(完整)国际经济学考试题库(答案版)

《国际经济学》模拟试题及参考答案（一）一、名词解释（每小题5 分，共20 分）1.要素禀赋2.倾销3.黄金输送点4.三元悖论二、单项选择题：从下列每小题的四个选项中，选出一项正确的，将其标号填在题后的括号内。

（每小题2 分，共20 分）2.根据相互需求原理，两国均衡的交换比例取决于（）A 两国的绝对优势B 两国的比较优势C 两国的相对需求强度D 两国的要素禀赋3.在当今的国际贸易格局中，产业内贸易更容易发生于（）A 发展中国家与发达国家B 发达国家与发达国家C 发展中国家与发展中国家D 发展中国家和最不发达国家4.课征关税会增加生产者剩余，减少消费者剩余，社会总福利的变化将（）A 上升B 降低C 不变D 不确定5.以下选项中，哪个选项不属于国际收支统计中居民的概念？（）A 外国企业B 非盈利机构C 国际经济组织D 政府7.布雷顿森林体系创立了（）A 以英镑为中心的固定汇率制度B 以美元为中心的固定汇率制度C 以英镑为中心的有管理的浮动汇率制度D 以美元为中心的有管理的浮动汇率制度8.在下列投资方式中，属于国际间接投资的是（）A 在国外设立分公司B 在国外设立独资企业C 在国外设立合资企业D 购买国外企业债券9.经济非均衡的无形传导方式不包括（）A 技术转让B 信息交流C 信息回授D 示范效应10.在斯图旺表中第三象限表示（）A 通货膨胀与国际收支顺差并存B 衰退与国际收支顺差并存C 衰退与国际收支逆差并存D 通货膨胀与国际收支逆差并存三、判断正误题：正确的命题在括号里划"√"，错误的命题在括号里划"×"。

（每小题2 分，共20 分）1.亚当。

斯密的绝对利益学说和大卫•李嘉图的比较利益学说都是从劳动生产率差异的角度来解释国际贸易的起因。

（）2.出口的贫困化增长现象是一种普遍存在的现象，几乎所有国家都曾出现过，并且很难避免。

（）3.国际贸易与国内贸易有相同的起因和特征，彼此之间不存在本质上的差别。

一、试述H-O模型的主要内容并予以评价。

1、基本内容:资本丰富的国家在资本密集型产品上相对供给能力较强，劳动丰富的国家则在劳动密集型产品上相对供给能力较强。

根据比较优势原则,一国出口密集使用其丰富要素的产品，进口密集使用其稀缺要素的产品.要素的自然禀赋—要素供给—要素的相对富饶程度—要素相对价格—生产成本差异-商品价格差异—贸易的发生2、评价：贡献：a、从一国经济资源优势解释国际贸易发生的原因；b、从实际优势出发决定贸易模式；c、从贸易对经济的影响分析贸易的作用.局限性：a、禀赋并非贸易发生的充分条件；b、对需求因素未予以充分考虑，影响了理论对实际情况的分析；c、过分强调静态结果，排除技术进步及实际存在的情况，影响了理论的适用性.二、结合货币市场和外汇市场，以美元为本币，请画图美联储增加货币供给后，美元对欧元的汇率将如何变动.外汇指的是以外国货币表示的，为各国普遍接受的，可用于国际间债权债务结算的各种支付手段。

货币政策是指政府或中央银行为影响经济活动所采取的措施，尤指控制货币供给以及调控利率的各项措施。

一国货币供给的增加会使该国货币在外汇市场上贬值。

美国的货币市场决定美元的利率，美元利率则影响维持利率平价的汇率。

所以当美联储增加货币供给后，会导致美元相对欧元的贬值。

但美元供给的变动对长期利率和实际产出没有影三、什么是恶性通货膨胀，可能导致恶性通货膨胀的原因以及应对措施。

恶性通货膨胀又称“超速通货膨胀”，是三位数以上的通货膨胀。

指流通货币量的增长速度大大超过货币流通速度的增长，货币购买力急剧下降，物价水平加速上升，整体物价水平以极高速度快速上涨的现象，使民众对货币价值失去信心.由于货币的流通量增加快速,使货币变得没有价值时，人们会急于要以货币换取实物,人心惶惶的结果只会更加速通货膨胀的恶化，整体经济濒临崩溃边缘。

恶性通货膨胀是一种不能控制的通货膨胀，在物价很快地上涨的情况下，就使货币失去价值.在社会经济发展和运行中，如果某一国家或地区出现了恶性的通货膨胀、剧烈的汇率波动或严重的地区政治冲突,其发行的信用货币（纸币）将存在很大的风险。

国际经济学试题及答案（题库）国际经济学习题集及参考答案一、填空、选择、判断题（每题1分）：第一章：1、国际贸易理论以微观经济学原理为基础，讨论世界范围内的资源配置问题。

2、最常用国际贸易模型的结构形式为两个国家、两种产品（或部门）和两种要素。

3、在完竞争的假设前提下，封闭条件下的相对价格是国际贸易产生的基础。

4、国家间的供给、需求方面的差异是造成相对价格的根源。

5、贸易后，国际均衡价格由两国的供需共同决定，国际均衡价格处于两国封闭下的相对价格之间。

6、国际贸易利益包括两个部分：来自交换的利益和来自专业化的利益。

7、贸易理论主要围绕三个问题展开：国际贸易的格局、国际贸易的条件、国际贸易的收益。

第二章：1、斯密的绝对优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的绝对差别；李嘉图的比较优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的相对差别。

2、哈伯勒首先用机会成本概念来阐明比较优势论。

3、重商主义者提倡的国家经济政策有：限制进口和鼓励出口，采取奖金、退税、协定和殖民地贸易等措施鼓励出口。

4、李嘉图认为在国际贸易中起决定作用的不是绝对成本，而是相对成本。

5、斯密的绝对优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的绝对差别；劳动生产率的比较优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的相对差别。

6、在李嘉图模型中，生产可能性边界线方程是一个线性方程式，表示A、B两国的PPF曲线是一条直线段。

7、重商主义者提倡的国家经济政策有：限制进口和鼓励出口，采取奖金、退税、协定和殖民地贸易等措施鼓励出口。

8、李嘉图认为在国际贸易中起决定作用的不是绝对成本，而是相对成本。

9、机会成本概念表明：彼种选择的机会成本就构成此种选择的机会成本。

选择题：1、首先用机会成本理论来解释比较优势原理的学者是： C、A、李嘉图B、罗布津斯基C、哈伯勒D、穆勒第三章：1、要素禀赋理论最初是由赫克歇尔和俄林提出的，后经萨缪尔森等人加工不断完善。

国际经济学题库及答案
1. 什么是国际经济学？
国际经济学是一门研究跨国经济活动的学科，涉及如何在不同的政治
和文化环境下实现经济繁荣。

2. 国际经济学的内容有哪些？
国际经济学涵盖了货币政策、关税、贸易政策、外汇市场、国际投资、全球财富分配以及国际经济关系等诸多方面。

3. 什么是国际收支平衡？
国际收支平衡是指一国在国际支付中资源输出与货币输入之间达到平
衡的状态。

当该国的出口货币大于进口货币时，该国经济将处于收支
平衡状态。

4. 什么是外汇储备？
外汇储备是指一个国家为避免支付紧急情况而储存的外汇资金，包括
货币、黄金、央行发行的结算凭证及任何其他令外国人满意的财产。

5. 全球财富分配是什么？
全球财富分配是指各国在全球范围内实现财富均衡分配的过程。

它展
示出各国对全球财富储备的拥有比例，以及各国拥有财富经济发展地
位的差异。

国际经济学题库（含参考答案）一、单选题（共50题，每题1分，共50分）1、区域一体化组织中最松散、最低级的形式是（）A、关税同盟B、自由贸易区C、共同市场D、优惠贸易安排正确答案：D2、要素价格均等化表明（）A、一国丰富要素所有者受益，稀缺要素所有者受损B、一国丰富要素所有者受损，稀缺要素所有者受益C、一国丰富要素所有者和稀缺要素所有者都受益D、一国丰富要素所有者和稀缺要素所有者都受益正确答案：A3、下列不属于关税同盟动态效应的是（）A、大市场效应B、加剧竞争C、吸引外资D、贸易创造效应正确答案：D4、如果开放前一国X产品的相对价格低于其贸易伙伴，则贸易后该国（）A、进口 X产品B、生产者福利增加C、整体福利下降D、消费者福利增加正确答案：B5、下列（）会给本国带来较大的贸易创造效应。

A、本国对贸易商品的供给弹性较大B、本国对成员国的初始关税较大C、本国与成员国之间贸易商品的成本差别较大D、本国对贸易商品的需求弹性较小正确答案：D6、初级产品的出口价格若下降，其出口量将增加，出口总收入（）A、不变B、增加C、下降D、不确定正确答案：C7、马歇尔一勒纳条件所要说明的是在供给弹性（）的情况下，本币贬值能够改善贸易收支的进出口需求弹性条件。

A、零B、无穷大C、1D^大于零小于1正确答案：B8、假设中国和美国都能生产小麦和布，中国将一单位劳动时间全部生产布，可以生产50米；全部生产小麦，可以生产80千克；美国将一单位劳动时间全部生产布，可以生产40米；全部生产小麦，可以生产 100千克。

如果开放后的国际交换比价为1米布=L 8千克小麦，则下列说法正确的是（）A、无法比较美国和中国的获利情况B、中国从贸易开放中获利更多C、美国和中国从贸易开放中获利相同D、美国从贸易开放中获利更多正确答案：D9、下列不属于国际收支平衡表资本项目的是（）A、利息收支B、短期信贷C、短期证券买卖D、票据买卖正确答案：A10、消费者剩余是（）A、消费者为了商品的消费而必须向政府支付的东西B、消费者通过低于市场价格的价格而得到的收益C、消费者购买商品所需支付的价格低于其愿意支付的价格而获得的收益D、消费者可以在各种价格水平得到的收益正确答案：C11、外汇市场中的即期交易不包含（）A、套汇B、投机C、国际贸易结算D、银行同业拆借正确答案：B12、如果一个中国工人能生产3匹布或者1辆汽车，一个美国工人能生产4匹布或2辆汽车，则能促进中国与美国进行贸易并各自收益的交换比率是（）A、4匹布换2辆汽车B、3匹布换1辆汽车C、3匹布换2辆汽车D、5匹布换2辆汽车正确答案：D13、国际经济学的研究对象是（）A、国际商品流动B、国际收支平衡C、世界范围内的稀缺资源的最优配置D^国际人员流动正确答案：C14、根据国民收入决定方程Y=C+I+G+X-M,国际收支的吸收分析法中的“吸收”是指（）A、YB、C+IC、C+I+GD、X-M正确答案：C15、开放经济条件下的宏观经济政策目标是（）A、追求贸易顺差B、汇率稳定C、扩大出口D、国际收支平衡正确答案：D16、在进行贸易后，一国的收入分配会发生如下变化，（）A、收入由消费者转向生产者B、受到进口商品竞争压力的国内生产者遭受损失，而出口商品的生产者则会受益C、消费者受损，生产者受益D、作为整体的国家受益，而个人则会受到损失正确答案：B17、商品和服务贸易记录在国际收支平衡表中的（）A、经常项目B、误差和遗漏项目C、官方结算项目D、资本项目正确答案：A18、下列哪个行业最有可能具有内部规模经济？（）A、好莱坞的电影业B、加州硅谷的半导体产业C、美国的大型农场D、北京中关村的电脑城正确答案：C19、采用（）的配额分配方式，配额的福利效果与关税一样。

一、名词解释1、一价定律：一价定律是绝对购买力平价理论成立的前提条件（2分)，指的是任何一种商品在不同国家以同种货币表示时价格都相等。

(2分）。

（指在商品可以自由流动，并可以在各国自由贸易，即不存在贸易壁垒的条件下，如果不考虑运输成本及其时间耗费，则同一种商品在世界各地折合成同一种货币表示的价格应该是一样的.）2、购买力平价:指两种货币之间的汇率（2分)决定于它们单位货币购买力之间的比例(2分）。

