英语分类汇编八年级英语下册阅读理解（word）
一、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）
1．阅读理解
April 22 is Earth Day. Everyone on Earth should care about and protect the earth!
The earth has warmed by about 1°F （华氏度） over the past 100 years, but why and how? Well, scientists are not quite sure. Maybe the earth gets warmer and warmer on its own. But many scientists say that people are doing many things which makes the earth warmer. First, greenhouse effect （温室效应） is a very important reason for the change of the earth. People give out too much energy into the air every year. It makes the earth warmer. Climate （气候）change is another important reason. Sometimes it becomes too hot and sometimes too cold. Sometimes there is too much rain and sometimes too little. The change of the climate makes the earth warmer. In turn, the warmth of the earth changes the climate, too.
When the earth becomes warmer, there may be more rain and a rise in sea level. It will affect the growth of plants, animals and people. On a Pacific island, 100 people have to move to higher ground because the sea is rising. These people can no longer live on the coast. Before that, two islands without people went underwater in 1999. Scientists say that the seas can rise by nearly one meter by 2100.
People can affect the earth's air, land and water. As for us, we can do many things to protect the earth. For example, we can use fridges less. We can tell more people about protecting the earth.
（1）Earth Day is probably set for people to ______.
A. learn more about the earth
B. make full use of the earth
C. take better care of the earth.
D. study the warmth of the earth
（2）Greenhouse effect comes from______.
A. sea rising
B. climate change
C. nature's unbalance
D. people's activity （3）According to the passage, _______ many affect each other.
A. animals and island
B. climate and the warmth of the earth
C. fridges and animals
D. sea level and the growth of plants
（4）We can infer （推断） from the passage that the reasons for the warmer earth are______ now.
A. not very clear
B. completely secret
C. well known
D. not given yet （5）The passage mainly tells us that ______.
A. there is more rain now
B. we should protect the earth
C. we must stop pollution
D. sea level is getting higher
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）B
（4）A
（5）B
【解析】【分析】这篇短文中作者主要分析了地球变暖的原因，并号召我们行动起来保护
地球。
（1）推理题。根据April 22 is Earth Day. Everyone on Earth should care about and protect the earth 4月22日是地球日。地球上的每个人都应该关心和保护地球，可知地球日可能是为人们更好地保护地球准备的，故选C。
（2）推理题。根据People give out too much energy into the air every year. It makes the earth warmer 人们每年向空气中释放太多的能量。它使地球变暖，可知温室效应来自于人类的活动，故选D。
（3）推理题。根据 greenhouse effect （温室效应） is a very important reason for the change of the earth. People give out too much energy into the air every year. It makes the earth warmer. Climate （气候）change is another important reason. Sometimes it becomes too hot and sometimes too cold. Sometimes there is too much rain and sometimes too little. The change of the climate makes the earth warmer. In turn, the warmth of the earth changes the climate 温室效应是地球变化的一个非常重要的原因。人们每年向空气中释放太多的能量。它使地球变暖。气候变化是另一个重要原因。有时太热，有时太冷。有时雨太大，有时雨太少。气候的变化使地球变暖。反过来，地球的温暖也改变了气候可知，气候和地球的变暖许多因素相互影响，故选B。
（4）推理题。根据Well, scientists are not quite sure. Maybe the earth gets warmer and warmer on its own 科学家不太确定。也许地球自己变得越来越暖和，可知地球变暖的原因还不太清楚，故选A。
（5）主旨题。这篇短文中主要分析了地球变暖的原因，告诉我们应该保护地球，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及推断题和主旨题，推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
2．阅读理解
Once upon a time, two young men were spending some time in the country. One day, while taking a walk together, they crossed a large field.
"Look out!" one of the young men shouted, because a bull（公牛）suddenly appeared（出现）and began to chase（追赶）them. They were very frightened. They ran as fast as they could, but the bull kept chasing them.
Finally, one of the men climbed up a tree. The other one jumped into a hole, but soon he came out of it. Immediately the bull chased him back into the hole.
"Stay there!" his friend shouted, but soon the man came out again, and again the bull chased him right back. This went on five or six more times.
At last, the man in the tree got angry and shouted to his friend in the hole, "You fool! Stay in that hole for a while; otherwise, this bull will keep us here all day! "
"I want to, "the man shouted back, "but there's a bear in it!"
（1）The story took place in the .
A. hole
B. village
C. town
D. large field
（2）One of the men climbed up a tree, and the other .
A. got into a hole
B. ran away
C. kept running
D. went back home
（3）The man in the tree got angry because his friend .
A. met a bear in the hole
B. was a fool
C. stayed in the hole
D. didn't stay in the hole
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）D
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲述的是：从前两个年轻人一起度假。一天散步的时候，一头公牛突然出现了开始追赶他们。其中一个人爬上了树，另一个跑进了树洞。但很快这人又出来了，公牛又把他赶回了洞里。这种情况又持续了五六次，树上的人生气了对他喊：“我告诉了你在洞里呆一会。” 当他又一次跳回到洞里的时候说：“一只熊在洞里啊！”
（1）细节理解题。根据 One day, while taking a walk together, they crossed a large field. 可知故事发生在一块儿地里。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据 Finally, one of the men climbed up a tree. The other one jumped into a hole.最后其中一个人爬上树，另外一个跳进一个洞里。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。 At last, the man in the tree got angry and shouted to his friend in the hole, "You fool! Stay in that hole for a while; otherwise, this bull will keep us here all day! " 最后，树上这个人很生气，对洞里的朋友喊道“你个傻子！在那个洞里呆一会；否则，这头公牛会让我们整天呆在这里的。”可知另外这个人没有在洞里。故选D。
【点评】此题考查阅读理解。事实细节题，细节类型的阅读理解题一般只针对某个特定的细节，在原文中可以直接找到答案。
3．阅读理解
When you are feeling unhappy or forget how great you are, there are six ways to make you feel good about yourself.
⑴Look in the mirror and say to yourself, "I am a special person and there's no one in the world like me. I can do anything!" It may not sound so good, but it really works!
⑵Do something nice for someone. Helping others always makes you feel good.
⑶Smile! Be friendly to people you meet. Look for the good things in your friends and family.
⑷Learn something new! Have you always wanted to decorate your own room or learn how to swim? Go for it! New challenges（挑战）are fun and give you a sense of accomplishment when you have finished.
⑸Read and start a diary. Turn off the TV and let your imagination（想象）fly! Write down your thoughts, dreams or anything you want! Writing always helps to express your feelings.
⑹Stay with your family. We all need our family time. Talk with your Mum or Dad or maybe even your cousin.
（1）This passage may be taken from .
A. a science book
B. a story book
C. a magazine
D. school rules
（2）What do the underlined words "a sense of accomplishment" mean？
A. 成就感
B. 忧伤感
C. 挫折感
D. 信任感
（3）Which of the following should you say "No" to when you are unhappy?
