信号处理仿真(MATLAB)实验指导书青岛大学自动化工程学院电子工程系2006年4月MATLAB 实验一一、实验目的：1. Be familiar with MATLAB Environment2. Be familiar with array and matrix3. Be familiar with MATLAB operations and simple plot function二、实验内容：1. Be familiar with Matlab 6.5Startup Matlab 6.5, browse the major tools of the Matlab desktop ⏹ The Command Windows⏹ The Command History Windows ⏹ Launch Pad⏹ The Edit/Debug Window ⏹ Figure Windows⏹ Workspace Browser and Array Editer ⏹ Help Browser⏹ Current Directory BrowserPART I:下列选择练习，不需提交实验报告1． Give the answer of the following questions for the array1.10.02.13.560.01.16.62.83.412.10.10.30.41.31.45.10.01.10.0a r r a y -⎡⎤⎢⎥-⎢⎥=⎢⎥-⎢⎥-⎣⎦ 1）What is the size of array1?4×52）What is the value of array1(4,1)? - 1.43）What is the size and value of array1(:,1:2)? Size: 4×2 array1=[1.1 0.0 2.1 3.5 6.0 0.0 1.1 6.6 2.8 3.4]4） What is the size and value of array1([1 3], end)? Size:3×5Value:array1=1.14.03.01.01.24.38.36.61.20.00.65.31.20.01.12． Give the answer of the following commad 1) a=1:2:5; a=1 3 5 2) b=[a ’ a ’ a ’];b= 5553331113) c=b(1:2:3,1:2:3);c= 55114) d=a+b(2,:) d= 8645) w=[zeros(1,3) ones(3,1)’ 3:5’] w =0 0 0 1 1 1 3 4 5 3． Give the answer of the sub-arrays1.10.02.13.560.01.16.62.83.412.10.10.30.41.31.45.10.01.10.0a r r a y -⎡⎤⎢⎥-⎢⎥=⎢⎥-⎢⎥-⎣⎦1) array1(3,:);ans=[2.1 0.1.0.3 -0.4 1.3] 2) array1(:,3); ans = 2.1000 -6.6000 0.3000 03) array1(1:2:3,[3 3 4])ans =2.1000 2.1000 -3.5000 0.3000 0.3000 -0.4000 4) array1([1 1],:) ans =1.1000 02.1000 -3.5000 6.0000 1.1000 0 2.1000 -3.5000 6.0000 4． Give the answer of the following operations22111,,,(2)12022a b c d e y e --⎡⎤⎡⎤⎡⎤====⎢⎥⎢⎥⎢⎥--⎣⎦⎣⎦⎣⎦ 1) a+bans =3 -3 -1 42) a*dans =2 -2-1 22) a.*d ans =2 0 0 2 3) a*cans =6-54) a.*c??? Error using ==> times Matrix dimensions must agree 5) a\b ans =1.0000 1.0000 0.5000 1.5000 6) a.\bans =0.5000 0.5000 0 1.00008)a.^b ans =2.0000 -0.5000 1.0000 4.0000PART I:下列选择练习，不需提交实验报告1．Edit & Run the m-file% test step response functionwn=6; kosi=[0.1:0.1:1.0 2]; figure(1); hold on for kos=kosinum=wn^2; den=[1,2*kos*wn,wn.^2]; step(num,den)endhold off;12345678900.20.40.60.811.21.41.6Step ResponseTime (sec)A m p l i t u d e2．Edit & Run the m-file% test plot functionx=0:pi/20:3*pi; y1=sin(x); y2=2*cos(2*x); plot(x,y1,'rv:',x,y2,'bo--');title('Plot the Line of y=sin(2x) and its derivative'); xlabel('X axis'); ylabel('Y axis'); legend('f(x)','d/dxf(x)');X axisY a x i sgrid on;3． Edit & Run the m-file% test subplot and loglog functionx=0:0.1:10; y=x.^2-10.*x+26; subplot(2,2,1); plot(x,y); grid on;subplot(2,2,2); semilogx(x,y); grid on; subplot(2,2,3); semilogy(x,y); grid on; subplot(2,2,4); loglog(x,y); grid on;510010203010-1100101010203005101010110210-110101101011024．Edit & Run the m-file% test max and plot functionvolts=120; rs=50; rl=1:0.1:100;amps=volts./(rs+rl); pl=(amps.^2).*rl; [maxvol,index]=max(pl); plot(rl,pl,rl(index),pl(index),'rh'); grid on;010203040506070809010020406080一、实验目的：1. Learn to design branch statements program2. Be familiar with relational and logical operators3. Practice 2D plotting二、实验内容：PART I: (选择练习，不需提交实验报告)1. Hold command exercise x=-pi:pi/20:pi;y1=sin(x); y2=cos(x); plot(x,y1, 'b-'); hold on; plot(x,y2, 'k--'); hold off;legend ('sinx', 'cosx')2. Figure command exercisefigure(1);subplot(2,1,1);x=-pi:pi/20:pi; y=sin(x); plot(x,y); grid on; title('Subplot 1 Title'); subplot(2,1,2);x=-pi:pi/20:pi; y=cos(x); plot(x,y); grid on; title('Subplot 2 Title');3．