3、国际收支：在一定时期内（1分），一国居民与非本国居民（1分）间全部经济交易的(1分）的系统记录(1分)。

4、产品生命周期：产品生命周期是指新产品经历发明（1分）、应用(1分）、推广（1分）到市场饱和、产品衰落（1分），进而被其他产品所替代四个阶段. 产品生命周期理论：由弗农在1966年推出。

这是对技术差距模型的总结与扩展。

根据这一模型，当一种新产品刚刚诞生时，其生产往往需要高素质的劳动力。

当这种产品成熟并广为大众接受时，它就变得标准化了，就可以用大规模生产技术和素质较低的劳动力进行生产了。

因此，对于该产品的比较优势会从最早引入它的发达国家转移到劳动力相对便宜的不发达国家。

这一过程通常都伴随着发明国家向劳动力便宜的国家的直接投资。

5、绝对优势原理：由英国古典经济学家亚当·斯密提出，是指在某种商品的生产上，一个经济在劳动生产率上占有绝对优势，或其生产所耗费的劳动成本绝对低于另一个经济。

(2分）若各个经济都从事自己占绝对优势的产品的生产，继而进行交换,那么双方都可以通过交换得到绝对的利益，从而整个世界也可以获得分工的好处。

（2分）绝对优势说:当一国与另一国相比较,在一种商品的生产上具有绝对优势，而在另一种商品的生产上具有绝对劣势，则该国应当生产并出口其具有绝对优势的产品，并用其换取自己具有绝对劣势的产品，从而从贸易中获利。

亚当·斯密的国际分工学说—绝对优势理论(Theory of obsolute Advantage)：每一个国家都有其适宜于生产的某些特定的产品的绝对有利的生产条件,去进行专业化生产，然后彼此进行交换，则对所有交换国家都是有利的。

国际经济学试卷一、单选题 (每题1分，共20分)1.J曲线效应是指( )。

A.一国的货币升值后,最初只会使国际收支状况进一步恶化,只有经过一段时滞以后,才会使贸易收入增加,并改善国际收支状况B.一国的货币贬值后,最初只会使国际收支状况进一步恶化,只有经过一段时滞以后,才会使贸易支出减少,并改善国际收支状况C.一国的货币贬值后,最初会使国际收支状况进一步改善,但只有经过一段时滞以后,贸易收入减少,并恶化国际收支状况D.一国的货币贬值后,最初只会使国际收支状况进一步恶化,只有经过一段时滞以后,才会使贸易收入增加,并改善国际收支状况2.当一国政府对某种产品征收进口关税时,若该产品的需求弹性大于供给弹性,生产者与消费者承担关税的程度是()。

A.前者大于后者B.后者大于前者C.两者相等D.不确定3.价格比较规范,不容易出现通货膨胀的汇率制度是( )。

A.固定汇率制B.自由汇率制C.管理汇率制D.浮动汇率制4.如果两国商品生产过程中都出现了中性技术进步,则两国的提供曲线( )。

A.都内移B.都外移C.一国内移,一国外移D.一国外移,一国不变5.具有明显政策优势的汇率制度是( )。

A.固定汇率制B.自由汇率制C.管理汇率制D.浮动汇率制6.在一定汇率条件下,一国物价水平普遍上升,导致出口下降、进口增加,国际收支趋于逆差,这种国际收支不平衡,属于( )。

A.周期性不平衡B.结构性不平衡C.收入性不平衡D.价格性不平衡7.根据S-S定理,如果劳动密集型产品的相对价格上升,劳动力的实际报酬将( )。

A.上升B.不变C.下降D.其它选项说法都不准确8.提供曲线,又叫( )。

A.无差异曲线B.贸易无差异曲线C.生产可能性曲线D.相互需求曲线9.目前,中国加入的地区经济一体化组织是( )。

A.北美自由贸易区B.中日——东盟自由贸易区C.IMFD.WTO10.居民在国外投资收益的汇回应该记入( )。

A.经常账户B.错误和遗漏账户C.资本和金融账户D.官方储备账户11.斯旺模型的原理说明当经济处于通货膨胀和国际收支顺差时,应采取的政策是( )。

国际经济学测试题1答案一、单项选择（1’×10=10’）1.D2.C3.B4.A5.C6.C7.B8.D9.D 10.A二、多项选择（将答案填在下面的表格内，1’×10=10’）1. ABCD2. ABCDE3.ABD4.ABCDE5.ABDE6.ABD7.BCE8.ABE9.ABCD 10.ABD三、判断分析（分析不正确本题不得分。

2’×10=20’）1. 正确2. 错误。

跟大国比较接近。

3. 错误。

小国可以完全分工。

4. 正确5. 错误。

前者增加，后者下降。

6. 错误。

介于零关税和禁止性关税之间7. 错误。

国际生产折中理论8. 正确9. 错误。

动态效应更大更重要10. 正确四、名词解释（3’×4=12’）1．特定要素：只能被用来生产某些特定产品、不能在部门间自由流动的生产要素。

2．最优货币区：是指成员国相互之间的货币实行自由兑换，汇率保持长期固定不变，而对非成员国货币的汇率则实行联合浮动，通过商品和服务贸易以及要素的流动使多国经济紧密地联系在一起的地区。

3．出口替代战略：出口替代发展战略也是实现出口替代工业化的过程。

它是指一国将经济发展重点放在出口工业上，通过扩大出口本国工业制成品和半制成品来代替传统的初级产品出口，以增加外汇收入，带动工业体系的建立和推动整个国民经济的持续发展。

4．需求管理政策: 需求管理政策是通过改变国内总需求来校正国际收支失衡，它是以吸收理论为基础提出的，所以又称支出变化政策，主要政策工具包括财政政策和货币政策。

五、比较分析题（要求借助图形，每题9’，共18’）1. 比较小国利用关税和利用进口替代补贴进行贸易保护的不同效果。

征收关税之后，该国的总福利水平下降了：消费者剩余损失了(a+b+c+d)，其中a被生产者所得，c为政府财政收入所得，但尚有b和d的损失，国内没有任何人能得到相应的补偿。

这是由于关税使本国的生产资源从效率较高的部门转移到了效率较低的部门，即一国的生产资源向没有比较优势的进口竞争部门集中，因此造成了国民福利净损失。

国际经济学试题及答案一、选择题1. 国际经济学研究的核心问题是什么？A. 国内经济政策B. 国际贸易与投资C. 国际货币体系D. 国际政治关系答案：B2. 根据比较优势理论，一个国家应该专门生产并出口什么？A. 其资源最丰富的商品B. 其生产成本最低的商品C. 其技术最先进的商品D. 其劳动力成本最低的商品答案：B3. 以下哪项不是贸易保护主义的措施？A. 关税B. 配额C. 出口补贴D. 进口许可证答案：C二、简答题1. 简述绝对优势理论的基本内容。

答案：绝对优势理论由亚当·斯密提出，主张一个国家应该生产并出口其生产效率最高的商品，进口其生产效率最低的商品。

该理论认为，即使一个国家在所有商品的生产上都没有绝对优势，它仍然可以通过专业化生产效率相对较高的商品来获得贸易利益。

2. 什么是国际收支平衡表？答案：国际收支平衡表是一个记录一个国家与其他国家之间所有经济交易的统计报表。

它包括经常账户、资本和金融账户以及官方储备账户。

经常账户记录商品和服务的交易，资本和金融账户记录资本流动和金融资产的交易，官方储备账户记录中央银行的外汇储备变动。

三、论述题1. 论述汇率变动对国际贸易的影响。

答案：汇率变动对国际贸易有重要影响。

当一个国家的货币升值时，其出口商品在国际市场上的价格上升，竞争力下降，导致出口减少；同时，进口商品的价格下降，国内消费者更倾向于购买外国商品，导致进口增加。

相反，当一个国家的货币贬值时，其出口商品的价格下降，竞争力增强，促进出口；进口商品的价格上升，抑制进口。

此外，汇率变动还会影响跨国公司的投资决策，因为投资成本和收益会随着汇率变动而变化。

2. 分析全球化对发展中国家的影响。

答案：全球化为发展中国家带来了机遇和挑战。

机遇方面，全球化促进了资本、技术和信息的流动，为发展中国家提供了更多的市场机会和投资机会，有助于提高生产效率和经济增长。

挑战方面，全球化加剧了国际竞争，对发展中国家的产业和就业产生压力，可能导致收入差距扩大。

国际经济学考试试题完美版,含答案.全国2007年4⽉⾼等教育⾃学考试国际经济学试题课程代码00140⼀、单项选择题25⼩题1分25分在每⼩题列出的四个备选项中只有⼀个是符合题⽬要求的错选、多选或未选均⽆分。

1.从⼗五世纪初到⼗⼋世纪中叶AA.重商主义B.重农主义C.重⾦主义D.货币主义2.采取进⼝替代战略的国家不倾向使⽤的政策是DA.对进⼝关税设置壁垒B.对⾮关税设置障碍C.对外汇实⾏管制D.对本国货币低估对外价值3.相对技术差异论的提出者是BA.斯密B.李嘉图C.奥林D.赫克歇尔4.关税与贸易总协定进⾏了多轮多边贸易谈判CA.⽇内⽡回合B.东京回合C.乌拉圭回合D.安纳西回合5.世界贸易组织成⽴于CC.1995年D.1996年6.⼀般⽽⾔不属于外汇市场主要参与者的是DA.商业银⾏B.中央银⾏C.外贸公司D.居民个⼈7.国际收⽀平衡表中最重要的收⽀差额是DA.官⽅结算差额B.商品贸易差额C.基本收⽀差额D.经常项⽬差额8.国际收⽀调整的重要基础理论是CA.调整论B.货币论C.弹性论D.平衡论9.从总体上看产品的需求弹性的绝对值将AA.⼤于1B.⼩于1C.等于1D.不确定10.在开放经济条件下c=0.6s=0.3考虑政府的财政收⼊部分CA.10/9B.5/3C.5/211.下列属于⾮关税壁垒的措施是DA.反倾销税B.反补贴税C.进⼝附加税D.国内最低限价12.最佳关税来源于BA.进⼝国⼚商B.出⼝国⼚商C.第三国出⼝⼚商D.第三国进⼝⼚商13.20世纪90年代东南亚⾦融危机爆发的最直接原因是AA.泰国宣布放弃盯住汇率制度B.韩国财团破产C.⾹港股市⼤跌D.⽇本经济⼤幅下滑14.特别提款权实质上是⼀种DA.货币B.基⾦C.债权D.记帐单位15.国际收⼊调整的货币理论中的价格—铸币流动机制提出者是CA.亚当·斯密B.保罗·克鲁格曼C.⼤卫·休谟D.彼得·凯恩16.在⽐较利益模型中CA.在两国贸易前的国内⽐价线之上C.在两国贸易前的国内⽐价线之间D.与两国贸易前的国内⽐价线相同17.⼀A.出⼝⽅式B.直接投资⽅式C.发放许可证⽅式D.间接投资⽅式18.巴格⽡蒂等经济学家提出对希望移居外国的本国居民征收⼀部分税费AA.可使移民的移出国获得某种补偿B.可补偿移出国的商品出⼝C.可补偿本国劳动⼒收⼊D.可补偿公共设施的不⾜19.重叠需求贸易理论从需求的⾓度对产业内贸易加以概括和解释出了重要贡献。

国际经济学习题集及参考答案一、填空、选择、判断题（每题1分）：第一章：1、国际贸易理论以微观经济学原理为基础，讨论世界范围内的资源配置问题。

2、最常用国际贸易模型的结构形式为两个国家、两种产品（或部门）和两种要素。

3、在完竞争的假设前提下，封闭条件下的相对价格是国际贸易产生的基础。

4、国家间的供给、需求方面的差异是造成相对价格的根源。

5、贸易后，国际均衡价格由两国的供需共同决定，国际均衡价格处于两国封闭下的相对价格之间。

6、国际贸易利益包括两个部分：来自交换的利益和来自专业化的利益。

7、贸易理论主要围绕三个问题展开：国际贸易的格局、国际贸易的条件、国际贸易的收益。

第二章：1、斯密的绝对优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的绝对差别；李嘉图的比较优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的相对差别。