A. You should always look for the good things of others.
B. Stay alone at home as much as possible.
C. Learn something new and go for it!
D. Keep a diary to express your feelings.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）B
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是当你不开心或你多伟大时，让你感觉很好的几个建议。照镜子说自己是独一无二的。为别人做好事，微笑，读写日记，和家人在一起。
（1）文章出处题。这篇文章将的是怎样是自己有好心情，可知文章出自某个情感杂志。故选C。
（2）词意猜测题。根据New challenges（挑战）are fun and give you a sense of accomplishment when you have finished.新的挑战很有趣，当你完成时会给你一种成就感。根据when you have finished.可知当你完成挑战时，你就会有成就感。可知a sense of accomplishment成就感，故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据Stay with your family. We all need our family time. T alk with your Mum or Dad or maybe even your cousin.可知当我们感到不高兴时我们要和家人在一起，不能独处。故选B。
【点评】此题考查阅读理解。对于文章词出处题。要根据文章的内容，进行判断。对于词意猜测题。需要准确无误地理解上下文，要根据常识，上下文等线索确定词义。对于细节理解题。要仔细阅读短文，在文章中找到和问题相关的句子，选出正确答案。
4．阅读理解
"What! You too? I thought I was the only one." Have you ever said this to someone? If so, you may have ended up becoming friends with this person.
It seemed that similarity often helps form friendships. The Greek philosopher（哲学家）Aristotle once said, "Some define（下定义） friendship as a matter of similarity. They say that we love those who are like ourselves."
Now, there is some science behind this idea. Scientists from University of California said friends have similar brains, Scientific American reported.
The scientists invited 42 university students to take part in an experiment. Each student watched the same set of videos, which included a comedy, a discussion and a soccer match. Meanwhile, scientists studied their brains and recorded their brain activity.
According to their study, friends who watched the same video clips reacted in similar ways. Similar parts of their brains lit up while watching the videos, especially parts that were connected with motivation（动力）， learning and memory.
However, people who weren't friends had different reactions to the same clips.
"Having close friends whose brains react like ours may be rewarding because it makes one's
won values, opinions, and interests strength," scientist Carolyn Parkinson told Business Insider. But brain similarity is not the only thing that can result in friendship. Scientists from the University of Leipzig, Germany, found that friendship is also based on how physically close you are to someone.
They did an experiment with first-year college students who met in class for the first time. In this experiment, students who sat in neighbouring seats were more likely to become friends.（1）What does "this idea" in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Many friendships start with small chats.
B. Friends try to develop similarities between themselves.
C. People with similarities may become friends
D. We like those who like us first.
（2）The 42 university students in the experiment_____________.
A. are all from the University of California
B. were close friends before the experiment
C. watched the same set of videos
D. reacted differently from each other
（3）What did the study of the students' brains show?
A. They had watched the same video clips.
B. Friends had similar reactions to the same clips.
C. Watching videos improves one's memory.
D. It's good to have friends who react similarly.
（4）According to the story , what else may help build friendship?
A. Being fun and helpful
B. Studying at the same college.
C. Having similar appearances
D. Being physically close.
（5）The best title of the passage is "__________"
A. What is friendship
B. Friends can think alike
C. An experiment about friendship
D. How can we build friendship
【答案】（1）C
（2）C
（3）B
（4）D
（5）B
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要告诉我们相似的人或者距离较近的人更容易成为朋友。
（1）细节理解题，根据Now , there is some science behind this idea. Scientists from University of California said friends have similar brains, Scientific American reported.现在，有一些科学背后的想法。据“科学美国人"报道，加州大学的科学家们说，朋友们也有类似的大脑，可知这里this idea是指有相似之处的人可能会成为朋友，故选C。
（2）细节理解题，根据The scientists invited 42 university students to take part in an experiment. Each student watched the same set of videos, which included a comedy, a discussion and a soccer match.科学家们邀请了42名大学生参加一项实验。每个学生都观看了相同的一组视频，其中包括一部喜剧、一场讨论和一场足球比赛，可知答案，故选C。
（3）细节理解题，根据According to their study, friends who watched the same video clips reacted in similar ways. 根据他们的研究，看过相同视频片段的朋友也会有类似的反应，可知答案，故选B。
（4）细节理解题，根据Scientists from the University of Leipzig, Germany, found that friendship is also based on how physically close yo are to someone. 德国莱比锡大学（UniversityofLeipzig）的科学家们发现，友谊也是建立在身体上与某人有多亲密的基础上的，和 In this experiment, students who sat in neighbouring seats were more likely to become friends.在这个实验中，坐在相邻座位上的学生更有可能成为朋友，可知坐得近的学生更可能成为朋友，故选D。
（5）主旨大意题，结合文章大意主要讲述的是相似常常有助于建立友谊，希腊哲学家（哲学家）亚里士多德曾经说过，有些人把友谊定义为相似之处。他们说我们爱那些和我们一样的人。可知朋友可以有相同的想法，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节理解题要在文章中找到原句和细节，选出正确答案；主旨大意题要掌握文章大意，了解作者的写作意图，找到关键词，选出最佳答案。
5．阅读理解
Is stress from work or school making you sick? If so, you may belong to a growing number of people suffering from serious stress. Experts have called the problem the "Black Death of the 21st century." The original Black Death is estimated （据估计） to have killed 25 million people in Europe in the 14th century. While no one expects stress to be quite that deadly, it is still a serious matter.
A recent study has shown that stress can affect our ability to go to work. Stress is now the number one reason workers stay home sick four continuous （不间断） weeks or more.
What has led to the growing stress felt in the workplace? The bad economic situation is a major reason. Record numbers of layoffs （裁员）have increased workers' worry about losing their jobs. Layoffs have also increased the amount of work workers are expected to do. People then work longer hours, which often creates problems for them at home, causing even more stress.
According to Professor Cary Cooper, writer of over 120 books, stress often leads to changes in manner of acting. You may notice that you're having a hard time centering around things. You may find yourself losing your temper （脾气）easily. You might even seem to have lost your sense of humor. Other stress-related problems include difficulty in sleeping, overeating or drinking in excess.
Stress must be managed by workers themselves and by the company. Workers can take steps to manage stress. They can create a suitable plan and have breaks from time to time. Bosses can help by showing workers that their opinions may be important. They can also allow workers to have some say in decisions that matter their jobs.
Everyone should work together to look for ways to cope with on-the-job stress.
（1）What does the article point out about the "Black Death" today?
A. A kind of serious disease.
B. A bad social situation especially in your work place.
C. A relationship between you and your boss.
D. A lonely feeling about how you make a living.
（2）According to the passage, if you have been home sick more than usual, that means ______.
A. you have failed to manage your work
B. something goes wrong with your body or mind
C. stress may be the main cause
D. you are expected to stay at home to improve your ability for work
（3）How do you notice that you have had the problem of stress?
A. You may spend time with friends and loved ones.
B. You are worrying about losing your job.
C. Your boss gives you a chance to express something valuable.
D. You are impatient with others.
（4）Among all of the following words, which of the two will you choose to describe paragraph 3
and paragraph 4?
