screamed D.jumped36.A.message B.news C.truth D.fact37.A.stay B.work C.sleep D.die38.A.secretly B.proudly C.sadly D.peacefully39.A.strange B.normal C.important D.perfect40.A.donkey B.car C.assistant D.wife【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】D 【小题3】B 【小题4】C 【小题5】A【小题6】D 【小题7】B 【小题8】C 【小题9】A 【小题10】B【小题11】C 【小题12】D 【小题13】D 【小题14】B 【小题15】A【小题16】C 【小题17】D 【小题18】D 【小题19】B 【小题20】A【解析】21-25A D B C A 26-30．D B C A B 31-35．C D D B A 36-40．C D D B A 21．A 考查动词短语．A．called on号召，拜访；B．looked after 照顾；C．cared about 关心；D．depended on依赖，取决于．根据前一句One by one his relatives visited him 及本句句意：即使是那些他多年都没有见过的朋友和亲戚都来拜访他和他告别．故选A．22．D 考查动词．A．offered提供；B．bought购买；C．kept保持；D．expressed 表达．固定搭配：express love/happiness/feelings表达爱/幸福/感情等．故选D．23．B 考查连词．分析句子的意思可知，这里是说当每个人来到他跟前的时候．由此可见这是一个as引导的时间状语从句；故选B．24．C 考查名词．根据前面的动词held是hold的过去式，意思是握住，拿着，因此可知句意：每一个来的人这个老人都握住他们的手并和他们说话．故选C．25．A 考查形容词．分析句子的内容可知，本句考查固定句式：one…another一方面…另一方面；一个…另一个．故选A．26．D 考查形容词．A．possible可能的；B．necessary必要的；C．polite有礼貌的；D．kind善良的．根据第一段那个老人说的话可知，他说的都是善良的话．故选D．27．B 考查动词．根据后文，When Nasrudin came in，当纳斯尔丁进来的时候，可知是那个将死的老人邀请他过来的．故选B．28．C 考查动词．A．comforted安慰；B．helped帮助；C．observed观察，遵守，庆祝；D．blamed责怪．根据前文he stood on one side他进门之后，没有直接说话，而是站在一边，听来看望老人的人说的话以及老人对那些人说的话．可知他这是在观察这些人．故选C．29．A 考查动词．A．raised举起，饲养，提出；B．lent借出；C．washed洗涤；D．hid隐藏，遮蔽．固定搭配：raise one's hands举起某人的双手．故选A．30．B 考查动词．A．forced 迫使，强制；B．turned转向；C．ordered命令，预定，整理；D．changed改变．句意：当每个人都转向他听他说话的时候．故选B．31．C 考查名词．A．need需求；B．mood心情；C．health健康；D．position位置，立场．根据后文You didn't love him when he was healthy，当他健康的时候你们不爱他．可知这里是想问拜访老人的人为什么不在老人身体健康的时候来看望他，而是在老人将死之时来拜访．故选C．32．D 考查动词．跟据前文第一段An old man was dying．一个将要死亡的老人可知答案．故选D．33．D 考查形容词．A．safe 安全的；B．important重要的；C．weak虚弱的；D．energetic 充满活力的．根据后面的fully alive（十分有活力）可知这一空用and连接，说明是并列关系，应该是和alive意义相近的词语．故选D．34．B 考查名词．根据left（leave离开的过去式）可知，句意：纳斯尔丁离开了现场．故选B．35．A 考查动词．A．smiled微笑；B．appeared出现，露面；C．screamed尖叫；D．jumped 跳跃．根据后文的It is a blessing这是一个祝福，可知这里应该用一个表现好的一面的形容词．故选A．36．C 考查名词．根据后面having heard the truth听到这个真相．可知这里也应该是选truth．故选C．37．D 考查动词．根据文意，老人说完这句话就去世了，结合前后文可知这句句意：听到这个真相是对我去世的一个祝福．故选D．38．D 考查副词．A．secretly秘密地；B．proudly骄傲地；C．sadly伤心地；D．peacefully 平静地．根据前文，老人听到了自己想听的真相，于是就平静的去世了．故选D．39．B 考查形容词．句意：其他人都回到了正常的生活继续他们原本的样子．故选B．40．A 考查名词．A．donkey驴；B．car小车；C．assistant助手；D．wife妻子．根据后文the donkey（驴子）可知这里也应该选驴子．故选A．本文属于人物故事类的短文阅读．主要讲解了众人来看望一位将死的老人，并表达对他的关爱，老人也表达的自己的满足、欣慰之情，但是中东的一位智者Nasrudin却表达的自己的独特见解：众人应该在老人平时身体健康的时候就来看望他，而这位将死的老人也应该在自己健康的时候感恩生活而不是在临终前．即我们要珍惜现在而不是临终前的那一刻时光．本文是一篇人物故事类阅读，题目涉及名词，动词，形容词，副词词义辨析，固定用法及上下文联系，做题时应结合文章上下文内容并根据所给选项的含义进行分析，从而得出正确答案．切记胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．IV、信息匹配(本大题共10小题，共15.0分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式．I was nine years old when I learnt to ride a bike．The bike was a birthday present from my uncle．You can imagine how （41）______ （excite）I was when I saw the bike，and I begged my uncle to teach me how （42）______ （ride）it right away．However，before I got on the bike，I felt （43）______ （extreme）nervous and l was afraid that l would fall off and hurt （44）______ （me）．My uncle held onto the seat and helped me to get （45）______ the bike．While l was riding，he was running along beside me，holding the seat so I would not fall over．I was so （46）______ （grate）to him for his help．As I was practicing，I became more and more confident．Then，I heard my uncle shouting，"You are riding it by yourself now!"I was both excited and scared．