latrobe 大学international trade 样题

大学国际贸易学考试(习题卷25)第1部分：单项选择题，共56题，每题只有一个正确答案,多选或少选均不得分。

1.[单选题]信用证规定汇票必须“pay to our order”，汇票的收款人应该是（ ）的指定人。

A)受益人B)申请人C)开证行D)通知行答案:C解析:2.[单选题]If the L/C simply stipulates an expiry date without a shipment date, it means that（?）.A)two dates are not the sameB)two dates are the sameC)shipment date is earlier than expiry date.D)expiry date is earlier than shipment date答案:B解析:3.[单选题]信用证严格相符原则是指受益人必须做到( )A)单证严格与合同相符B)单据和信用证严格相符C)信用证与合同严格相符D)单据和单据相符,单据和信用证严格相符答案:D解析:4.[单选题]修改信用证应由（ ）办理A)开证申请人B)开证行C)受益人D)议付行答案:A解析:5.[单选题]Risk of breakage is considered to be the ( ).A)Free of Particular AverageB)With AverageC)General Additional RisksD)Special Additional Risks答案:C解析:6.[单选题]国际货运代理人与货主之间的关系，称：（ ） 。

D)买卖合同关系答案:A解析:7.[单选题]同国际市场的惯例一样,我国海运货物基本险的保险期限一般也采用( )的原则。

A)"门到门"B)"桌到桌"C)"仓至仓"D)"港到港"答案:C解析:8.[单选题]出口报关单上对于“200美元”的运费单价填报正确的为：A)110/200/1B)303/200/3C)502/200/2D)502/200/3答案:C解析:9.[单选题]]逾期接受是否有效，主要取决于（ ）。