① Ways ② Signs③ Causes④ Habits ⑤ Reviews
A. ⑤&②
B. ③&②
C. ⑤&④
D. ③&
①
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文关注的是压力问题，指出压力会影响我们的工作能力，
是员工连续四周或更长时间生病在家的首要原因。文章分析了导致工作压力越来越大的原
因，描述了因压力而导致的人们行为方式的改变，提出了缓解压力的合理化建议，呼吁每
个人都应该一起努力寻找解决工作压力的方法。
（1）考查细节理解。根据开头Is stress from work or school making you sick? If so, you may belong to a growing number of people suffering from serious stress. Experts have called the problem the "Black Death of the 21st century."，可知工作或学校的压力会让人得上"黑死病
"，故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据Stress is now the number one reason workers stay home sick four continuous weeks or more. 压力是员工连续四周或更长时间生病在家的首要原因，可知如果
生病在家的次数比平时多，说明压力很大，故选C。
（3）考查细节理解题。根据stress often leads to changes in manner of acting.联系下文You may notice that you're having a hard time centering around things.等原因，可知压力常常会导
致行为方式的改变，比如第四点You are impatient with others.故选D。
（4）考查段意理解。①方式②标志③原因④习惯⑤复习。根据第三段What has led to
the growing stress felt in the workplace? The bad economic situation is a major reason.，可知分
析了导致压力的原因（③ Causes）；根据第四段According to Professor Cary Cooper, writer
of over 120 books, stress often leads to changes in manner of acting.，可知列举了有压力问题
的表现（② Signs），故选B。
【点评】此题考查阅读理解。先从短文中直接找到细节理解题的问题的答案。对于段落大意，要仔细阅读这个段落，根据段落的内容确定段落大意。
6．阅读理解
Space vegetables are grown from seeds（种子） that have been taken to space and brought back to the earth. The seeds are affected by the radiation（辐射）and low gravity in space. When they are brought back to the earth, these seeds produce vegetables that are bigger and healthier than normal vegetables. However, some people worry about eating space vegetables. They think that space vegetables might not be good for us and could make us get sick because of the radiation in space. However, people should not be frightened because space vegetables are very healthy.
Here are some facts that you should know about space vegetables.
Space vegetables are grown from seeds that are carefully chosen. When seeds are brought back from space they are tested to make sure that they will be safe to eat.
Space vegetables are better for you than normal vegetables. For example, space tomatoes stay fresh for twenty days, which is one week longer than normal tomatoes。
After genetically modified （转基因）food appeared in the market, people worried that they were eating unknown things. For example, if nut genes（坚果基因）are put inside potatoes, people allergic（过敏的） to nuts might get sick from eating these potatoes because they do not know they are also eating nuts. Unlike genetically modified food, space vegetables have not been genetically changed. This means that no new genes are put into the vegetables. Therefore, there are no dangers of eating unknown.
（1）According to Paragraph One, how are the space vegetables?
A. More delicious.
B. Healthier and bigger.
C. More dangerous.
D. Cheaper and healthier.
（2）According to Paragraph 4, how long can normal tomatoes stay fresh?
A. For seven day.
B. For twenty days.
C. For thirteen days.
D. For twenty-seven days.（3）What's the difference between space vegetables and genetically modified food?
A. Space vegetables have no new genes.
B. Space vegetables are grown in space.
C. Space vegetables have nothing unknown.
D. Space vegetables are genetically changed.
（4）What does the writer want to tell us?
A. The seeds of space vegetables are taken to space.
B. Everybody worries about eating space vegetables.
C. Space vegetables are safe and good for people to eat.
D. Space vegetables bring us illness because of the radiation.
【答案】（1）B
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述本文主要讲述太空蔬菜安全且对人有益，由受到辐射和较低的引力的种子培育出来太空蔬菜体型大且比普通的蔬菜更健康。
（1）细节题。根据these seeds produce vegetables that are bigger and healthier than normal vegetables.可知，太空蔬菜更健康且更大，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据space tomatoes stay fresh for twenty days, which is one week longer than normal tomatoes.可知，太空蔬菜能保鲜20天，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据This means that no new genes are put into the vegetables.可知，太空蔬菜没有新的基因，故选A。
（4）主旨题。本文主要讲述太空蔬菜安全且对人有益，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
7．阅读理解
Ender Wiggin is a 6-year-old army general（将军）, and a gaming genius（天才）. Sometime in Earth's future, humans will have a war with bug-like alien species, the "Buggers". They use computers to control battles（战争）.To prepare for the war, all talented children study in a special school to become generals. Wiggin is one of them.
Students play games to practise their commanding （指挥的）skills. Wiggin is the best of them. At last, Wiggin comes to his final test. The fleet（舰队） he commands in the game is the real human army. Wiggin is actually "playing" the final battle between humans and Buggers. Will he win? What will happen to humans after the battle? Let's find out in the book Ender's Game, by the American writer Orson Scott Card.
（1）In the future, people will use to control battles.
A. computers
B. water
C. animals
D. money
（2）To prepare for the war, all talented children study in a special school to become
A. teachers
B. businessmen
C. generals
D. soldiers
（3）Ender Wiggin is a 6-year-old .
A. dancer
B. animal
C. student
D. army general
（4） play games to practise their commanding skills.
A. Teachers
B. Students
C. Soldiers
D. People
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】大意：短文主要介绍了美国作家 Orson Scott Card的书《 Ender 的游戏》的情节。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段 They use computers to control battles（战争）. 可知，在将来人们会用计算机控制战争。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第一段 To prepare for the war, all talented children study in a special school to become generals. 可知，为了准备战争，天才儿童会在特殊学校学习成为将军。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第一段 Ender Wiggin is a 6-year-old army general（将军） .可知，Ender Wiggin是个六岁的将军。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据第二段第一句 Students play games to practise their commanding （指挥的） skills. 可知，是学生通过玩游戏来练习指挥的技能。故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。
8．阅读理解
Animals are natural resources that people have wasted all through our history. Animals have been killed for their fur and feathers, for food, for sports, and simply because they were in the way. Thousands of kinds of animals have disappeared from the Earth forever. Hundreds of animals are on the danger list today. About 170 kinds in the United States alone are considered in danger. Why should people care? Because we need animals, and because once they are gone, there will never be any more. Animals are more than just beautiful or interesting. They are more than just a source of food. Every animal has its place in the balance of nature. Destroying one kind of animal can create many problems. For example, when farmers killed large numbers of hawks, the farmers' stores of corn and grain were destroyed by rats and mice. Why? Because hawks eat rats and mice, with no hawks to keep down their numbers, the rats and mice multiplied quickly.
Luckily, some people are working to help save the animals. Some groups raise money to let people know about the problem. And they try to get the governments to pass laws protecting animals in danger. Quite a few countries have passed laws. These laws forbid the killing of any animal or plant on the danger list. Slowly, the number of some animals in danger is growing.（1）How did people waste natural resources?
A. People saved the trees.
B. People killed animals for their fur, feathers, food and so on.
C. People protected all kinds of little animals.
D. People got used to looking after animals.
（2）How many kinds of animals are considered in danger in America?
A. About 170.
B. About 1,700.
C. About 70.
D. About 77.（3）Which of the following is TRUE about animals?
A. Animals are only a source of food.
B. Every animal has its place in the balance of nature.
C. Protecting one kind of animals can create many problems.
D. Thousands of animals are on the danger list today.
（4）What's the meaning of the underlined word "forbid"?
A. Observe.
B. Obey.
C. Prohibit.
D. Punish.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了人类对动物的猎杀以及人类的反思和保护动物的行动。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段 Animals have been killed for their fur and feathers, for food, for sports, and simply because they were in the way.可知，人类为了获得动物的皮毛、把动物当做食物、做运动等等原因杀死动物，以此浪费自然资源。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第一段 About 170 kinds in the United States alone are considered in danger. 可知，大约有170种动物濒危。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据第一段 Every animal has its place in the balance of nature. 可知，每个动物在大自然的平衡当中都扮演着角色。故选B。
（4）词义猜测题。根据最后一句 Slowly, the number of some animals in danger is growing.慢慢地，一些濒危动物的数量正在增加，可知人们通过法律来禁止捕杀动物，因此forbit的意思为“禁止”，同义词为prohibit。故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和词义猜测题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词义猜测题需要阅读上下文，了解句意之后找出单词的意思。
9．阅读下面材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Molly had a math exam that day. Math was her worst subject. Her friend Ted promised to help her prepare for the exam, but then he ignored（不理会） all her calls.
