大工16秋《水利水能规划》在线作业2满分答案

大连理工大学智慧树知到“水利水电工程”《水利工程概论》网课测试题答案（图片大小可自由调整）第1卷一.综合考核(共15题)1.抽水蓄能电站既是良好的调峰电源又具有电网调度上的高度灵活性。

()A.错误B.正确2.坝式水电站主要适合于河道坡度()，流量()的河段。

A.较缓，较大B.较缓，较小C.较陡，较大D.较陡，较小3.生态学是研究()相互关系的科学。

A.生物有机体与周围环境B.生物无机体与周围环境C.生物有机体与无机物D.以上都不对4.场地地震危险性评价中首先要认识到地震是个有规律非随机的过程。

()A.正确B.错误5.低压区的空化水流流经下游高压区时，空泡遭受压缩而溃灭，产生很高的局部冲击力。

如果溃灭发生在过水坝面附近，局部冲击力大于材料的内聚力时，坝面遭到破坏，称为()。

A.空化B.空蚀C.水流脉动D.掺气6.地震危险性分析首先应进行()。

A.地震波段的划分B.潜在地震振幅的确定C.强震记录的统计D.潜在震源区的划分7.重力墩式码头具有下列哪些特点?()A.对地基要求比较低B.需要大量的砂石料C.当水深浪大时施工较困难D.易于在水深浪大时施工8.香港大屿山赤蹋角新国际机场占地1275公顷，四分之三为填海而成，是世界上最新建造的最大的海上机场。

()A.错误B.正确9.我国大陆发生的地震多属于板外地震。

()A.正确B.错误10.在地震工程的深化阶段，地震动参数估计的深化、地震危险分析从半经验性统计向理论模拟转化。

()A.错误B.正确11.大连港矿石码头由于其泊位空间小，不能同时接卸两条大型矿船。

()A.错误B.正确12.中线工程控制进度的主要因素是丹江口库区移民和总干渠工程中的穿黄河工程。

()A.正确B.错误13.《抗震规范》提示了抗震设防目标主要有()。

A.小震不坏B.余震可防C.中震可修D.大震不倒14.龙卷风的水平尺度很大，近地层直径可达几百公里，空中直径一般为1-2公里或几百米。

()A.错误B.正确15.下列有关深水码头导管框架结构说法正确的是()。

《水利水能规划》一、判断题1在年径流分析计算中，由于采用无偏估计公式计算参数，从而减小了年径流系列的抽样误差。

A错误B正确我的答案：A2要准确地定出特大洪水的重现期是相当困难的，目前，一般是根据历史洪水发生的年代来大致推估。

A错误B正确我的答案：B3灌溉水库死水位的确定时，主要考虑自流灌溉的要求，其他方面可不考虑。

A错误B正确我的答案：A4径流具有周期性。

A错误B正确我的答案：B5调节性能与库容的对应关系为周期越短，调节性能越好，相应的库容也越大。

A错误B正确我的答案：A6洪峰径流系数与次降雨径流系数的含义相同。

A错误B正确我的答案：A7当库水位超过设计洪水位时，必须启用非常溢洪道。

A错误B正确我的答案：A8水库不同的运用方式，要求闸门有不同的启闭过程。

A错误B正确我的答案：B9经验频率曲线由实测资料绘制而成。

A错误B正确我的答案：B10分期设计洪水是指一年中某个时段所拟定的设计洪水。

A错误B正确我的答案：B二、单选题1随机变量所有取值的全体称为（）。

A总体B样本C均值D均方差我的答案：A2水文分析与计算，是预计水文变量在( )的概率分布情况A任一时期内B预见期内C未来很长很长的时期内D某一时刻我的答案：C3我国最大的三峡水力发电工程的装机容量为（）万千瓦。

A1680B1720C1820D1960我的答案：C4根据我国在一定时期内的投资收益水平、资金机会成本、资金供求状况以及最近几年建设项目国民经济评价的实际情况，现在采用的社会折现率为（）Ais=12%Bis=15%Cis=20%Dis=10%我的答案：A5水文现象中，大洪水出现机会比中、小洪水出现机会小，其频率密度曲线为（）。