I was really riding by myself，but （47）______ if I fell off？Could I use the brakes to stop？As I was wonderingabout this，my uncle ran after me and got hold of the bike．I （48）______ （slow）down and came to a stop．My heart was still beating fast when I got off the bike．（49）______ （late）that day，having learnt how to get on the bike and get off it，I felt like l was walking on air!I am still thankful to my uncle for teaching me to ride a bike on my （50）______ （nine）birthday．41.42.43.44.45.46.47.48.49.50.【答案】【小题1】excited 【小题2】to ride 【小题3】extremely 【小题4】myself 【小题5】on 【小题6】grateful 【小题7】what 【小题8】slowed 【小题9】Later 【小题10】ninth【解析】41．excited 考查形容词．根据句意：你能想象的到我是感到多么兴奋．excited是形容词"感到兴奋的"．42．to ride 考查非谓语．疑问词+动词不定式在句中做宾语．如何骑自行车．43．extremely 考查副词．此处用副词修饰形容词nervous，"非常紧张"．44．myself考查代词．根据句意：我摔下来，伤了我自己．hurt myself．45．on 考查固定短语．根据句意：帮助我上车．get on 英语的固定短语"上车"．46．grateful 考查固定短语．be grateful to"对某人感激"．47．what 考查固定句式．What if---？倘若---会怎样？故填what．48．slowed 考查时态．根据句意：我把速度慢下来，停了下来．可知用一般过去时态，故填slowed．49．Later 考查固定短语．根据句意：那天晚些时候．故填Later．50．ninth 考查数词．根据句意：我的第九个生日．可知用序数词，故填ninth．本文写了作者收到生日礼物自行车后，学习骑自行车的故事．语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析．要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目．V、短文改错(本大题共1小题，共10.0分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处．错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．I'm more than happy to hear you．You told me you were having trouble learn Chinese and w anted some advices from me．Firstly，why not to learn to sing Chinese songs？It's a good way to learn Chinese and can make you feel relaxing．Secondly，you can make some Chinese friends．Although you get along well with it，they will help you to learn Chinese．Beside，it will be helpful if you watched some Chinese TV programmes and read some Chinese novel s．Finally，joining a club is also the good way to learn Chinese．In this way，you will get more chances to practice Chinese．I hope the suggestions will be useful．【答案】I'm more than happy to hear∧you．You told me you were having trouble learn Chinese and wanted some advices from me．Firstly，why notto learn to sing Chinese songs？It's a good way to learn Chinese and can make you feel relaxing．Secondly，you can make some Chinese friends．Although you get along well with it，they will help you to learn Chinese．Beside，it will be helpful if you watched some Chinese TV programmes and read some Chinese novels．Finally，joining a club is also the good way to learn Chinese．In this way，you will get more chances to practice Chinese．I hope the suggestions will be useful．详解：1．在hear 后加from；考查固定短语，hear from是固定搭配，意为"收到…的来信"．hear 意为"听到"，结合上下文此处应该用hear from．2．learn改为learning；考查非谓语动词，have trouble （in）doing sth．是固定搭配，意思是：做某事有困难．．3．advices改为advice；考查名词，advice是不可数名词，没有复数形式．4．去掉to；考查固定句式，Why not do sth．是固定句型，意思是：为什么不…呢．故把to 去掉．5．relaxing改为relaxed；考查分词作形容词，现在分词作形容词表示事物的性质，过去分词作形容词说明人的感受，句中修饰的是you，故用过去分词作形容词．6．Although改为If；考查连词，根据句子前后的意思可知此处是一个条件状语从句，所以要用If．7．it改为them；考查人称代词的数，由于上一句提到的是Chinese friends，可知代词要用复数形式，故用them．8．Beside改为Besides；考查形近单词辨析，Beside是介词，意思是：在…旁边；besides 是副词或介词，意思是：除此以外．联系上下文，可知此处应该用besides．9．watched改为watch；考查动词的时态，这是一个条件状语从句，主句用了一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时．故用watch．10．the改为a；考查冠词，此处所说的是一种方法，故用不定冠词a表示泛指．【解析】作者在本文中介绍了如何学好汉语的几种方法：首先可以学唱汉语歌曲，在放松的状态下学习汉语；其次，结交中国朋友，他们可以帮你学好汉语；另外看汉语的电视节目或读汉语小说对汉语的学习也是有帮助的；最后，加入一个俱乐部，你将会有更多练习汉语的机会．整体把握短文大意，弄清短文的基本时态，分析句子之间的结构关系，结合上下文语境。