When the exam began, Molly saw Ted holding his phone under the table. He was reading something on the phone! Molly was surprised. Was that how Ted always got good grades? She felt really angry. It wasn't fair! Then Molly put up her hand. Ted was looking at his phone and didn't hear Mr. Reed as he walked up to his table. Mr. Reed picked up Ted's exam paper and told him to go outside. Ted started crying as he went to the door. Molly felt really sorry.
After school, Molly heard footsteps （脚步声）behind her when she was leaving school. It was Ted "Molly, wait!" he called. "I want to talk to you." Molly could see Ted's eyes were red." Listen! I'm really sorry I didn't answer your calls. My dad had heart trouble. He had an operation （手术） today. I was very worried, so I was reading messages from my mom to see how it was going. But Mr. Reed thought I was cheating. Luckily he believes me now. I'm sorry I didn't tell you. Will you forgive（原谅）me?”
（1）What did Ted promise Molly?
A. To make calls to Molly.
B. To help Molly prepare for the exam.
C. To help Molly pass math exam.
D. To forgive Molly's mistakes.
（2）When Molly saw what Ted was doing, she ________________.
A. told Mr. Reed about it
B. walked up to his table
C. sent Ted a message quickly
D. looked at Ted's exam paper
（3）Why did Ted use his phone in the exam?
A. Because he had finished the exam paper.
B. Because his mother had heart trouble.
C. Because he was worried about his dad's operation.
D. Because he wanted to get better grades by cheating.
（4）Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Ted had to take care of his father after school every day.
B. Mr. Reed believed what Ted said after the exam.
C. Ted got good grades by cheating in the math exam.
D. Ted didn't answer Molly's calls because he was ill.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】主要讲了Molly的朋友Ted告诉Molly帮助她准备考试，但是Ted没有接Molly的电话，考试时Ted看手机，Molly告诉了老师，Molly生气了，考试后Ted向Molly 解释了原因。
（1）细节题。根据Her friend Ted promised to help her prepare for the exam可知Ted许诺帮助Molly准备考试，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据Then Molly put up her hand. Ted was looking at his phone and didn't hear Mr. Reed as he walked up to his table.可知Ted把Molly看手机告诉了老师，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据He had an operation （手术） today. I was very worried, so I was reading messages from my mom to see how it was going.可知Ted的爸爸做手术，Ted担心爸爸的手术，所以在考试中看手机，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据But Mr. Reed thought I was cheating. Luckily he believes me now.可知刚开始老师认为Ted正在作弊，但是考试后相信Ted了，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
10．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Adults: $10 Children （aged 15 or under） : $7
Open: 9: 00 a. m. to 9: 00 p. m. Tel: 2151-8296
A. Every day.
B. On weekdays.
C. On weekends.
D. From Monday to Wednesday.（2）Mrs. Green wants to go to Water World with her 11-year-old son, how much does she need to pay?
A. $7
B. $10
C. $17
D. $20
（3）Which of the following is TRUE?
A. You can play in Water World at 8: 00 a. m.
B. You can go to Nancy's Gym in the morning.
C. You should pay $25 for an hour in Ice World.
D. You can call 8868-2526 if you like going skating.
【答案】（1）C
（2）C
（3）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这三个广告中，分别介绍了健身房，冰雪世界和水世界的服务内容，收费及电话信息，阅读中注意把握每则广告的不同之处。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一个表格Open: 1: 00 p. m. to 8: 00 p. m. Saturdays and Sundays，可知只有周末开放，故选C。
（2）数字计算题。根据第三个表格Adults: $10 ；Children （aged 15 or under） : $7可知10+7=17$，故选C。
（3）正误判断题。根据三则广告描述，在成人健身房每小时25美元，开放时间是下午一点到下午八点；在冰雪世界每小时30美元，冰雪世界的电话是Tel:8868-2526；在水世界每小时10美元，开放的时间上午九点到下午九点。可知只有选项D是符合文章内容，排除A/B/C选项。故选D。
【点评】这三个广告中，分别介绍了健身房，冰雪世界和水世界的服务内容，收费及电话信息，阅读中注意把握每篇的重点内容，注意三则之间的区别。然后带着问题再读广告，找出答题依据。对于有关数字的问题，要认真分析，并进行必要的计算。
11．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Do you know where J.K. Rowling wrote the Harry Potter books? She wrote the first book in a coffee shop. Was it because she felt more creative when working there? The answer might be yes. Scientists found that moderate （适度的） noise can make people more creative, The New York Times reported.
Scientists did tests on students. They divided them into four groups. They then asked the students to do certain tasks involving creative thinking. But each group did the task with different volumes （音量） of background noise. They found that students did best when working under moderate noise—70 decibels （分贝）. This is about the same volume of background noise in a cafe. Students did worse in low noise （50 dB）. This is the volume of a quiet room. They did the poorest when in a high-noise （85 dB） environment. This is the noise level in a factory.
Moderate noise can distract （分心） people just enough so that they think more creatively. "It helps you think outside the box," Raci Mehta, a lead researcher in the study, said to the Business Standard. On the one hand, working in a very quiet place can strengthen our focus. But it also stops
us from thinking abstractly （抽象）.
"This is why if you are too focused on a problem and you can't solve it," said Mehta, "you leave it for some time and then come back to it and you'll get the solution."
However, the scientists said that when you need to do detailed things, like proofreading （校对） a paper, a quiet place is better than a noisy one.
（1）The first paragraph tells us that ________.
A. J.K. Rowling likes drinking coffee
B. working in a coffee shop might help people become creative
C. the best novels are born in coffee shops
D. moderate noise makes people creative
（2）________ helps students do best in creative tasks.
A. 85 dB
B. 70 dB
C. 50 dB
D. 0 dB
（3）Working in a very quiet place can ________.
A. help people think outside the box
B. make people think abstractly
C. help people find the solution easily
D. help people focus on their work
（4）The main idea of the passage is ________.
A. how to work under a moderate noise level
B. why J. K. Rowling likes to write stories in a coffee shop
C. why moderate noise is good for creative thinking
D. how scientists tested students' learning abilities
【答案】（1）B
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要通过一些例子和研究说明中等噪音可以帮助人们更有创造性地思考。
（1）段落大意题。根据第一段Was it because she felt more creative when working there? The answer might be yes. 是因为在那里工作更有创造力吗？答案可能是的。可知第一段主要讲的是在咖啡厅工作可能能使人变得更有创造力。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段They found that students did best when working under moderate noise—70 decibels （分贝）. 可知，在70分贝的环境中，学生可以做到最好。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段 working in a very quiet place can strengthen our focus.可知，在一个非常安静的地方工作可以增强我们的专注力。故选D。
（4）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要通过一些例子和研究说明为什么中等噪音可以帮助人们更有创造性地思考。故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、段落大意题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；段落大意题通读全段，把握文段大意；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
12．阅读理解
Travel to Italy
Cities Milan Venice
Population in
2010
1，307，900270，500
Area Larger than Florence's7. 6 square kilometers
Typical feature （特征）The second largest city in
Italy
A water city
Climate Wet Warm winter and hot
summer
Cities Florence Rome
Population
in 2010
369 thousand 2. 74 million
Area104 square kilometers Over 1，507 square
kilometers （City area）
Typical feature （特征）The birthplace of
the Renaissance
（文艺复兴发源地）
The capital city
Climate Pleasant climate Warm and wet in winter while hot and dry in
summer
A. two
B. three
C. four
（2）Milan has a ________ climate according to the form.