2、哈伯勒首先用机会成本概念来阐明比较优势论。

3、重商主义者提倡的国家经济政策有：限制进口和鼓励出口，采取奖金、退税、协定和殖民地贸易等措施鼓励出口。

4、李嘉图认为在国际贸易中起决定作用的不是绝对成本，而是相对成本。

5、斯密的绝对优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的绝对差别；劳动生产率的比较优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的相对差别。

6、在李嘉图模型中，生产可能性边界线方程是一个线性方程式，表示A、B两国的PPF曲线是一条直线段。

7、重商主义者提倡的国家经济政策有：限制进口和鼓励出口，采取奖金、退税、协定和殖民地贸易等措施鼓励出口。

8、李嘉图认为在国际贸易中起决定作用的不是绝对成本，而是相对成本。

9、机会成本概念表明：彼种选择的机会成本就构成此种选择的机会成本。

选择题：1、首先用机会成本理论来解释比较优势原理的学者是： C、A、李嘉图B、罗布津斯基C、哈伯勒D、穆勒第三章：1、要素禀赋理论最初是由赫克歇尔和俄林提出的，后经萨缪尔森等人加工不断完善。

2、要素禀赋理论由H-O定理、要素价格均等化定理和罗伯津斯基定理、斯托伯-萨缪尔森定理等构成3、要素价格均等化理论指出国际贸易通过商品价格的均等化会导致要素价格的均等化，从而在世界范围实现资源的最佳配置。

（完整版）国际经济学英⽂题库（最全版附答案）【国际经济学】英⽂题库Chapter 1: IntroductionMultiple-Choice Questions1. Which of the following products are not produced at all in the United States?*A. Coffee, tea, cocoaB. steel, copper, aluminumC. petroleum, coal, natural gasD. typewriters, computers, airplanes2. International trade is most important to the standard of living of:A. the United States*B. SwitzerlandC. GermanyD. England3. Over time, the economic interdependence of nations has:*A. grownB. diminishedC. remained unchangedD. cannot say4. A rough measure of the degree of economic interdependence of a nation is given by:A. the size of the nations' populationB. the percentage of its population to its GDP*C. the percentage of a nation's imports and exports to its GDPD. all of the above5. Economic interdependence is greater for:*A. small nationsB. large nationsC. developed nationsD. developing nations6. The gravity model of international trade predicts that trade between two nations is largerA. the larger the two nationsB. the closer the nationsC. the more open are the two nations*D. all of the above7. International economics deals with:A. the flow of goods, services, and payments among nationsB. policies directed at regulating the flow of goods, services, and paymentsC. the effects of policies on the welfare of the nation*D. all of the above8. International trade theory refers to:*A. the microeconomic aspects of international tradeB. the macroeconomic aspects of international tradeC. open economy macroeconomics or international financeD. all of the above9. Which of the following is not the subject matter of international finance?A. foreign exchange marketsB. the balance of payments*C. the basis and the gains from tradeD. policies to adjust balance of payments disequilibria10. Economic theory:A. seeks to explain economic eventsB. seeks to predict economic eventsC. abstracts from the many detail that surrounds an economic event*D. all of the above11. Which of the following is not an assumption generally made in the study of inter national economics?A. two nationsB. two commodities*C. perfect international mobility of factorsD. two factors of production12. In the study of international economics:A. international trade policies are examined before the bases for tradeB. adjustment policies are discussed before the balance of paymentsC. the case of many nations is discussed before the two-nations case*D. none of the above13. International trade is similar to interregional trade in that both must overcome: *A. distance and spaceB. trade restrictionsC. differences in currenciesD. differences in monetary systems14. The opening or expansion of international trade usually affects all members of so ciety:A. positivelyB. negatively*C. most positively but some negativelyD. most negatively but some positively15. An increase in the dollar price of a foreign currency usually:A. benefit U.S. importers*B. benefits U.S. exportersC. benefit both U.S. importers and U.S. exportersD. harms both U.S. importers and U.S. exporters16. Which of the following statements with regard to international economics is true?A. It is a relatively new field*B. it is a relatively old fieldC. most of its contributors were not economistsD. none of the above思考题：1.为什么学习国际经济学⾮常重要？2.列举体现当前国际经济学问题的⼀些重要事件，它们为什么重要？3.当今世界⾯临的最重要的国家经济问题是什么？全球化的利弊各是什么？Chapter 2: The Law of Comparative AdvantageMultiple-Choice Questions1. The Mercantilists did not advocate:*A.free tradeB. stimulating the nation's exportsC. restricting the nations' importsD. the accumulation of gold by the nation2. According to Adam Smith, international trade was based on:*A. absolute advantageB. comparative advantageC. both absolute and comparative advantageD. neither absolute nor comparative advantage3. What proportion of international trade is based on absolute advantage?A. AllB. most*C. someD. none4. The commodity in which the nation has the smallest absolute disadvantage is the commodity of its:A. absolute disadvantageB. absolute advantageC. comparative disadvantage*D. comparative advantage5. If in a two-nation (A and B), two-commodity (X and Y) world, it is established tha t nation A has a comparative advantage in commodity X, then nation B must have:A. an absolute advantage in commodity YB. an absolute disadvantage in commodity YC. a comparative disadvantage in commodity Y*D. a comparative advantage in commodity Y6. If with one hour of labor time nation A can produce either 3X or 3Y while nationB can produce either 1X or 3Y (and labor is the only input):A. nation A has a comparative disadvantage in commodity XB. nation B has a comparative disadvantage in commodity Y*C. nation A has a comparative advantage in commodity XD. nation A has a comparative advantage in neither commodity7. With reference to the statement in Question 6:A. Px/Py=1 in nation AB. Px/Py=3 in nation BC. Py/Px=1/3 in nation B*D. all of the above8. With reference to the statement in Question 6, if 3X is exchanged for 3Y:A. nation A gains 2X*B. nation B gains 6YC. nation A gains 3YD. nation B gains 3Y9. With reference to the statement of Question 6, the range of mutually beneficial tra de between nation A and B is:A. 3Y < 3X < 5YB. 5Y < 3X < 9Y*C. 3Y < 3X < 9YD. 1Y < 3X < 3Y10. If domestically 3X=3Y in nation A, while 1X=1Y domestically in nation B:A. there will be no trade between the two nationsB. the relative price of X is the same in both nationsC. the relative price of Y is the same in both nations*D. all of the above11. Ricardo explained the law of comparative advantage on the basis of:*A. the labor theory of valueB. the opportunity cost theoryC. the law of diminishing returnsD. all of the above12. Which of the following statements is true?A. The combined demand for each commodity by the two nations is negatively slope dB. the combined supply for each commodity by the two nations is rising stepwiseC. the equilibrium relative commodity price for each commodity with trade is giv en by the intersection of the demand and supply of each commodity by the two nati ons*D. all of the above13. A difference in relative commodity prices between two nations can be based upo n a difference in:A. factor endowmentsB. technologyC. tastes*D. all of the above14. In the trade between a small and a large nation:A. the large nation is likely to receive all of the gains from trade*B. the small nation is likely to receive all of the gains from tradeC. the gains from trade are likely to be equally sharedD. we cannot say15. The Ricardian trade model has been empirically*A. verifiedB. rejectedC. not testedD. tested but the results were inconclusive思考题：⽐较优势原理所带来的贸易所得是从何⽽来的？贸易利益⼜是如何分配的？现实世界中⽐较优势是如何度量的？你认为⽬前中国具有⽐较优势的商品有哪些？这意味着什么？⽐较优势会不会发⽣变化？什么样的原因可能会导致其变化？经济学家是如何验证⽐较优势原理的？Chapter 3: The Standard Theory of International TradeMultiple-Choice Questions1. A production frontier that is concave from the origin indicates that the nation incur s increasing opportunity costs in the production of:A. commodity X onlyB. commodity Y only*C. both commoditiesD. neither commodity2. The marginal rate of transformation (MRT) of X for Y refers to:A. the amount of Y that a nation must give up to produce each additional unit of XB. the opportunity cost of XC. the absolute slope of the production frontier at the point of production*D. all of the above3. Which of the following is not a reason for increasing opportunity costs:*A. technology differs among nationsB. factors of production are not homogeneousC. factors of production are not used in the same fixed proportion in the production of all commoditiesD. for the nation to produce more of a commodity, it must use resources that are le ss and less suited in the production of the commodity4. Community indifference curves:A. are negatively slopedB. are convex to the originC. should not cross*D. all of the above5. The marginal rate of substitution (MRS) of X for Y in consumption refers to the:A. amount of X that a nation must give up for one extra unit of Y and still remain o n the same indifference curve*B. amount of Y that a nation must give up for one extra unit of X and still remain on the same indifference curveC. amount of X that a nation must give up for one extra unit of Y to reach a higher indifference curveD. amount of Y that a nation must give up for one extra unit of X to reach a higher indifference curve6. Which of the following statements is true with respect to the MRS of X for Y?A. It is given by the absolute slope of the indifference curveB. declines as the nation moves down an indifference curveC. rises as the nation moves up an indifference curve*D. all of the above7. Which of the following statements about community indifference curves is true?A. They are entirely unrelated to individuals' community indifference curvesB. they cross, they cannot be used in the analysis*C. the problems arising from intersecting community indifference curves can be over come by the application of the compensation principleD. all of the above.8. Which of the following is not true for a nation that is in equilibrium in isolation? *A. It consumes inside its production frontierB. it reaches the highest indifference curve possible with its production frontierC. the indifference curve is tangent to the nation's production frontierD. MRT of X for Y equals MRS of X for Y, and they are equal to Px/Py9. If the internal Px/Py is lower in nation 1 than in nation 2 without trade:A. nation 1 has a comparative advantage in commodity YB. nation 2 has a comparative advantage in commodity X*C. nation 2 has a comparative advantage in commodity YD. none of the above10. Nation 1's share of the gains from trade will be greater:A. the greater is nation 1's demand for nation 2's exports*B. the closer Px/Py with trade settles to nation 2's pretrade Px/PyC. the weaker is nation 2's demand for nation 1's exportsD. the closer Px/Py with trade settles to nation 1's pretrade Px/Py11. If Px/Py exceeds the equilibrium relative Px/Py with tradeA. the nation exporting commodity X will want to export more of X than at equilibr iumB. the nation importing commodity X will want to import less of X than at equilibri umC. Px/Py will fall toward the equilibrium Px/Py*D. all of the above12. With free trade under increasing costs:A. neither nation will specialize completely in productionB. at least one nation will consume above its production frontierC. a small nation will always gain from trade*D. all of the above13. Which of the following statements is false?A.The gains from trade can be broken down into the gains from exchange and the gains from specializationB. gains from exchange result even without specialization*C. gains from specialization result even without exchangeD. none of the above14. The gains from exchange with respect to the gains from specialization are alway s:A. greaterB. smallerC. equal*D. we cannot say without additional information15. Mutually beneficial trade cannot occur if production frontiers are:A. equal but tastes are notB. different but tastes are the sameC. different and tastes are also different*D. the same and tastes are also the same.思考题：国际贸易的标准理论与⼤卫.李嘉图的⽐较优势原理有何异同？两国仅仅由于需求偏好不同可以进⾏市场分⼯和狐狸贸易吗？两国仅仅由于要素禀赋不同和/或⽣产技术不同可以进⾏分⼯和贸易吗?Chapter 4: Demand and Supply, Offer Curves, and the Terms of TradeMultiple Choice Questions1. Which of the following statements is correct?A. The demand for imports is given by the excess demand for the commodityB. the supply of exports is given by the excess supply of the commodityC. the supply curve of exports is flatter than the total supply curve of the commodity *D. all of the above2. At a relative commodity price above equilibriumA. the excess demand for a commodity exceeds the excess supply of the commodityB. the quantity demanded of imports exceeds the quantity supplied of exports*C. the commodity price will fallD. all of the above3. The offer curve of a nation shows:A. the supply of a nation's importsB. the demand for a nation's exportsC. the trade partner's demand for imports and supply of exports*D. the nation's demand for imports and supply of exports4. The offer curve of a nation bulges toward the axis measuring the nationsA. import commodity*B. export commodityC. export or import commodityD. nontraded commodity5. Export prices must rise for a nation to increase its exports because the nation:A. incurs increasing opportunity costs in export productionB. faces decreasing opportunity costs in producing import substitutesC. faces decreasing marginal rate of substitution in consumption*D. all of the above6. Which of the following statements regarding partial equilibrium analysis is false?A. It relies on traditional demand and supply curvesB. it isolates for study one market*C. it can be used to determine the equilibrium relative commodity price but not the equilibrium quantity with tradeD. none of the above7. Which of the following statements regarding partial equilibrium analysis is true?A. The demand and supply curve are derived from the nation's production frontier an d indifference mapB. It shows the same basic information as offer curvesC. It shows the same equilibrium relative commodity prices as with offer curves*D. all of the above8. In what way does partial equilibrium analysis differ from general equilibrium analy sis?A. The former but not the latter can be used to determine the equilibrium price withtradeB. the former but not the latter can be used to determine the equilibrium quantity with tradeC. the former but not the latter takes into consideration the interaction among all ma rkets in the economy*D. the former gives only an approximation to the answer sought.9. If the terms of trade of a nation are 1.5 in a two-nation world, those of the trade partner are:A. 3/4*B. 2/3C. 3/2D. 4/310. If the terms of trade increase in a two-nation world, those of the trade partner: *A. deteriorateB. improveC. remain unchangedD. any of the above11. If a nation does not affect world prices by its trading, its offer curve:A. is a straight lineB. bulges toward the axis measuring the import commodity*C. intersects the straight-line segment of the world's offer curveD. intersects the positively-sloped portion of the world's offer curve12. If the nation's tastes for its import commodity increases:A. the nation's offer curve rotates toward the axis measuring its import commodityB. the partner's offer curve rotates toward the axis measuring its import commodit yC. the partner's offer curve rotates toward the axis measuring its export commodity *D. the nation's offer curve rotates toward the axis measuring its export commodity13. If the nation's tastes for its import commodity increases:A. the nation's terms of trade remain unchanged*B. the nation's terms of trade deteriorateC. the partner's terms of trade deteriorateD. any of the above14. If the tastes for a nation import commodity increases, trade volume:*A. increasesB. declinesC. remains unchangedD. any of the above15. A deterioration of a nation's terms of trade causes the nation's welfare to:A. deteriorateB. improveC. remain unchanged*D. any of the above思考题：提供曲线如何推导？有何⽤途？两国贸易时的均衡商品价格是如何决定的？受哪些因素影响？贸易条件的含义是？贸易条件的改善意味着什么？哪些因素可能导致贸易条件的改善？Chapter 5: Factor Endowments and the Heckscher-Ohlin TheoryMultiple-Choice Questions1. The H-O model extends the classical trade model by:A. explaining the basis for comparative advantageB. examining the effect of trade on factor prices*C. both A and BD. neither A nor B2. Which is not an assumption of the H-O model:A. the same technology in both nationsB. constant returns to scale*C. complete specializationD. equal tastes in both nations3. With equal technology nations will have equal K/L in production if:*A. factor prices are the sameB. tastes are the sameC. production functions are the sameD. all of the above4. We say that commodity Y is K-intensive with respect to X when:A. more K is used in the production of Y than XB. less L is used in the production of Y than X*C. a lower L/K ratio is used in the production of Y than XD. a higher K/L is used in the production of X than Y5. When w/r falls, L/KA. falls in the production of both commodities*B. rises in the production of both commoditiesC. can rise or fallD. is not affected6. A nation is said to have a relative abundance of K if it has a:A. greater absolute amount of KB. smaller absolute amount of LC. higher L/K ratio*D. lower r/w7. A difference in relative commodity prices between nations can be based on a diffe rence in:A. technologyB. factor endowmentsC. tastes*D. all of the above8. In the H-O model, international trade is based mostly on a difference in:A. technology*B. factor endowmentsC. economies of scaleD. tastes9. According to the H-O model, trade reduces international differences in:A. relative but not absolute factor pricesB. absolute but not relative factor prices*C. both relative and absolute factor pricesD. neither relative nor absolute factor prices10. According to the H-O model, international trade will:A. reduce international differences in per capita incomesB. increases international differences in per capita incomes*C. may increase or reduce international differences in per capita incomes D. lead to complete specialization11. The H-O model is a general equilibrium model because it deals with:A. production in both nationsB. consumption in both nationsC. trade between the two nations*D. all of the above12. The H-O model is a simplification of the a truly general equilibrium model because it deals with:A. two nationsB. two commoditiesC. two factors of production*D. all of the above13. The Leontief paradox refers to the empirical finding that U.S.*A. import substitutes are more K-intensive than exportsB. imports are more K-intensive than exportsC. exports are more L-intensive than importsD. exports are more K-intensive than import substitutes14. From empirical studies, we conclude that the H-O theory:A. must be rejectedB. must be accepted without reservations*C. can be accepted while awaiting further testingD. explains all international trade15. For factor reversal to occur, two commodities must be produced with:*A. sufficiently different elasticity of substitution of factorsB. the same K/L ratioC. technologically-fixed factor proportionsD. equal elasticity of substitution of factors思考题：H-O理论有哪些假设？各假设的含义是什么？为什么要做出这些假设？如何检验H-O理论的正确性？H-O-S定理的假设条件⼜是什么？他与⽣产要素国际间的流动有何关系？如何检验H-O-S定理在现实中的可靠性？Chapter 6: Economies of Scale, Imperfect Competition, and International T radeMultiple-Choice Questions:1. Relaxing the assumptions on which the Heckscher-Ohlin theory rests:A. leads to rejection of the theoryB. leaves the theory unaffected*C. requires complementary trade theoriesD. any of the above.Which of the following assumptions of the Heckscher-Ohlin theory, when relaxed, leav ethe theory unaffected?A. Two nations, two commodities, and two factorsB. both nations use the same technologyC. the same commodity is L-intensive in both nations*D. all of the aboveWhich of the following assumptions of the Heckscher-Ohlin theory, when relaxed, require new trade theories? *A. Economies of scaleB. incomplete specializationC. similar tastes in both nationsD. the existence of transportation costsInternational trade can be based on economies of scale even if both nations have ide ntical:A. factor endowmentsB. tastesC. technology*D. all of the above5. A great deal of international trade:A. is intra-industry tradeB. involves differentiated productsC. is based on monopolistic competition。

