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2019届高三英语二轮复习专题二语法基础第六讲介词、介词短语练习掌握介词的基本意义，轻松应考Ⅰ示之以范 ____________________________________________________原则这样运用1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) ____________ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects su ch as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. as解析：此处表示“作为一种与心脏病作斗争的方法”，故填as“作为”。
2．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat ____________their hands.with解析：with“用(工具)……”，符合句意。
3．(2016·四川卷)The mother continued to care for the young panda ____________ more than two years.for解析：“for＋一段时间”作时间状语，表示“持续了一段时间”。
4．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Instead，I’d headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin，it’s only an hour away ____________ car and offers all the scenery of the betterknown city.by解析：乘坐交通工具常用by加可数名词的单数形式，by car“开车”。
入舵市安恙阳光实验学校专题四介词和介词短语基础巩固Ⅰ.单句填空1.(2018河南郑州一中六次测试)Most caves are formed nature under the ground, but some have entrances people can find.答案by 句意:大部分洞窟是在地下自然形成的,但有些洞窟的入口人们可以发现。
by nature为固定搭配,意为“天然地”,故填介词by。
2.(2018陕西榆林二中三模)With the Internet, parents cannot check a published guide to determine what is suitable their children to see.答案for be+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.为固定结构,故设空处填介词for。
3.(2018广东五校协作体一次联考)The brand was born in Wuzhen in 1848 and has been popular the distinctive taste of its duck products. 答案for 句意:该品牌于1848年诞生于乌镇,由于其鸭产品独特的味道而一直受欢迎。
设空处表示“原因”,故用介词for。
4.(2018福建龙岩2月质检)As Christmas is the most important festival in the West, some believe that it is similar the Spring Festival in China.答案to 句意:由于圣诞节是西方最重要的节日,因此一些人认为圣诞节与中国的春节相似。
be similar to为固定短语,意为“与……相似”。
5.It was about 300 or 400 years before the extra names gradually developed into last names, or surnames, and they were passed down generation to generation.答案from 句意:大约过了300或400年,这些额外的名字才逐渐成为姓氏。
2018年高考英语介词精讲一.概念:介词表示它后面的名词或相当于名词的其他结构与句中其他成分的关系.二.介词的分类1. 表示时间的介词：about, around, before, by, at, after, in, on, around, between, during, for, from, since, till, until, within2. 表示地点的介词：about, at, in, on, over, through, across, along, around, before, between, beyond, down, up, to, toward, under, near3. 表示方式的介词：by bus 乘公共汽车；see with one's own eyes 亲眼看...... write in ink 用墨水写...on foot 步行，徒步；He looked at me without expression. 他毫无表情地看着我。
4. 表示原因的介词：He was punished for stealing. 他因偷窃而被惩罚。
suffer from a cold 患伤风be ashamed of 因……而感到羞愧shake with cold 因寒冷而发抖5. 表示关于的介词：What is the book about? 这本书是关于什么内容的？（about关于一般情况）I heard him talk on Chinese medicine last night. 昨晚我听到他讲中国医学。
（on关于理论、学术）；a long story of adventure 一个长篇冒险故事6. 表示比较的介词：His face is as black as coal. 他的脸跟煤炭一样黑.He saw a number of small hard things like stones. 他看见一些像石头一样的小小的坚硬的东西。
介词与介词短语精讲精炼0345. Just use this room for the time being, and we’ll offer you a larger one _______it becomes availableA. as soon asB. unlessC. as far asD. until〖答案〗A〖考点〗本题考查状语从句连词辨析。
〖解析〗句意为“仅暂时使用此房间, 它一(as soon as可以正常使用, 我们就提供你一个大点的。
”46. — Our holiday cost a lot of money.—Did it? Well, that doesn’t matter______ you enjoyed yourselves.A as long asB unlessC as soon asD though〖答案〗A〖考点〗考查连词和具有连词作用的词组〖解析〗as long as只要 unless 除非否则 as soon as 一就 though虽然, 后一句为只要你玩的开心, 花多少钱就不重要。
47. Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients ______ name, not case number.A ofB asC byD with〖答案〗C〖考点〗考查介词〖解析〗方式方法可以用by也可以用with, by+ n(方式, with+修饰词+ n(工具.48. Mary made coffee ________ her guests were finishing their meal .A. so thatB. althoughC. whileD. as if〖答案〗C www.〖考点〗此题考查连词的用法。
〖解析〗句意:Mary做咖啡当她的客人们将要结束用餐的时候。
根据选项此题考查连词的用法。
so that译为“以便”表示目的, although译为“尽管, 虽然”, as if译为“好像”, while译为“当….的时候”, 因此while符合句意, 选择C。