A负偏B对称C正偏D双曲函数曲线我的答案：C三、多选题1国民经济评价的费用和效益的动态经济计算采用（）。

A影子价格B机会成本C价格核算D社会折现率我的答案：DA2设计洪水的三要素包括下列（）。

A设计洪峰流量B不同时段的设计流量C设计洪水过程线D设计洪水历时我的答案：CAB3属于国民经济评价内容的有（）A防洪效益B水力发电效益C航运效益D建设项目销售收入我的答案：ABC4电力系统装机容量中的必需容量，不包括下列（）。

大工13秋《水利水能规划》在线作业2答案100分大工13秋《水利水能规划》在线作业2判断题单选题多选题一、判断题（共 10 道试题，共 40 分。

）1. 资料的可靠性审查重点放在观测与整编质量较好的年份，包括水位观测、流量测验、水位流量关系等。

A. 错误 B. 正确-----------------选择：A2. 洪水分期划分原则：尽可能根据不同成因的洪水，把全年划分为若干分期。

分期不宜过短，一般以不短于1个月为宜。

A. 错误 B. 正确-----------------选择：B3. 要准确地定出特大洪水的重现期是相当困难的，目前，一般是根据历史洪水发生的年代来大致推估。

A. 错误 B. 正确-----------------选择：B4. 在河流上兴建水库，目的在于兴利除害。

A. 错误 B. 正确-----------------选择：B5. 历史最大洪水加成法对未来洪水超过历史最大洪水的可能性考虑不足，降低了工程的安全程度。

A. 错误 B. 正确-----------------选择：B6. 设计洪水过程线是指具有某一标准的洪水过程线。

A. 错误 B. 正确-----------------选择：B7. 分期设计洪水是指一年中某个时段所拟定的设计洪水。

A. 错误 B. 正确 -----------------选择：B8. 水库面积特性是指水库水位与水面面积的关系曲线。

A. 错误 B. 正确-----------------选择：B9. 在洪水资料审查中，样本的代表性要求洪水系列长20～30年，并有特大洪水加入。

A. 错误B. 正确-----------------选择：B10. 校核洪水来临时，水库枢纽的某些正常工作可以暂时破坏，次要建筑物允许损毁，但主要建筑物必须确保安全。

A. 错误 B. 正确-----------------选择：B大工13秋《水利水能规划》在线作业2判断题单选题多选题二、单选题（共 5 道试题，共 30 分。

大工19秋《水利水能规划》在线作业2-0001试卷总分:100 得分:100一、判断题 (共 10 道试题,共 40 分)【题目】为了充分利用水能资源，无调节水电站应该尽可能承担电力系统的基荷。