A. wet
B. hot
C. dry
（3）According to the form, ________ is the smallest in area.
A. Rome
B. Venice
C. Milan
（4）Florence is well known as ________.
A. the largest city in Italy
B. the water city
C. the birthplace of the Renaissance
（5）Which of the following is TRUE according to the form?
A. In 2010, the population of Florence was larger than that of Milan.
B. The population of Rome was 2，740，000 in 2010.
C. The capital city has an area of less than 1，507 square kilometers.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）B
（4）C
（5）B
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了意大利的四座著名城市。
（1）细节题。根据表格cities一栏显示可知，表格里提及了 Milan ， Venice ， Florence ，Rome4个著名的意大利城市，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据表格climate一栏显示可知，米兰的气候是潮湿，wet，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据表格area一栏显示可知， Venice是面积最小的城市，故选B。
（4）细节题。根据表格typical feature一栏显示可知，佛罗伦萨因是文艺复兴发源地而出名，故选C。
（5）细节题。根据表格2010年人口一栏显示可知，罗马有27.4亿人口，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。
13．阅读理解
You don't have to be great to get started, but you have to get started to be great. I believe it is a normal thought in today's society to just let life happen to us. I also believe that we sometimes destroy（毁灭） our well-planned thoughts about success because it's easier to just continue as usual rather than "try" with the possible failure in mind.
Most people never get moving because they don't know what they want. Without a certain result already set in your mind, it's really difficult to get going, and even if you do, your attention may soon disappear and you give up before long.
Why not consider what's really important in your life? Write down what excites you, what would truly make you happy and what problems you have. At the end of the week, take a careful look at the notes you've taken .You'll soon begin to see a clearer picture of what direction you should be going towards.
Knowledge is useless without action. You read many books but your life will stay the same if you don't use the knowledge. Knowledge is fantastic but it will not change your life until it is used.
I love to read personal development material to keep a positive attitude（积极的态度）towards my life , but I also realize that if I don't set goals to achieve, then I will always be a talk the talk person who is great at giving advice but useless at realizing it .If you have no plans of practicing what you say, then it may be best to keep your mouth closed.
Do you want to know who you are? Don't ask, Act! Action will explain you. Whatever excuses we have for not living up to our talent, the fact is that time will always move forward. Be whatever you want to be and whatever you can be. Always remember the only limits（限制）we have are the ones we create for ourselves. Life is not what we think. It is what we experience when we behave according to the thoughts we have.
（1）What will happen if you have the possible failure in your mind?
A. You will destroy your well-planned thoughts about success.
B. You'll have great pressure and try not to make any mistakes.
C. You will try your best and come up with a much better plan.
D. You'll put all the opportunities to good use to try your plan.
（2）In Paragraph Two, the writer wants to .
A. tell us what people need to get success
B. show us what people set in their mind
C. talk about why people should practice
D. explain why people stop going ahead
（3）What does the underlined part "a talk the talk person "mean in the passage?
A. A person who is good at giving talks.
B. A person who talks big but does nothing.
C. A person who is active in talking.
D. A person who is an energetic talker.
（4）Which of the following is NOT true of the passage?
A. Knowledge is fantastic when it's used, or it's useless.
B. Knowledge is useless without action.
C. Success always stops us from succeeding but ourselves.
D. Action will tell you who you are.
（5）What is the best title for the passage?
A. See a Clear Picture of Life
B. Taking Actions Leads to Success
C. Set Your Goals to Achieve
D. Actions Speak Louder than Words
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）B
（4）C
（5）D
【解析】【分析】本文讲述的是在生活中，知识宝贵，但是光读书，光有知识，不把它运用起来是无用的。有时，再好的计划和想法你若不去实行，那也没用。也就是说，想的再多，生活也还是原样，还不如行动起来改变生活，改善下生活。
（1）细节题。根据we sometimes destroy our well-planned thoughts about success because …rather than “try” with the possible failure in mind.可知你会毁了你精心策划的关于成功的想法，故选A。
（2）推理题。根据 Most people never get moving because they don't know what they want. Without a certain result already set in your mind, it's really difficult to get going, and even if you do, your attention may soon disappear and you give up before long. 大多数人从不行动，因为他们不知道自己想要什么。如果没有一个确定的结果，就很难继续，即使你这样做了，你的注意力也会很快消失，不久你就会放弃，可知作者想解释为什么人们停止前进，故选D。
（3）词义猜测题。根据I will always be a talk the talk person who is great at giving advice but useless at realizing it 后半句可知a talk the talk person是个只擅长提供意见，却对行动没有作用的人，也就是说，这样的人擅长说，但不擅长做。故选B。
（4）细节题。根据Knowledge is useless without action，Knowledge is fantastic but it will not change your life until it is used…，和Action will explain you可知A，B和D是对的，故选C。
（5）主旨题。根据文章上下可知全文主要讲述的是事实胜于雄辩，行动比说话管事得多。故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，
细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
14．阅读理解
Flynn McGarry, a 14-year-old American boy won the prize from "the country's hottest cook".
He began cooking four years ago and wanted to cook as much as he could do it. After looking at all these cookbooks and going on the Internet, he thought he could be successful one day. McGarry said. "Every time I try it, I hope to keep getting better and better. I just fell in love with it."
He said his mother's cooking was another reason for him to cook. He didn't quite like his mother's food, so he decided to try something simple. He started cooking for himself. He began practicing his knife after school.
Then，he started making dishes for a few of his mother's friends. Soon after，he made more delicious and expensive dishes for famous restaurants in America. When his skills in the kitchen got better，he was able to cook his way through most of the cookbooks. He has worked in top restaurants across the country.
The young man has a strong passion（热情）for cooking. He even turned his bedroom into a place like a kitchen. You can't see any video games，basketballs or movie posters.
McGarry's mother is happy with him and she fully supports（支持）her son. She said，“He showed such interest for this that it was a right choice to do what he loves. ”
"Keeping on your passion and hard work certainly pays off in the end." said McGarry.
（1）The boy, McGarry began cooking because .
A. it was a subject in his school
B. he didn't like his mother's food
C. his mother asked him to do it
D. he wanted to cook for his classmates
（2）From the third paragraph, we can learn that .
A. the boy only cooked for his family
B. the boy has worked in famous restaurants
C. the boy never practiced cooking
D. few friends enjoyed his meals
（3）McGarry became so interested in cooking that .
A. his subjects became the worst of all
B. he made lots of money
C. he made his bedroom like a kitchen
D. his mother had to stop him from cooking
（4）The best title for the passage may be .