国际经济学测试题1一、单项选择（1’×10=10’）1．重商主义者认为国际贸易（）。

A．是一种双赢行为 B. 对其中的强国有利C．对其中的弱国有利 D. 是一种零和行为2．斯密的绝对优势理论假定增加某种产品的生产所放弃的另一种产品生产的代价是（）。

A．递增的 B. 递减的C. 不变的D. 不确定的3．如果说一国的资本要素比较丰裕，就意味着（）。

A. 该国的资本要素总量较多B. 该国的W/R的值较大C. 该国的K/L的值较小D. 该国的生产中较多使用技术4．根据特定要素模型，国际贸易的受损者为（）。

A. 进口竞争部门的特定要素所有者B. 进口竞争部门的流动要素所有者C. 出口部门的特定要素所有者D. 出口部门的流动要素所有者5．根据产品生命周期理论，发明国的新产品出口（）。

A. 在产品问世的时候即已开始B. 贯穿整个生命周期C. 是一个先增加然后逐渐减少的过程D. 以上三者都正确6. 在局部均衡分析中，与小国相比，大国征收关税的主要不同在于（）。

A. 保护效应更明显B. 消费效应更明显C. 能够改善贸易条件D. 对政府税收没有影响7．如果一国在征收进口税时，对最终产品征收的关税低于中间产品，则可以使关税的实际保护效果（）。

A. 增大B. 变小C. 没有影响D. 无法判断8．购买力平价理论的基础是（）。

A. 粘性价格的存在B. 货币数量理论C. 马歇尔－勒纳条件D. 一价定律9．根据吸收分析法，贬值一定会（）。

A. 导致国内总收入的增加B. 改善国际收支C. 促使国内货币供求重新平衡D. 上述说法都不对10. 根据斯旺图示，用来调节外部均衡的手段是（）。

A. 支出转换政策B. 支出调整政策C. 本国的货币政策D. 本国的财政政策二、多项选择（1’×10=10’）1. 能够解释二战以后国际贸易流向新格局的理论包括（）。

A．规模经济理论 B. 产业内贸易理论C．产品差异化理论 D. 需求偏好相似理论E．要素禀赋理论2. 对里昂惕夫之谜进行解释的学说包括（）。

国际经济学试题与答案国际经济学试题与答案一、多项选择（共10分，每小题2分）1、关于国际贸易对收入分配的影响，描述正确的有（）A、出口将提高出口部门特定要素（或专门要素）所有者的收入B、出口将降低进口替代部门特定要素所有者的收入C、进口将提高进口替代部门特定要素所有者的收入D、出口导致共同使用的生产要素（可自由流动的生产要素）的报酬提高E、进口导致共同使用的生产要素（可自由流动的生产要素）的报酬降低2、我国的国际收支平衡表中，下列描述正确的是（）A、储备资产的增加记入国际收支平衡表的借方，减少记入贷方B、商品出口记入经常项目贷方，进口记入借方C、我国对外直接投资汇出的资本金记入我国对外直接投资项目的借方D、负债项目中，贷方表示负债增加，借方表示负债减少。