吉林省实验中学2017届高三下学期第五次模拟考试理科综合试题第Ⅰ卷一、选择题：本题共13小题，每小题6分。

在每小题给出的4个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1.下列关于细胞的叙述，正确的是（）A．精细胞、神经细胞、根尖分生区细胞不是都有细胞周期，但化学成分均不断更新B．蓝藻细胞内不形成染色体和纺锤体，故增殖方式为无丝分裂C．细胞分化使各种细胞的遗传物质有所差异，导致细胞的形态和功能各不相同D．原癌基因或抑癌基因突变均会导致细胞癌变，细胞中糖蛋白增多2.下列关于酶和激素的叙述，正确的是（）A．酶具有高效性，能使原来不发生的化学反应发生B．不是所有酶的合成过程都与碱基互补配对原则有关C．具有分泌功能的细胞都能产生酶，但不一定能合成激素D．酶都由活细胞产生并只在细胞内起催化作用3.下列不属于有丝分裂和减数分裂过程中均可发生的变异的是（）A．DNA复制时可发生碱基对的增添、缺失或替换，导致基因突变B．非同源染色体之间发生自由组合，导致基因重组C．非同源染色体之间交换一部分片段，导致染色体结构变异D．着丝点分裂后形成的两条染色体不能移向两极，导致染色体数目变异4.如图表示神经纤维在静息和兴奋状态下K＋跨膜运输的过程，其中甲为某种载体蛋白，乙为通道蛋白。

该通道蛋白横跨细胞膜，具有离子选择性。

下列有关分析正确的是（）A．K＋均以主动运输方式进出细胞B．A侧为神经细胞膜的内侧，B侧为神经细胞膜的外侧C．运输K＋的载体蛋白甲和通道蛋白乙也都能运输Na＋D．神经纤维上静息电位的产生主要是K＋经乙外流的结果5.为保护美洲某草原的鹿群，自1907年开始人工捕猎美洲狮和狼。

若干年后，鹿种群的数量变化如图所示。

以下分析不正确的是（）A．1905年前，鹿的数量保持在4000头左右主要是有捕食者B．1925年前后，该区域内鹿种群的K值是保持在100000头C．1927年后，鹿的数量迅速减少的主要原因是草场被破坏D．鹿、美洲狮、狼等在该生态系统中相互依存、相互制约6.以下实验方法可达到实验目的的是（）A．用苏丹III染液可将胆固醇染成橘黄色B．用溴麝香草酚蓝水溶液检测酵母菌无氧呼吸是否产生酒精C．用样方法调查某一区域内土壤中小动物的丰富度D．用洋葱鳞片叶内表皮细胞观察DNA、RNA在细胞中的分布7．下列反应原理不符合工业冶炼金属事实情况的是（）A．2↑ B．4Al + 3MnO2高温 2Al2O3 + 3Mn C．2MgO 电解 2Mg + O2↑ D．4CO + Fe3O4高温 3Fe + 4CO2↑8．设NA 为阿伏加德罗常数的值。

