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Lesson One Half a DayVocabulary1.1)Noun suffixes: -tion, -ment, -ing, -ness, -or/erAdjective suffixes: -ful, -less, -edAdverb suffixes: -ly2)1 adverbs: simply, hurriedly, terribly, possibly, miserably, politely, fortunately, practically, favorably, roughly, seriously2 adjectives: complete, accurate, particular, total, absolute, easy, angry, miserable, exact, final3 nouns: power/powerfulness, success/successfulness, care/carefulness, tear/tearfulness, meaning/mingfulness, home/homelessness, price/pricelessness4 verbs: express, impress, attend, celebrate, attract, spell, produce, pollute, prevent, oppose, organize, inform, appoint, require, judge4)1 differ2 differently, different3 difference4 serious, serious, seriously5 seriousness, seriously polluted6 Fortunately/ Luckily, pollution, seriouly pollute7 attention8 attentively, attentive21 take2 lose/find3 dry4 play5 take/have6 tell/read/write7 change/speak/read/cross8 life/facts/reality/difficulties9 an event/ a plan/ the news/ the death/ the marriage10 a country/a place/ privacy11 a river/ a street/ a bridge/ a desert/ the sea12 an end/ a decision/ a place13 workers/ waiters/ servants/ people31 on their own2 show off3 burst into4 given rise to5 brought about6 to resort to7 clinging to8 gave rise to9 took advantage of10 in vain, make, out of4 Translation1 They took advantage of our helpless situation and took over our company2 Although there are still difficulties ahead of us, I am sure that we Chinese people will have the wisdom to bring about the peaceful unification of your country on our own3 It’s wrong to put emphasis on noting but GDP. It will give rise to many serious problems.4 He loves to show off his wealth, but that is all in vain. People still avoid him as though he were poison.5 He soon fell in love with the village and was determined to make it a beautiful garden together with other villagers.6 We must spend more money fighting against global warming. In addtion, we must resort to tough laws. It is not just a matter of money.7 When the police arrived at the school, the students and teachers were still in a daze.8 This corrupt official was still clinging to his power. He refused to step aside.9 When the man finally came into view, I found it was my father. I didn’t know how he managed to find this place in the blinding snow. At that moment, I burst into tears.10 She glanced at him from time to time. It was the first time in her life that she had found herself looking at a young man like that.5 fill in the blanks with the correct prep. or ad.1 of2 from3 for4 out5 up6 up7 up for8 out9 with10 of12 of13 up61 the door lock, very angry2 the city gate wide open, playing the guqin, very strange3 quite obvious/clear, his successor4 worried/anxious, talking to yourself5 so heavily polluted, pay the price6 the ground shaking/trembling/quaking, rolling down7 laugh, laugh himself8 put these things in order, do it9 lying in the grass, covered with blood10 interested in gardening or painting, keep him busy11 hear her say, put off/postponed71 High/tall, huge2 vast, high3 tall, big/large4 every, affairs5 matter, countries/nations, big/huge6 affair, nation, matter7 state8 a few, big/huge/great, high9 everything, something10 anybody, any, nothing, nothing11 little, few, a little, a fewGrammar Work2 Fill in the blanks with correct forms.(1)Had overslept(2)Had invited(3)Was born; had left(4)Had gone; told(5)Had worked; were admitted;(6)loved; had always been7 was, had been8 became, had read9 returned, came10 met, had once treated, said, was, had done, gorgave, asked1 easy2 beginning3 But4 suddenly5 worried6 If7 master8 number9 habit10 go5．1 takes2 turn a boy into a man/ make a man out of a boy3 tried to persuade4 had taken place5 searched his room for6 failed7 take advantage of8 would9 made/have made10 had imagined college was a paradise。
现代大学英语精读1课后练习题含答案第一部分：阅读理解阅读理解1The passage is mnly to introduce the readers to the American eating habits. The author starts by calling the attention of the readers to the fact that Americans are widely known around the world for their peculiar way of eating, by which they consume large amounts of fast food that is easily accessible all through the country. He goes ahead to expln that this eating habit is the cause of the numerous alarming health issues such as obesity and diabetes currently prevalent in the US. Finally, the author suggests various ways through which one can mntn a healthy American diet.阅读理解2According to the passage, the works of Leonardo da Vinci have had a vital impact on different fields such as science, art, and engineering. The author explns that the narrative of the famous artist andinventor’s remarkable life is not just a representation of his unique skills but also as an insight into the changes in history. In addition to the influence attributed to his works, Leonardo’s ideas and inventions have also inspired other scholars and scientists throughout history.