Polar Plots exerciseg=0.5;theta=0:pi/20:2*pi;gain=2*g*(1+cos(theta));polar(theta,gain,'r-');title('\fontsize{20} \bfGain versus angle \theta');4. Assume that a,b,c, and d are defined, and evaluate the following expression. a=20; b=-2; c=0; d=1;(1)a>b;ans =1(2) b>d;ans =0(3) a>b&c>d;ans =0(4) a==bans =0(5) a&b>c;ans =06) ~~b;ans =1a=2; b=[1 –2;-0 10]; c=[0 1;2 0]; d=[-2 1 2;0 1 0];(7) ~(a>b) % ~非ans =0 00 1(8) a>c&b>cans =1 00 1(9) c<=bans =1 00 1a=2; b=3; c=10; d=0;(10) a*b^2>a*cans = 0(11) d|b>a %先计算b>aans = 1(12) (d|b)>a % d|b或ans = 0a=20; b=-2; c=0; d=’Test’;(13) isinf(a/b)ans = 0(14) isinf(a/c)ans = 1(15) a>b&ischar(d)ans = 1(16) isempty(c)ans = 04.Write a Matlab program to solve the function1()ln1y xx=-, where x is a number <1. Usean if structure to verify that the value passed to the program is legal. If the value of x is legal, caculate y(x). If not ,write a suitable error message and quit.Answer:function answer=my(x)answer=log(1/(1-x));end %functionx=input('Input a number:')if x<1.0answer=my(x)elsedisp('The number is illeagle,input another number please')endPART II: (需提交实验报告)1.3. Write out m. file and plot the figures with gridsAssume that the complex function f(t) is defined by the equationf(t)=(0.5-0.25i)t-1.0Plot the amplitude and phase of function for 0 4.t≤≤%amplitude振幅phase相位function f=me(t)f=(1+0.25*i)*t-2.0endt=0:0.01:4f=me(t)m=abs(f);n=angle(f)subplot(221);plot(t,f);subplot(222);plot(t,m);subplot(224);plot(t,n);4. Write the Matlab statements required to calculate y(t) from the equation22350()350t t y t t t -+≥⎧=⎨+<⎩for value of t between –9 and 9 in steps of 0.5. Use loops and branches to perform this calculation.t=-9:0.5:9 if t<0y=3*(t.^2)+5 elsey=-3*(t.^2)+5 plot(t,y) xlabel('t') ylabel('y')title('y(t)²¨ÐÎ') endtyMATLAB 实验三一、实验目的：1. Learn to design loop statements program3. Practice 2D plotting二、实验内容：PART I: (选择练习，不需提交实验报告)pare the 3 approaches follows (Loops and Vectorization向量化)%A. Perform calculation by For Loop with pre-initialize arraytic;square=zeros(1,10000) %pre-initialize arrayfor ii=1:10000square(ii)=ii^2;square_root(ii)=ii^(1/2);cube_root(ii)=ii^(1/3);endtoc; t1=tocElapsed time is 0.024418 seconds.t1 =0.0244%B. Perform calculation by For Loop without pre-initialize arraytic;for ii=1:10000square(ii)=ii^2;square_root(ii)=ii^(1/2);cube_root(ii)=ii^(1/3);endtoc; t2=toca3Elapsed time is 0.193202 seconds.t2 =0.1932%C. Perform calculation with vectorstic;ii=1:10000square(ii)=ii.^2;square_root(ii)=ii.^(1/2);cube_root(ii)=ii.^(1/3);toc; t3=toca4Elapsed time is 0.005697 seconds. t3 =0.0394MATLAB 实验四一、实验目的：1. Learn to write MATLAB functions2. Be familiar with complex data and character data3. Practice 2D plotting二、实验内容：1. Write three Matlab functions to calculate the hyperbolic sine, cosine, and tangent functions:s i n h (),c o s h (),t a n ()22x xx xx xx x e e e e e e h e e-----+-=+then plot the shapes of hyperbolic sine, cosine, and tangent functions on one figure,55x -≤≤.xyxyfunction a=sinh(y) function a=cosh(y) a=(exp(x)-exp(-x))/2 a=(exp(x)+exp(-x))/2end endx=-5:0.1:5;y=sinh(x); x=-5:0.1:5plot(x,y) y =cosh(x);xlabel('x') plot(x,y)ylabel('y') xlabel('x')title('y=sih(x)') ylabel('y')title('y=cos(x)')yxfunction a=tanh(x)a=(exp(x)-exp(-x))/(exp(x)exp(-x))endx=-5:0.1:5;y=tanh(x);plot(x,y)xlabel('x')ylabel('y')title('y=tan(x)')2. Write a program use the function 32()552f x x x x =-+- and plot the line,and search for the minimum and maximum in 200 steps over the range of 13x -≤≤, mark the minimum and maximum on the line figure. x=-1:0.02:3;y=x.