下载文档原格式
第二讲：形容词、副词—、【考点解读】小学阶段已经接触过大量的形容词，开始学习形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.)的用法及区别, 特别是比较等级的表达方式。
小朋友要初步掌握形容词和副词的区别，比较级最高级表达及运用，并且能够在句子中熟练运用它们。
二、【知识讲解】知识点1——形容词形容词定义是用来描述事物特征的词,如事物的大小，形状，颜色等;也可以用来陈述事物的状态。
主要修饰名词和代词。
1、形容词的句法作用(1)形容词+名词，作定语：a good girl (good作girl的定语)(形容词排列顺序参见《第一讲：名词》)(2)系动词+形容词，作表语：It is good. / It sounds great, (good/ great 表明it 的状态和性质)※部分表语形容词，只能位于系动词后面作表语，不能作定语eg : alone, alive, asleep, afraid, well, ill(3)动词+宾语+形容词，做宾语补足语：(make / keep/find...adj.)Robots can make humans lazy, (humans 是宾语，lazy 作宾*卜)What he said kept me calmer and calmer.All of us find English difficult.(4)形容词或词组，+句子/句子，+形容词或词组，做状语He arrived home, hungry and cold.(5)数量+表示长、宽、高、深、年龄等形容词(形容词后置)eg : two meters long, ten centimeters wide, twenty feet deep, 28 years old.(6)the+形容词，表示一类人，：the old老人the young年轻人the rich富人the poor 穷人※以上的这些词组表示的是复数，所以谓语动词用原形。
第十二讲形容词与副词一、千里之行始于词汇1)good/gud/adj.好的2)fine/fain/adj.健康的；美好的3)nice/'nais/adj.令人愉快的；宜人的4)great/greit/adj.美妙的；伟大的5)interesting/'intristiŋ/adj.有趣的6)boring/'bɔ:riŋ/adj.没趣的；令人厌倦的7)exciting使人兴奋的；令人激动的8)fun/fʌn/adj.有趣的；使人快乐的n.乐趣；快乐9)difficult/'difikəlt/adj.困难的10)relaxing adj.轻松的；令人放松的11)same/seim/adj.相同的12)easy/'i:zi/adj.容易的；不费力的13)healthy/'helθi/adj.健康的14)big/big/adj.大的；大号的15)small/smɔ:l/adj.小的；小号的16)short/ʃɔ:t/adj.短的；矮的17)long/lɔŋ/adj.长的18)busy/'bizi/adj.忙碌的；无暇的19)favorite/'feivərit/adj.n.(=favourite)特别喜爱的(人或事物)20)Chinese/'tʃai'ni:z/n.语文；汉语adj.汉语的；中国的21)free/fri:/adj.空闲的;免费的22)cool/ku:l/adj.妙极的；酷的23)useful/'ju:zful/adj.有用的；有益的24)funny adj奇怪的；滑稽好笑的25)clean 干净的26)far 远的27)new 新的28)afraid 害怕的；惧怕的29)sorry 抱歉的；难过的；惋惜的30)important 重要的31)quiet 安静的32)cute adj可爱的；机灵的33)lazy 懒散的；懒惰的34)smart adj 聪明的35)beautiful adj 美丽的；美好的36)scary adj吓人的；的37)shy adj 羞怯的；腼腆的38)young 幼小的,年轻的39)delicious .adj 可口的.美味的40)windy 多风的41)cloudy多云的42)sunny晴朗的43)bad坏的；糟的44)dry干燥的45)cold寒冷的；冷的46)hot热的47)warm温暖的48)hard努力地；困难的49)snowy下雪的50)rainy阴雨的；多雨的51)dirty 脏的52)noisy 吵闹的53)terrible 非常讨厌的；可怕的54)strict 严格的；严厉的55)curly卷曲的56)straight直的57)tall高的58)medium中等的59)thin瘦的60)heavy重的61)handsome英俊的62)special特色菜；特价品；特别的；特殊的63)large大号的；大的64)different不同的65)lucky幸运的66)popular受欢迎的；普遍的67)dark黑暗的；昏暗的68)natural自然的69)scared惊慌的二、重点短语集锦1)be strict with sb2)be strict in sth3)get popular受欢迎；流行4)be interested in5)be good at6)be good with7)be good for8)do well in9)keep healthy10)be busy with sth11)be busy doing sth12)be free13)be afraid of14)be afraid to do sth15)be sorry for16)be the same as17)be different from18)be quite19)jump high20)work hard三、形容词与副词1、形容词1) 修饰名词，描述其性质、品质、特征等的词。
(1) “A + be +形容词比较级+ than + B”意思为“A比B更……”。
如：My pen is cheaper thanyours . 我的笔比你的便宜。
Tom runs faster thanyou. 汤姆比你要跑得快。
(2) 进行选择性比较时，可用“which/ who+be+形容词比较级，A or B ?”表示“A和B中，哪一个/ 谁更……..?”。
如：Who is taller (tall), Lucy or Lily? 露西和丽莉谁更高？(3) “比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越……”如：It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes.春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。
(4) “the +比较级……, the+比较级......”，表示“越……越……”如：The more money you make, the more you spend.钱你赚得越多，花得越多。
温馨提示：a bit, a little, much, a lot, still, even 可修饰形容词或者副词的比较级。
Peter is much taller(tall) than Daming. 彼得比大明高得多。