阅读理解3The passage explns how integral music is to the human society. The author starts by explning that music is not only present in human everyday life as entertnment, but it has also been used as a tool for conveying religious or spiritual beliefs. Further, the article discusses the role that music plays in uplifting and stimulating one’s mood, especially during the difficult moments in life. Finally, the author highlights the role that music plays in cultural preservation.第二部分：简答题简答题1Irony is a situation whereby there is a contrast between what a speaker says and what they mean. It is a literary device that can be used to enhance the meaning of the text and make it more engaging and interesting. There are three types of irony, namely verbal, situational, and dramatic. Verbal irony occurs when a speaker says one thing but means another thing entirely, which is usually the opposite of what they say. Situational irony is a situation whereby the opposite of what is expected occurs. Dramatic irony is when the audience knows something the characters in the story do not.简答题2Metaphor is a figure of speech that compares two seemingly different things, highlighting their similarities. It is a literary device that helps to pnt a vivid picture of a concept or situation that might otherwise be challenging to describe. Metaphors can be found in most forms of literature, including poetry, plays and novels. An example of ametaphor is。
参考答案（Unit 1—8）Unit OneKey to ExercisePreview:1 True or false1F 2T 3F 4F 5T 6F 7T 8T 9T 10TVocabulary4. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets1. differ2. differently, different3. difference4. serious, serious, seriously5. seriousness, seriously polluted6. Fortunately/ Luckily, pollution, seriously, pollute7. attention 8. attentively, attentive4 Translate the following sentences using words and expressions taken from the text.1. 他们利用我们求助无门的困境把我们公司接管了。
They took advantage of our helpless situation and took over our company.2. 虽然我们面前仍有困难，但我肯定我们中国人有智慧靠自己实现国家的和平统一。
Although there are still difficulties ahead of us, I am sure that we Chinese people will have the wisdom to bring abou t the peaceful unification of our country on our own.3. 只强调国内生产总值是错误的，它会引起很多严重问题。
It is wrong to put emphasis on nothing but GDP. It will give rise to many serious problems.4. 他喜欢炫耀他的财富，但是这完全是徒劳的，人们仍然像躲避毒药那样躲避他。
大学英语精读一课后答案(完整版)大学英语精读第三版(上海外语教育出版社董亚芬主编)第一册Book1 Unit1答案1)e2)g3)j4)a5)b6)i7)c8)d9)h10)f1) handling2) summarized3) process4) absorb5) are bound to6) feel free7) for instance8) strategies9) complained10) has committed to memory11) Nevertheless12) rely on13) Apart from14) command1) over and over again2) at a time3) put it into practice4) watching out for5) by no means6) concentrate on7) In addition t8) in detail1)action2)employ3)announce4)examination5)communication6)express7)compose8)improvement9)concentration10)management11)consider12)motivate13)development14)movement15)discuss16)operate17)division18)production19)educate20)repeat1) additional2) add3) addition4) addition1) effectively2) effect3) effective4) effect1) helpful2) help3) helpless4) help5) helplessly6) helpfully7) helpful1) reliant2) reliable3) reliance reliable4) relies5) reliably6)1) repetition2) repeating3) repeatedly4) repeated5) repetition1) In my opinion2) According to Mary3) In our opinion4) According to today's papers5) In most doctors' opinion According to most doctors1) Shakespeare was not only a dramatist but also an actor.2) Miss Crain not only took me home in her car, but also camethe next day to see if I hadrecovered.3)Hainan Island attracts tourists not only in winter but also in summer.4)There is always a black market not only in Britain,but also in other European countries.5)At the Athens Olympics in 2004,Liu Xiang not only won a gold medal in the 110-meter hurdles,but also broke the Olympic record.1)It is true that your sentences are all grammatically correct,but they don’t make any sense.2) It is true that they lost that battle, but they still wenton fighting.3) It is true that Tom’s very clever and hardworking, but Istill don’t think he is the right person forthe job.4) It is true that learning English is by no means easy, butwe can make the task easier by usingsome learning strategies.1) strategies2) frequently3) over and over again4) commit to memory5) acquaintance6) watch out for7) communicate8) process9) opportunities10) rely on11) put into practice12) absorbed1) if2) about3) it4) know5) up6) as7) addition8) even9) into10) other11) for12) while1) memorize2) a matter of3) taught4) shelf5) realize6) written7) idiomatic8) join in9) difference10) gain a good command 翻译1)史密斯太太对我抱怨说，她经常发现与自己十六岁的女儿简直无法沟通。
