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背景知识:
语气:谓语动词的一种形式,表示说话人的态度和意图.
分类:陈述语气(现实,符合事实)
祈使语气(说话人的建议,请求,命令,邀请)
虚拟语气(动作或状态不是事实,或者是不可能发生的情况,
而是说话人的一种愿望,建议,命令,假设或推测)
e.g. I am a student, so I study hard. 陈述
注2:错综时间条件句
如果虚拟条件主句和从句的动作发生的时间不一致,主句和从句的
谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选择适当的动词形式, 如:
If I were you, I would not have missed the film last
night.
(现在----过去)
If they had started in the early morning, they would arrive in half
“If I could… ,I would…. ” or
“If I were …,I would….”
二. 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法 (主,宾,表,同位)
1.宾语从句 a. wish+宾语从句,表示很难实现的愿望
现在 过去 将来
过去式(be动词用were)
过去完成时,或could/would +have done could/would +动词原形
A. was worried
B. should be worried.
4. The teacher insisted Tom ______ to Lily, but Tom insisted
3. If you had come yesterday, you would have met him.
=Had you come yesterday, you would have met him.
e.g. 如果你昨天问他了,你现在就知道该做什么了.
If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.
e.g. 1.我希望我是个科学家 2.我希望我昨天就把它完成了. 3.我希望我有一天能飞到月球上去.
1. I wish I were a scientist. 2. I wish I had finished it yesterday. 3. I wish I could fly to the moon one day.
I wish I could swim.
虚拟
Stand up!
祈使
If I were you, I would study hard. 虚拟
一.考点: 虚拟语气的 应用
非真实条件状语从句
名词性从句 含情态动词的虚拟句式 特殊句型
e.g. If it rains tomorrow, the sports meeting will be put off. If I had one million, I would buy the plane.
真实 非真实
二.命题规律
在阅读,完形和语法填空中对其进行隐形考查. 多结合情态动词的考查进行.
一.虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法
条件状语从句
与现在事实相反 动词过去式(did) (be动词一律用were)
主句
would should could +动词原形 might
与将来事实相反
a. did
b. should do c. were to do(正式)
Answers: 1.If I were you, I would study hard.
=Were I you, I would study hard.
2.If he failed/should fail his exam tomorrow, his father would get angry. =Should he fail his exam tomorrow, his father would get angry.
an hour.
(过去-----将来)
Oral practice(口语练习) What would you do if …
•If you were a famous person one day? •If you had one million? •If you could change one thing about yourself? •If you were the teacher?
c.有四类含义的动词后面的宾语从句常用(should) +动词原形 一个坚持: insist 两个命令:order, command 三个建议:suggest, advise, propose 四个要求:demand, desire, require, request
e.g. 1. 我建议这次会议推迟举行. 2. 这个老师命令男孩站起来.
与过去事实相反 had done
would should could +动词原形 might
would should could +have done might
Байду номын сангаас
注1:从句可以用倒装的形式,省略if,把had/were/should提前 Translate some sentences 1. 如果我是你,我就会努力学习的. 2. 如果他明天的考试不及格,他爸爸会生气的. 3. 如果你昨天来这的话,你就能见到他了.
b. would rather+宾语从句,表示“宁愿”
现在,将来 过去
过去式 过去完成时
e.g. 1. 我宁愿你明天和我一起去. 2. 我宁愿你昨天看见我了.
1.I would rather you went with me tomorrow. 2.I would rather you had seen me yesterday.
1. I suggest (that) the meeting (should) be put off.
2. The teacher ordered the boy (should) stand up.
注意:suggest表示“暗示”时,insist 表示“坚持认为”时不用虚 拟,用正常的语气。
3. The look on her face suggested she _____ about her son.