精品基础教育教学资料，仅供参考，需要可下载使用！重难点分析介词又叫前置词，是一种虚词。
不能单独作句子成分，必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语，在句中充当一个成分，表示人、物、事件等与其他人、物、事件等之间的关系。
介词短语在句中可作定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。
一、介词从结构上分类一览表二、主要介词的区别1. 表示时间的at, in, onat表示片刻的时间。
如：at 8 a.m.。
常用词组有：at dawn, at dusk, at noon, at night, at midnight, at the end of, at that time, at the moment, at Christmas, at New Year等。
in表示一段时间。
如：in the morning/afternoon/evening, in October, in 2008, in the 21st century, in summer, in the past, in the future, in five days等。
on指具体的或特定的日子。
如：on Monday, on Christmas Eve, on May Day, on a warm morning, on September 12th, on that day等。
2. 表示时间的for, since与fromfor后接时间段的名词词组，表示行为状态持续了多久。
如：Mr. Brown lived in that little village for nearly thirty years. 布朗先生在那个小山村住了差不多30年。
since后接过去某一时间点，表示“自从……以来”，常与现在完成时、现在完成进行时连用。
如：We haven’t seen each other since 2005. 自从2005年以来，我们彼此没见过面。
from“自……起”，可与多种时态连用。
2018届二轮复习高考英语全国卷介词考点分析自2014年全国卷开始采用考语法填空以来，四年10套全国卷中，涉及介词的考点共17题，每年每套题考查1到2小题。
考查的重点是固定搭配中的介词，17个中占12个。
具体考点有：考点1：固定搭配1.(2016年全国Ⅰ卷) …he never dreams becoming rich… (dreams后加of 或about)2.(2014年全国Ⅱ卷) …sit by the lake listening music. (listening后加to)3.(2016年全国Ⅰ卷)But my connection with pandas goes back ________ my days… (to)4.(2017年全国Ⅲ卷) After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree ________ engineering or architecture. (in)5.(2015年全国Ⅰ卷)Fo r those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away __________ car… (by)6.(2015年全国Ⅱ卷) __________the same time, they warm up again for the night. (At)7.(2014年全国Ⅱ卷) When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board.I got a placenext __________ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. (to)8.(2017年全国Ⅰ卷) It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just inthe middle on the road. (of)9.(2015年全国Ⅰ卷) …on the development of industrialization… (with)10.(2014年全国Ⅰ卷) …with the help by our father… (of)11.(2016年全国Ⅱ卷)Most of us are more focused ________our tasks in the morning… (on)12.(2017年全国Ⅱ卷) … and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and ________ work. (from)13.(2013年全国Ⅰ卷) …a beard that turned from black towards gray… (towards改为to)考点2：常用介词1.(2017年全国Ⅰ卷) This trend, which was started by the medical community (医学界) ____61____a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease… (as)2.(2016年全国Ⅲ卷)In India, most people traditionally eat ________ their hands. (with)3.(2015年全国Ⅱ卷)Tony saw a toy on a shop window. (in)4.(2012年全国Ⅰ卷)No more toys to you. (for)5.(2011年全国Ⅰ卷)Luckily, I had all my money on my pocket… (in)考点3：及物动词后多用介词1.(2017年全国Ⅲ卷) When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies. (删除realize后的of)2.(2017年全国Ⅱ卷) They have also bought for some gardening tools. (删除for)3.(2011年全国Ⅰ卷)…he lent to me lots of clothes. (删除to)附录：高考英语介词知识点介词的英语全称为“preposition”由“前缀pre-（在……前部）+position（位置）”构成的，所以又叫前置词。
第六讲介词、介词短语掌握介词的基本意义，轻松应考Ⅰ示之以范 ____________________________________________________原则这样运用1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) ____________ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects su ch as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. as解析：此处表示“作为一种与心脏病作斗争的方法”，故填as“作为”。
2．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat ____________their hands.with解析：with“用(工具)……”，符合句意。
3．(2016·四川卷)The mother continued to care for the young panda ____________ more than two years.for解析：“for＋一段时间”作时间状语，表示“持续了一段时间”。
4．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Instead，I’d headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin，it’s only an hour away ____________ car and offers all the scenery of the betterknown city.by解析：乘坐交通工具常用by加可数名词的单数形式，by car“开车”。