新标准大学英语（第二版）综合教程1课后练习答案Unit 1Active Reading 1Reading and Understanding2 1,2,43 a, d, d, d, a, aDealing with Unfamiliar Words4 barely spill ignorant intelligent Sip peered impressive5 stumbled across rent out stretched out run out of checked in6 b, b, a, a, b, a, a, a,Active Reading 24 detect admirable subway inadequate scribbling persecution5 a, a, a, bLanguage in UseWith + present participle1 the first sentence: bthe second sentence: a2 1 With my father waiting in the corridor2 with me waiting in the queue3 With the rain pouring down4 With the music playing loudly5 With the lecture running late6 With my head spinning with ideasIt occurs to…that…3 1 It occurs to my father that the barely big enough for one person, so he leaves.2 It had never occurred to me that my handwriting is so bad that I can’t read it.3 It occurs to me that I've run out of clean clothes.4 Has it occurred to him that he doesn’t know what to wr ite for his term paper?5 It occurs to him that he could speak in an American accent so they wouldn't recognize him as a foreignerCollocations5 1 spilt out of 2 burst into tears 3 clean language 4 easier said than done5 climb through6 signed up for7 burst into bloom8 clean licence9 easy on the eyeUnit 2Active Reading 12 1(b) 2(b) 3(a) 4(a) 5(c)Dealing with unfamiliar words3 1 juicy 2 frank 3 perception4 nonsense5 resort6 gloomy7 yummy8 innocence4 1 enormous2 clung (The weather was very stormy so they dung to each other as they walked to the seaside restaurant.)3 region4 discarded5 implements; crack; scrape6 baking7 slippery5 1 emotion 2 despair 3 complain 4 frown 5 nasty6 teaseReading and Interpreting6 1,2,4Active Reading 2Dealing with unfamiliar words4 1 melted 2 properties 3 account for 4 stimulated5 confess6 crushed7 inherit8 manufacturing9 release5 (1)luxury (2) nourishing (3) mould (4) manufacturer (5) snap (6) condensed (7) flavour (8) popularity(9) genetic (a genetic) (10) traitLanguage in UseWord Formation1 airsick carsick non-fiction helpful seasick shopaholic non-smoker spoonful non-stop workaholic2 1 seasick 2 shopaholic3 helpful4 non-stop5 non-smoker 6non-fictionLeaving out words3 1... and the waiter had already brought an enormous portion of seafood, crabs, prawns, lobsters and all sorts of shellfish clinging onto each other...2 On his plate was a pile of discarded lobster claws, and alongside was a battery of implements used to crack the shells ...3 The next development was learning how to get cocoa butter from the beans, a process first tried in 1825.4 Condensed milk is a thick, sweet milk sold in cans.5 Hormones are a chemical substance produced by your body.Collocations4 1 intellectual property 2 developed / got... taste for 3 released ...film4 great/strong emotion5 personal property / enormous wealth6 implemented ... plan /policy / strategy7 inherited ... looks 8 speed up ... processUnit 4Active Reading 1Dealing with unfamiliar words3 1 whimper 2 rattle 3 jingle4 mute5 thudNow decide what word you can use to describe the sound of:(a)whimper (eg The whimpering dog was to escape to the corner of the room.)(b) mute (eg The enemy were coming nearer and nearer, so he muted his friend's shout; they must not be heard.)(c) thud (eg There was a dull thud as the box hit the floor.)(d) rattle (eg The old taxi rattled down the street.)(e) jingle (eg Just then there was the jingle of keys outside the door.)4 1 tossed 2 tones 3 fascinating 4 stacked; cashier5 significant; fund (My grandfather gave a significant sum of money to my college fund.)6 determination; defined5 1(a) 2(a) 3(a) 4(a) 5(b) 6(a) 7(b) 8(b) 9(b)Active Reading 23 c, a, d, b, d, cDealing with Unfamiliar Words4 1 perfectionist 2 innate 3 distracted 4 protective5 outgoing6 spoil7 mood8 legend (She was a Hollywood legend.)5 1 perfection 2 innately 3 outgoing 4 protect 5 spoiled6 mood7 distractions8 legend / legendary6 1(b) 2(a) 3(b) 4(b) 5(a)Reading and interpreting7 1 It means to be born into a rich or privileged family (they have enough money to have silver spoons for the newborn baby).2 It is easy to obtain and you don't have to make an effort for it.3 It refers to one of the basic parts that something is made from, which is very important for later development.4 You are likely to remember them m a way that will cause problems in the future(a similar expression is bottle it up, like keeping something in a sealed bottle).5 You are likely to talk about something which has been worrying you, so you feel better about it later.6 It is likely to be very funny (similar expressions are / killed myself with laughter /I fell about laughing).Language in Useas / when1 The first sentence: (b) Dad rolled the coins after the jar had been filled. The second sentence: (a) Dad was driving the car and at the same time was looking at his son.2 1 When 2 When3 As4 as5 When6 as7 WhenEmphasis3 1 You definitely need to be a perfectionist to succeed.2 My parents" role in our success really was that important.3 All your parents want is the best for you.4 One of the things I love about my father is his sense of humour.5 All you have to do to succeed is to work hard.Collocations4 1 significant composers 2 drop by 3 showed determination / demonstrated perseverance4 pension fund5 showed determination6 dropped ... off7 bad moodTranslation5 在美国绝大多数美国人都与有血缘关系或婚姻关的人一起生活。