UNIT 1 INTERNATIONAL TRADE一、单选题1. International trade in different from domestic trade, please point out which of the following descriptions is not right (B). ( 2009年真题)A. International trade is more costlyB. International trade is less costly,C. International trade is restricted to trade in goods and servicesD. International trade is also branch of economics二、判断题1. The WTO is described as an umbrella organization under which the agreement that came out of the Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations is gathered. ( T ) ( 2009年真题)三、多选题1. WTO functions include ( ABCD) (2009年真题)A. to implement, administers, and carries out WTO Agreement and it annexesB. to act as a form for ongoing multilateral trade negotiationsC. to serve as a tribunal for resolving disputesD. to review the trade policies and practices of member states2. There are some risks in multilateral trade, they mainly include economic risks and political risks, The economic risks include (BC) (2009年真题)A. risk of confiscation of the import’s companyB. risk of exchange rateC. risk of failure of payment by buyerD. risk of warUNIT 2 SCOPE OF FREIGHT FORWARDER SERVICE一、单选题1. The scope of freight forwarder’s service on behalf of consignors includes (D). (2005年真题) A．Booking space with consigneeB．Paying the freight to the insurerC．Arranging import customs clearanceD．Booking space with carrier2.Which of the following organizations is the largest non-governmental organization in the field of freight fo rwarding industry (B)? (2005年真题)A．IATA B．FIATA C．MTO D．UIC3. The scope of freight forwarder’s service on behalf of consignor includes(C). (2006年真题)A. booking space with exporterB. paying the freight to the exportersC. arranging export customs clearanceD. booking space with the insurer4. Which of the following is not belonged to the Advisory Body of FIATA? (A) (2006年真题)A. AFIB. ABDGC. ABITD. ABVT5. The scope of freight forwarder’s service on behalf of consignee (CIF) includes ( C ) (2007年真题) A．Packing the goodsB．Paying the freight to the marine carrierC．Arranging import customs clearanceD．Booking space with the marine carrier6. (D)―International Federation of Freight Forwarders Associations‖, was founded in Vienna Austria on 31 May 1926. (2008年真题)A. IFFFAB. IATAC. ICIFAD. FIATA7. ( 2004年真题) The( D ) is the person or company who has concluded a contract with the shipper for carriage of goods by sea.A．Shipper B．Receiver C．Consignee D．Carrier二、判断题1.( 2004年真题) To unite the freight forwarding industry worldwide is one of FIATA’s main objectives.(T)2.( 2004年真题) FIATA is the largest governmental organization in the field of freight forwarding industries.(F)3. The freight forwarder takes delivery of the goods from the carrier and issues the Forwarders` Certificate of Receipt. ( F ) (2005年真题)4.( 2006年真题) Assisting the consignee, if necessary, in warehousing and distribution is one of the services provided by the freight forwarder on behalf of the consignee. (T)5.( 2007年真题) FIATA is recognized as representing the freight forwarding industry by many other governmental organizations, governmental authorities, private international organizations in the field of transport. ( T )6. (2004年真题) Shipper is the person who has concluded a contract with the carrier for carriage of goods. (T)三、多选题1.(2004年真题)The following services ( ABC )are performed by the forwarder on behalf of the exporter. A．Booking spaceB．Pack the goodsC．Export customs clearanceD．Import customs clearance2. Which of the following services are performed by the forwarder on behalf of the consignee? (AD) (2005年真题)A．Taking delivery of the goods from the carrierB．Packing the goods for exportC．Arranging export customs clearanceD．Arranging import customs clearance3.( 2006年真题) FIATA has created several documents and forms, they are ( ABCD ).A.FWBB.FCRC.FWRD.FCT4.( 2006年真题) FIATA’s main objectives are ( AB )A. to unite the freight forwarding industry worldwideB. to assist with vocational training for freight forwardersC. to unite the transport industry worldwideD. to safeguard the interests of the importers and exporters6.( 2007年真题) Scope of freight forwarding services on behalf of the consignor usually includes ( ABD ). A．Weighing and measuring the goodsB．Packing the goodsC．Arranging for import clearanceD．Booking space with carrier7.( 2007年真题) An international freight forwarder should be familiar with ( ABCD )A．International trade routesB．Location of portsC．Pattern of international tradeD．Provisions of the letter of credit8. FIATA has created several documents and forms; they are (AC), etc. (2007年真题)A．FBL B．FDT C．FFI D．FOB9. FIATA has created several documents and forms, some of them including (ABD) are signed by the forwarders to the cargo owners and some of them are signed by the cargo owner and some of them are signed by the cargo owners to the forwarders. (2008年真题)A. FBLB. FWBC. SDTD. FCR10. (2004年真题) FIATA has created several documents and forms, they are (AB).A．FWR B．FWB C．FOB D．FCA11. Scope of freight forwarding services on behalf of the consignor includes (ACD) in the sales contract made by the consignor as the seller with the buyer. (2008年真题)A. Booking space with the selected carder basis on the CIF termsB. Arranging cargo sea transport insurance basis on the FOB termsC. Arranging for export clearance basis on the CIF termsD. Arranging for export clearance basis on the FOB termsUNIT 3 INCONTERM 2000一、单选题1.( 2004年真题) Under the trade term CIP, the ( B ) must contract for the cargo transportation insurance. A．Buyer B．Seller C．Consignee D．Carrier2. (2004年真题) which of the following trade terms may be used for any mode of transport, including multimodal transport. ( B )A．FOB B．CIP C．CIF D．CFR3.According to INCOTERMS 2000.which group of the following trade terms mean that the seller must contr act for the carriage of the goods to the named port (or place) of destination. ( D ) (2005年真题) A．FOB、CFR、CIFB．FCA、CFR、CIFC．FOB、FCA、CIPD．CFR、CIF、CIP4.Under the CFR term, the risk of loss of or damage to the goods is transferred from the seller to the buyer w hen the goods pass the ship’s rail in the (C). (2005年真题)A．Port of destination B．Port of dischargeC．Port of shipment D．Port of delivery5.According to INCOTERMS 2000(A).means that the sellers delivers the goods, cleared for export, to the ca rrier nominated by the buyers at the named place. (2006年真题)A. FCAB. FOBC. CFRD.CPT6.According to INCOTERMS 2000, (B) means that the sellers deliver the goods pass the ship’s rail at the na med port of shipment. (2007年真题)A．FCA B．FOB C．CFR D．CPT7. The seller had made a sales contract under the CFR term with the buyer ,therefore the scope of freight forwarder’s service on behalf of the buyer includes( C ) (2008年真题)A. arrange export customs clearanceB. booking space with the NVOCCC. arrange import customs clearanceD. booking space with the marine carrier8、According to INCOTERMS 2000,CPT means that the seller delivers the goods to the carrier nominated by the ( B) but the seller must in addition pay the cost of carriage necessary to bring the goods to the named destination. (2008年真题)A. buyerB. sellerC. carrierD. forwarder9. The CFR convention is the convention on contract for international carriage of goods by road, according to the CFR, the carrier is responsible for (D). (2008年真题)A. Any wrongful act of the consignorB. inherent vice of the goodsC. Neglect of the consignorD. omission of carrier’s servants10. The seller had made a sales contract with the buyer under the FOB term, therefore the scope of Freight forwarder’s service on behalf of the buyer normally do es not include ( C ) (2009年真题)A. arranging import customs clearanceB. taking delivery of the goods from the carrierC. arranging export customs clearanceD. booking space with the marine carrier11. (A) means that the seller delivers the goods to the carrier nominated by him but the seller must in addition pay the cost of carriage necessary to bring the goods to the named destination. (2009年真题)A .CPT B.FCA C.CFR D.FOB12. The general additional risks such as rain damage risks and shortage risks are covered under(C) in PICC Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses. (2009年真题)A.FPAB.WPAC. All RisksD. War clause二、判断题1.(2004年真题)The CFR term can be used only for sea and inland waterway transport.(T)2.(2004年真题)FOB means that the seller delivers when the goods pass th e ship’s rail at the named port of discharge.(F)3.(2004年真题) Under FCA term, if the chosen place of delivery occurs at the seller’s premises, the seller is not responsible for loading.(F)4 The forwarders usually book spaces with ocean carrier on behalf of consignor based on the FCA terms in the sales contract made by the consignor as the seller with the buyer. (F) (2007年真题)5. The CIP term may be used irrespective of the modes of transport including multimodal transport and this term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. (T) (2007年真题)6. The forwarder can book spaces with ocean carrier on behalf of consignor basis on the CIF/CFR term in the sales contract made by the consignor as the seller with the buyer. (T)(2008年真题)7. Under FCA term, if the buyer nominates a person other than a carrier to receive the goods, the seller is deemed to have fulfilled his obligation to deliver the goods when they are delivered to that person. (T)(2008年真题)8. The forwarder can book spaces with ocean carrier on behalf of the consignor basis on the FOB/FAS terms in the sales contract made by the consignor as the seller with the buyer. (F)(2009年真题)9. ( 2006年真题) The CPT term may be used irrespective of the mode of transport including multimodal transport and this term requires the buyer to clear the goods for export. (F)三、多选题1.(2004年真题)The following trade terms(AD)can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. A．CIF B．CIP C．FCA D．FOB2. Which of the following trade terms can be used irrespective of the mode of transport, includingmulti-modal transport? (BCD ) (2005年真题)A．CIF B．CIP C．FCA D．CPT3. (2006年真题) According to INCOTERMS 2000，which group of the following trade terms mean that the seller should contract for the carriage of the goods. (AB)A.CFR、CIFB.CPT、CIPC.FOB、FASD.CPT、FCA4. According to INCOTERMS 2000, (AB) mean that the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination or must in addition pay the cost of carriage necessary to bring the goods to the named destination. (2007年真题)A．CFR、CIF B．CPT、CIP C．FOB、FCA D．CPT、FCA5. According to INCOTERMS 2000, (AB) mean that the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary tobring the goods to the named port of shipment. (2008年真题)A. CFRB. CIFC. CPTD. CIP6.According to INCOTERMS 2000,the groups of following trade terms(AB)means that the sellers must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port or place of elicitation (2009年真题)A.CFR, CIFB.CPT, CIPC.FOB, FCAD.FOB, EXWUNIT 4UCP 600一、单选题1. The UCP published by the (D), contains detailed provisions dealing with the operation of documentary credit. (2008年真题)A．CIFA B.FIATA C. BIMCO D. ICC2. According to UCP600.for the examination of documents the banks now have a maximum of (B) following the days of presentation. (2009年真题)A.7 banking daysB.5 banking daysC.3 banking daysD.1 banking days3. (B) is the written promise of a bank to act at the request and on the instruction of the applicant and to undertake payment to the beneficiary in the amount specified in the credit(2009年真题)A. Letter of DeliveryB. Letter of CreditC. Letter of IndemnityD. Letter of Guarantee二、判断题1.(2006年真题)The UCP500 published by the International Chamber of Commerce contains detailed provisions dealing with the operation of the Bill of Lading. (F)2.(2007年真题)UCP600 published by the International Chamber of Commerce will come into force on Oct.1, 2007. (F)3. The policy must be issued and signed by an insurance company or its agent. If more than one original is issued and is so indicated in the policy, all the originals must be presented to the bank, unless otherwise authorized in the letter of credit according to UCP600. ( T )(2008年真题)4. UCP600 does not apply unless it is expressly mentioned in the text of L/C (T)(2009年真题)UNIT 5. TERMS OF SHIPMENT IN THE CONTRACTS FOR THE INTERNATIONSL SALES OFGOODS一、单选题1. (2004年真题) The terms ―middle‖ of a month in the letter of credit shall be construed as (B)A．the 1st to the 10th B．the 11th to the 20th C．the 5th to the 15th D．The 21st to the 30th 2. According to UCP500the terms ―end‖ of a month in the letter of credit shall be construed as (D). (2005年真题)A．from the 1st to the last day of the monthB．From the 11th to the last day of the monthC．from the 15th to the last day of the monthD．From the 21st to the last day of the month3．According to UCP500, the terms ―beginning‖ of a month in the letter of credit shall be construed as ( C ) (2006年真题)A. from the 1st to the last day of the monthB. from the 1st to the 15th of the monthC. from the 1st to the 10th of the monthD. from the 1st to the 5th of the month4. According to UCP600, the terms ―middle‖ of a month in the L/C shall be construed as (B). (2007年真题)A、from the 10th to the 20th of the monthB．from the 11th to the 20th of the monthC．from the 11th to the 21st of the monthD．From the 10th to the 21st of the month5. According to UCP 600, the term ―middle‖ of a mouth in the letter of credit shall be construed as form the 11th to the 20th of the month and the term ―first half‖ of a mouth shall be construed as ( B ).(2008年真题)A. from the 11th to the 20th of the mouthB. from the 1st to the 15th of the mouthC. from the 1st to the1oth of the mouthC. from the 11th to the 21st of the mouth6.According to UCP600,the term―shipment to be made at the end of May‖in the letter of credit shall be contraused as ( C ) (2009年真题)A. from the 25th to the 31 th of MayB. from the 20th to the 31 th of MayC. from the 21 th to the 31th of MayD. from the 16th to the 31 th of May二、判断题1. (2007年真题) The words ―between‖ applying to any date or period in the credit referring to shipment will be understood to include the date mentioned. (T)2. The words ―to, until, till, from, between, after, before‖ applying to any date of period in the credit referring to shipment will be understood to include the date mentioned. ( F )(2009年真题)3. If the L/C stipulates that the expiry date is July 31st without a shipment date, then the latest shipment date is also July 31st. (T) (2005年真题)4. If the shipment date is ― second half of May ‖ in the credit, then the goods must be shipped before May 20. ( F ) (2005年真题)5.