2017-2018学年二、选择题：本题共8小题，每小题6分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，14~17题只有一项符合题目要求，18~21题有多项符合题目要求，全部选对的得6分，选对但不全的得3分，有选错的得0分14、物理学的发展对人类文明起着重要的作用，下列对物理学家所做的贡献的叙述中正确的是A、安培最早测定了元电荷e的数值B、法拉第引入电场线和磁感线来描述电场和磁场，极大地促进了电磁学的研究C、楞次通过实验研究，发现了电流周围存在磁场D、开普勒发现了太阳系行星运动的规律，并由此发现了万有引力定律【答案】B【解析】【名师点睛】平时学习应该注意积累对物理学史的了解，知道前辈科学家们为探索物理规律而付出的艰辛努力，对于物理学上重大发现、发明、著名理论要加强记忆，这也是考试内容之一15、如图所示，三根细绳共系于O点，其中绳OA在竖直方向上，OB水平并跨过光滑的定滑轮悬挂一个重物，OC的C点固定在地面上，整个装置处于静止状态，若将绳OC加长从而使C点左移，同时保持O点位置不变，装置仍然保持静止状态，则绳OA上拉力和绳OC上的拉力与改变前相比A、、都减小B、、都增大C、增大、减小D、减小、增大【答案】A【解析】试题分析：以O点为研究对象，其受三个力平衡，如图．当按题示情况变化时，OB绳的拉力不变，OA绳拉力的方向不变，OC绳拉力的方向与拉力方向的夹角减小，保持平衡时的变化如虚线所示，显然都是减小了．考点：考查了力的动态平衡分析【名师点睛】在解析力的动态平衡问题时，一般有两种方法，一种是根据受力分析，列出力和角度三角函数的关系式，根据角度变化进行分析解题，一种是几何三角形相似法，这种方法一般解决几个力都在变化的情况，列出力与三角形对应边的等式关系，进行解题分析16、两个物体从同一高度同时由静止开始下落，经过一段时间分别与水平地面发生碰撞（碰撞过程时间极短）后反弹，碰撞前后瞬间速度大小不变，其中一个物体所受空气阻力可忽略，另一个物体所受空气阻力大小与物体速率成正比，分别用虚线和实线描述两物体运动的v-t图像，可能正确的是【答案】D【解析】【名师点睛】本题的关键是根据题目的意思判断出物体的运动情况及加速度变化情况，知道根据速度时间图象的斜率表示加速度，难度适中17、在现代科学研究中，用来加速电子的电子感应加速器利用的是变化的磁场所产生的感生电场，其基本原理如图1所示，上、下为电磁体的两个磁极，磁极之间有一个环形真空室，电子在真空室中做圆周运动，上图为侧视图，下图为真空室的俯视图，现在线圈中通入如图2所示的正弦交流电（图1中箭头方向为电流的正方向），所产生的感生电场使电子加速，若从上往下看，电子在真空室中沿逆时针方向运动，则在0~T时间内，可用于逆时针运动的电子加速的时间段为A、B、C、D、【答案】C【解析】【名师点睛】由于磁场时周期变化的，根据麦克斯韦电磁场理论可知，产生的电场也是周期性变化的，故电子在真空室中一段时间加速度，又有一段时间减速度，再加速度，再减速，周而复始18、能量是物理学中最重要，意义最深远的概念之一，下列与能量有关的说法中正确的是A、能量概念的引入是科学前辈们追寻恒量的一个重要事例B、无论选何处为重力势能的参考平面，位于同一位置的两个不同物体，质量大的物体的重力势能一定大C、动能定理的公式可由牛顿第二定律和匀变速直线运动的规律推出，所以动能定理只适用于物体在恒力作用下做匀变速直线运动的过程D、常规能源的短缺，环境恶化和能量耗散告诉我们，自然界的能量虽守恒，但还是要节约能源【答案】AD【解析】试题分析：能量概念的引