E、本国对外资产的增加，记入资产项目中的贷方，对外资产的减少记入借方3、贫困化（悲惨增长）增长必须具备的条件是（）A、经济增长是偏向于进口部门的B、经济增长是偏向于出口部门的C、增长国的边际进口倾向较大D、增长国在世界市场上是一个大国E、增长国的出口产品在世界市场上的需求弹性非常低4、下列描述正确的有（）A、企业海外扩张战略一般是按照对外发放许可证、出口和直接投资的顺序实现B、一国企业拥有的所有权优势越多，其内部化动机越强A—7—1C、本国的区位优势越明显，本国对外直接投资的动机就越强D、降低无形资产交易成本的最好方法不是发放许可证，而是直接投资E、企业特有优势与国家特有优势紧密相联5、下列关于关税同盟的说法正确的有（）A、关税同盟成立前后，成员国的贸易方向可能会发生转移B、关税同盟具有歧视性和排他性，有可能导致新的垄断C、原产地规则是关税同盟成员国经常采用的一项规则D、关税同盟的建立促进了成员国之间的竞争，有利于技术进步和经济效率的提高E、关税同盟有助于市场扩大，从而有利于规模经济的形成二、单项选择（共30分，每小题1分）1、国际经济学的研究对象是（）A、商品和要素在国际间的流动B、汇率决定C、国际收支平衡D、世界范围内的稀缺资源配置2、下列一体化程度最低和最高的两种一体化形式分别是（）A、自由贸易区和完全的经济一体化B、关税同盟和完全的经济一体化C、关税同盟和共同市场D、自由贸易区和经济联盟3、下列不属于贸易保护学说的理论是（）A、幼稚产业学说C、最佳关税学说B、资源禀赋学说D、抽取垄断租金论4、下列不属于关税同盟的动态效果的是（）A、市场扩大或规模经济效果B、贸易创造和贸易转移效果C、吸引外部投资D、促进成员国企业竞争5、关于倾销的说法正确的有（）A、持续性倾销是出口商以低于其本国国内价格甚至是低于其生产成本的价格长期向国外销售其产品的行为A—7—2B、掠夺性倾销是出口商以低于其本国国内价格甚至是低于其生产成本的价格向国外销售其产品的暂时性行为C、倾销不利于进口国相关产品的消费者D、倾销不利于出口国相关产品的生产者6、下列说法正确的有（）A、出口补贴对出口国的生产者不利，对进口国的消费者不利B、出口补贴对出口国的生产者有利，对出口国的消费者也有利C、出口补贴对进口国的生产者不利，对进口国的消费者也不利D、出口补贴对出口国的生产者有利，对进口国的消费者有利7、在产品生命周期的初始阶段，该产品一般属于（）A、资本密集型产品B、劳动密集型产品C、技术密集型产品D、资源密集型产品8、下列那个因素不会导致国际贸易（）A、两国需求状况相同时，要素禀赋的相对差异B、两国需求状况相同时，要素禀赋无相对差异差异，但有绝对差异C、供给状况相同时，需求状况的差异D、其他条件相同时，两国生产率的相对差异9、关于国际贸易中的国际交换比价和国际贸易利益，下列说法不正确的有（）A、只要国际交换比价处在开放前两国国内交换比价之间，则国际贸易就可能进行B、只要国际交换比价处在开放前两国国内交换比价之间，则国际贸易对两个国家都有好处C、只要国际交换比价处在开放前两国国内交换比价之间，则国际贸易给两个国家带来的好处就相等D、只要国际交换比价处在开放前两国国内交换比价之间，则国际贸易就可增加世界总福利10、根据要素禀赋理论中的有关定理，下列论述不正确的有（）A、进口关税将提高进口竞争商品密集使用的生产要素的实际报酬B、进口关税将降低出口部门密集使用的生产要素的实际报酬C、商品的出口将提高出口部门密集使用的生产要素的实际报酬D、商品的进口将提高进口竞争商品密集使用的生产要素的实际报酬A—7—311、根据要素价格均等化原理，下列那个不是要素价格均等化的真正原因（）A、商品价格未实现均等化B、关税、非关税壁垒等障碍C、运输成本的存在D、要素在国家之间的流动受到限制12、根据罗伯津斯基（雷布任斯基）定理，下列那个推论是正确的（）A、偏向出口部门的增长将改善本国的贸易条件B、偏向进口部门的增长将恶化本国的贸易条件C、偏向进口部门的增长将降低本国的福利D、偏向出口部门的增长在一定条件下可能会降低本国的净福利13、关于汇率，下列表述正确的是（）A、汇率上升，则本币贬值B、汇率下降，则本币贬值C、直接标价法下，汇率上升，则本币升值D、间接标价法下，汇率上升，则本币升值14、在供给弹性无穷大的情况下，马歇尔和勒纳认为，通过本币贬值改善贸易收支，必须具备的条件是什么？其中，ηx,ηm分别是出口和进口需求弹性（）A、|ηx-ηm |<1B、|ηx+ηm |>1C、|ηx+ηm |<1D、|ηx-ηm |>115、给定边际消费倾向为4／5，边际进口倾向为1／10，则外贸乘数为（）A、10／2B、10／19C、10／9D、10／1716、假定某国关税前单位棉布的市场价格为10元，其中间投入品棉纱的市场价格为6元，若该国对棉布征收进口关税税率为20％，对棉纱的关税税为40％，则该国对棉布的实际保护率为（）A、10％B、－10％C、90％D、－90％17、根据国际收支调整的货币分析方法，下列表述正确的是（）（1）在货币需求不变的情况下，国内信贷减少，则国际收支会出现顺差（2）在货币需求不变的情况下，国内信贷减少，则国际收支会出现逆差（3）在货币需求不变的情况下，国内信贷扩张，则国际收支会出现顺差（4）在货币需求不变的情况下，国内信贷扩张，则国际收支会出现逆差A—7—4A、1和4都正确B、2和3都正确C、只有1正确D、只有2正确18、关于利率平价，下列表述正确的有（）A、国内利率高于国外利率引起的套利活动将导致本币贬值B、国内利率高于国外利率则人们会预期本币会升值C、抛补利率平价条件意味着，远期汇率等于预期未来的即期汇率D、利率平价是“一价定律”在商品市场（可贸易品）发挥作用的结果19、关于购买力平价，下列表述正确的是（）A、PPP学说是一价定律在某个具体商品上的体现B、若一定时期内外国的通货膨胀率高于本国，则以间接标价法表示的汇率上升C、金铸币本位制下，汇率的波动范围的下限是金平价加上黄金运送成本D、一价定律的前提条件是不完全竞争的市场机制20、当一国国际收支为顺差时，外汇市场上本币的供求关系为（）A、供大于求B、供小于求C、供求相等D、无法判断21、由于国际市场上制成品价格大幅度上升，初级产品价格增长缓慢导致的发展中国家贸易条件恶化和国际收支不平衡，属于（）A、周期性不平衡B、结构性不平衡C、收入性不平衡D、价格性不平衡22、下列不属于金铸币本位制的基本特征的有（）A、以金币为本位币B、金币自由铸造C、黄金自由输入和输出D、发行纸币23、根据蒙代尔提出的“分配法则”，外部平衡应该采取什么政策来实现（）A、货币政策B、财政政策C、产业政策D、国别政策24、固定汇率制下，某国出现了高失业和国际收支逆差并存的情况，则应该采用（）A、紧缩性的财政政策与扩张性的货币政策B、紧缩性的财政政策与紧缩性的货币政策C、扩张性的财政政策与紧缩性的货币政策D、扩张性的财政政策与扩张性的货币政策A—7—525、布雷顿森林体系是以（）为中心的国际货币体系。

国际经济学答案《国际贸易理论》作业题专业班级任课教师2012年下学期作业一一、单项选择题1.国际经济学在研究资源配置时，作为划分界限的基本经济单位是（）。

A.企业B.个人C.政府？D.国家2.国际经济学理论体系发展阶段不包括（）。

A.重商主义B.古典的自由贸易理论C.现代国际经济理论D.重农主义3.微观经济学研究的是单个社会的资源配置问题，而国际贸易理论研究的是（）。

A.—国的资源配置问题B.两国范围内的资源配置问题C.地区范围内的资源配置问题D.世界范围内的资源配置问题4.从国际经济资源流动的难度看，最容易流动的要素是（）。

A.商品B.资本C.人员D.技术5.一个国家（）,能够在其生产可能性边界线之外的点上进行消费。

A.没有任何时候B.在充分就业的情况下C.同其他国家进行贸易时D.所有生产要素全部投入生产的时候6.在封闭条件下，如果一国生产技术的改进降低了小麦的机会成本，那么面粉的价格（），小麦的生产数量（）°A.下降，下降B.上升，减少C.下降，增加D.上升，增加7.本国生产&、b、c、d四种产品的单位劳动投入分别为1、2、4、15,外国生产这四种产品的单位劳动投入分别为12、18、24、30,根据李嘉图模型，本国在哪种产品上拥有最大比较优势在哪种产品上拥有最大比较劣势（）。

A.d、aB. c、bC.&、dD. b、c8.如果机会成本递增，则国际贸易将导致（）。

A•每个国家不完全专业化，而且出口的生产成本不变B.每个国家完全专业化，而且生产成本下降C.每个国家不完全专业化，而且出口产品的机会成本下降D.每个国家不完全专业化，而且出口产品的机会成本上升9.对于两国贸易模型来说，国际均衡价格一定处于两国贸易前的（）。

A.最低相对价格水平之下B.最高相对价格水平之上C.相对价格水平之间D.根据具体情况而定10.重商主义认为衡量国家财富的标准应是（）。

A.商品B.生产力C.金银D.购买力二、多项选择题L在进行自由贸易后，一国的收入分配会发生如下变化（）。

国际经济学试题及答案国际经济学试题一. 单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分)在每小题列出的四个选项中只有一个选项是符合题目要求的，请将正确选项前的字母填在题后的括号内。

1、从十五世纪初到十八世纪中叶，在国际贸易和国际投资理论方面占主导地位的是( A )A、重商主义B、重农主义C、重金主义D、自由放任主义2、绝对技术差异论的提出者是( A )A、斯密B、李嘉图C、奥林D、魁奈3、消费者对差异产品的追求与现代化大生产追求规模经济相互矛盾，其解决途径是( D )A、国际投资B、国际技术转让C、国际融资D、国际贸易4、世界贸易组织的基本目标是( C )A、贸易适度保护B、关税稳定C、贸易自由化D、贸易公平5、以下几种外币资产中，不是外汇的是( C )A、美元B、英镑C、港元D、越南盾6、在发展中国家利用外资的主要渠道中，不需要偿还的引资方式是( D )A、官方贷款B、发行债券C、银行贷款D、外商直接投资7、在下列投资方式中，属于国际直接投资的是（D）A.购买外国政府债券B.购买外国企业债券C.向外国企业提供商业贷款D.在国外开设合资企业8、赫克歇尔一俄林模型认为国际贸易的根本原因是（A）A.各国生产要素禀赋不同B.各国劳动生产率不同C.各国技术水平不同以D.各国产品技术含量不同9、属于非关税壁垒的措施是（D）A.反倾销税B.反补贴税C.进口附加税D.国内最低限价10、在比较利益模型中，两种参与贸易商品的国际比价( C)A.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之上B.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之下C.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之间D.与贸易前的任何一个国家的国内比价相同11、比较利益理论认为国际贸易的驱动力是(A )A.劳动生产率的差异B.技术水平的差异C.产品品质的差异D.价格的差异12、在绝对技术差异理论与相对技术差异理论中，机会成本是(D )A.递增B.递减C.先递增后递减D.不变13、不能解释产业内贸易现象的理论有(B )A.重叠需求理论B.要素比例理论B.规模经济理论 D.垄断竞争理论14、能反映规模经济理论本意的是(B )A.规模报酬递减B.规模报酬递增C.规模报酬不变D.规模成本递增15、下列不属于保护贸易学说的理论有(D )A.幼稚工业理论B.夕阳工业理论C.国防论D.资源禀赋论16、最佳关税水平应等于(B )A.零进口关税B.零进口关税与禁止性关税之间的水平C.禁止性关税D.禁止性关税以上17、下述哪一种不属于投机性外汇交易(D )A.双边套汇B.多边套汇C.套利D.套期保值18、下述几种货币中，哪一种是实行联合浮动的货币( D)A.英镑B.日元C.美元D.人民币19、劳动力在各国间的流动通常会使劳动力流入国( A)A.财政总收入增加，公共设施利用率提高B.财政总收入增加，公共设施利用率下降C.财政总收入减少，公共设施利用率提高D.财政总收入减少，公共设施利用率下降20、下述哪一种属于国际收支的事后项目(D )A.进出口B.利息收支C.直接投资D.特别提款权变动二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分)在每小题列出的五个选项中有二至五个选项是符合题目要求的，请将正确选项前的字母填在题后的括号内。

国际经济学课程考试题（含答案）⼀、简述题1、简述技术差距模型和产品周期理论。

（⼀）技术差距模型技术差距模型由波斯纳（Posner）于1961年在《国际贸易和技术变化》⼀⽂中提出。

波斯纳认为技术差距是国家间开展贸易的⼀个重要原因，⼀国的技术优势使其在获得出⼝市场⽅⾯占有优势，当⼀国创新某种产品成功后，在国外掌握该项技术之前产⽣了技术领先差距，因此可出⼝技术领先产品。

但因新技术会随着专利权转让、技术合作、对外投资、国际贸易等途径流传到国外，当⼀国创新的技术为外国模仿时，外国即可⾃⾏⽣产⽽减少进⼝，创新国渐渐失去该产品的出⼝市场，因技术差距产⽣的国际贸易逐渐压缩。