(2006年真题)The word ―to, until, till, from‖ applying to any date or period in the credit referring to shipment will be understood to include the date mentioned. (T)6. If the expression ―on or about‖ or similar expressions are used in the L/C according to UCP600 banks will interpret them as a stipulation that that shipment is to be made during the period from five days before to five days after the specified date, both end days excluded.( F )(2008年真题)7. Time of Shipment refers to the time limit for loading the goods at the port of shipment. ( T ) (2005年真题)8.(2004年真题)If the shipment date is ―on or about May 20‖, then the goods must be shipped before thatdate.(F)三、多选题1、Which of the following words applying to any date or period in the credit referring to shipment will be understood to include the date mentioned．( ABD ) (2005年真题)A．Until B．From C．After D．To2、The L/C stipulates that shipment date: on or about May 20,2003，it means that the goods can be shipped on board the vessel between ( AB ). (2005年真题)A．May 15 to May 25 B．May 20 to May 25C．May 20 to May 30 D．May 10 to May 20UNIT 6.DOCUMENTARY CREDIT一、单选题1、(2004年真题)If the L/C simply stipulates an expiry date without a shipment date, it means that( B ) A．Two dates are not the sameB．Two dates are the sameC．Shipment date is earlier than expiry date.D．Expiry date is earlier than shipment date2、(2004年真题)Documentary credit means payment against( C )A．Ship B．Cargo C．Documents D．Money3.(2007年真题)Document credit means payment against( B )instead of against goods.A．Contracts B．Documents C．Cargoes D．Bank draft4. (2007年真题) (B)is a letter from a bank to a foreign bank authorizing the payment of a specified sum to the person or compan y named.A．Letter of Delivery B．Letter of CreditC．Letter of Indemnity D．Letter of Guarantee二、判断题1. Documentary credit means payment against goods instead of against documents. ( F )(2005年真题)三、多选题1. Please point out which of the following statements are right. ( AD ) (2008年真题)A. The time of shipment should be stipulated in a clear and flexible way in the L/CB. The time of shipment should not be stipulated in a clear and flexible way in the L/CC. If the L/C simply stipulates an expiry date without a shipment date which means these two dates are not the sameD. If the L/C simply stipulates an expiry date without a shipment date which means these two dates are the same2. Please point out (AB) is the characteristics of settlement by letters of credit. (2008年真题)A.L/C is a self—sufficient instrumentB.L/C is a document transactionC.L/C is not a self—sufficient instrumentD.L/C is a cargo transactionUNIT 7、THE PRACTICE OF INTERNATIONAL OCEAN CARGO TRANSPORTATION一、单选题1. (2004年真题) A regular service between fixed sea ports is ( B ).A．Tramp service B．Liner serviceC．Door to door service D．Forwarding service2. The booking note is issued by the(C) requesting allocation of shipping space. (2005年真题) A．Carrier to the agent B．Carrier to the shipperC．Shipper to the carrier D．Carrier to the consignee二、判断题1. (2004年真题) A delivery order is issued by the carrier or his agent to enable the consignee or his agent to take delivery of the cargo from the vessel. (T)2. ( 2004年真题) Mate’s recei pt is issued by the forwarder to the shipper. (F)3. A delivery order is a commitment on the part of the shipper to ship the goods and serves as the basis for the preparation of the bill of lading. ( F ) (2007年真题)4. The sea waybill is a non-negotiable document and made out to a consignee who allowed, upon production of proper identification, to claim the goods without presenting the sea waybill. ( T ) (2008年真题)5. The sea waybill serves as same functions as marine bill of lading used in carriage of goods by sea and who is allowed, upon production of proper identification, to claim the goods without presenting the sea waybill. ( F ) (2009年真题)三、多选题1. The sea waybill is one of the shipping documents used for sea transportation and serve as (AC). (2007年真题)A．Cargo receiptB．Document of titleC．Evidence of contract of cargo transportationD．Negotiable document2. Nowadays many documents are used in international cargo transportation, some of the documents can be transferred to the third parties and some cannot be transferred to the third parties. Please point out (BD) statements is right. (2008年真题)A. Insurance policy can be transferred to the third partiesB. Insurance policy can not be transferred to the third partiesC.Sea waybill can be transferred to the third partiesD.Sea waybill can not be transferred to the third partiesUNIT 8、CHARTERING BUSINESS一、单选题1. (2004年真题) ( B )means that a charterer hires a ship for a particular voyage.A．Time chartering B．Voyage charteringC．Bareboat chartering D．A+B+C2. Which of the following costs are payable by the charterer under a time charter party. ( C ) (2005年真题) A．Capital cost and demurrageB．Hull insurance and port chargesC．Port charges and bunker costsD．Wages of crew and hull insurance3. Which of the following charter forms is used in a voyage charter? ( A ) (2005年真题)A．GENCON B．BALTIME C．NYPE D．BARECON4. Which of the following standard Charter Party forms is used in a Voyage Charter? ( A ) (2006年真题)A. GENCONB. BALTIMEC. NYPED. BARECON5．(2006年真题) Lay time and demurrage clause normally appeared in the ( B )Charter Party.A. TimeB. VoyageC. BareboatD. TCT6. (D)ordinarily means that the ship-owner promises to satisfy the cha rter’s need for transport capacity over a certa in period of time, often one year or several years. (2007年真题)A．V oyage chartering B．Time charteringC．Bareboat chartering D．Contract of affreightment7. (B) means that the ship-owner provides a designated manned ship to the charterer, and the charterer employs the ship for a specific period against payment of hire. (2008年真题)A. voyage charteringB. time charteringC. bareboat charteringD. contract of affreightment8. Time chartering means that the ship-owner provides a designated manned ship to the charterer, and the charterer employs the ship for a specific period against payment of hire, Under time chartering, the charterer is not liable for costs such as ( B ) (2009年真题)A. bunker costsB. crew wagesC. port chargesD. loading costs9. Payment of freight clauses normally appeared in the (B) charter party. (2007年真题)A. timeB. voyageC. bareboatD. TCT10.The terms under which the ship-owner is not responsible for loading and discharging stowage and trimmi ng costs is ( B ) (2006年真题)A. FOBSTB. FIOSTC. FIOSD. FIO二、判断题1. (2004年真题) Under the voyage chartering, the ship-owner is responsible for the fixed running expenses as well as for the voyage expenses.(T)2. (2004年真题)Fumigation ordered because of illness of the crew under time chartering shall be for chatterer’s account.(F)3. The port charges are payable by ship-owner during the period of voyage charter. ( T )(2005年真题)4. Time chartering means that the charterer hires the vessel for a period of time without crew. (F) (2005年真题)5. The time chartering means that the ship-owner provides a designated manned ship to the charterer and the charterer employs the ship for a specific period against payment of hire. ( T )(2007年真题)6. There are some standard forms of time charter party used in the time chartering are fixed on the basis of the Guenon Charter Party. ( F )(2008年真题)7. Under a voyage charter the ship-owner retains the operational control of the vessel and is responsible for all the operating expenses, Therefore, loading and discharging costs are normally paid by the ship-owner. ( F )(2009年真题)8. (2006年真题) The Voyage Charter means that the vessel is put at the disposal of the Charterer for a certain period employment without any crew. (F)三、多选题1. (2004年真题)Under a time charter party, the charterer pays for ( BC ).A．Capital cost B．Fuel C．Loading costs D．Wages of crew2. (2006年真题) A Voyage Charter Party mainly contains the( AD )clauses.A. payment of freightB. delivery and redeliveryC. payment of hireD. time for loading and discharging3. Usually the (BC) charter parties provide a period of time for vessel employment. (2007年真题)A．V oyage B．Time C．Bareboat D．TCT4. A voyage charter party shall mainly contain the named of the parties, the named and nationality of the ship, its bale or grain capacity, description of the goods to be loaded, port of loading and discharge, time for loading and discharge, (AC) and other relevant matters. (2008年真题)A. Payment of freightB. Payment of hireC. DemurrageD. Delivery/redelivery5. In marine chartering business, the relationship between the parties is governed by the charter party, the payment of hire and delivery/redelivery clauses normally appear in forms of (ABCD) (2009年真题)A.GENCONB.NYPEC.BALTIMED.BIMCOUNIT 9 MARINE BILL OF LADING一、单选题1、(2004年真题) ( D ) are those covering shipment between direct ports of loading and discharge. A．Shipped bills of lading B．Clean bills of ladingC．Straight bills of lading D．Direct bills of lading2、(2004年真题) When one of the original bills of lading was surrendered to the carrier, the others became( C ).A．Valid B．Validity C．Invalid D．A+B3、(2004年真题) ( C )is subsequently exchanged for the marine bill of lading.A．Booking note B．Delivery order C．Mate’s receipt D．Cargo manifest4、(2004年真题) The( A )can not be transferred to third parties.A．Straight B/L B．Direct B/L C．Shipped B/L D．Order B/L5.A document signed by the Chief Officer acknowledging the receipt of cargo on board ship, and later excha nged for a B/L is called (C). (2005年真题)A．Seaway bill B．Booking note C．Mate’s receipt D．Bill of lading6.The number of original Bills of Lading required by the L/C may be expressed as 3/3, which means ( A ) (2 006年真题)A.3 originals and 3 copiesB.6 originalsC.3 originals and all should be tendered to the bankD.6 originals and all should be tendered to the bank7. Which of the following terms on the B/L shows that the Bill of Lading is clean B/L? ( C ) (2006年真题)A. insufficient packingB. One carton shortC. in apparent good order and conditionD. missing safety seal8. Marine B/L perform a number of functions, which of the following is not correct? ( D ) (2007年真题) A．Evidence of the contract of carriageB．Receipt for the goods shippedC．Document of title to the goodsD．Non-negotiable document9.From legal point of view, the (D) on the bill of lading is not the party of the contract of carriage of goods b y sea. (2007年真题)A．Carrier B．Shipper C．Consignee D．Notify party10. The carrier. Besides, the bill of lading serves as a document of title endorsement. The (C) can not be transferred to the third parties by endorsement. (2008年真题)A. shipped B/LB. clean B/LC. straight B/LD. order B/L11. The documents commonly used in carriage of goods by sea are bills of lading, sea waybills, manifests, booking notes and delivery orders etc. most of documents are signed by the carrier or his agent except (A) (2008年真题)A. Booking notesB. delivery orderC. sea waybillD. bills of lading12. The documents commonly used in carriage of goods by sea are bills of lading, sea waybill go manifests, booking notes and delivery orders etc .Please point out the (A) servers as a document of title enabling the goods to be transferred from the shipper to the consignee or any other party by endorsement. (2009年真题)A. bills of ladingB. delivery ordersC. sea waybillsD. cargo manifests二、判断题1.(2004年真题) A foul bill of lading means that the bill of lading is very dirty. (F)2.(2004年真题) A clean bill of lading means that the bill of lading is very clean.(F)3.(2006年真题) A booking note is a commitment on the part of the shipper to ship the goods and serves as the basis for the preparation of the Bill of Lading.(T)4.(2006年真题) Straight Bill of Lading are not negotiable and cannot be transferred to third parties.(T)5.(2006年真题) From legal point of view, the Notify Party on the Bill of Lading is not the party of the contract of the carriage of goods by sea.(T)6. The words ―in apparent good order and condition‖ indicated on the bills of lading are not accepted by the bank due to its unclear meaning. ( F ) (2007年真题)7. Received for shipment bill of lading, states definitely that the goods have been received by the carrier and confirms that the goods are actually on board the vessels. ( F ) (2008年真题)8. The clean bill of lading bears an indication that the goods were received without damages, irregularities or short shipment, usually the world ―apparent good order and condition‖ is indicated on the B/L. (T) (2008年真题)9.The clean bill of lading bears an indication that the goods were received without damage, irregularities or short shipment, usually the word‖ apparent good order and condition‖ is indicated on the B/L( T ) (2009年真题)10.Shipped bills of lading and received for shipment bills of lading state definitely that the goods have been received by the carrier and confirm that the goods are actually on board the vessels ( F ) (2009年真题)11. (2004年真题) Shipped in apparent good order and condition means that the vessel looks very good. (F)三、多选题1、(2004年真题) Normally the marine bill of lading has three functions, namely( ABC ) .A．Evidence of the contract of carriageB．A receipt of goodsC．A document of title to the goodsD．The contract of carriage2. (AD) can be transferred to third parties. (2007年真题)A．Order bills of ladingB．Copy bills of ladingC．Straight bills of ladingD．Bearer bills of lading3. The documents such as bill of lading, air waybill, sea waybill and insurance policy used for international trade play very important roles for the parties concerned. Please point out which of the following documents served as evidence of contract of cargo transportation? ( ABD ) (2008年真题)A. Bill of LadingB. Sea WaybillC. Insurance PolicyD. Air Waybill4. Normally the banks accept the following marine bills of lading ( ABC ) (2009年真题)A. order bills of ladingB. shipped bills of ladingC. clean bills of ladingD. foul bills of lading。