入是科学前辈们追寻恒量的一个重要事例，A正确；如果两个物体在零势能面的下方，在同一位置，质量越大，重力势能越小，B错误；动能定理不仅适用于物体受恒力作用而做加速运动的过程，也适用于其他物理过程，C错误；常规能源的短缺，环境恶化和能量耗散告诉我们，自然界的能量虽守恒，但还是要节约能源，D正确；考点：考查了能量守恒定律【名师点睛】需要注意的是重力势能是标量，其符号参与大小的比较，所以重力势能为-15J的要比重力势能为-1J的小，动能定理适用于任何物理过程19、图甲所示为小球在一端固定于O点的轻弹簧的牵引力在光滑水平面上做椭圆运动的轨迹，图乙为某卫星绕地球作椭圆运动的轨迹，则下列说法中正确的是A、小球由B经C到D点时间与由D经A到B点的时间相等B、卫星由经到点时间与由经到点的时间相等C、小球在A点的速度小于小球在B点的速度D、若卫星在点的速度大小为v，则卫星在点的加速度大小为【答案】AC【解析】试题分析：根据运动的对称性可知小球由B经C到D点时间与由D经A到B点的时间相等，A正确；由于卫星受到的引力充当向心力，在距离中心天体越近的地方，引力越大，根据可得，所以距离中心天体越近，速度越大，故经到点过程中的速度大于由经到点过程中速度，两个过程中的路程相同，所以时间不等，B 错误；根据胡可定律可知，小球受到的弹力指向O点，从A到B过程中力与速度方向夹角为锐角，即弹力做正功，动能增大，故小球在A点的速度小于小球在B点的速度，C正确；若卫星在点时，运动半径大于，加速度小于，所以D错误；考点：考查了万有引力定律的应用【名师点睛】本题区分了一种轨迹两种运动的区别，一定要注意图甲中弹力时刻指向O点，但图乙中万有引力时刻指向中心天体，不是点20、如图所示，a、b、c、d是某匀强电场中的四个点，它们是一个四边形的四个顶点，ab∥cd，ab⊥bc，2ab=cd=bc=2l，电场方向与四边形所在平面平行，已知a点电势为24V，b点电势为28V，d点电势为12V，一个质子（不计重力）经过b点的速度大小为，方向与bc成45°，一段时间后经过c点，则下列说法正确的是A、c点电势为20VB、质子从b运动到c所用的时间为C、场强方向由a指向cD、质子从b运动到c电场力做功为8eV【答案】ABD【解析】考点：考查了电势，等势面，电场强度，电场力做功【名师点睛】本题关键是找等势点，作等势线，并抓住等势线与电场线垂直的特点，问题就变得简单明晰21、如图所示，绝缘粗糙斜面固定在水平面上，斜面所在空间存在平行于斜面向上的匀强电场E，轻弹簧一端固定在斜面顶端，另一端栓接一质量不计的绝缘薄板，一带正电的小滑块，从斜面上的P点由静止释放，沿斜面向上运动，并能压缩弹簧至R点（图中未标尺）然后返回，则A、滑块从P点运动到R点过程中，其机械能增量等于电场力与弹簧弹簧弹力做功之和B、滑块从P点运动到R点过程中，电势能的减小量大于重力势能和弹簧弹性势能的增加量之和C、滑块返回过程能到达的最低位置位于P点的上方，D、滑块最终停下来，克服摩擦力所做的功等于电势能减小量与重力势能增加量之差，【答案】BC【解析】考点：考查了功能关系的应用【名师点睛】该题中，小滑块的运动的过程相对是比较简单的，只是小滑块运动的过程中，对小滑块做功的力比较多，要逐个分析清楚，不能有漏掉的功，特别是摩擦力的功三、非选择题：包括必考题和选考题两部分22、“探究质量一定，加速度与物体受力成正比”实验中，某小组设计了如图所示的实验装置，图中上下两层是光滑水平轨道，两完全相同小车前端系上细线，细线跨过定滑轮并挂上砝码盘，两小车尾部细线连到控制装置上，可以通过控制装置控制小车的运动时间。