(三) 最高级用法形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较，表示“最……”的意思。
句子中有表示范围的词或短语。
如：of the three, in our class等。
结构：(1) Who + be + the + 形容词最高级，A, B or C? 表示“ABC中谁最…..?”Who is the most beautiful (beautiful)girl, Lily, Lucy or Lingling?丽莉、露西和玲玲谁是最漂亮的？(2) Which + be + the + 形容词最高级，A, B or C? 表示“ABC中哪一个最…..?”Which bag is the heaviest(heavy), the yellow one, the red one or the black one？哪个包包最重，黄色的，红色的还是黑色的？(3) A + 谓语 + the + 形容词/副词最高级 + 表示范围的短语(of/ in…) .表示“A在哪一范围内是最…..?”如：He is the tallest (tall) in our class. 他在我们班里是最高的。
小升初英语总复习精讲精练之形容词&副词【精讲】小升初语法总复习词法部分的复习梳理已经过半，这几天我们再来复习一下形容词、副词以及情态动词和be动词。
这几部分考点相对集中，也比较容易理解。
今天我们来看一下形容词和副词。
之前我们在复习形容词性物主代词时说过，形容词的两个特性分别是：1、形容词修饰名词，且大部分修饰名词时放在名词前，如，beautiful flowers, a clever boy等；2、形容词翻译成汉语往往带有“的”，如“明亮的”，“崭新的”等。
那么小升初形容词考点有哪些呢？主要是以形容词的比较级和最高级为主。
什么是比较级？比较级就是两者之间进行比较，一个比另一个更……，通常句子中会出现关键词：than。
单音节和部分双音节形容词的比较级通常是在词尾+er，另一部分双音节和所有多音节形容词变为比较级则是在词前+more, 后接形容词原形。
详见下表：1、重读是根据单词音标中的重音符号[’]来确定的，单音节单词因为只有一个音节，所以肯定重读，双音节及多音节单词中有重读、次重读和轻读之分；2、闭音节：五个元音字母不发自己本身的音为闭音节；3、末尾只有一个辅音字母：单词词末的字母，不能出现元音字母，也不能出现辅音字母群。
以上三种情况同时出现，形容词变为比较级时，双写形容词本身最后的字母，再+er。
我们一起看几个例句：1、My room is smaller than his room.我的房间比他的房间小。
2、That boy is taller than his brother.那个男孩比他哥哥高。
3、This movie is more interesting than that one.这部电影比那部电影有趣。
说完比较级，我们再来说说形容词的最高级。
比较级是两者进行比较；而最高级是三者或三者以上进行比较，通常句子中会出现“in+范围”或“of+范围”。
单音节和部分双音节的形容词变为最高级时，通常在词尾+est ；另一部分双音节和多有多音节形容词变为最高级[注意]大家一定要牢记，最高级前面一定不能少定冠词the 。
小升初寒假专题-------- 形容词/副词知识点解析知识点梳理形容词的用法形容词是用来描写或修饰名词或代词的一类词，在句中用作定语、表语、补语和状语。
1. 通常修饰名词，放在名词前面，作定语成分；2. 放在系动词后面，作表语成分；（系动词通常有be; 五大感官类动词；turn；become; go等）注意：多个形容词放在一起时的顺序：限定词→数词→描述性形容词→大小、长短、形状的形容词→色彩形容词→类属形容词→表材料形容词+被修饰的名词（口诀：县官形令色国材）副词的用法副词是用以修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的词，表示时间、地点、方式、程度、疑问等概念。
1. 修饰动词或者动词词组，通常放在动词或者动词词组后面；2. 修饰形容词，表示程度；3. 放在句首，修饰整个句子形容词转为副词的方法1. 多数直接加上ly；2. 以y结尾，该y为i+留言；3. 以le结尾，去e + ly4. 不变(hard --- hard; fast --- fast; early -- early; late --- late)5. 特殊（good ---- well）形容词/副词在固定句式中的运用1. …..足够….以至于….. 主语+ be + adj. enough to do sth. (enough的用法，名词前；形容词后)2. ….太….以至于不能…..主语+ be + too + adj. to do sth.注意: 1. 并非所有的ly结尾的单词都是副词，比如lovely; daily; friendly; weekly这些词均由名词+ ly构成，名词+ ly 变成形容词2. hard的副词还是hard(切记：形容词转为副词，其中文含义不变)；而hardly为频率副词，含义是“几乎不”3. well 一词的特殊性；作为副词表达“好”；作为形容词，只表达“身体健康”拓展知识比较级用法（两者之间）1. 句子中有than(比)2. A or B, which is 比较级3. 有much; far; even修饰最高级用法（三者之间或三者以上）1. 句中有one of2. A, B, or C基础题练习一、写出系动词（至少6个）________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________二、将下列形容词变为副词1. happy ________________________2. slow______________________3. careful________________________4. quick____________________5. comfortable____________________6. angry___________________7. real ________________________ 8. terrible ________________________ 9. late ________________________ 10. early ________________________ 11. good ________________________ 12. hard_________________三、选择题( )1. He looks .A. happyB. happilyC. sadly( )2. Do you feel now ? Thanks , I’m Ok.A. goodB. wellC. badly( )3. My sister is to look after herself.A. old enoughB. enough oldC. older enough( )4. There isn’t to every student.A. book enoughB. books enoughC. enough books( )5. He is ill today. So he looks .A. tiredB. happilyC. sadly( )6. My