Unit 1 International TradeⅠ. Answer the following questions.1.International trade is the exchange of goods and services between countries. It is alsoknown as world trade, foreign trade or overseas trade.2.Uneven distribution of natural resources, specialization, patterns of demand, economies ofscale, innovation or variety of style.3.(Open) Economies of scale are the cost advantages of large-scale production. A countrymay specialize completely in the production of one product in order to achieve economies of scale and then import other products.4.Countries can get cheaper and greater variety of goods or services for consumers.International trade can expand markets and promotes economic growth.5.Visible trade refers to exports and imports of goods, while invisible trade refers to anexchange of services or assets between countries. Transportation service across national borders, insurance to international goods and tourism are all examples of invisible trade. 6.The balance of trade is the difference between the value of the goods and services that acountry exports and the value of the goods and services that it imports.7.Trade barriers mean the restriction measures taken by governments. Tariff, quotas, importlicense and foreign exchange control are all examples of trade barriers.8.The international trade is regulated by WTO at the global level and several other regionalarrangements like MERCOSUR.Ⅱ. True or false questions.1. F2. T3. T4. T5. T6. T7. T8. F9. T 10. FⅢ. Fill in the blanks with the best choice.1. a2. c3. a4. c5. a6. d7. a8. b9. d 10. aⅤ. Translate the following Chinese words or expressions into English.1.international trade2.world trade3.foreign trade4.overseas trade5.economies of scale6.economic growth7.foreign currency/exchange8.exchange rate9.foreign/overseas/external/world market10.visible trade 11.invisible trade12.balance of trade13.trade surplus/positive balance of trade14.trade deficit/negative balance of trade15.trade barrier16.non-tariff barrier17.revenue tariff18.protection tariff19.quota20.free tradeⅥ. Fill in the blanks with the words and expressions listed below. home, market, company, raw, transportation, production, focused, soldⅦ. Translate the following sentences.1.国际贸易即国与国之间商品和服务的交换，又称世界贸易、对外贸易或海外贸易。