吉林省实验中学2017届高三年级第五次模拟考试理科综合试卷可能用到的相对原子质量：H：1 C：12 N：14 O：16 S：32第Ⅰ卷一、选择题：本题共13小题，每小题6分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1．下列有关生物体内化合物的叙述，正确的是（）A．蛋白质的空间结构被破坏时，其特定功能不会发生改变B．三磷酸腺苷、磷脂、线粒体外膜共有的组成元素是C、H、O、N、PC．RNA与DNA分子均由四种核苷酸组成，前者不能储存遗传信息D．葡萄糖、乳酸、氨基酸依次是光合作用、细胞呼吸、基因表达的产物2．下图表示人体骨髓造血干细胞的生命历程。

下列相关叙述错误的是（）A．a过程细胞与外界环境进行物质交换的效率提高B、C过程的根本原因是基因的选择性表达C．④细胞可能继续进行细胞分裂和分化D．图中三种血细胞一般不会再变成细胞③3．关于蛋白质生物合成的叙述，正确的是（）A．线粒体中存在转录和翻译过程B．一种tRNA可以携带多种氨基酸C．RNA聚合酶是在细胞核内合成的D．转录与翻译过程碱基配对方式相同4．黄猄蚁是聚果榕上常见的蚂蚁种类。

黄猄蚁能通过捕食在榕果表面产卵的寄生榕小蜂，减少其在榕果上的产卵；但是对进入榕果的传粉榕小蜂捕食较少。

那些有黄猄蚁栖息的榕树上榕果种子产量较大。

以下分析正确的是（）A．黄猄蚁与聚果榕之间存在能量流动关系B．寄生榕小蜂与传粉榕小峰之间存在寄生关系C．传粉榕小峰与聚果榕之间存在捕食和竞争关系D．两种榕小峰、黄猄蚁、榕树之间存在共同进化5．生产上培育无籽番茄、青霉素高产菌株、杂交培育矮秆抗锈病小麦、抗虫棉的培育依据的原理依次是：（）①生长素促进果实发育②染色体变异③基因重组④基因突变⑤基因工程 A ．②④③③ B ．①④③③ C ．①④③⑤ D ．①②④②6．下列关于生物实验方法的描述正确的是（ ）A ．观察细胞中的染色体数目，实验材料为紫色洋葱鳞片叶外表皮细胞B ．在纸层析法分离叶绿体中色素的实验结果中，滤纸条上蓝绿色的色素带最宽，原因是叶绿素a 在层析液中溶解度最高C ．观察植物细胞的减数分裂，不可选用开放的豌豆花的花药作为实验材料D ．探究促进生根的最适NAA 浓度需要做预实验，其目的是减小实验误差 7．化学与人类生产、生活密切相关，下列有关说法正确的是（ ） A ．高纯度的硅单质广泛用于制作光导纤维B ．汽车尾气中氮氧化物的产生主要是由于汽油中含有氮元素C ．用蘸有浓氨水的棉棒检验输送氯气的管道是否漏气D ．埃博拉病毒对化学药品敏感，乙醇、次氯酸钠溶液均可以将病毒氧化而达到消毒的目的 8．设A N 为阿伏伽德罗常数，下列说法正确的是（ ） A ．21molFeI 与足量的氯气反应时转移的电子数为A 2N B ．常温下，334gNH 含有6N A 个N H ﹣共价键 C ．221molNa O 中含有的离子总数为A 4ND ．标准状况下，416 gCH 与2224 LH O ．含有的电子数均为A 10N 9．下列关于有机化合物的说法正确的是（ ） A ．2﹣甲基丁烷也称异丁烷 B ．由乙烯生成乙醇属于加成反应 C ．49C H Cl 有3种同分异构体 D ．油脂和蛋白质都属于高分子化合物10.下列有关实验装置的说法中正确的是（ ）A ．用图装置制取干燥纯净的3NHB ．用图装置实验室制备2Fe(OH)C ．用图装置可以完成“喷泉”实验D ．用图装置测量Cu 与浓硝酸反应产生气体体积11．四种短周期主族元素W 、X 、Y 、Z 的原子序数依次增大，W 、X 的简单离子具有相同电子层结构，X 的原子半径是短周期主族元素原子中最大的，W 与Y 同族，Z 与X 形成的离子化合物的水溶液呈中性。