5．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies.____________________去掉第二个of解析：realize是及物动词，其后直接跟宾语，of多余。
6．(2017·广东七校第二次联考)In October 1st, I went to Tian’anmen Square with my parents, where we watched the flagraising ceremony.____________________In→On解析：考查介词。
介词on表示在具体的某一天。
Ⅱ通关点击 ____________________________________________________原则这样解读1．at, in, on表示时间(1)at表示某一时刻at12：00(在12点)，at noon(在中午), at night(在夜里), at midnight(在半夜), at dawn/daybreak(在黎明，破晓), at sunrise/sunset(在日出/日落), at dusk(在黄昏)。
(2)in指上午、下午及晚上或月、年等较长的时间in the 1980’s/1980s, in the Qing Dynasty, in October, in the morning/afternoon/evening。
(3)on用于表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间(如：某日、某节日、星期几等)on Oct ober 1st, on a rainy day, on National Day，on the morning of July 3rd。
2．by, before, after, until/till, during, within表示时间(1)by指“到……时(为止)”(2)before“在……以前”(3)after“在……后”(4)until/till指“直到……为止”(5)during“在……期间”(6)within“在……之内”He often falls asleep during the class, which makes his teacher very angry.他常常上课睡觉，这使他的老师很生气。
3．between, among表示“在……之间”between指“在……之间(两者之间)”，常和and连用；among表示“在……之间(三者或三者以上)”。
Keep the close relationship between teachers and students.保持亲密的师生关系。
4．by, in, on, with表示“使用……工具、手段、方式等”(1)by表示“乘，坐(交通工具)”或“通过……方式”；(2)in当“用”讲时，后常接表示语言、材料等的词；(3)with表示使用某种具体的工具、手段等。
①by bike, by taxi, by plane, by ship②go to school on my bike, on foot③Her parents always talk to her in German.她的父母总是用德语和她交谈。
④We see with our eyes, hear with our ears, and walk with our legs. 我们用眼睛看，用耳朵听，用腿走路。
5．about, on表示“关于”about多用于表示内容比较普通、不太正式的情形，on多指内容属于专门性的，是严肃的或学术性的，有时两者可通用。
He gave a report on/about the international situation at the meeting.他在会上做了一个关于国际形势的报告。
6．from, since表示时间(1)from表示开始的时间，译为“从……开始”，多用于“from...to/till”结构中；(2)since表示“自……以后，从……以来”。
We work from Monday to Friday every week.我们每周从周一工作到周五。
I haven’t heard from him since last year.自从去年，我就没有收到过他的来信。
7．with的常见用法(表示关系)和……一起；(表示状态)具有，带有；(表示方式)用……，凭借……；(表示原因)由于，因为。
Would you like to go to the theatre with us?你愿意和我们一起去看戏吗？The small child trembled with fear.那个小孩吓得打哆嗦。
8．for的用法表示“为了；给，对(表示对象、用途等)；因为，由于；向，往(表示去向)；就……而言”。
The biggest concern for most of us is the quality of public education. 我们大多数人最关心的是大众教育的质量问题。
9．without的用法表示“没有，缺乏；不和……在一起；不用，不拿，不带”。
It is a pity that David is away on business. Anyhow, you’ve got a great deal of time to tour in New York without him. 很遗憾，大卫出差了。
不管怎样，你有大量时间可以单独在纽约游览。
10．against的用法(表示方位)倚靠着……；(表示态度)反对；(表示对比)以……为背景。
An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are against it. 看来意见达成一致是不可能了，因为大多数委员会成员都表示反对。
11．beyond的用法(表示位置)在……另一边，在……更远处；(表示程度)超出，非……所能及。
Everybody was touched beyond words after they heard her moving story.听了她感人的故事，大家都被感动得无以言表。
介词用法不算难，固定搭配记心间Ⅰ示之以范 ____________________________________________________原则这样运用1．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Most of us are more focu sed ____________ our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.on解析：be focused on意为“集中于……”，为固定搭配。
2．(2016·天津卷)Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she gave voice ____________ her opinion on the subject.to解析：give voice to意为“表达，吐露，发泄”，为固定短语。
3．(2016·天津卷)I hate it when she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to carry ____________ a conversation with her.on解析：carry on“继续进行，从事”，为固定短语。
4．(2017·昆明质量检测)A lack ____________ water can lead to health problems such as headaches, poor physical performance, and even more serious problems.of解析：考查固定搭配。
a lack of为固定搭配，意为“缺乏”。
5．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle sa ys that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time.____________________dreams后加of解析：dream of doing sth.“梦想做某事”，为固定用法。