随着时间的推移，新技术最终将被技术模仿国掌握，使技术差距消失。

贸易即持续到技术模仿国能够⽣产出满⾜其对该产品的全部需求的时候。

由于技术差距产⽣的贸易格局是：技术创新的发达国家出⼝创新产品，进⼝传统产品；落后国家进⼝创新产品，出⼝传统产品。

（⼆）弗农的产品⽣命周期理论1966 年哈佛⼤学教授雷蒙德弗农（Raymand Vernon，1966）在《产品周期中的国际贸易和国际投资》⼀⽂中提出了产品⽣命周期理论，⽽后威尔⼠（Wells）⼜进⾏了扩展，具体⽽深刻地论证了“技术决定国际贸易格局”的观点。

弗农把国家依次分成创新国（⼀般为最发达国家）、次发达国家、发展中国家。

把产品⽣命周期分为三个阶段，即新产品阶段，成熟产品阶段和标准化产品阶段。

在新产品阶段，创新国利⽤其拥有的垄断技术优势，开发新产品，由于产品尚未完全成型，技术上未加完善，加之竞争者少，国内市场就能满⾜其摄取⾼额利润的要求等，产品极少出⼝到其他国家，绝⼤部分产品都在国内销售。

⽽在成熟产品阶段，由于创新国技术垄断和市场垄断地位的打破，竞争者增加，市场竞争激烈，替代产品增多，产品的附加值不断降低，企业越来越重视产品成本的下降，拥有较低的成本的企业开始处于越来越有利的地位，且创新国和次发达国家市场开始出现饱和，为降低成本，抑制国内外竞争者，企业纷纷到发展中国家投资建⼚。