^3-5*x.^2+5*x-2; a=max(y) b=min(y)plot(x,y,'r-')[ymax, ind] = max(y); hold on ;plot(x(ind), ymax, 'ko', 'MarkerFaceColor', 'k');text(x(ind), ymax, sprintf('最大值点(%.3f, %.3f)', x(ind), ymax), 'FontWeight', 'Bold'); [ymin, ind] = min(y); hold on ;plot(x(ind), ymin, 'ko', 'MarkerFaceColor', 'k');text(x(ind), ymin, sprintf(' 最小值点(%.3f, %.3f)', x(ind), ymax), 'FontWeight', 'Bold');3. Write a function to calculate the distance between two points 11(,)x y and 22(,)x y , that the pointsshould be given by ‘input ’ function.function distance=dis(x1,y1,x2,y2) distance=((x1-x2)^2+(y1-y2)^2)^0.5 enddisp('Calculate the distance between two points')x1=input('Input the number:');y1=input('Input the number:');x2=input('Input the number:');y2=input('Input the number:');z=dis(x1,y1,x2,y2);fprintf('The distance between two points is %f\n',z)4.Write a function complex_to that accept a complex number var, and returns two outputarguments containing the magnitude mag and angle theta of the complex number. The output angle should be in degreesfunction [mag,theta]=complex_to(var)mag=sqrt(real(var).^2+imag(var).^2)theta=angle(var)*180/piendvar=input('Input a complex mumber:var=')[mag,theta]=complex_to(var).Write another function polar_to_complex that accepts two input arguments containing the magnitude mag and angle theta of the complex number in degrees, and returns the complex number var.function var=polar_to_complex(mag,theta)var=mag.*cos(theta/180*pi)+mag.*sin(theta/180*pi)*iendtheta=input('Input another number:theta=') var=polar_to_complex(mag,theta)5. Write a program that accepts a series of strings from a user with the input function, sortsthe strings into ascending order, and prints them out.a=input('please input a string:','s'); [x,y]=size(a); for i=1:y-1for j=2:y if a(j)<a(j-1) b=a(j);a(j)=a(j-1); a(j-1)=b; end end end a=aMATLAB 实验五一、实验目的：1. Learn to write MATLAB functions2. Be familiar with complex data and character data 6. Practice 2D plotting二、实验内容：1. Write three Matlab functions to calculate the hyperbolic sine, cosine, and tangent functions:s i n h (),c o s h (),t a n ()22x xx xx xx x e e e e e e h e e-----+-=+then plot the shapes of hyperbolic sine, cosine, and tangent functions on one figure,55x -≤≤.2. Write a program use the function 32()552f x x x x =-+- and plot the line,and search for the minimum and maximum in 200 steps over the range of 13x -≤≤, mark the minimum and maximum on the line figure.3. Write a function to calculate the distance between two points 11(,)x y and 22(,)x y , that the pointsshould be given by ‘input ’ function.4. Write a function complex_to that accept a complex number var , and returns two outputarguments containing the magnitude mag and angle theta of the complex number. The