A. Cooking Will Be Popular
B. Hard Work Is the Key to Success
C. Cooking Can't Help Us
D. Everyone Can Be Perfect
【答案】（1）B
（2）B
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文主要讲述一个孩子从怀有对做菜的兴趣，到不断坚持努力做各种尝试，最后变成一位有名的美国厨师的故事，这篇文章告诉我们努力和付出是打开成功之门的关键。
（1）细节理解题。根据He said his mother's cooking was another reason for him to cook. He didn't quite like his mother's food, so he decided to try something simple.他说他母亲的烹饪是他烹饪的另一个原因。他不很喜欢母亲做的食物，因此决定去尝试一些简单东西。故选B。可知他开始烹饪因为他不喜欢母亲做的食物，故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据 Soon after，he made more delicious and expensive dishes for famous restaurants in America. 不久后，他在每个为一些著名的饭店做更美味更贵的菜肴。可知男孩在著名的饭店工作。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据 The young man has a strong passion（热情）for cooking. He even turned his bedroom into a place like a kitchen. 这个男孩对烹饪有强烈的热情。他甚至把卧室改成像厨房一样的地方。故选C。
（4）文章主题。根据文章主题句 "Keeping on your passion and hard work certainly pays off in the end." said McGarry.可知热情和努力工作是成功的关键。故选B。
【点评】此题考查阅读理解。先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题，细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。
15．阅读理解
Mary and Peter were having a picnic with some friends near a river when Mary shouted, "Look! That's a spaceship up there and it's going to land here. "
Frightened by the strange spaceship, all the young people got into their cars and drove away as quickly as possible except Peter and Mary. They were more curious（好奇的）than frightened. They watched the spaceship land and saw a door open, but nobody came out, so they went to look into it. In the centre of the floor, there was a lot of food. Peter followed Mary into the spaceship and did not hear the door close behind him. The temperature fell in no time and very soon the two young people didn't know anything.
When they came to, they were surprised to see that they were back by the river again. The spaceship had gone. Their car was nearby.
"What happened?" asked Mary.
Peter scratched（搔）his head, saying slowly, "Don't ask me. Perhaps we had a problem. Come on. It's time to go home."
After driving about fifty metres, they found a thick wall made of something like glass stood in their way. On the other side of the wall, a few strange aliens were looking through the wall and reading a notice, which translated into（译成）English said, "New comers at the zoo, a pair of earth villagers in their house on wheels. "
（1）What happened after Mary and Peter entered the spaceship?
A. They were asked to eat much food.
B. The temperature went up.
C. Someone they couldn't see knocked them down.
D. The spaceship flew away with them and part of the field.
（2）What can we learn from the end of the story?
A. Peter and Mary became villagers.
B. Peter and Mary were in another planet（星球）.
C. Peter and Mary went back home.
D. Peter and Mary visited the zoo.
（3）The underlined part "house on wheels" means " " in this story.
A. car
B. space
C. wall
D. zoo
（4）How did Peter and Mary feel when they saw the strange spaceship?
A. frightened
B. surprised
C. amazed
D. curious
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了Peter and Mary被外星人带到了外星球的动物园里的故事。（1）推理题。根据 New comers at the zoo, a pair of earth villagers in their house on wheels. 可知宇宙飞船带着他们还有一部分场地一起飞走了，故选D。
（2）推理题。根据 On the other side of the wall, a few strange aliens were looking through the wall and reading a notice, which translated into（译成）English said, "New comers at the zoo, a pair of earth villagers in their house on wheels 可知彼得和玛丽在另一个星球上，故选B。
（3）词义猜测题。根据New comers at the zoo, a pair of earth villagers in their house on wheels. " 物园里新来的人，一对地球上的村民在他们的有轮子的房子里车，可知house on wheels是车的意思，故选A。
（4）推理题。根据 They were more curious（好奇的）than frightened 可知他们很惊讶，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及推断题，词义猜测题，推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。
一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Gemini Man Gemini Man is a big-budget Hollywood sci-fi-action movie based on an original concept, rather than on a superhero comic or an old TV series, even though this particular original concept is more 20 years old. In it a government assassin (杀手)is being hunted down by his own clone The original script was sold by Darren Lemke to a studio in 1997, and since then almost every male A-listener has been attached as a potential star. Now, at long last, Ang Lee has directed Gemini Man, and Will Smith plays both the veteran assassin and his much younger doppelganger (分身). Jojo Rabbit During World War Two, a 10-year-old German boy (Roman Griffin David) is desperate to be a dutiful Nazi, only to discover that his mother (Scarlett Johansson) is hiding, a Jewish girl (Thomasin McKenzie) in their house. It may not sound like the stuff of a big-hearted comedy but Taika Waititi can make anything warm and funny. As well as writing and directing Jojo Rabbit, Waititi co-stars as the boy's imaginary friend,a nitwitted Adolf Hitler. Doctor Sleep Mike Flanag's new film is adapted from Stephen King, novel, Doctor Sleep, which was a sequel (续集) to The Shining. You can expect to see blood flowing out of lifts in a rapid stream, ghostly twin girls and headache-including carpet patterns. Ewan McGregor stars as Danny Torrance, the boy with psychic powers m 1980 film. Now, he is a middle-aged hospital counsellor. Maleficent: Mistress of Evil Here's another chance to see Angelina Jolie. In 2014 she starred in Maleficent, Disney's live-action remake of the Sleeping Beauty cartoon from 1959. The twist was that the eponymous wicked fairy wasn't so wicked, after all, and that the real villain was the father of Princess Aurora (Elle Fanning). The sequel's subtitle promises that Maleficent will actually be evil this time around, her change of heart prompted by Aurora's engagement to handsome prince (Harris Dickinson).（1）What can we learn from this passage? A. Ewan McGregor plays a role in Doctor Sleep. B. Taika Waititi is the main character in Jojo Rabbit. C. Gemini Man is adapted from a 20-yem--old TV series. D. The real wicked character in Maleficent: Mistress of Evil is Aurora. （2）If your friend wants to see a horror movie, which one will you recommend? A. Gemini Man B. Jojo Babbit C. Doctor Sleep D. Maleficent: Mistress of Evil 【答案】（1）A （2）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四部电影。 （1）考查细节理解。根据Doctor Sleep部分中的“Ewan McGregor stars as Danny Torrance, the boy w ith psychic powers in 1980 film.”可知Ewan McGregor在电影Doctor Sleep扮演Danny Torrance的角色。故选A。
课题 :动词的时态语态 2011年高考真题 1. Planning so far ahead _____ no sense— so many things will have changed by next year. (全国 I. A. made B. is making C. makes D. has made 2. I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he ______ polite. (全国卷 I A. was just being B. will just be C. had just been D. would just be 3. When Alice came to, she did not know how long she _____ there. (全国卷 I A. had been lying B. has been lying C. was lying D. has lain 4. Experiments of this kind _____in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War. A. have conducted B. have been conducted C. had conducted D. had been conducted 5. Tom __________ in the library every night over the last three months. (北京卷 A. works B. worked C. has been working D. had been working 6. - Bob has gone to California. - Oh, can you tell me when he _________?(北京卷 A. has left B. left C. is leaving D. would leaving 7. ----That must have been a long trip. ---Yeah, it __________ us a whole week to get there. A. takes B. has taken C. took D. was taking 8. After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team _____ four days later. (上海卷 A. rescued B. was rescued C. has rescued D. had been rescued 9. Did you predict that many students ______ up for the dance competition? (上海卷