brother doesn’t feel today.A. goodB. wellC. happily( )7. The food smells . I don’t like itA. goodB. badlyC. bad( )8. He writes very .A. carefulB. carefullyC. bad( )9. I study very .A. hardB. hardlyC. careful( )10. Our country is becoming _______.A. strongB. stronglyC. richly( )11. Is there in the newspaper?A. something newB. new anythingC. anything new( )12. There is with my bike. It works well.A. nothing wrongB. wrong somethingC. something wrong( )13. He speaks for me to understand.A. too slowlyB. slowly enoughC. enough slowly( )14. He runs to catch up with me .A. too fastB. quick enoughC. quickly enough四、用恰当的词填空1. My father feels ___________ (good) today.2. _________(happy), I passed the exam.3. My father looks ____________(angry).4. My father looks ______________(angry) at me.5. She did her homework very ______________(careful).6. Lily is ____________(care). And she does everything ______________(careful).7. Don’t drive _____________(quick) on rainy days.8. They gave us a _______________(warm) welcome.9. They welcome us _____________(warm).10. The fish taste very ____________(bad).11. The flowers smell _______________(sweet).12. Your ideas sound ________________(great).13. ___________(lucky), he wasn’t badly hurt in the car crash.14. He is _____________(bad) ill.15. There are many _______________(beautiful) flowers.提高题练习一、写出以下各形容词的比较级和最高级1. nice _________ _________2. fat _____ ________3. slow _______ ___________4. dry __________ _________5. happy ________ _________6. wet ________ ____________7. much _______ _________8. ill ________ _________9. little ________ __________ 10. bad _________ _________ 11. thin __________ _________ 12. far _________ ___________ 13. early _______ _________ 14. careful_________ _________ 15. exciting _____ ___________16. busy __________ ________二、根据单词的合适形式填空1. Fred is the _________________ (short ) in his class .2. My book is ____________ ( new ) than my sister’s .3. That piece of chicken is the _________________ ( heavy )in the fridge .4. Her rule is _________________(long), and it’s the __________________(long)of ours all .5. Is a fish ____________________(thin) than a bird ?6. A rose tree isn’t __________________( short ) than a pear tree .7. The leopard can run __________________( fast), but the cheetah can run ________________( fast) than it . It can run ___________________( fast ) in the world .8. Is she the ___________________(old ) woman in the world ?9. Which is __________________( big ), a dinosaur or a blue whale ?The blue whale is ____________________( big ) than a dinosaur , it is the __________________(big) animal in the world . And elephant is the ___________________(big) animal on land .10. My father leaves home __________________(early ) than me .11. This zoo is much __________________(good ) than the old one .12. My brother is much __________________(tall ) than my cousin .13. The shoe shop is ____________________(near) the park .14. This bag is very ___________________( heavy), but that one is __________________(heavy) than this one . It’s the ___________________( heavy) of all .15. Jiamin is __________________( tall ). But Yongxian is __________________( tall ) than him .