output angle should be in degrees.Write another function polar_to_complex that accepts two input arguments containing the magnitude mag and angle theta of the complex number in degrees, and returns the complex number var .5. Write a program that accepts a series of strings from a user with the input function, sorts the strings into ascending order, and prints them out.MATLAB 实验六一、实验目的：1. Practice 2D plotting and 3D plotting2. Learn to use fplot function3. Be familiar with cell arrays and structure arrays二、实验内容：1. Give the 3D plot figure of 0.30.1()sin(3),()cos()t t x t e t y t e t --== use plot3 function,020x ≤≤, and grid on, linewidth is 3.0.t=0:0.01:20;x=exp(-0.3*t).*sin(3*t); y=exp(-0.1*t).*cos(t);plot3(x,y,t,'LineWidth',3.0);title('\bfThree-Dimentional Line Plot'); xlabel('\bfx');ylabel('\bfy'); zlabel('\bftime'); grid on ;Three-Dimentional Line Ploti m e2. Plot the function sin x y e x -=, 02x ≤≤, step 0.1. Create the following plot types: (a) stem plot; x=0:0.1:2;y=exp(-x).*sin(x); stem(x,y);title('sin x y e x -='); xlabel('x'); ylabel('y');y=exp(-x)*sin(x)xy(b) stair plot;y=exp(-x)*sin(x)xyx=0:0.1:2;y=exp(-x).*sin(x); stairs (x,y);title(' y=exp(-x).*sin(x)'); xlabel('x'); ylabel('y'); (c) bar plot; x=0:0.1:2;y=exp(-x).*sin(x); bar(x,y);title(‘y=exp(-x).*sin(x) '); xlabel('x'); ylabel('y');y=exp(-x)*sin(x)xy(d) compass plot. x=0:0.1:2;y=exp(-x).*sin(x); compass(x,y);title(' y=exp(-x).*sin(x)'); xlabel('x'); ylabel('y');3. Plot the function ()f x = over the range 0.110.0x ≤≤ using function fplot, andgrid on.fplot('1/(x.^0.5)',[0.1 10]); title('Plot of 1/(x.^0.5) '); 270y=exp(-x)*sin(x)xyPlot of 1/(x.0.5)4. Create a cell arrays:b=cell(3,3);b(1,1)={[1 4 3;0 5 8;7 2 9]}; b(1,2)={'Anne Smith'};b(1,3)={3+7i};b(2,1)={5-2i};b(2,2)={-3.14};b(2,3)={[]};b(3,1)={3.14};b(3,2)={[]};b(3,3)={5};5. Create a structure arrays and to calculate the mean billing of three patients:>> ='John.Doe';>> patient.billing='127.00';>> patient.test='[79 75 73;180 178 177.5;220 210 205]';>> patient(2).name='Ann Lane'patient =1x2 struct array with fields:namebillingtest>> patient(2).billing='28.8'patient =1x2 struct array with fields:namebillingtest>> patient(2).test='[68 70 68;118 118 119;172 170 169]' patient =1x2 struct array with fields:namebillingtest>> patient(1)ans =name: 'John.Doe'billing: '127.00'test: '[79 75 73;180 178 177.5;220 210 205]' >> patient(2)ans =name: 'Ann Lane'billing: '28.8'test: '[68 70 68;118 118 119;172 170 169]'>> patient(3).name='Al Smith'patient =1x3 struct array with fields:namebillingtest>> patient(3).billing='504.7'patient =1x3 struct array with fields:namebillingtest>> patient(3).test='[80 80 80 ;153 153 154;181 190 182]' patient =1x3 struct array with fields:namebillingtest>> patient(3)ans =name: 'Al Smith'billing: '504.7'test: '[80 80 80 ;153 153 154;181 190 182]'>> mean(patient(1).billing)ans =49.3333>> mean(patient(2).billing)ans =52>> mean(patient(3).billing)ans =50.8000MATLAB实验七一、实验目的：Be familiar with Input/Output functions二、实验内容：1. Write a m-file. The m-file creates an array containing 150random values, sorts the array into ascending order, opens a user-specified file for writing only, then writes thearray to disk in 32-bit floating-point format , and close the file. It then opens the file and read the data back into 510array.a=rand(1,50)b=sort(a)fid=fopen('hh.txt','w');count=fwrite(fid,b,'float32');status=fclose(fid);c=fopen('hh.txt','r');fid1=fread(c,[5,10],'float32')filename=input('Enter file name:','s');out_array=randn(1,50);[fid,msg]=fopen(filename,'w');[x,y]=size(out_array)for i=1:yfor j=1:y-1if out_array(j+1)<out_array(j)b= out_array(j+1);out_array(j+1)=out_array(j);out_array(j)=bendendendif fid>0count=fwrite(fid,out_array,'float32');disp([int2str(count) 'value written...']);status=fclose(fid);elsedisp(msg);end[fid,msg]=fopen(filename,'r');if fid>0[in_array,count]=fread(fid,[50 10],'float32');disp([int2str(count) 'values read...']);status=fclose(fid);elsedisp(msg);end2. Edit a file as data4_4.txt that contains 44square matrix, then import the array use uiimport function, and calculate the inverse of the square matrix .[x,y]=size(data4_4);for i=1:xfor j=1:yb(i,j)=data4_4(j,i)endendb =3 3 6 64 45 55 5 4 46 6 3 33. Write a program to read a set of integers from an input data file, and locate the largest andsmallest values within the data file. Print out the largest and smallest values, together with the lines on which they were found in one figure.MATLAB实验八一、实验目的：1.Be familiar with handle graphics2. Learn about GUI3. Learn to design PID control system with Simulink二、实验内容：1. Second Order System GUI Design% SOSystem_GUI.mset(gcf,'defaultuicontrolunits','normalized');set(gcf,'defaultuicontrolfontsize',12);str=' Second Order System Step response'; set(gcf,'name',str);h_axes=axes('position',[0.05,0.2,0.6,0.7]); set(h_axes,'xlim',[0,15]);str1='ZETA=';t=0:0.1:10;z=0.5;y=step(1,[1 2*z 1],t);hline=plot(t,y);grid on;htext=uicontrol(gcf,'style','text', 'position',[0.67,0.8,0.33,0.1], 'string',[str1,sprintf('%1.4g\',z)]);hslider=uicontrol(gcf,'style','slider','position',[0.67,0.65,0.33,0.1],...'max',1.5,'min',0,'sliderstep',[0.01,0.05], 'Value',0.5);hcheck1=uicontrol(gcf,'style','checkbox','string','MAX Value','position',[0.67,0.50,0.33,0.11]);vchk1=get(hcheck1,'value');hcheck2=uicontrol(gcf,'style','checkbox','string','Raising Time(0->0.95)','position',[0.67,0.35,0.33,0.11]); vchk2=get(hcheck2,'value');set(hslider,'callback',['z=get(gcbo,''value'');','callcheck(htext,str1,z,vchk1,vchk2)']);set(hcheck1,'callback',['vchk1=get(gcbo,''value'');', 'callcheck(htext,str1,z,vchk1,vchk2)']);set(hcheck2,'callback',['vchk2=get(gcbo,''value'');','callcheck(htext,str1,z,vchk1,vchk2)']);% callcheck.mfunction callcheck(htext,str1,z,vchk1,vchk2)cla,set(htext,'string',[str1,sprintf('%1.4g\',z)]);dt=0.1;t=0:dt:15;N=length(t);y=step(1,[1 2*z 1],t);plot(t,y);grid on;if vchk1[ym,km]=max(y);if km<(N-3)k1=km-3;k2=km+3;k12=k1:k2;tt=t(k12);yy=spline(t(k12),y(k12),tt); [yym,kkm]=max(yy);line(tt(kkm),yym,'marker','.','markeredgecolor','r','markersize',20);ystr=['ymax = ',sprintf('%1.4g\',yym)];tstr=['tmax = ',sprintf('%1.4g\',tt(kkm))];text(tt(kkm),1.05*yym,{ystr;tstr})elsetext(10,0.4*y(end),{'ymax --> 1';'tmax --> inf'})endendif vchk2k95=min(find(y>0.95));k952=[(k95-1),k95];t95=interp1(y(k952),t(k952),0.95);line(t95,0.95,'marker','o','markeredgecolor','k','markersize',6);tstr95=['t95 = ',sprintf('%1.4g\',t95)]; text(t95,0.65,tstr95)end。