Classicl trade theoryThis table shows bushels of wheat and the yards of cloth that the US and the UK can produce with one hour of labor time under four different hypothetical situations.Suppose that the US exchange 4W for 4C with the UKa. How much does the US gain?b. How much does the UK gain?c. What is the range for mutually beneficial trade?Suppose that the US exchange 4W for 6C with the UKa. How much does the US gain?b. How much does the UK gain?c. What is the range for mutually beneficial trade?Neo-classical trade theoryThe country of Pugelovia has an endowment (total supply) of 20 units of labor and 3 units of land, whereas the rest of the world has 80 units of labor and 7 units of land. Is Pugelovia labor-abundant? Is Pugelovi land-abundant? If wheat is land-intensive and cloth is labor-intensive, what is the Heckscher-Ohlin prediction for the pattern of trade between Pugelovia and the rest of the world?From the following information calculate the total input shares of labor and capital in each dollar of cloth output:Cloth is the only product that this country exports. The total input share of labor in producing $1.00 of import substitutes in this country is $0.55, and the total input share of capital is $0.45. Is this trade pattern consistent with the fact that this country is relatively labor-abundant and capital-scarce?TariffYou have been asked to quantify the effects of a country’s tariff on sugar. The hard part of the work is already done: Somebody has esimated how many pounds of sugar would be produced, consumed, and imported by the country if there were no sugar duty. You are given the information shown in the table.Calculate the following measures:a.The domestic consumers’ gain from removing the tariff.b.The domestic producers’ loss from removing the tariff.c.The government tariff revenue loss.d.The net efeect on national well-being.You have been asked to quantify the effects of a country’s tariff on sugar. The hard part of the work is already done: Somebody has esimated how many pounds of sugar would be produced, consumed, and imported by the country if there were no sugar duty. You are given the information shown in the table.Calculate the following measures:e.The domestic consumers’ gain from removing the tariff.f.The domestic producers’ loss from removing the tariff.g.The government tariff revenue loss.h.The net efeect on national well-being.Non-tariffSuppose that US has three choices about the trade policy of skates imported from Canada: Free trade with no protections; A special tariff of $80 per pair; A V oluntary export restraint. Calculate the US net national gains or losses from the tariff, and those from the VER, relative to free trade. Which of the three choices looks best for the US as a whole? Which looks worst?(unit: millions pairs)According to the information shown in the table, quantify the effects of a country’s import quota on sugar. Suppose that the government auctions the quota right.Calculate the following measures:a.Calculate how much domesitic producers gain or loss form the quota.b.Calculate how much domesitic consumers gain or loss form the quota.c.Calculate how much the government receives in payment when it auctions the quota rights to import.d.Calculate the net national gain or loss from the quota.。