期末考试复习题（答案供参考）一、单项选择：1．国际分工与国际贸易之间的关系是AA．国际分工是国际贸易的基础。

B．国际贸易是国际分工的基础。

C．两者是平行关系。

D．两者是交叉关系。

2．国际分工形成和发展的基础是CA．资本流动。

B．社会生产力。

C．自然条件。

D．生产关系。

3．俄林认为区域贸易或国际贸易产生的直接原因是CA．生产要素在各国间自由流动。

B．不同商品之间实行自由贸易。

C．各个地区间商品的价格差别。

D．不同国家货币比价不同形成。

4．商品的国际市场价格围绕国际生产价格上下波动，是由于国际市场的哪一项因素决定的CA．国际价值。

B．垄断价格。

C．供求关系。

D．交换关系。

5．从需求方面考察关税同盟的静态效果，称为CA．贸易转移效果。

B．贸易创造效果。

C．贸易扩大效果。

D．贸易再造效果。

6．按照“要素比例说”，俄林认为要实现国际分工的利益最好是执行AA．自由贸易政策。

B．保护幼稚工业贸易政策。

C．超保护贸易政策。

D．有限保护贸易政策。

7．各国经济发展阶段不同，应采取的贸易政策也应不同，提出这种观点的主要人物是BA．汉密尔顿。

B．李斯特。

C．凯恩斯。

D．亚当·斯密。

8．李斯特贸易保护主义的主要特点是BA．保护成熟的垄断工业。

B．保护幼稚工业。

C．保持贸易顺差。

D．保护新兴工业。

9．从15世纪初到18世纪中叶，在国际贸易理论方面占主导地位的是AA．重商主义。

B．重农主义。

C．重金主义。

D．重本抑末。

10．重商主义追求的目的就是在国内积累货币财富，在对外贸易上采取的政策是AA．保护贸易政策。

B．自由贸易政策。

C．超保护贸易政策。

D．有限贸易保护政策。

11．世界贸易组织的总部设在CA．纽约。

B．布鲁塞尔。

C．日内瓦。

D．伦敦。

12．在WTO《农业协议》中，对那些对生产和贸易产生扭曲作用的国内支持政策，称为下列哪项政策，并需要减让承诺C A．绿箱政策。

B．蓝箱政策。

C．黄箱政策。

D．灰箱政策。

13．在《补贴与反补贴措施协议》中，禁止性补贴又称为A A．红灯补贴。

【国际经济学】英文题库Chapter 1: IntroductionMultiple-Choice Questions1. Which of the following products are not produced at all in the United States?*A. Coffee, tea, cocoaB. steel, copper, aluminumC. petroleum, coal, natural gasD. typewriters, computers, airplanes2. International trade is most important to the standard of living of:A. the United States*B. SwitzerlandC. GermanyD. England3. Over time, the economic interdependence of nations has:*A. grownB. diminishedC. remained unchangedD. cannot say4. A rough measure of the degree of economic interdependence of a nation is give n by:A. the size of the nations' populationB. the percentage of its population to its GDP*C. the percentage of a nation's imports and exports to its GDPD. all of the above5. Economic interdependence is greater for:*A. small nationsB. large nationsC. developed nationsD. developing nations6. The gravity model of international trade predicts that trade between two nations is largerA. the larger the two nationsB. the closer the nationsC. the more open are the two nations*D. all of the above7. International economics deals with:A. the flow of goods, services, and payments among nationsB. policies directed at regulating the flow of goods, services, and paymentsC. the effects of policies on the welfare of the nation*D. all of the above8. International trade theory refers to:*A. the microeconomic aspects of international tradeB. the macroeconomic aspects of international tradeC. open economy macroeconomics or international financeD. all of the above9. Which of the following is not the subject matter of international finance?A. foreign exchange marketsB. the balance of payments*C. the basis and the gains from tradeD. policies to adjust balance of payments disequilibria10. Economic theory:A. seeks to explain economic eventsB. seeks to predict economic eventsC. abstracts from the many detail that surrounds an economic event*D. all of the above11. Which of the following is not an assumption generally made in the study of int ernational economics?A. two nationsB. two commodities*C. perfect international mobility of factorsD. two factors of production12. In the study of international economics:A. international trade policies are examined before the bases for tradeB. adjustment policies are discussed before the balance of paymentsC. the case of many nations is discussed before the two-nations case*D. none of the above13. International trade is similar to interregional trade in that both must overcome: *A. distance and spaceB. trade restrictionsC. differences in currenciesD. differences in monetary systems14. The opening or expansion of international trade usually affects all members of s ociety:A. positivelyB. negatively*C. most positively but some negativelyD. most negatively but some positively15. An increase in the dollar price of a foreign currency usually:A. benefit U.S. importers*B. benefits U.S. exportersC. benefit both U.S. importers and U.S. exportersD. harms both U.S. importers and U.S. exporters16. Which of the following statements with regard to international economics is true?A. It is a relatively new field*B. it is a relatively old fieldC. most of its contributors were not economistsD. none of the above思考题：1.为什么学习国际经济学非常重要？2.列举体现当前国际经济学问题的一些重要事件，它们为什么重要？3.当今世界面临的最重要的国家经济问题是什么？全球化的利弊各是什么？Chapter 2: The Law of Comparative AdvantageMultiple-Choice Questions1. The Mercantilists did not advocate:*A.free tradeB. stimulating the nation's exportsC. restricting the nations' importsD. the accumulation of gold by the nation2. According to Adam Smith, international trade was based on:*A. absolute advantageB. comparative advantageC. both absolute and comparative advantageD. neither absolute nor comparative advantage3. What proportion of international trade is based on absolute advantage?A. AllB. most*C. someD. none4. The commodity in which the nation has the smallest absolute disadvantage is the commodity of its:A. absolute disadvantageB. absolute advantageC. comparative disadvantage*D. comparative advantage5. If in a two-nation (A and B), two-commodity (X and Y) world, it is established t hat nation A has a comparative advantage in commodity X, then nation B must hav e:A. an absolute advantage in commodity YB. an absolute disadvantage in commodity YC. a comparative disadvantage in commodity Y*D. a comparative advantage in commodity Y6. If with one hour of labor time nation A can produce either 3X or 3Y while natio n B can produce either 1X or 3Y (and labor is the only input):A. nation A has a comparative disadvantage in commodity XB. nation B has a comparative disadvantage in commodity Y*C. nation A has a comparative advantage in commodity XD. nation A has a comparative advantage in neither commodity7. With reference to the statement in Question 6:A. Px/Py=1 in nation AB. Px/Py=3 in nation BC. Py/Px=1/3 in nation B*D. all of the above8. With reference to the statement in Question 6, if 3X is exchanged for 3Y:A. nation A gains 2X*B. nation B gains 6YC. nation A gains 3YD. nation B gains 3Y9. With reference to the statement of Question 6, the range of mutually beneficial t rade between nation A and B is:A. 3Y < 3X < 5YB. 5Y < 3X < 9Y*C. 3Y < 3X < 9YD. 1Y < 3X < 3Y10. If domestically 3X=3Y in nation A, while 1X=1Y domestically in nation B:A. there will be no trade between the two nationsB. the relative price of X is the same in both nationsC. the relative price of Y is the same in both nations*D. all of the above11. Ricardo explained the law of comparative advantage on the basis of:*A. the labor theory of valueB. the opportunity cost theoryC. the law of diminishing returnsD. all of the above12. Which of the following statements is true?A. The combined demand for each commodity by the two nations is negatively slop edB. the combined supply for each commodity by the two nations is rising stepwiseC. the equilibrium relative commodity price for each commodity with trade is gi ven by the intersection of the demand and supply of each commodity by the two n ations*D. all of the above13. A difference in relative commodity prices between two nations can be based up on a difference in:A. factor endowmentsB. technologyC. tastes*D. all of the above14. In the trade between a small and a large nation:A. the large nation is likely to receive all of the gains from trade*B. the small nation is likely to receive all of the gains from tradeC. the gains from trade are likely to be equally sharedD. we cannot say15. The Ricardian trade model has been empirically*A. verifiedB. rejectedC. not testedD. tested but the results were inconclusive思考题：比较优势原理所带来的贸易所得是从何而来的？贸易利益又是如何分配的？现实世界中比较优势是如何度量的？你认为目前中国具有比较优势的商品有哪些？这意味着什么？比较优势会不会发生变化？什么样的原因可能会导致其变化？经济学家是如何验证比较优势原理的？Chapter 3: The Standard Theory of International TradeMultiple-Choice Questions1. A production frontier that is concave from the origin indicates that the nation inc urs increasing opportunity costs in the production of:A. commodity X onlyB. commodity Y only*C. both commoditiesD. neither commodity2. The marginal rate of transformation (MRT) of X for Y refers to:A. the amount of Y that a nation must give up to produce each additional unit of XB. the opportunity cost of XC. the absolute slope of the production frontier at the point of production*D. all of the above3. Which of the following is not a reason for increasing opportunity costs:*A. technology differs among nationsB. factors of production are not homogeneousC. factors of production are not used in the same fixed proportion in the production of all commoditiesD. for the nation to produce more of a commodity, it must use resources that are l ess and less suited in the production of the commodity4. Community indifference curves:A. are negatively slopedB. are convex to the originC. should not cross*D. all of the above5. The marginal rate of substitution (MRS) of X for Y in consumption refers to the:A. amount of X that a nation must give up for one extra unit of Y and still remain on the same indifference curve*B. amount of Y that a nation must give up for one extra unit of X and still remai n on the same indifference curveC. amount of X that a nation must give up for one extra unit of Y to reach a high er indifference curveD. amount of Y that a nation must give up for one extra unit of X to reach a high er indifference curve6. Which of the following statements is true with respect to the MRS of X for Y?A. It is given by the absolute slope of the indifference curveB. declines as the nation moves down an indifference curveC. rises as the nation moves up an indifference curve*D. all of the above7. Which of the following statements about community indifference curves is true?A. They are entirely unrelated to individuals' community indifference curvesB. they cross, they cannot be used in the analysis*C. the problems arising from intersecting community indifference curves can be ov ercome by the application of the compensation principleD. all of the above.8. Which of the following is not true for a nation that is in equilibrium in isolation? *A. It consumes inside its production frontierB. it reaches the highest indifference curve possible with its production frontierC. the indifference curve is tangent to the nation's production frontierD. MRT of X for Y equals MRS of X for Y, and they are equal to Px/Py9. If the internal Px/Py is lower in nation 1 than in nation 2 without trade:A. nation 1 has a comparative advantage in commodity YB. nation 2 has a comparative advantage in commodity X*C. nation 2 has a comparative advantage in commodity YD. none of the above10. Nation 1's share of the gains from trade will be greater:A. the greater is nation 1's demand for nation 2's exports*B. the closer Px/Py with trade settles to nation 2's pretrade Px/PyC. the weaker is nation 2's demand for nation 1's exportsD. the closer Px/Py with trade settles to nation 1's pretrade Px/Py11. If Px/Py exceeds the equilibrium relative Px/Py with tradeA. the nation exporting commodity X will want to export more of X than at equili briumB. the nation importing commodity X will want to import less of X than at equili briumC. Px/Py will fall toward the equilibrium Px/Py*D. all of the above12. With free trade under increasing costs:A. neither nation will specialize completely in productionB. at least one nation will consume above its production frontierC. a small nation will always gain from trade*D. all of the above13. Which of the following statements is false?A.The gains from trade can be broken down into the gains from exchange and the gains from specializationB. gains from exchange result even without specialization*C. gains from specialization result even without exchangeD. none of the above14. The gains from exchange with respect to the gains from specialization are alwa ys:A. greaterB. smallerC. equal*D. we cannot say without additional information15. Mutually beneficial trade cannot occur if production frontiers are:A. equal but tastes are notB. different but tastes are the sameC. different and tastes are also different*D. the same and tastes are also the same.思考题：国际贸易的标准理论与大卫.李嘉图的比较优势原理有何异同？两国仅仅由于需求偏好不同可以进行市场分工和狐狸贸易吗？两国仅仅由于要素禀赋不同和/或生产技术不同可以进行分工和贸易吗?Chapter 4: Demand and Supply, Offer Curves, and the Terms of TradeMultiple Choice Questions1. Which of the following statements is correct?A. The demand for imports is given by the excess demand for the commodityB. the supply of exports is given by the excess supply of the commodityC. the supply curve of exports is flatter than the total supply curve of the commodi ty*D. all of the above2. At a relative commodity price above equilibriumA. the excess demand for a commodity exceeds the excess supply of the commodit yB. the quantity demanded of imports exceeds the quantity supplied of exports*C. the commodity price will fallD. all of the above3. The offer curve of a nation shows:A. the supply of a nation's importsB. the demand for a nation's exportsC. the trade partner's demand for imports and supply of exports*D. the nation's demand for imports and supply of exports4. The offer curve of a nation bulges toward the axis measuring the nationsA. import commodity*B. export commodityC. export or import commodityD. nontraded commodity5. Export prices must rise for a nation to increase its exports because the nation:A. incurs increasing opportunity costs in export productionB. faces decreasing opportunity costs in producing import substitutesC. faces decreasing marginal rate of substitution in consumption*D. all of the above6. Which of the following statements regarding partial equilibrium analysis is false?A. It relies on traditional demand and supply curvesB. it isolates for study one market*C. it can be used to determine the equilibrium relative commodity price but not th e equilibrium quantity with tradeD. none of the above7. Which of the following statements regarding partial equilibrium analysis is true?A. The demand and supply curve are derived from the nation's production frontier a nd indifference mapB. It shows the same basic information as offer curvesC. It shows the same equilibrium relative commodity prices as with offer curves*D. all of the above8. In what way does partial equilibrium analysis differ from general equilibrium anal ysis?A. The former but not the latter can be used to determine the equilibrium price wit h tradeB. the former but not the latter can be used to determine the equilibrium quantity with tradeC. the former but not the latter takes into consideration the interaction among all markets in the economy*D. the former gives only an approximation to the answer sought.9. If the terms of trade of a nation are 1.5 in a two-nation world, those of the tra de partner are:A. 3/4*B. 2/3C. 3/2D. 4/310. If the terms of trade increase in a two-nation world, those of the trade partner: *A. deteriorateB. improveC. remain unchangedD. any of the above11. If a nation does not affect world prices by its trading, its offer curve:A. is a straight lineB. bulges toward the axis measuring the import commodity*C. intersects the straight-line segment of the world's offer curveD. intersects the positively-sloped portion of the world's offer curve12. If the nation's tastes for its import commodity increases:A. the nation's offer curve rotates toward the axis measuring its import commodityB. the partner's offer curve rotates toward the axis measuring its import commodityC. the partner's offer curve rotates toward the axis measuring its export commodity *D. the nation's offer curve rotates toward the axis measuring its export commodity13. If the nation's tastes for its import commodity increases:A. the nation's terms of trade remain unchanged*B. the nation's terms of trade deteriorateC. the partner's terms of trade deteriorateD. any of the above14. If the tastes for a nation import commodity increases, trade volume:*A. increasesB. declinesC. remains unchangedD. any of the above15. A deterioration of a nation's terms of trade causes the nation's welfare to:A. deteriorateB. improveC. remain unchanged*D. any of the above思考题：提供曲线如何推导？有何用途？两国贸易时的均衡商品价格是如何决定的？受哪些因素影响？贸易条件的含义是？贸易条件的改善意味着什么？哪些因素可能导致贸易条件的改善？Chapter 5: Factor Endowments and the Heckscher-Ohlin TheoryMultiple-Choice Questions1. The H-O model extends the classical trade model by:A. explaining the basis for comparative advantageB. examining the effect of trade on factor prices*C. both A and BD. neither A nor B2. Which is not an assumption of the H-O model:A. the same technology in both nationsB. constant returns to scale*C. complete specializationD. equal tastes in both nations3. With equal technology nations will have equal K/L in production if:*A. factor prices are the sameB. tastes are the sameC. production functions are the sameD. all of the above4. We say that commodity Y is K-intensive with respect to X when:A. more K is used in the production of Y than XB. less L is used in the production of Y than X*C. a lower L/K ratio is used in the production of Y than XD. a higher K/L is used in the production of X than Y5. When w/r falls, L/KA. falls in the production of both commodities*B. rises in the production of both commoditiesC. can rise or fallD. is not affected6. A nation is said to have a relative abundance of K if it has a:A. greater absolute amount of KB. smaller absolute amount of LC. higher L/K ratio*D. lower r/w7. A difference in relative commodity prices between nations can be based on a dif ference in:A. technologyB. factor endowmentsC. tastes*D. all of the above8. In the H-O model, international trade is based mostly on a difference in:A. technology*B. factor endowmentsC. economies of scaleD. tastes9. According to the H-O model, trade reduces international differences in:A. relative but not absolute factor pricesB. absolute but not relative factor prices*C. both relative and absolute factor pricesD. neither relative nor absolute factor prices10. According to the H-O model, international trade will:A. reduce international differences in per capita incomesB. increases international differences in per capita incomes*C. may increase or reduce international differences in per capita incomes D. lead to complete specialization11. The H-O model is a general equilibrium model because it deals with:A. production in both nationsB. consumption in both nationsC. trade between the two nations*D. all of the above12. The H-O model is a simplification of the a truly general equilibrium model because it deals with:A. two nationsB. two commoditiesC. two factors of production*D. all of the above13. The Leontief paradox refers to the empirical finding that U.S.*A. import substitutes are more K-intensive than exportsB. imports are more K-intensive than exportsC. exports are more L-intensive than importsD. exports are more K-intensive than import substitutes14. From empirical studies, we conclude that the H-O theory:A. must be rejectedB. must be accepted without reservations*C. can be accepted while awaiting further testingD. explains all international trade15. For factor reversal to occur, two commodities must be produced with:*A. sufficiently different elasticity of substitution of factorsB. the same K/L ratioC. technologically-fixed factor proportionsD. equal elasticity of substitution of factors思考题：H-O理论有哪些假设？各假设的含义是什么？为什么要做出这些假设？如何检验H-O理论的正确性？H-O-S定理的假设条件又是什么？他与生产要素国际间的流动有何关系？如何检验H-O-S定理在现实中的可靠性？Chapter 6: Economies of Scale, Imperfect Competition, and International T radeMultiple-Choice Questions:1. Relaxing the assumptions on which the Heckscher-Ohlin theory rests:A. leads to rejection of the theoryB. leaves the theory unaffected*C. requires complementary trade theoriesD. any of the above.Which of the following assumptions of the Heckscher-Ohlin theory, when relaxed, le avethe theory unaffected?A. Two nations, two commodities, and two factorsB. both nations use the same technologyC. the same commodity is L-intensive in both nations*D. all of the aboveWhich of the following assumptions of the Heckscher-Ohlin theory, when relaxed, require new trade theories?*A. Economies of scaleB. incomplete specializationC. similar tastes in both nationsD. the existence of transportation costsInternational trade can be based on economies of scale even if both nations have i dentical:A. factor endowmentsB. tastesC. technology*D. all of the above5. A great deal of international trade:A. is intra-industry tradeB. involves differentiated productsC. is based on monopolistic competition*D. all of the above6. The Heckscher-Ohlin and new trade theories explains most of the trade:A. among industrial countriesB. between developed and developing countriesC. in industrial goods*D. all of the aboveThe theory that a nation exports those products for which a large domestic market existswas advanced by:*A. LinderB. VernonC. LeontiefD. Ohlin8. Intra-industry trade takes place:A. because products are homogeneous*B. in order to take advantage of economies of scaleC. because perfect competition is the prevalent form of market organizationD. all of the aboveIf a nation exports twice as much of a differentiated product that it imports, its intr a-industry (T) index is equal to:A. 1.00B. 0.75*C. 0.50D. 0.2510. Trade based on technological gaps is closely related to:A. the H-O theory*B. the product-cycle theoryC. Linder's theoryD. all of the above11. Which of the following statements is true with regard to the product-cycle theor y?A. It depends on differences in technological changes over time among countriesB. it depends on the opening and the closing of technological gaps among countriesC. it postulates that industrial countries export more advanced products to less adva nced countries*D. all of the above12. Transport costs:A. increase the price in the importing countryB. reduces the price in the exporting country*C. both of the aboveD. neither A nor B.13. Transport costs can be analyzed:A. with demand and supply curvesB. production frontiersC. offer curves*D. all of the above14. The share of transport costs will fall less heavily on the nation:*A. with the more elastic demand and supply of the traded commodityB. with the less elastic demand and supply of the traded commodityC. exporting agricultural productsD. with the largest domestic market15. A footloose industry is one in which the product:A. gains weight in processingB. loses weight in processingC. both of the above*D. neither A nor B.思考题：本章的贸易理论与基于比较优势的贸易理论有哪些不同？这两类贸易理论是互相排斥的吗H-O理论与心贸易理论之间有什么经验关联？运输成本对H-O定理和H-O-S定理有何影响不同的环保标准时如何影响产业选址及国际贸易的？2009年底联合国哥本哈根气候大会中的议题与国际贸易有何关系？这对我国经贸发展有何影响？Chapter 7: Economic Growth and International TradeMultiple-Choice Questions1. Dynamic factors in trade theory refer to changes in:A. factor endowmentsB. technologyC. tastes*D. all of the above2. Doubling the amount of L and K under constant returns to scale:A. doubles the output of the L-intensive commodityB. doubles the output of the K-intensive commodityC. leaves the shape of the production frontier unchanged*D. all of the above.3. Doubling only the amount of L available under constant returns to scale:A. less than doubles the output of the L-intensive commodity*B. more than doubles the output of the L-intensive commodityC. doubles the output of the K-intensive commodityD. leaves the output of the K-intensive commodity unchanged4. The Rybczynski theorem postulates that doubling L at constant relative commodit y prices:A. doubles the output of the L-intensive commodity*B. reduces the output of the K-intensive commodityC. increases the output of both commoditiesD. any of the above5. Doubling L is likely to:A. increases the relative price of the L-intensive commodityB. reduces the relative price of the K-intensive commodity*C. reduces the relative price of the L-intensive commodityD. any of the aboveTechnical progress that increases the productivity of L proportionately more than the productivity of K is called:*A. capital savingB. labor savingC. neutralD. any of the above7. A 50 percent productivity increase in the production of commodity Y:A. increases the output of commodity Y by 50 percentB. does not affect the output of XC. shifts the production frontier in the Y direction only*D. any of the above8. Doubling L with trade in a small L-abundant nation:*A. reduces the nation's social welfareB. reduces the nation's terms of tradeC. reduces the volume of tradeD. all of the above9. Doubling L with trade in a large L-abundant nation:A. reduces the nation's social welfareB. reduces the nation's terms of tradeC. reduces the volume of trade*D. all of the aboveIf, at unchanged terms of trade, a nation wants to trade more after growth, then t henation's terms of trade can be expected to:*A. deteriorateB. improveC. remain unchangedD. any of the aboveA proportionately greater increase in the nation's supply of labor than of capital is l ikelyto result in a deterioration in the nation's terms of trade if the nation exports: A. the K-intensive commodity*B. the L-intensive commodityC. either commodityD. both commodities12. Technical progress in the nation's export commodity:*A. may reduce the nation's welfareB. will reduce the nation's welfareC. will increase the nation's welfareD. leaves the nation's welfare unchanged13. Doubling K with trade in a large L-abundant nation:A. increases the nation's welfareB. improves the nation's terms of tradeC. reduces the volume of trade*D. all of the above14. An increase in tastes for the import commodity in both nations:A. reduces the volume of trade*B. increases the volume of tradeC. leaves the volume of trade unchangedD. any of the above15. An increase in tastes of the import commodity of Nation A and export in B: *A. will reduce the terms of trade of Nation AB. will increase the terms of trade of Nation AC. will reduce the terms of trade of Nation BD. any of the above思考题：要素积累和技术进步如何影响一国的生产可能性曲线的形状和位置？何种类型的经济增长最可恩能够导致国家福利的下降？那种类型的经济增长最可能导致国家福利的改善？Chapter 8: Trade Restrictions: TariffsMultiple-choice Questions1. Which of the following statements is incorrect?A. An ad valorem tariff is expressed as a percentage of the value of the traded co mmodityB. A specific tariff is expressed as a fixed sum of the value of the traded commodit y.C. Export tariffs are prohibited by the U.S. Constitution*D. The U.S. uses exclusively the specific tariff2. A small nation is one:A. which does not affect world price by its tradingB. which faces an infinitely elastic world supply curve for its import commodityC. whose consumers will pay a price that exceeds the world price by the amount o f the tariff*D. all of the above3. If a small nation increases the tariff on its import commodity, its:A. consumption of the commodity increasesB. production of the commodity decreasesC. imports of the commodity increase*D. none of the aboveThe increase in producer surplus when a small nation imposes a tariff is measured by the area:*A. to the left of the supply curve between the commodity price with and without t he tariffB. under the supply curve between the quantity produced with and without the tarif f。