正确的选择是:正确【题目】确定水库的防洪标准原则上必须从工程投资和防洪效益两个方面考虑。

正确的选择是:正确【题目】资金具有时间价值。

正确的选择是:正确【题目】研究3个或3个以上变量的相关关系称为复相关。

正确的选择是:正确【题目】当库水位超过设计洪水位时，必须启用非常溢洪道。

正确的选择是:错误【题目】当正常高水位一定时，兴利和防洪结合库容的大小取决于死水位。

正确的选择是:错误【题目】当水利方案的效益基本相同时，应选择其中费用现值较大的方案。

正确的选择是:错误【题目】同倍比法不能同时满足设计洪峰、设计峰量具有相同频率。

正确的选择是:正确【题目】在洪水资料审查中，样本的代表性要求洪水系列长20～30年，并有特大洪水加入。

正确的选择是:正确【题目】水资源是指可资利用或有可能被利用的水源，这种水源应当有足够的数量和可用的质量，并在某一地点为满足某种用途而得以利用。

正确的选择是:正确二、单选题 (共 5 道试题,共 30 分)1【题目】无调节水电站在任何时刻的出力主要决定于河中天然流量的大小。

因此，无调节水电站一般应担任系统日负荷图的（）。

A.腰荷B.峰荷C.基荷D.以上都可以正确的选择是:C1【题目】河川径流的时程分配，一般是按（）径流分配比来表示。

A.每年B.小时C.各月D.各天正确的选择是:C1【题目】水库的蒸发损失是指库区的（）。

A.陆面蒸发B.水面蒸发C.水面与陆面蒸发之差D.水面与陆面蒸发之和正确的选择是:C1【题目】中等流域的年径流Cv值一般较邻近的小流域的年径流Cv值（）。

A.相等B.小C.大D.不确定正确的选择是:B1【题目】工业及城市民用供水若遭到破坏将直接影响人民生活的便利并可能造成工业生产上的严重损失，所以一般按年取值的供水设计保证率范围为（）。