Chapter 9Application: International TradeTRUE/FALSE1. Trade decisions are based on the principle of absolute advantage.ANS: F DIF: 1 REF: 9-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Absolute advantage MSC: Interpretive2. The sum of consumer and producer surplus measures the total benefits that buyers and sellers receive fromparticipating in a market.ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 9-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Total surplus MSC: Interpretive3. According to the principle of comparative advantage, all countries can benefit from trading with one anotherbecause trade allows each country to specialize in doing what it does best.ANS: T DIF: 1 REF: 9-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Comparative advantage MSC: Interpretive4. The world price of cotton is the highest price of cotton observed anywhere in the world.ANS: F DIF: 1 REF: 9-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization, and tradeTOP: Prices MSC: Definitional5. If the world price of a good is greater than the domestic price in a country that can engage in internationaltrade, then that country becomes an importer of that good.ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 9-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: International trade | Prices MSC: Interpretive6. Without free trade, the domestic price of a good must be equal to the world price of a good.ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 9-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Prices MSC: Interpretive7. The nation of Aviana soon will abandon its no-trade policy and adopt a free-trade policy. If the world priceof goose meat is $3 per pound and the domestic price of goose meat without trade is $2 per pound, then Aviana should export goose meat.ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 9-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Prices | Comparative advantage | Exports MSC: Interpretive8. If Argentina exports oranges to the rest of the world, Argentina's producers of oranges are worse off, andArgentina's consumers of oranges are better off, as a result of trade.ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 9-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Trade | Economic welfare MSC: Applicative9. If a country’s domesti c price of a good is lower than the world price, then that country has a comparativeadvantage in producing that good.ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 9-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Comparative advantage | Prices MSC: Interpretive594Chapter 9 /Application: International Trade 595 10. When a country allows international trade and becomes an importer of a good, domestic producers of the goodare better off, and domestic consumers of the good are worse off.ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 9-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization, and tradeTOP: Gains from trade MSC: Interpretive11. If the United Kingdom imports tea cups from other countries, then U.K. producers of tea cups are better off,and U.K. consumers of tea cups are worse off, as a result of trade.ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 9-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Trade | Economic welfare MSC: Applicative12. If Belgium exports chocolate to the rest of the world, then Belgian chocolate producers benefit from higherproducer surplus, Belgian chocolate consumers are worse off because of lower consumer surplus, and total surplus in Belgium increases because of the exports of chocolate.ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 9-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Trade | Economic welfare MSC: Applicative13. In principle, trade can make a nation better off, because the gains to the winners exceed the losses to thelosers.ANS: T DIF: 1 REF: 9-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Trade | Economic welfare MSC: Interpretive14. Suppose the Ivory Coast, a small country, imports wheat at the world price of $4 per bushel. If the Ivory Coastimposes a tariff of $1 per bushel on imported wheat, then, other things equal, the price of wheat in Ivory Coast will increase, but by less than $1.ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 9-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Tariffs | Prices MSC: Interpretive15. The small-economy assumption is necessary to analyze the gains and losses from international trade.ANS: F DIF: 1 REF: 9-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: International trade | Assumptions MSC: Interpretive16. The greater the elasticities of supply and demand, the smaller are the gains from trade.ANS: F DIF: 3 REF: 9-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Gains from trade | Price elasticities of demand and supplyMSC: Applicative17. If a tariff is placed on watches, the price of both domestic and imported watches will rise by the amount of thetariff.ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 9-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Tariffs | Prices MSC: Interpretive18. When a government imposes a tariff on a product, the domestic price will equal the world price.ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 9-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Tariffs | Prices MSC: Interpretive19. A tariff increases the quantity of imports and moves the market farther from its equilibrium without trade. ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 9-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Tariffs | Imports MSC: Applicative596 Chapter 9 /Application: International Trade20. When a country abandons no-trade policies in favor of free-trade policies and becomes an importer of steel,then the domestic price of steel will increase as a result.ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 9-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization, and tradeTOP: Imports | Prices MSC: Interpretive21. When a country that imports shoes imposes a tariff on shoes, buyers of shoes in that country become worseoff.ANS: T DIF: 1 REF: 9-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization, and tradeTOP: Tariffs MSC: Interpretive22. When a country that imports shoes imposes a tariff on shoes, buyers of shoes in that country become worse offand sellers of shoes in that country become better off.ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 9-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization, and tradeTOP: Tariffs MSC: Interpretive23. Deadweight loss measures the decrease in total surplus that results from a tariff or quota.ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 9-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Deadweight losses MSC: Interpretive24. If a small country imposes a tariff on an imported good, domestic sellers will gain producer surplus, thegovernment will gain tariff revenue, and domestic consumers will gain consumer surplus.ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 9-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Tariffs | Economic welfare MSC: Applicative25. Domestic consumers gain and domestic producers lose when the government imposes a tariff on imports. ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 9-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Tariffs MSC: Interpretive26. The imposition of a tariff on imported wine will increase the domestic price of wine, decrease the quantity ofwine imported, and increase the quantity of wine produced domestically.ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 9-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Prices | Imports | Tariffs MSC: Interpretive27. Suppose that Australia imposes a tariff on imported beef. If the increase in producer surplus is $100 million,the increase in tariff revenue is $200 million, and the reduction in consumer surplus is $500 million, thedeadweight loss of the tariff is $300 million.ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 9-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Tariffs | Deadweight losses MSC: Applicative28. Suppose Ecuador imposes a tariff on imported bananas. If the increase in producer surplus is $50 million, thereduction in consumer surplus is $150 million, and the deadweight loss of the tariff is $30 million, then the tariff generates $130 million in revenue for the government.ANS: T DIF: 3 REF: 9-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Tariffs | Deadweight losses MSC: Applicative29. Tariffs cause deadweight loss because they move the price of an imported product closer to the equilibriumwithout trade, thus reducing the gains from trade.ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 9-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Tariffs | Deadweight losses MSC: InterpretiveChapter 9 /Application: International Trade 597 30. Import quotas and tariffs both cause the quantity of imports to fall.ANS: T DIF: 1 REF: 9-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Tariffs | Import quotas MSC: Interpretive31. Import quotas and tariffs make domestic sellers better off and domestic buyers worse off.ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 9-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Tariffs | Import quotas | Economic welfare MSC: Interpretive32. Economists agree that trade ought to be restricted if free trade means that domestic jobs might be lost becauseof foreign competition.ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 9-3NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Trade policy | Employment MSC: Interpretive33. Free trade causes job losses in industries in which a country does not have a comparative advantage, but it alsocauses job gains in industries in which the country has a comparative advantage.ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 9-3NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Comparative advantage | Employment MSC: Interpretive34. Most economists support the infant-industry argument because it is so easy to implement in practice.ANS: F DIF: 1 REF: 9-3NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Trade policy MSC: Interpretive35. If Honduras were to subsidize the production of wool blankets and sell them in Sweden at artificially lowprices, the Swedish economy would be worse off.ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 9-3NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Trade policy | Economic welfare MSC: Interpretive36. Policymakers often consider trade restrictions in order to protect domestic producers from foreign competitors. ANS: T DIF: 1 REF: 9-3NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Trade policy MSC: Interpretive37. GATT is an example of a successful unilateral approach to achieving free trade.ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 9-3NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: GATT MSC: Interpretive38. NAFTA is an example of a multilateral approach to achieving free trade.ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 9-3NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: NAFTA MSC: Interpretive39. The rules established under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) are enforced by aninternational body called the World Trade Organization (WTO).ANS: T DIF: 1 REF: 9-3NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization, and tradeTOP: GATT | WTO MSC: Definitional40. A multilateral approach to free trade has greater potential to increase the gains from trade than a unilateralapproach, because the multilateral approach can reduce trade restrictions abroad as well as at home.ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 9-3NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Trade policy MSC: Interpretive598 Chapter 9 /Application: International Trade41. The results of a 2007 Los Angeles Times poll suggest that a significant majority of Americans believe that freeinternational trade helps the American economy.ANS: F DIF: 2 REF: 9-4NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Trade policy MSC: Interpretive42. The results of a 2007 Los Angeles Times poll suggest that the percentage of Americans who believe trade isharmful to the economy exceeds the percentage of Americans who believe trade is beneficial to the economy. ANS: T DIF: 2 REF: 9-4NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Trade policy MSC: Interpretive43. Most economists view the United States as an ongoing experiment that raises serious doubts about the virtuesof free trade.ANS: F DIF: 1 REF: 9-4NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Trade policy MSC: InterpretiveChapter 9 /Application: International Trade 599 SHORT ANSWER1. Use the graph to answer the following questions about CDs.a.What is the equilibrium price of CDs before trade?b.What is the equilibrium quantity of CDs before trade?c.What is the price of CDs after trade is allowed?d.What is the quantity of CDs exported after trade is allowed?e.What is the amount of consumer surplus before trade?f.What is the amount of consumer surplus after trade?g.What is the amount of producer surplus before trade?h.What is the amount of producer surplus after trade?i.What is the amount of total surplus before trade?j.What is the amount of total surplus after trade?k.What is the change in total surplus because of trade?ANS:a.$12b.50c.$15d.30e.$250f.$122.50g.$250h.$422.50i.$500j.$545k.$45DIF: 2 REF: 9-2 NAT: AnalyticLOC: Gains from trade, specialization and trade TOP: Exports | Economic welfare MSC: Applicative600 Chapter 9 /Application: International Trade2. Using the graph below, answer the following questions about hammers.a.What is the equilibrium price of hammers before trade?b.What is the equilibrium quantity of hammers before trade?c.What is the price of hammers after trade is allowed?d.What is the quantity of hammers imported after trade is allowed?e.What is the amount of consumer surplus before trade?f.What is the amount of consumer surplus after trade?g.What is the amount of producer surplus before trade?h.What is the amount of producer surplus after trade?i.What is the amount of total surplus before trade?j.What is the amount of total surplus after trade?k.What is the change in total surplus because of trade?ANS:a.$14b.90c.$10d.85e.$360f.$810g.$405h.$125i.$765j.$935k.$170DIF: 2 REF: 9-2 NAT: AnalyticLOC: Gains from trade, specialization and trade TOP: Imports | Economic welfare MSC: ApplicativeChapter 9 /Application: International Trade 601 3. Using the graph, assume that the government imposes a $1 tariff on hammers. Answer the following questionsgiven this information.a.What is the domestic price and quantity demanded of hammers after the tariff is imposed?b.What is the quantity of hammers imported before the tariff?c.What is the quantity of hammers imported after the tariff?d.What would be the amount of consumer surplus before the tariff?e.What would be the amount of consumer surplus after the tariff?f.What would be the amount of producer surplus before the tariff?g.What would be the amount of producer surplus after the tariff?h.What would be the amount of government revenue because of the tariff?i.What would be the total amount of deadweight loss due to the tariff?ANS:a.$6, 84b.66c.44d.$384e.$294f.$45g.$80h.$44i.$11DIF: 2 REF: 9-2 NAT: AnalyticLOC: Gains from trade, specialization and trade TOP: Tariffs | Economic welfare MSC: Applicative4. How does an import quota differ from an equivalent tariff?ANS:Both the import quota and the tariff raise the domestic price of the good, reduce the welfare of domestic consumers, increase the welfare of domestic producers, and cause deadweight losses. The only difference for the economy is that the tariff raises revenue for the government, while the import quota creates surplus for license holders.DIF: 2 REF: 9-2 NAT: AnalyticLOC: Gains from trade, specialization and trade TOP: Tariffs | Import quotasMSC: Interpretive602 Chapter 9 /Application: International Trade5. Characterize the two different approaches a nation can take to achieve free trade. Does one approach have anadvantage over the other?ANS:A unilateral approach is when a country removes its trade restrictions on its own. A multilateral approach is when a country removes its trade restrictions while other countries do the same. A multilateral approach has two advantages. The first is that it has the potential to result in freer trade because it can reduce trade restrictions abroad as well as at home. If international negotiations fail, however, the result could be more restricted trade than under a unilateral approach. Also, the multilateral approach may have a political advantage and can sometimes win political support when a unilateral reduction cannot.DIF: 2 REF: 9-3 NAT: AnalyticLOC: Gains from trade, specialization and trade TOP: Trade policyMSC: Interpretive6. What are the arguments in favor of trade restrictions, and what are the counterarguments? According to mosteconomists, do any of these arguments really justify trade restrictions? Explain.ANS:Arguments mentioned in the text include the jobs argument, the national security argument, the infant industry argument, the unfair competition argument, and the protection-as-a-bargaining-chip argument. These arguments and counter-arguments are outlined in section 9-3 of the text. Most economists would dismiss the jobs argument, the infant industry argument, and the unfair competition argument on strictly economic grounds. The bargaining-chip argument carries high risks of economic harm if the threat doesn't work. The national-security argument balances economic loss from trade restriction against the benefit of long-term national survival, and is probably the argument that economists would most likely buy if it were clear that the industry being protected was clearly crucial to national security.DIF: 2 REF: 9-3 NAT: AnalyticLOC: Gains from trade, specialization and trade TOP: Trade policyMSC: InterpretiveSec00 - Application: International TradeMULTIPLE CHOICE1. An important factor in the decline of the U.S. textile industry over the past 100 or so years isa.foreign competitors that can produce quality textile goods at low cost.b.lower prices of goods that are substitutes for clothing.c. a decrease in Americans’ demand for clothing, due to increased incomes and the fact that clothingis an inferior good.d.the fact that the minimum wage in the U.S. has failed to keep pace with the cost of living.ANS: A DIF: 1 REF: 9-0NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: International trade MSC: Interpretive2. With which of the Ten Principles of Economics is the study of international trade most closely connected?a.People face tradeoffs.b.Trade can make everyone better off.ernments can sometimes improve market outcomes.d.Prices rise when the government prints too much money.ANS: B DIF: 1 REF: 9-0NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: International trade MSC: Interpretive3. Which of the following tools and concepts is useful in the analysis of international trade?a.total surplusb.domestic supplyc.equilibrium priced.All of the above are correct.ANS: D DIF: 1 REF: 9-0NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: International trade MSC: InterpretiveChapter 9 /Application: International Trade 6034. A logical starting point from which the study of international trade begins isa.the recognition that not all markets are competitive.b.the recognition that government intervention in markets sometimes enhances the economic welfareof the society.c.the principle of absolute advantage.d.the principle of comparative advantage.ANS: D DIF: 1 REF: 9-0NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: International trade | Comparative advantage MSC: InterpretiveSec01 - Application: International Trade - The Determinants of TradeMULTIPLE CHOICE1. What is the fundamental basis for trade among nations?a.shortages or surpluses in nations that do not tradeb.misguided economic policiesc.absolute advantageparative advantageANS: D DIF: 1 REF: 9-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: International trade | Comparative advantage MSC: Interpretive2. Patterns of trade among nations are primarily determined bya.cultural considerations.b.political considerations.parative advantage.d.differences in the income elasticity of demand among nations.ANS: C DIF: 1 REF: 9-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: International trade | Comparative advantage MSC: Interpretive3. The nation of Pineland forbids international trade. In Pineland, you can buy 1 pound of fish for 2 pounds ofbeef. In other countries, you can buy 1 pound of fish for 1.5 pounds of beef. These facts indicate thata.Pineland has a comparative advantage, relative to other countries, in producing fish.b.other countries have a comparative advantage, relative to Pineland, in producing beef.c.the price of beef in Pineland exceeds the world price of beef.d.if Pineland were to allow trade, it would import fish.ANS: D DIF: 2 REF: 9-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Comparative advantage | World price MSC: Applicative4. The nation of Waterland forbids international trade. In Waterland, you can obtain a computer by trading 2bicycles. In other countries, you can obtain a computer by trading 3 bicycles. These facts indicate thata.if Waterland were to allow trade, it would export computers.b.Waterland has an absolute advantage, relative to other countries, in producing computers.c.Waterland has a comparative advantage, relative to other countries, in producing bicycles.d.All of the above are correct.ANS: A DIF: 2 REF: 9-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Comparative advantage MSC: Applicative5. The principle of comparative advantage asserts thata.not all countries can benefit from trade with other countries.b.the world price of a good will prevail in all countries, regardless of whether those countries allowinternational trade in that good.c.countries can become better off by exporting goods, but they cannot become better off by importinggoods.d.countries can become better off by specializing in what they do best.ANS: D DIF: 1 REF: 9-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Comparative advantage MSC: Interpretive6. A tax on an imported good is called aa.quota.b.tariff.c.supply tax.d.trade tax.ANS: B DIF: 1 REF: 9-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Tariffs MSC: Definitional7. A tariff is aa.limit on how much of a good can be exported.b.limit on how much of a good can be imported.c.tax on an exported good.d.tax on an imported good.ANS: D DIF: 1 REF: 9-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Tariffs MSC: Definitional8. The price of a good that prevails in a world market is called thea.absolute price.b.relative price.parative price.d.world price.ANS: D DIF: 1 REF: 9-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Price | International trade MSC: Definitional9. The price of sugar that prevails in international markets is called thea.export price of sugar.b.import price of sugar.parative-advantage price of sugar.d.world price of sugar.ANS: D DIF: 1 REF: 9-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Price | International trade MSC: Definitional10. If a country allows trade and, for a certain good, the domestic price without trade is higher than the worldprice,a.the country will be an exporter of the good.b.the country will be an importer of the good.c.the country will be neither an exporter nor an importer of the good.d.Additional information is needed about demand to determine whether the country will be anexporter of the good, an importer of the good, or neither.ANS: B DIF: 2 REF: 9-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Prices | Imports MSC: Interpretive11. If a country allows trade and, for a certain good, the domestic price without trade is lower than the world price,a.the country will be an exporter of the good.b.the country will be an importer of the good.c.the country will be neither an exporter nor an importer of the good.d.Additional information is needed about demand to determine whether the country will be anexporter of the good, an importer of the good, or neither.ANS: A DIF: 2 REF: 9-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Prices | Exports MSC: Interpretive12. For any country, if the world price of zinc is higher than the domestic price of zinc without trade, that countryshoulda.export zinc, since that country has a comparative advantage in zinc.b.import zinc, since that country has a comparative advantage in zinc.c.neither export nor import zinc, since that country cannot gain from trade.d.neither export nor import zinc, since that country already produces zinc at a low cost compared toother countries.ANS: A DIF: 2 REF: 9-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Exports | Comparative advantage MSC: Applicative13. If the world price of textiles is higher than Vietnam’s domestic price of textiles without trade, then Vietnama.should import textiles.b.has a comparative advantage in textiles.c.should produce just enough textiles to meet its domestic demand.d.should refrain altogether from producing textiles.ANS: B DIF: 2 REF: 9-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Prices | Comparative advantage MSC: Interpretive14. Assume, for Singapore, that the domestic price of soybeans without international trade is higher than the worldprice of soybeans. This suggests that, in the production of soybeans,a.Singapore has a comparative advantage over other countries and Singapore will import soybeans.b.Singapore has a comparative advantage over other countries and Singapore will export soybeans.c.other countries have a comparative advantage over Singapore and Singapore will import soybeans.d.other countries have a comparative advantage over Singapore and Singapore will export soybeans. ANS: C DIF: 2 REF: 9-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Prices | Comparative advantage MSC: Applicative15. Assume, for the U.S., that the domestic price of beef without international trade is lower than the world priceof beef. This suggests that, in the production of beef,a.the U.S. has a comparative advantage over other countries and the U.S. will export beef.b.the U.S. has a comparative advantage over other countries and the U.S. will import beef.c.other countries have a comparative advantage over the U.S. and the U.S. will export beef.d.other countries have a comparative advantage over the U.S. and the U.S. will import beef.ANS: A DIF: 2 REF: 9-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Prices | Comparative advantage MSC: Applicative。