国际经济学试题及答案⼀、单项选择题1.从国际经济资源流动的难度看，最容易流动的要素是（A）A.商品B.资本C.⼈员D.技术2.在⽐较利益模型中，两种参与贸易商品的国际⽐价（C）A.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内⽐价之上B.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内⽐价之下C.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内⽐价之间D.与贸易前的任何⼀个国家的国内⽐价相同3.⽐较利益理论认为国际贸易的驱动⼒是（A）A.劳动⽣产率的差异B.技术⽔平的差异C.产品品质的差异D.价格的差异4.在绝对技术差异理论与相对技术差异理论中，机会成本是（D）A.递增B.递减C.先递增后递减D.不变5.不能解释产业内贸易现象的理论有（B）A.重叠需求理论B.要素⽐例理论C.规模经济理论D.垄断竞争理论6.能反映规模经济理论本意的是（B）A.规模报酬递减B.规模报酬递增C.规模报酬不变D.规模成本递增7.不改变贸易结构，只改变贸易规模的增长⽅式有（C）A.偏向进⼝的⽣产要素增长B.偏向出⼝的⽣产要素增长C.⽣产要素等⽐例增长D.悲惨的增长8.最佳关税⽔平应等于（B）A.零进⼝关税B.零进⼝关税与禁⽌性关税之间的⽔平C.禁⽌性关税D.禁⽌性关税以上9.世界贸易组织秘书处设在（B）A.⽇内⽡B.纽约C.布鲁塞尔D.乌拉圭10.在国际卡特尔订价中，当产品的需求弹性越⼩，卡特尔订价⽔平就（B）不确定D.越⾼ C.不变 B. A.越低）D11.下述哪⼀种不属于投机性外汇交易（套期保值C.套利 D. A.双边套汇 B.多边套汇）12.下述⼏种货币中，哪⼀种是实⾏联合浮动的货币（D⼈民币D. B.⽇元 C.美元 A.英镑）13.下述哪⼀种属于国际收⽀的事后项⽬（D特别提款权变动D. C.B.A.进出⼝利息收⽀直接投资）在分析货币贬值对贸易收⽀的影响时，⼩国所⾯临的供给弹性是（14.D ⽆穷⼤D.⼤于需求弹性C.⼩于需求弹性B.零A.15.发展中国家主要采取的汇率制度是（C）A.固定汇率制B.浮动汇率制C.钉住汇率制D.联合浮动制16.在1997年东南亚⾦融危机中，最早出现⾦融动荡的国家是（B）A.印度尼西业B.泰国C.⽇本D.韩国17.劳动⼒在各国间的流动通常会使劳动⼒流出国（D）A.财政总收⼊增加，公共设施利⽤率提⾼B.财政总收⼊增加，公共设施利⽤率下降C.财政总收⼊减少，公共设施利⽤率提⾼D.财政总收⼊减少，公共设施利⽤率下降18.产业内贸易更容易发⽣于（C）A.富国与穷国之间B.类似的⾼⼿⼊国家之间C.发达国家与发达国家之间D.发展中国家之间19.根据相互需求原理，两国均衡的交换⽐例取决于（C）A.两国的绝对优势B.两国的⽐较优势C.两国的相对需求强度D.两国的要素禀赋20.以下选项中，那个选项不属于国际收⽀系统中居民的概念（C）A.外国企业B.⾮盈利机构C.国际经济组织D.政府21.布雷顿森林体系创⽴了（B）A.以英镑为中⼼的固定汇率制度B.以美元为中⼼的固定汇率制度C.以英镑为中⼼的有管理的浮动汇率制度D.以美元为中⼼的有管理的浮动汇率制度22.以下选项中，属于国际间接投资的是（D）A.在外国设⽴分公司B.在国外设⽴独资企业C.在国外设⽴合资企业D.购买国外企业债券23.经济⾮均衡的⽆形传导⽅式不包括（D）A.技术转让B.信息交流C.信息回授D.⽰范效应24.在斯图旺表中第三象限表⽰（C）A.通货膨胀与国际收⽀顺差并存B.衰退与国际收⽀顺差并存C衰退与国际收⽀逆差并存D.通货膨胀与国际收⽀逆差并存25.下列哪个不是国际经济学研究的内容（D）A.国际贸易纯理论研究B.外汇理论研究C.跨国公司研究D.国内消费⽔平研究26.关于出⼝贫困化增长，下列命题不正确的是（D）A.出⼝的贫困化增长的根源在于贸易条件的恶化出⼝的贫困化增长不是⼀种普遍的现象B.C.出⼝的贫困化增长会降低本国的福利⽔平D.出⼝的贫困化增长是经济发展过程中的⼀种必然现象27.产品的⽔平差异是指（D）A.采⽤新技术制造的新产品带来的差异B.产品质量⽅⾯的差异C.同质产品D.商品由于相同属性的不同组合⽽产⽣的差异性28.货币的含⾦量之⽐⼜称（B）A.购买⼒平价B.铸币平价C.铸币数量D.铸币本位29.从国际经济学的⾓度来考察，构成经济活动的基本单位或⾏为主体是（D）A.企业B.居民户C.家庭D.国家30.布雷顿森林体系规定，美元与其挂钩的是（C）A.特别提款权B.⼀揽⼦货币C.黄⾦D.⽩银31.下列选项中不属于⽐较利益学说的假设是（B）A.以劳动价值论为基础B.要素是完全流动的C.要素和产品市场都是完全竞争的D.收⼊分配不受贸易影响32.以下选项中，哪个选项不属于⾦融账户的内容（C）B.其他投资和储备资产C.债务减免D.直接投资(A)33.国际经济⼀体化组织的建⽴对各成员国产⽣的静态影响包括贸易转向和B.贸易创造和⼤市场效应C.A．贸易创造和贸易转向⼤市场效应和竞争效应竞争效应D.⼆、多项选择题）1.下列属于⾮关税壁垒措施的有（ABCDEA.⾃愿出⼝限制歧视性的公共采购B.对外贸易的国家垄断C.进⼝许可证技术和卫⽣检疫标准D.E.）以下哪些组织形式属于国际经济⼀体化组织（ABCD 2.共同市场C. A.⾃由贸易区 B.关税同盟北约D.经济联盟 E.）3.ABCDE制订⼀个最佳的国际卡特尔产品价格，所需考虑的影响因素有（卡特尔市场占有率 B.产品收⼊弹性 A.卡特尔产品的需求弹性D.C.⾮卡特尔⼚商产品的供给弹性⾮卡特尔的市场份额E.）ABC4.基本项⽬收⽀差额包括（资本项⽬收⽀C.服务贸易收⽀B.商品贸易收⽀A.D.官⽅结算收⽀E.⾦融资产变动项⽬收⽀5.⼀国在实现外部平衡的过程中，可供选择的政策措施有（ABCDE）A.融通资⾦B.外汇管制C.汇率浮动D.调整经济E.限制进⼝6.18世纪中叶，指出重商主义理论存在重要缺陷的经济学家包括（AD）A.斯密B.李嘉图C.马尔萨斯D.休谟7.新古典国际贸易理论主要包括（ABCD）A.H-O理论B.S-S理论C.H-O-S理论D.R理论E.⽐较优势理论8.⼀国实⾏对外开放后，从打破国内垄断中可以获得的利益包括（ABCDE）A．消费者享受较低的国际价格B.企业产量不断增加C.本国福利⽔平提⾼D.形成公平的竞争格局E.企业竞争⼒增强9.发展中国家尚不成熟的主要表现有（ABCD）A.⼀级市场融资渠道不畅B.银⾏系统受政府严格控制C.⼈为控制的贷款利息率⽔平D.“⿊市”的存在E.没有投机活动10.国际收⽀调整的重要基础理论是（BCD）A.调整论B.货币论C.弹性论D.平衡论11.国际收⽀不平衡的类型有（ABDE）A．周期性不平衡B.结构性不平衡C.货币性不平衡D.价格性不平衡E．收⼊性不平衡12.⾃由贸易将会对不同部门⽣要素的收⼊产⽣不同的影响，其中包括（ABE）A.出⼝部门专门⽣产要素收⼊⽔平提⾼B.进⼝竞争部门专门⽣产要素收⼊⽔平降低C.共同⽣产要素收⼊⽔平上升D.共同⽣产要素收⼊⽔平维持不变E.共同⽣产要素收⼊⽔平⽆法确定13.货币贬值对国内吸收的直接影响包括（ABC）A.货币余额效应B.收⼊再分配效应C.货币幻觉效应出效应价格变动效应E.(ABC)14.下列关于共同市场的叙述正确的有实现了商品⾃由贸易A.B.成员国建⽴了共同对外关税实现了⽣产要素与服务的⾃由流动C.．成员国间需要在技术标准、税收制度、⾦融法规等⽅⾯加以协调D．15.下列经济交易中属于国际收⽀平衡表资本与⾦融项⽬统计的内容有（ABC）A.短期证券买卖B.票据买卖C.短期信贷D.利息收⽀16.国际收⽀弹性分析法的基本假定包括（ABCD）A.国内总体价格⽔平保持不变B.不存在国际资本流动C.汇率由货币当局控制且相对稳定D.汇率变动能够有效影响进出⼝的商品价格17.国际货币体系包括的内容有(ABCDE)A.汇率制度的确定B.各国货币的兑换性C.国际储备资产的确定D.国际收⽀的调节⽅式E.国际⾦融事务的协商和组织三、名词解释1.⽣产者剩余答：⽣产者剩余是指⽣产者愿意接受的价格和实际接受的价格之间的差额。