大工20秋《水利水能规划》在线作业2
水文频率计算中配线时，随着Cv的增大，频率曲线显得越来越陡。

选项【A】:错误
选项【B】:正确
正确选项：B
水利工程中经济计算的基准年只能选择在施工期的第一年。

选项【A】:错误
选项【B】:正确
正确选项：A
洪水调节的瞬态法比较简便，宜于手算。

选项【A】:错误
选项【B】:正确
正确选项：B
坝式水电站水头相对小，投资小，工期短。

选项【A】:错误
选项【B】:正确
正确选项：A
同倍比法不能同时满足设计洪峰、设计峰量具有相同频率。

选项【A】:错误
选项【B】:正确
正确选项：B
资金是动态的，具有时间价值。

选项【A】:错误
选项【B】:正确
正确选项：B。

大工16秋《水利水能规划》大作业及要求答案Big work 16 autumn "water conservancy and hydropower planning" major operations and requirements answerJob contentTitle: time series method for calculating favorable reservoir capacityLearning center:Major:Year: Spring / autumnStudent number:Student：Tutor:1 basic knowledge1.1 regulation of reservoir profitExcept for non regulated water conservancy and hydropower projects that can only supply natural runoff water, all of them can adjust the storage capacity to a certain extent.The relation between regulation performance and reservoir capacity: the longer the cycle, the better the regulationperformance and the larger the storage capacity.1, according to the adjustment cycle points:(1) daily regulation: the regulation period of daily regulation is one day and four days. That is to say, the daily water demand of reservoir will be adjusted by the daily water demand of the water sector. Daily variation of power load.(2) weekly adjustment: the regulation cycle of the week adjustment is one week, and the inflow runoff which is not changed within a week is adjusted according to the water demand process of the water sector. The weekly variation of power consumption in a period of time.(3) annual adjustment: the annual runoff of inland rivers has changed greatly, and the water supply during the rainy season and the dry season is very different. The task of regulating the annual runoff is to store and increase the surplus water during the flood season in accordance with the annual domestic water demand process in the water sector, so as to increase the water supply during the water shortage period, and the regulation cycle is less than one year. According to the variation of the abundance and drought in the runoff, the regulation of the abundance and deficiency of the seedlings was carried out.(4) adjustment over many years: the task of regulating runoff for many years is to utilize the storage capacity of the reservoir to save the surplus water in the year of the flood so as to increase the water supply in the dry season. For manyyears, the drought and flood change year by year.2, according to reservoir task points(1) single task streamflow regulation;(2) comprehensive utilization of runoff regulation;3, according to the reservoir water supply mode(1) fixed water supply;(2) variable water supply;4. Other classifications(1) reverse regulation reservoir: the downstream reservoir is adjusted again according to the demand of water.(2) compensation adjustment of a single reservoir: mutual compensation between reservoir and downstream water supply.(3) adjustment of reservoir group compensation: hydrology, storage capacity and power compensation.1.2, the concept of regulatory cycleConstruction of the so-called regulatory cycle, refers to the reservoir capacity of the reservoir, from storage to full storage and then emptying of the complete storage process. The longer regulation period, the better regulation performance ofreservoir and the corresponding storage capacity.1.3 hour calendar method1, according to the water use process to determine reservoir benefit storage capacityKnown: natural runoff, dead storage capacity, according to the requirements of water to facilitate the storage capacity and facilitate the settlement of water storage.(1) annual adjustment calculation process without water loss:Determine the regulatory cycle: usually in October of that year, second years, June;The difference between water demand and natural runoff was calculated monthly from 10 to June;The accumulated difference is the favorable reservoir capacity and the advantageous reservoir position;Returning to the beginning of the flood season, the reservoir will be stored, discharged and abandoned.Determine the water level of the downstream section according to the discharge.(2) annual adjustment calculation process of water loss (considering water evaporation loss):Use of water loss calculation results;Determine the water area of each period;Calculate the evaporation loss at each period;The difference between the amount of water supply + evaporation loss and natural runoff is calculated monthly;The difference between the accumulated traffic;Determine the reservoir capacity and profit and fill water level, and determine the reservoir operation process.Summary and induction:The greater the difference between runoff and water use, the greater the storage capacity;Under the condition of one charge and storage, the sum of the water shortage and the loss amount accumulated during the whole water supply period, that is, the favorable storage capacity is independent of the amount of water allocated within each month;The total adjustment water quantity in water supply period is converted into flow, and then is adjusted by the average runoff for many years, and the adjustment coefficient is obtained to reflect the regulating performance.2, according to the favorable reservoir capacity to determinethe flow adjustmentAccording to the two calculation methods: the annual adjustment process of water loss and the annual adjustment process of water loss loss can be seen:(1) if the water loss is not considered, adjust the flow rate = (W for +V Xing), /T supply(2) if water loss is consideredAdjust flow = = W (W, +V, /T)(3) the storage capacity factor B=V is /W and the average annual rate is 830%;Over more than 30% years to adjust.3, according to the reservoir capacity and reservoir operation plan, the reservoir operation process is deduced:Constant flow operation: irrigation, water supply, shipping, etc., actual demand.Constant power operation: in order to meet the requirement of power consumption, the water quantity of hydropower station should be adjusted to the change of load.Because the output is related to the flow rate and the head, and the flow is related to the head, the calculation of the output is calculated by trial calculation.2 calculate content2.1 calculation dataAccording to the basic data given, the calculation process is described in detail.The average annual discharge of the dam site of a proposed reservoir is annual average water inflow. According to the design guarantee rate = 90%, the selected design low flow year hydrograph is shown in table 1. The initial storage capacity. Try to calculate the regulated flow rate (excluding water loss) and the adjustment factor.Table 1 monthly flow data sheet for designing low flow yearAverage of 789101112123456 years in MarchMonthly average flow ()294824167644875413.52.2 determine reservoir regulation performanceAccording to the basic data, the reservoir regulation performance is determined, and the calculation process and final results are described in detail.2.3 determine the regulated flowAccording to the basic data for flow adjustment calculation, detailed description of the calculation process and final results.2.4 adjustment factorAccording to the basic data given adjustment coefficient calculation, detailed description of the calculation process and final results."Water conservancy and hydropower planning offline operation" course learning requirementsI. the form of curriculum assessmentThe assessment of this course is offline, with online homework. The final course results include 80% offline homework scores and +20% online assignments. Offline jobs and requirements are downloaded from the offline homework module of the course.Two, offline job requirementsStudents need to download the "big 16" autumn "planning of water conservancy and hydropower operations and requirements in platform offline operation, watch the course video courseware, courseware based on knowledge and theory, fill in the" big 16 "autumn" planning of water conservancy and hydropower operations and requirements, and submit to the course platform, off-line homework as one of the main basis for the submission of course assessment.Three, offline job submission form and deadlineStudents need to submit an offline job in the form of an attachment (the size of the attachment is limited to 10M), select the completed job, and click "turn in". As shown in the following figure.Deadline: March 7, 2017. Prior to this, students can submit offline work at any time. If you need to modify, you can upload new files directly. The platform will automatically overwrite the original file.Four, offline operation markingThe teacher will be in operation after the closure of centralized marking offline operation, the offline operation is not carried out before the deadline to submit any form of marking.Matters needing attention：Complete the offline operation independently, allowed plagiarism or ask someone to do, any similarity scores to 0!School of network education, Dalian University of TechnologyNovember 2016。