International TradeExercisesCheng ming, College of Economics Shanghai UniversityChapter One Comparative Advantage -- the Ricardian Model1.Suppose Home country has 1000 units of labour, and Foreign country has 1200 units of labour, both of the two countries produce bicycle and skateboard. Home country can produce one unit of bicycle with 2 units of labour, and one unit skateboard with 5 units of labour. Foreign country can produce either one unit of bicycle or skateboard with 3 units of labour.(1) Draw the production possibility frontier for both of the two countries.(2) Without trade, what is the relative price of bicycle in terms of skateboard for the two countries?(3) Draw the consumption possibility of the two countries after trade.2.Suppose both Home country and Foreign produce the following 4 products, the labor units needed in the production of each unit of the product is reflected in the following table:(1) For Home country, which product has the biggest advantage, which has the least advantage?(2) If the wage of Home country is 8 times as high as that of Foreign. Which product(s) will be produced in Home country, and which product(s) by Foreign? (3) Please explain how the two countries can be benefited form the specialization and trade.(4) If the wage of Home country is 6 times higher than that of the Foreign. The mode of specialization and trade pattern will be changed? If so, how?(5) What are the possible reasons in the reality that the mode of specialization is not exactly the same with the theoretical mode reflected in (2)?3."The wage of Korean workers is US$2.50 per hour, if Korean products are allowed to export freely to the U.S.A., the wage of the American workers will be reduced to the same level. Is it impossible for you to import only a 5 dollar T-shirt, without import the related wage rate of 2.50 dollar?". Please comment.Chapter Two Specific Factors and Income Distribution1.Suppose China has two departments: food -- with land as its specific factor, and manufactures -- with capital as its specific factor. Because of the good weather, China has a bumper harvest of agricultural products, and the food price drop by 8% accordingly.(1) Draw a figure to reflect the influence on the labour demand by the two departments.(2) Is there any influence on wages?(3) Is there any changes of labour allocation in the two departments? Any changes of output of each department?(4) What are the possible influence on the production mix due to the changes of relative price?(5) What are the influences on the income distribution for capital owners and land lords because of the declining of the relative price of food?(6) What are the possible influence on the workers' income, given that food is the most important part of consumption?2.In 1986, the price of petroleum was dramatically declined. Since the USA is a petroleum importing country, many people thought it would be helpful for the USA. However, two American states - Texas and Louisiana witnessed a great economic depression.Why?3.In the manufacturing department, the Japanese productivity is nearly the same with that of the American's. While in the USA, the productivity in the service sector is still much higher. Many people think that it is a problem for the States, since most of the service products are non-tradable. It means that the USA is not possible to sell their products with which it has the comparative advantage. Please argue.Chapter Three Resources and Trade -- the Heckscher - Ohlin Model 1.One country has 400 units of labour and 600 units of land, and it produces two products - wine and cheese. With one unit output of wine, it needs 10 units of labour and 5 units of land, while for cheese, it needs 4 units of labour and 8 units of land.(1) What is the intensive factor for the production of wine and cheese, respectively?(2) Whether the country can produce 90 units of wine and 50 units of cheese with its resources? Why?(3) Draw the production constraint due to the restrictions of land and labour.(4) If the labour suppler increases to 100 units, what will be the changes for the constraint in (3)?2.Producing one unit of wheat needs 9 units of land and 3 units of labour, while for one unit of cloth needs 1 unit of land and 6 units of labour. Suppose the economy has altogether 120 units of labour and 180 units of land.(1) Draw the production possibility frontier of this economy.(2) If the suppler of land is increased by 90 units, will be any change for the PPF? What does it imply?3.Suppose under the prevailing prices of factors, in the production of cloth, with additional one acre of land, 20 hrs of labour are needed. While in the production of food, one acre of land needs only 5 hrs of labour.(1) If the economy has 600 hrs of labour and 60 acres of land. Please draw a figure to show the allocation of resources.(2) If the supply of labour is increased to 800 hrs, and then to 1000 hrs, and further to 1200 hrs, please use Edgeworth Box Charts to illustrate the locus of the changes of resources allocation.(3) What will be the case if the supply of labour continues to increase?4.Both country A and B have two factors of production: Capital and Labour, producing two products: X and Y. The two countries have the same level of technology, X is the capital intensive product, country A is capital abundant. Please make an analysis for the changes of terms of trade and the welfare for the two countries:(1) The stock of capital increases in country A(2) The supply of labour increase in country A(3) The stock of capital increases in country B(4) The supply of labour increases in country BChapter Four The Standard Trade Model1.Japan exports manufactured goods and imports raw materials, such as petroleum and food. Analyse the changes of the terms of trade for Japan in the following conditions:(1) Supply of petroleum is limited because of Middle East War.(2) Korean increases its capacity in the production of automobiles and sells the products in the markets of the USA and Canada.(3) The American engineers establish the nuclear reactors to replace petroleum power station.(4) The Russian have a poor harvest of agricultural products(5) Japan reduces the import duty for orange and beef.2.Suppose a country offers subsidies to its export products, while another country increases the import duty in order to offset the influence created by the subsidies. With the import duty, the relative price of importing country remains the same. Is there changes of the terms of trade and welfare for the two countries?3.If the importing country offers the subsidies to its export products, what would be the situation?4.With the economic development, the terms of trade for the country may either be improved or deteriorated. There are still many specialists, however, do not think that the immiserizing growth would probably happen. Why?Chapter Five Economies of Scale, Imperfect Competition1.Please point out whether it is internal or external economy of scale.(1) Most of orchestral music instruments are manufactured in Louisiana by a dozen more factories.(2) All Japanese Honda automobiles being sold in the States are either imported from Japan or manufactured in Ohio.(3) All the Airbus planes are being assembled in France.(4) The state of Connecticut has become the insurance center in the Northeast part of the United States.2.Under the full competition circumstances, the pricing strategy of the manufacturer is based on the marginal cost. Is this not true when there is internal economy? Why?3.In Japan, there are some shops specialized in the selling of Japanese products bought back from the States, and there prices are cheaper than those in the formal Japanese shops. What are the possible reasons?4.Please comment the relative importance between the economies of scales and comparative advantages for the following situations.(1) Most of the alumnus in the World are melted either in Norway or in Canada.(2) More than half of World's jet airplanes are manufactured in Seattle.(3) Most of the semiconductors are manufactured in the States and Japan.(4) Most of the Scotch Whisky come from the Scotland.(5) Many best wines come form France.Chapter Six International Factor Movements1.Home country produces food with two factors of land and labour:(1) If the supple of land is constant, what will be the the production function of food?(2) What are the possible reasons to explain the shape of the production function?(3) Let the marginal product of labour be as follows:(A) If the owner of land hires two workers, what is wage should be paid? What is the rent received by the landlord?(B) If the owner of land hires additional four workers, what will be the actual wage rate, overall wages and rent?2. Which of the following situations is of international direct investment?.(1) McDonald's opened a new outlet in Moscow.(2) A Canadian investor acquired an American franchise shop.(3) Japanese investors bought a lot of stocks of NY Rockefeller Center.(4) The International Monetary Fund offered lending of 50 million U.S. Dollars to Poland.(5) Carbide limited established a chemical plant in India.2.Under the following situations, which country will be biased toward current consumption, and which country will be biased toward future consumption in the intertemporal trade?(1) Argentina and Canada did not open their doors until recently, and continue to accept the immigrants.(2) The U.S.A. today take the lead in the World's science and technology, however, its leading position is gradually declining.(3) A country like Saudi Arabia, can fetch the oil with little investment.(4) A country like Noway, has to invest greatly in order to develop the oil in the North Sea.(5) A country like Korea, is catching up with the developed countries with its technologies.Chapter Seven The Instrument of Trade Policy1.A country would like to encourage the development of its own digital big screen TV set. Suppose this kind of TV is very expensive, with the price of 6500 US dollar per set. The overall cost of spare parts for each set is 3000 US dollars, while the price of a set imported from abroad is 5000 US dollars.(1) From the viewpoint of protection of infant industry, do you think it is necessary to impose the Ad V olerem duty? What will be the rate of import duty?(2) What is effective rate of protection for the domestic TV industry under this nominal rate of protection?(3) Who are benefited from the protection? Who are the losers?2.Home country has a demand curve for wheat D = 100 - 20P, and supply curve S = 20 + 20P. Please draw the demand curve for import. Without trade, what is the price for wheat?3.In the above case, Foreign country is introduced. The demand curve is D* = 80 - 20P, and supply curve is S* = 40 + 20P.(1) What is the export supply curve for Foreign? Also, calculate the wheat price of Foreign country before trade.(2) Now with trade, and let transportation cost equals to zero, what is the equilibrium point under the free trade? What is the correspondent World's price and trade volume?4.Suppose Foreign is a small country, it produces and exports automobiles with the selling price of 8000 US Dollars per set in the international market.(1) If a small importing country impose a 25% Ad V olerem duty, what will be the influence on the price of automobiles?(2) If the importing country is big, what would be the consequence?(3) What are the possible groups will be affected by the import duty?(4) Why the protection cost of the States is relatively lower than that of the other countries?Chapter Nine Trade Policy in Developing and Developed Countries 1.Suppose the demand and supply of a small country for cloth reflected as follows:Under free trade, Pc/Pw = 2 US Dollars(1) Suppose the importing country impose an import duty of 50%, what will be the new demand and supply for cloth with the new price? What is the influence on the tax revenue?(2) What is the prohibitive import duty rate for cloth?2.Discuss the following issues:(1) What are the reasons that foreign trade is not the engines for economic growth for most of the developing countries?(2) Put forward some of the suggestions for the developing countries to overcome the difficulties in the foreign trade.3.What are the reasons to explain the import substitution policy is more successful in some of the big developing countries, such as Brazil, than the small one, like Ghana?4.A country is importing automobiles from abroad with the price of 8000 US dollars each. The government believes that the domestic manufactures can produce at the cost of 6000 US dollars after a period of time. However, with this interim period, the cost of domestic producers will have the cost of production as high as 10000 US dollars each.(1) Suppose all the domestic manufactures will have a period of adjustment in order to ride down the initial high cost, under what situations the policy of the infant industry protection is necessary?(2) Now we suppose one of the domestic manufacture is able to reduce the cost of production to 6000 US dollars per set after bearing the initial learning cost, and other manufacturers can easily imitate and produce the products at the same cost. Please explain how can it be harmful toward the domestic industrial development? Is it effective to use the infant industry policy to avoid such situation?。

