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Family menbers:NGF、BDNF、NT-3、NT-4/5。
Effections
survival of neurons
Preventing to death of neurons
neurogenesis Promote axons and dendrites growth.
பைடு நூலகம்
neurite
retograde, anterograde, autocrine, anterograde,
autocrine,
paracrine transmission.
paracrine transmission. acting
as ‘quick’ transmitter.
分 类
Neurotrophic Factors Neurotrophins
The life cycles of NTF
Release: Some NTFs, including BDNF and GDNF, were produced from immediate-early genes, therefore, their release was depend on active-dependent synthesis. The others were depend on their depolarization.
anterograde, autocrine, paracrine transmission.
NTF与神经递质的区别
NTF
Classical transmitters
Molecular weight
Synthesis
Storage
Large, >14kDa
producted in cell body large densecored vesicles
2) Difference molecular signaling pathway.
NTF
NP
The difference between of NTFs and nonpeptides:
NTFs are distinguished from many nonpeptide molecules, including steroid hormones, retinoic acid and neurotransmitters, that also can influence the growth and integrity of the nervous system.
Chap 16 Neurotrophic Factor 神经营养因子
History
It was known that extracellular signals can promote the growth and differentiation of nerve cells in more than half a century ago.
<1kDa
produced at the terminal
Synaptic vesicles
Release breakdown Signaling
Action
active-dependent synthesis. depolarization.
Low-frequency stimulation depolarization.
Promote neurite of axons and dendrites.
Anabolism Enhance the size of neuronal body.
differentiation Proteins are necessary for neuronal differentiation.
Signaling to many of the biologic effects
Actions
retograde, anterograde, autocrine,
paracrine transmission.
NP is produced in cell body
large densecored vesicles
Nerve growth factor (NGF) was first discovered by Bueker in 1948.
Rita Levi-Montalcini and Victor Hamburger demonstrated NGF is necessary for sympathetic and sensory neurons NGF to keep their survival.
Neurite (神经突起)
The effect of NGF on cultured spinal neurons
(Levi-Montalcini R. 1987. Science 237:1157)
Neuritic branch is described axon and dendrite. Especially, it is available for growing neurite which did not assured axon or dendrite.
electric stimulation, hyperpotassium caused
depolarization.
protease hydrolyzation
The binding G-protein couple receptor and the second messenger lead to the biologic effects.
NGF、BDNF、NT-3、NT-4 GDNF family
GDNF 、neurturin、persephin CNTF family
CNTF、LIF、IL-6 Ephrins EGF family
EGF, TGF, neuregulns2 Other growth factors
Insulin, IGF, FGF, PDGF interleukins and related cytokines
protease hydrolyzation, enshroud by incativationreceptor
reuptake, re-use,
the binding to Trk receptor lead to many of the biologic effects
The binding G-protein couple receptor and the second messenger lead to the biologic effects.
Breakdown: Broken down by membrane peptidases BDNF was detained by functional-inactive receptor and then its dispersion was baffled. Simultaneity the persistence-action window was also restricted.
R-PTKs
IL-IR coupled to PS/TK, R-PTK Coupled to JAK, Related to p753 R-PS/TRs
Other cytokines interferons (IFN, , ), m-CSF, gm-CSF
Chemokines CC chemokines (IL-8) CXC chemokines (MIP, MCP) CX3C chemokines (neurotactin)
Storage large densecored vesicles
Release
active-dependent synthesis. depolarization.
Breakdown
protease hydrolyzation, detained by inactivation-receptor
The binding to Trk receptor lead
The term of Neurotrophic factor
The term Neurotrophic Factor refers to any molecule that affects the nerves system by influencing the growth, differentiation, or cell cycles of neurons or glia.
The signaling failure of NTF may underlie neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson disease (PD), huntington disease (HD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-5,TNF, TNF TGF family TGF
Receptors Trk (R-PTKs) TrkA 、TrkB、TrkC1 Coupled to Ret GFR1、GFR2、 nu-known Coupled to Janus kinase(JAK ) GP130、CNTFR、LIFR Eph (R-PTKs) ErbB (R-PTKs)
The partnership of activation-synthesis results to NTFs high-complicated forms in intercellular information of neurons and glia.
Modes of intercellular communication subserved by NTF