专题一冠词、名词和主谓一致 1.【2015·湖北】21.When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his ___ and had a bad fall. A.balance B .chance C .memory D .place 【答案】A 【考点定位】名词词义辨析 【名师点睛】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析名词词义的能力。四个选项都可以跟前面的动词lose 搭配。考生应抓住题干中关键信息“had a bad fall（重重地摔了一跤）”，不禁会产生疑问：怎么会摔了一跤呢？然后根据搭配l ose one’s balance“失去平衡”锁定正确答案。 2.【2015·湖北】22.He gave himself a new name to hide his ____ when he went to carry out the secret task. A.emotion B.talent C.identity D.treasure 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：他执行一项秘密任务时，给自己起了一个新的名字来掩盖身份。A项“情绪”；B项“才能”；C项“身份”；D项“财富”。故选C项。 【考点定位】名词词义辨析 【名师点睛】考生解答本题的关键是抓住题干中的关键词“secret task（秘密任务）”和“gave himself a new name（给自己取了个新名字）”，然后推知肯定是为了“hide his identity（掩藏身份）”，从而锁定正确答案。 3.【2015·安徽】30.There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some ______ and then let me know. A. thought B. support C. protection D. authority 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：现在没必要告诉我答案，你再思考一下，之后告诉我。A思考；B支持；C保护；D 权威，当局。这里指让对方再好好想想，故选A。 【考点定位】考查名词辨析 【名师点睛】本题考查名词辨析。该种题型要求学生积累一定的词汇量，四个词的意思分别是“思考”；“支持”；“保护”和“权威”；其次，做题时需要结合句意进行综合考虑。根据第一句和“and then let me know”可知，现在不急着告诉“我”答案，由此可知是让对方再想想。 4.【2015·江苏】3 5.—Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave. —I’d like to, but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my ______ . A. requests B. excuses C. apologies D. regrets 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：—Dave，去跟你的妈妈道歉。—我想这样做，但是我担心她对我的道歉不满意。A项“请求”；B项“借口”；C项“道歉”；D项“遗憾，后悔”。故选C项。 【考点定位】名词词义辨析 【名师点睛】本题侧重考查在情景交际中辨析名词词义的能力。语境较为简单，考生只要抓住上文中的关键词“say sorry to”就可以锁定正确答案。因此，考生可以试着将词汇放在日常的情景交际中进行操练，加强对词汇的语境理解，可以达到事半功倍的效果。 5.【2015·江苏】32.Some schools will have to make ______ in agreement with the national soccer reform. A. judgments B. adjustments C. comments D. achievements 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：为了与国家的足球改革相适应，一些学校必须做出调整。A项“判断，决断”；B项“调整”；C项“评价，评论”；D项“成就”。故选B项。 【考点定位】名词词义辨析 【名师点睛】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析名词词义的能力。四个选项都可以跟前面的动词make 搭配。因此，考生除了要充分利用特定语境理解词义，还应注意多积累可以跟同一动词搭配的名词。另外还可以利用固定搭配排除C项make本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析名词词义的能力。comments on“对……做出评价/评论”，缩小正确答案的范围。
高考英语阅读理解真题汇编(含答案) 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Mexico sites on an island plateau (高原) surrounded by volcanic peaks, which makes air quality a constant concern for people who live there. In April, the country took a decisive step toward improving air quality by enacting a temporary ban on private and Federal vehicles in the city. The rule forbids people from driving in the city one day each week and one Saturday each month. Electric vehicles, government service vehicles, public transport options and school buses are not included in the ban. Mexico City isn't the first urban center to be involved in car-free living. But the ban is more than an awareness-raiser. It was enacted with the direct aim of solving air pollution. In March, the city sank into a deep brown haze of smog when the pollution levels passed the 200 mark. The city ordered some 1.1m of the area's 4.7m cars off the streets and also offered free bus and subway rides. Mexico City's temporary vehicle ban raises questions about the best ways to improve urban air quality. India, whose citizens breathe some of the world's dirtiest air, has tried a variety of solutions. Earlier this year, the Indian government started a 4% sales tax on new-car purchases. Beijing also has experience with cleaning the air. The city introduced alternate-day rules in advance of the 2008 Olympic Games, which produced good results. And then there is the London congestion (拥挤) charge, introduced in 2003. The charge has had a measurable effect on air quality. For now, Mexico City — named by the United Nations as the most polluted city on the planet in 1992 — can look forward to the start of the region's rainy season, when daily showers will help lo clean the air. （1）How did Mexico ban vehicles in the city? A. By banning private and Federal vehicles one day a week. B. By forbidding private and public vehicles every Saturday. C. By limiting the number of new cars. D. By prohibiting the vehicles except public ones.（2）What did the government of Mexico do when carrying out the ban on vehicles? A. Raised the number of public vehicles. B. Offered free bus and subway rides. C. Introduced more travel options. D. Encouraged citizens to leave the city. （3）What may contribute to improving the air quality in Mexico? A. Alternate-day rules. B. Tax rises. C. Congestion charge. D. The rainy season.（4）What's the best title for the passage? A. Mexico —an Island Plateau B. A Variety of Bans on Vehicles in Mexico C. Should Cities Be Car-free Zones D. How to Improve Air Quality 【答案】（1）A （2）B （3）D （4）C
最新历年全国高考英语名词试题汇总及答案 一、单项选择名词 1．_________is Virginia Woolf’s most autobiographical novel, which develops a series of thoughts rather than a plot, centering on themes like women’s role in society, death and change. A．The Garden Party B．The Green Room C．To the Lighthouse D．Daisy Miller 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：《到灯塔去》是弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫最具自传体色彩的小说，它围绕女性在社会中的角色、死亡和变化等主题展开了一系列的思考而非情节的描写。A. The Garden Party《花园聚会》；B. The Green Room《候场室》；C. To the Lighthouse 《到灯塔去》；D. Daisy Miller《黛西·米勒》。由“Virginia Woolf”可知，Virginia Woolf是To the Lighthouse《到灯塔去》的作者。故选C项。 2．事故现场 Scenery:指某地总的自然景色或风景全貌。 Sight:既可以指场景、眼前看到的景观，多指人工的事物，又可以指名胜、风景，只是在表示后者的含义时，必须要用复数。 View:1.常指从远处或高处看到的scenery的一部分，有时可与scene互换。 2.视野=sight 3.观点跟opinion同义。 根据本句句意可知，D选项正确。 3．The broken window was the that the house had been broken into. A．evidence B．expression C．scenery D．function 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词。A. evidence证据； B. expression表达； C. scenery风景； D. function功能。句意：弄坏的窗户是这所房子被破门而入的证据。故选A。 4．It has been proved that there is a(n) ______ between smoking and certain diseases. A．connection B．description. C．expression D．concentration 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
精编高考英语阅读理解真题汇编180篇 （2014-2017） 1 (2017年北京卷) It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm, Eighth-grader Taylor Bisbee shivered(发抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The two didn‘t kn each other well — Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before. Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground,―Paris‘s eye rolled back,‖ Taylor says. ―She st was an emergency.‖ It certainly was, Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without immediate medical care, Paris would die. At first no one moved. The girls were in shock. Then the softball coach shouted out, ―Does anyone know CPR?‖ CPR is a life-saving technique. To do CPR, you press on the sick person‘s chest so that blood mov through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen the brain is damaging quickly. Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before. Still, she hesitated. She didn she knew it well enough. But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR, scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death,‖ says Taylor. 1. Two more ran to get the Taylor‘s swift action helped her teammates calm down. One girl called 91 school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic devices(器械) that can shock the heart back into work. Luck stayed with them: Paris‘ heartbeat returned. ―I know I was really lucky,‖ Paris says now. ―Most people don‘t survive this. My team s Experts say Paris is right: For a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.