大学国贸考试题及答案详解一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 国际贸易中，以下哪项不是世界贸易组织（WTO）的基本原则？A. 非歧视原则B. 市场准入原则C. 对称互惠原则D. 自由贸易原则答案：C详解：世界贸易组织的基本原则包括非歧视原则（最惠国待遇和国民待遇）、市场准入原则、对等互惠原则以及公平贸易原则。

选项C 中的“对称互惠原则”并不是WTO的基本原则。

2. 在国际贸易中，FOB价格是指：A. 离岸价格B. 到岸价格C. 运费在内价格D. 保险费在内价格答案：A详解：FOB（Free On Board，船上交货）价格是指卖方将货物装上船后，买方承担之后的运费和风险的价格条款。

因此，FOB价格是离岸价格。

3. 以下哪个选项不属于国际货币基金组织（IMF）的主要职能？A. 监督成员国的汇率政策B. 提供短期资金支持C. 促进国际贸易平衡D. 提供技术援助和培训答案：C详解：IMF的主要职能包括监督成员国的汇率政策、提供短期资金支持、提供技术援助和培训等。

而促进国际贸易平衡并不是IMF的职能，这是世界贸易组织（WTO）的职责。

4. 根据比较优势理论，一个国家应该专门生产并出口哪些商品？A. 其生产成本最低的商品B. 其生产成本最高的商品C. 其生产效率相对较高的商品D. 其国内需求最大的商品答案：C详解：比较优势理论由大卫·李嘉图提出，主张一个国家应该专注于生产并出口那些其生产效率相对较高的商品，即使这些商品在其他国家的生产成本更低。

5. 在进行国际市场调研时，以下哪项不是需要考虑的因素？A. 目标市场的经济状况B. 目标市场的文化差异C. 目标市场的竞争对手D. 国内市场的消费者偏好答案：D详解：进行国际市场调研时，需要考虑目标市场的经济状况、文化差异和竞争对手等因素，以了解和适应国际市场。

国内市场的消费者偏好通常不作为国际市场调研的直接考虑因素。

二、多项选择题（每题3分，共15分）6. 以下哪些因素会影响国际产品的定价？A. 生产成本B. 运输成本C. 关税和税收D. 目标市场的消费者收入水平答案：A, B, C, D详解：国际产品的定价需要考虑多种因素，包括生产成本、运输成本、关税和税收以及目标市场的消费者收入水平等。

国际贸易试题含答案Question 1:What is international trade and why is it important for countries?Answer:International trade refers to the exchange of goods, services, and capital between different countries. It is an essential aspect of globalization and plays a crucial role in the economic development of countries. International trade allows countries to specialize in producing goods and services that they have a comparative advantage in, and to import goods and services that are produced more efficiently by other countries. This leads to increased efficiency, higher economic growth, and improved living standards.Question 2:What are the different types of trade barriers?Answer:Trade barriers are obstacles that can restrict or limit the flow of goods and services between countries. They can be categorized into two main types: tariff barriers and non-tariff barriers.Tariff barriers include import taxes or duties imposed on imported goods, making them more expensive and less competitive compared to domestically produced goods. Tariffs can be specific (fixed amount per unit) or ad valorem (percentage of the value).Non-tariff barriers include quotas, which limit the quantity of goods that can be imported, and subsidies, which provide financial support to domestic industries, making them more competitive. Other non-tariff barriers include technical standards and regulations, licensing requirements, and government procurement policies.Question 3:What are the advantages and disadvantages of free trade?Answer:Advantages of free trade include:1. Increased economic efficiency: Free trade allows countries to specialize in producing goods and services that they have a comparative advantage in, leading to increased efficiency and higher economic output.2. Consumer benefits: Free trade provides consumers with a wider variety of goods and services at lower prices, as it encourages competition and reduces monopolistic practices.3. Economic growth: Free trade stimulates economic growth by promoting investment, innovation, and job creation.Disadvantages of free trade include:1. Job displacement: In certain industries, free trade can lead to job losses as domestic companies face competition from imported goods. However, proponents argue that the overall benefits outweigh these localized disadvantages.2. Economic dependence: Over-reliance on imported goods can make a country vulnerable to supply disruptions or price fluctuations in the global market.3. Unequal distribution of wealth: Free trade may contribute to income inequality within a country if the benefits are not distributed equitably.Question 4:What are the main objectives of international trade organizations?Answer:International trade organizations, such as the World Trade Organization (WTO), have several main objectives:1. Facilitating trade: International trade organizations aim to reduce trade barriers, simplify customs procedures, and promote the smooth flow of goods and services across borders.2. Ensuring fair trade: These organizations work to establish rules and regulations that can prevent unfair trade practices, such as dumping (selling goods below production cost) and subsidies that distort international trade.3. Resolving trade disputes: International trade organizations provide a platform for member countries to resolve trade disputes through negotiations and legal mechanisms.4. Promoting economic development: By facilitating trade and reducing trade barriers, international trade organizations contribute to the economic development of member countries, particularly those with limited resources or small economies.Question 5:How does international trade impact the environment?Answer:International trade can have both positive and negative impacts on the environment:1. Positive impacts: International trade can encourage the adoption of cleaner technologies and production processes through the transfer of knowledge and innovation across borders. It can also facilitate the conservation of resources through specialization, as countries can focus on producing goods and services that require fewer inputs.2. Negative impacts: Increased international trade can lead to a surge in transportation activities, which contributes to air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Moreover, some industries may exploit natural resources without adequate environmental regulations in place, leading to environmental degradation.To mitigate the negative environmental impacts of international trade, it is essential to promote sustainable trade practices and implement robust environmental regulations and standards.In conclusion, international trade is an integral part of the global economy and plays a vital role in the economic development of countries. It is important to understand the various aspects of international trade, including trade barriers, the advantages and disadvantages of free trade, the objectives of international trade organizations, and the impact of trade on theenvironment. By fostering fair and sustainable trade practices, countries can reap the benefits of international trade while minimizing its negative effects.。

大学国际贸易学考试(习题卷6)第1部分：单项选择题，共58题，每题只有一个正确答案,多选或少选均不得分。

1.[单选题]When one of the original bills of lading was surrendered to the carrier, the othersbecame（?）.A)validB)validityC)invalidD)A+B答案:C解析:2.[单选题]下列进口关税的税率排序依次是由低到高的是（ ）。

A)最惠国税率、特惠税率、普通税率B)普通税率、最惠国税率、特惠制税率C)普通税率、特惠税率、最惠国税率D)普惠制税率、最惠国税率、普通税率答案:D解析:3.[单选题]中国拥有全世界1/5的人口，却只有全球1/12的耕地。

按照生产要素禀赋理论，如不考虑其他因素，中国应该（ ）。

A)出口土地密集型产品；进口劳动密集型产品B)出口土地密集型产品；进口资本密集型产品C)出口资本密集型产品；进口土地密集型产品D)出口劳动密集型产品；进口土地密集型产品答案:D解析:4.[单选题]绝对优势就是一国生产同种产品的劳动生产率绝对（ ）另一国。

A)高于B)低于C)等于D)不确定答案:A解析:5.[单选题]非歧视原则是世界贸易组织的基本原则之一，它包括：（ ）A)透明度原则B)最惠国待遇原则C)平等竞争原则D)市场开放原则答案:B解析:答案:B解析:7.[单选题]对于大批交易的散装货，因较难掌握商品的数量，通常在合同中规定（）A)品质公差条款B)溢短装条款C)立即装运条款D)仓至仓条款答案:B解析:8.[单选题]若信用证同事列明3个装运港XINGANG/QINHUANGDAO/TANGSHANG，在填制托运单时应填（）A)XINGANG/QINHUANGDAO/TANGSHANGB)XINGANGC)根据L/C提供的港口，只填写实际装运港的名称D)GUANGZHOU答案:C解析:9.[单选题]中国加入WTO议定书中承诺，农业产品的平均关税将降至（ ）A)13%B)14%C)15%D)16%答案:C解析:10.[单选题]汇票的抬头指（ ）。