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (判断题) 1: 通常所说的水资源是指逐年可以得到恢复补给的淡水。

A: 错误B: 正确正确答案:(判断题) 2: 历史最大洪水加成法对未来洪水超过历史最大洪水的可能性考虑不足，降低了工程的安全程度。

A: 错误B: 正确正确答案:(判断题) 3: 水利上的水文年和日历年是一致的。

A: 错误B: 正确正确答案:(判断题) 4: 月降雨量与月径流量之间的关系一般较差。

A: 错误B: 正确正确答案:(判断题) 5: 分期设计洪水只适应于溢洪道有闸门的水库。

A: 错误B: 正确正确答案:(判断题) 6: 兴利调节计算是根据水量平衡原理进行的。

A: 错误B: 正确正确答案:(判断题) 7: 一场降雨洪水的径流深为这场洪水流经流域出口断面的流域平均水深，常由实测的洪水资料来推求。

A: 错误B: 正确正确答案:(判断题) 8: 按人口平均的国民收入，可以综合反映社会生产力的发展水平。

A: 错误B: 正确正确答案:(判断题) 9: 在洪峰与各时段洪量的相关分析中，洪量的统计历时越短，则峰量相关程度越高。

A: 错误B: 正确正确答案:(判断题) 10: 划定分期洪水时，应对设计流域洪水季节性变化规律进行分析，并结合工程的要求来考虑。

A: 错误B: 正确------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 正确答案:(单选题) 1: 中国人均水资源占有量约为世界人均占有量的（）。

大工19秋《水利水能规划》在线作业1在同一地区，通常大流域洪峰系列的Cv值比小流域洪峰系列的Cv值要小。

A.错误B.正确正确答案:B水文分析计算中,相关分析的先决条件是两变量在物理成因上不必有联系。

A.错误B.正确正确答案:A调节性能与库容的对应关系为周期越短，调节性能越好，相应的库容也越大。

A.错误B.正确正确答案:A同倍比法不能同时满足设计洪峰、设计峰量具有相同频率。

A.错误B.正确正确答案:B设计年径流成果合理性分析中，可将设计年径流量直接与多年平均径流深等值线图比较，借以说明此设计年径流量的合理性。

A.错误B.正确正确答案:A矩法就是用样本矩估计总体矩，并通过矩与参数之间的关系，来估计频率曲线的参数的方法。

A.错误B.正确正确答案:B洪水调节的瞬态法比较简便，宜于手算。

A.错误B.正确正确答案:B水文频率计算中配线时，随着Cv的增大，频率曲线显得越来越陡。

A.错误B.正确正确答案:B对已建成的水利工程也需要进行经济评价。

A.错误B.正确正确答案:B我国最大的三峡水力发电工程的装机容量为1820万千瓦。

A.错误B.正确正确答案:B中国水资源总量排世界第（）位A.4B.5C.6D.7正确答案:C对设计流域自然地理、水利化措施历年变化情况调查研究的目的是（）。

A.检查系列的一致性B.检查系列的可靠性C.检查系列的代表性D.检查系列的长短正确答案:A一张未到期的1万元票据（5年后的期票），现作为现金收付手段，年贴现率i=10%，问现在能从银行取得的现金为（）元。

A.12500B.16105C.6209D.3791正确答案:C工业及城市民用供水若遭到破坏将直接影响人民生活的便利并可能造成工业生产上的严重损失，所以一般按年取值的供水设计保证率范围为（）。

A.80%-85%B.85%-90%C.90%-95%D.95%-99%正确答案:D电力负荷在一昼夜内的变化过程线称为（）。

A.日负荷图B.年负荷图C.最小负荷图D.最大负荷图正确答案:A相关法展延系列时要求（）。