三、单选题1. Lucy is very short, but she is __________ than her sister.A. shorterB. longerC. tallerD. older2. Sam is __________ at Chinese than Jim.A. goodB. wellC. betterD. gooder3. This one is too large. Can you show me a __________one?A. largerB. largeC. smallD. smaller4. —Do you think March is __________ than January?—Yes, it’s __________ warmer.A. better, a littleB. well, muchC. worse, veryD. nicer, quite5. His Frenc h isn’t so good as __________.A. herB. sheC. hisD. hers6. Her bag is newer than __________.A. mineB. myC. meD. I7. Lin Tao is younger than __________ boy in his class.A. any othersB. any otherC. the otherD. the others8. Which one is __________, this one or that one?A. goodB. badC. bestD. worse9. The weather in North China is colder than __________ in South China.A. \B. thisC. the oneD. that10. I think your room is __________ bigger.A. a lotB. a lot ofC. lots ofD. more11. She is only 2 years old. She is ________go to school.A. too young toB. young enough toC. enough young toD. too young not to12. The room is _____ to put down these things.A. large enoughB. enough largeC. enough bigD. too large13. Do you have ______ to buy the books? --- Yes. But I am too little _____ carry them.A. enough money; toB. money enough; not toC. enough money; / D/ money enough; to14. The room is big enough ____ me to live ____.A. for; inB. to; /C. for; /D. for; on15. She is one of ____________ in our class.A. the tallest studentB. tallest studentsC. the tallest studentsD. tall students基础题练习一、写出系动词（至少6个）feel; look; taste; smell; sound; be; seem二、将下列形容词变为副词略三、选择题ABACA BCBAA CABA四、用恰当的词填空1. well2. Happily3. angry4. angrily5.carefully6. careful; carefully7. quickly8. warm9. warmly 10. bad11. sweet 12. great 13. Luckily 14. badly 15. beautiful提高题练习一、写出以下各形容词的比较级和最高级1. nicer nicest2. fatter fattest3. slower slowest4. drier driest5. happier happiest6. wetter wettest7. more most 8. worse worst 9. little less least10. worse worst 11. Thinner thinnest 12. farther farthest13. earlier earliest 14. More careful most careful15. more exciting most exciting 16. busier busiest二、根据单词的合适形式填空1. shortest2. newer3. heaviest4. longer longest5. thinner6. shorter7. fast faster fastest8. oldest9. bigger; bigger; biggest; biggest 10. earlier 11. better 12. taller 13. nearer 14. heavy; heavier; heaviest 15. tall taller三、单选题CCDAD ABBDA AAAAC。
2012小升初英语语法：形容词和副词的比较
级
2012小升初英语语法：形容词与副词的比较级大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和级的变化，即原级、比较级和级，用来表示事物的等级差别。
原级即形容词的原形，比较级和级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
规则变化
单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和级。
构成法原级比较级级
一般单音节词tall(高的)tallertallest
未尾加-er，-estgreat(巨大的)greatergreatest
以不发音的e结尾nice(好的)nicernicest
的单音词和少数large(大的)largerlargest
以-le结尾的双able（有能力的)ablerablest
音节词只加-r，-st
以一个辅音字母big(大的)biggerbiggest
结尾的闭音节单hot热的)hotterhottest
音节词，双写结
尾的辅音字母，
再加-er，-est
“以辅音字母+y”easy(容易的)easiereasiest
结尾的双音节词，busy(忙的)busierbusiest
改y为i，再加
-er，-est
少数以-er，-owclever(聪明的)cleverercleverest 结尾的双音节词narrow(窄的)narrowernarrowest 未尾加-er，-est
其他双音节词和important(重要的)
多音节词，在前moreimportant
面加more，mostmostimportant
来构成比较级和easily(容易地)
级。
moreeasily
mosteasily。