高考英语阅读理解真题汇编及答案解析（11） 摘要：阅读理解题的“三步法”：1．略读。目的是了解短文的主旨大意和便于迅速掌握短文的语篇结构。2．查读。同学们要先通读题干，做到胸中有数；再将短文读第一遍，锁定某些特定信息进行快速阅读，迅速选出最佳答案；先易后难，先做细节题，后做推论题。3．重读短文重点。核查。同学们做题的关键是看清题目的要求，读准的关键是分清句子的结构和确认词性词义。 When Andrea Peterson landed her first teaching job,she faced the daunting task of creating a music program with almost no money for equipment or supplies in a climate where standards-based learning was the focus and music just provided a break for students and teachers. For her drive and creativity in overcoming those challenges,she’s been named national teacher of the year. Principal Waynes Kettler said he’s worked with many outstanding teachers in his22years as an educator,but Peterson is“just that one step above anybody I’ve ever worked with before.” Kettler and others at Monte Cristo Elementary School talk about the ways she has introduced the learning from other classrooms into her music program and her creativity in working around things such as the lack of money for new music. When students were reading S.E.Hinton’s novel The Outsiders in their regular classroom, Peterson helped them write a30-minute play with scenes from the book.Then they chose three Broadway tunes that focused no race,equality and social justice,the themes of the book.Peterson composed two other songs herself after classroom discussions about the play and the book. The honor means a lot to residents of Granite Foils.It’s inspiring to know that people from small towns own even win national honors. As national teacher of the year,Peterson will spend the next year outside the classroom, as a national and international spokeswoman for education. Not surprisingly,She is a big believe in the value of arts education.She said it’s essential for schools to offer classes such as art or music and physical education because for some kids one of those subjects is the only thing that motivates them to come back to school day after day. 65.The underlined word“daunting”in Paragraph1most probably means__________. A. discouraging B.interesting C.creative D.unbearable
2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（70） 阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 “Experience may possibly be the best teacher,but it is not a particularly good teacher.” You might think that Winston Churchill or perhaps Mark Twain spoke those words,but they actually come from James March,a professor at Stanford University and a pioneer in the field of organizational decision making. For years March(possibly the wisest philosopher of management)has studied how humans think and act,and he continues to do so in his new bookThe Ambiguities of Experience. He begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of experiential learning:“Experience is respected;experience is sought;experience is explained.” The problem is that learning from experience involves(涉及)serious complications(复杂化),ones that are part of the nature of experience itself and which March discusses in the body of this book. In one interesting part of the book,for example,he turns a doubtful eye toward the use of stories as the most effective way of experiential learning. In our efforts to make stories interesting,he argues,we lose part of the complicated truth of things. He says “The more accurately(精确地)reality is presented,the less understandable the story,and the more understandable the stor y,the less realistic it is.” Besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher,March is also a poet,and his gift shines through in the depth of views he offers and the simple language he uses. Though the book is short,it is demanding:Don’t pick it up lookin g for quick,easy lessons. Rather,be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life. 1. According to the text,James March is. A. a poet who uses experience in his writing B. a teacher who teaches story writing in university C. a researcher who studies the way humans think and act D. a professor who helps organizations make important decisions 2. According to James March,experience. A. is overvalued B. is easy to explain C. should be actively sought D. should be highly respected
【英语】历年全国高考英语代词试题汇总及答案 一、单项选择代词 1．— How much salt did you put in the soup? 一 Oh, sorry! . I forgot. A．Little B．Nothing C．None D．Few 【答案】C 【解析】 考查不定代词。A. Little少许；B. Nothing无事，无物；C. None没有任何东西；D. Few很少。上句：你在汤里放了多少盐？下句：我忘了放盐。也就是一点也没有，故选C。 2．— You seem busy these days. —Yes. I’m writing a story. You know, it’s really not easy to write ______ with attractive plots. A．this B．it C．one D．that 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：你近些天看起来很忙。是的，我在写故事，你知道，写一个有吸引力的情节的故事不容易。.it／one ／that三者均可用作代词,指代前面提到的名词.一般说来,it指代同名同物; one与that则指代同名异物.one与that虽可用来指代同名异物,但one为泛指,相当于a／an ＋名词; that为特指,相当于the ＋名词.所以one所指代的名词的修饰语一般为 a／an ／some ／any; that所指代的名词的修饰语往往是the ／this ／that。前面提到是a story，故选择C。 考点：考查it,one,that用法区别 3．Jack Ma, the founder and chairman of China’s Alibaba Group, has a $28.6 billio n fortune, ______making him the richest person in China. A．it B．one C．that D．which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 试题分析：考查代词。句意：中国阿里巴巴集团创始人兼董事长马云拥有286亿美元的财富，这使他成为中国首富。分析句子结构可知，此处用one代替前面的a $28.6 billion fortune，实际上是它的同位语，后面的making him the richest person in China.是现在分词作后置定语修饰one，注意此处不是非限定性定语从句，如果是非限定定语从句的话应该用makes而不是making，所以不能选which，故选B。 考点：考查代词 4．I’d appreciate ______ if you would pick me up at seven this evening. A．hat B．this C．it D．you
2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（144） （2016高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。 体裁：记叙文话题：日常生活词数：610时间：8′ I no longer run for the mail the way I used to.I remember, before the e-mail age, the sense of heightened expectation as the hour of mail delivery approached, wondering what slim, handwritten treasures would appear in my box.I once received a letter from a long-lost friend and was filled with such joy that I ran the mail carrier down and shook his hand, as if he had done a heroic deed in conveying the letter to me. Once a day.Six days a week.That was the rhythm.Through snow, rain, heat, and darkness of night.I first learned to love the mail as a young boy.The first thing I ever received that was personally addressed to me was from my friend Duane.We had been the fastest of 9-year-old friends.Then he moved away, to Massachusetts.The parting was difficult, but boys didn't cry. Within the week, however, there was a letter in my mailbox.It was from Duane, and it read, “I'm OK, but I miss you.” That first conveyance to me of a wr itten word from a great distance had all the import of the first Morse code message：“What hath God wrought.” It was at that moment that I became a letter writer, quickly discovering that the more letters I wrote, the more I received. I wrote letters through elementary school, high school, college, and beyond.It got to the point where I could comfortably expect to receive a letter a day.The daily mail delivery was, for me, like a beacon (灯塔) at sea—something toward which my thoughts began to move upon waking.What quickened my blood，of course, was the element of surprise: From whom would the letter be today? And what would the news be？And then，seemingly in the blink of an eye, the earth shifted.E-mail had arrived.Despite being attracted by the new technology, I promised myself that I would never stop writing letters by hand.However, I had no control over the tendency of others, and slowly, coldly, and then with quickened pace, the letters disappeared from my mailbox, having been replaced with electronic “messages” (a totally differe nt beast—in contrast to letters, all e-mails look alike)． And so, like a shipwrecked man filling notes into bottles, tossing them into the waves, and hoping for the best, I continue to write longhand, licking envelopes, sticking stamps, and handing my outgoing mail to the carrier who regards me with a curious eye, as if he is looking at the last member of a species which is dying