现代大学英语精读1unit5参考答案现代大学英语精读1 Unit 5参考答案Part I: Vocabulary and Structure1. Vocabulary (词汇)- 1) innovative: 创新的- 2) accumulate: 积累- 3) diverse: 多样的- 4) conventional: 传统的- 5) embrace: 拥抱，接受2. Phrasal Verbs (短语动词)- 1) look into: 调查- 2) put forward: 提出- 3) carry out: 实施- 4) break down: 分解，失败- 5) come up with: 想出3. Collocations (搭配)- 1) a wealth of: 大量的- 2) a range of: 一系列- 3) a sense of: 一种...的感觉- 4) an approach to: 对...的方法- 5) a basis for: ...的基础4. Cloze Test (完形填空)- [略] 根据上下文语境填入合适的词汇或短语。
Part II: Reading Comprehension1. Comprehension Questions (阅读理解问题)- 1) What is the main idea of the passage?- The main idea is about the importance of innovation in various fields and how it drives progress.- 2) Why is innovation considered essential in today's society?- Innovation is essential because it leads to new ideas, products, and solutions that improve our lives and address complex challenges.2. True or False (判断题)- 1) True. The passage mentions that innovation is a key driver of economic growth.- 2) False. The text does not state that all innovations are immediately accepted by society.3. Answer the Following Questions (回答问题)- 1) What are some examples of innovation mentioned in the text?- Examples include technological advancements, new business models, and creative solutions to social issues.- 2) How can individuals foster a culture of innovation? - Individuals can foster a culture of innovation by being open to new ideas, taking risks, and continuously learning and adapting.Part III: Cloze Test with Disturbed Sentence Structure- [略] 根据句子结构和语法规则填入合适的词汇或短语，以恢复句子的完整性。
1．第1题Students sometimes support themselves by（） of evening jobs.A.. waysB.offersC.meansD.helps您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.02．第2题“Which of these two ties will you take?”“I’ll take to give me a change sometimes.”A. eitherB.both C.neither D. allA.eitherB.bothC.neitherD.all您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.03．第3题Crusoe’s dog became ill and died,（） made him very lonely.A.asB.whichC.thatD.this您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.04．第4题Dark glasses are sometimes worn to（） the eyes from strong sunlight.A.preventB.careC.defendD.protect您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.05．第5题Not only（） the data fed into it, but it can also analyze them.A.can the computer memorizeB.the computer can memorizeC.do the computer memorizeD.can memorize the computer您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.06．第6题I bought a shirt because it was good in quality and（） in price.A.reasonableB.valuablefortableD.enjoyable您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.07．第7题Hardly had Julie graduated from university （）she got a job in a bank.A.thanB.whileC.whenD.then您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.08．第8题We have studied English for only one year,（） we can perform English short play already.A.forB.andC.yetD.or您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.09．第9题Few of us thought that the problem was worth（） .A.discussB.discussedC.discussingD.to discuss您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.010．第10题I don’t think（） possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A.thisB.thatC.itsD.it您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.011．第11题I（） up early this morning, so I stayed in beduntil 8 o’clock a.m. .A.needn’t have gotB.didn’t need to getC.shouldn’t have gotD.can’t have got您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.012．第12题Tom told his mother he was going to go over his lessons but（） he went to bed.A.almostB.actuallyC.immediatelyD.hardly您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.013．第13题（）that leather shoes are hand-made, the price seems reasonable.A.In view ofB.BecauseC.SinceD.Considering您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.014．第14题English teachers are（） needed in remote areas.A.badlyB.nearlyC.scarcelyD.rarely您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.015．第15题The number of the teachers in our college（）greatly increased this term.A.isB.hasC.areD.have您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.016．第16题She doesn’t speak（） her friend, but her written work is excellent.A.as well asB.so often asC.so much asD.as good as您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.017．第17题He won’t（） to bring me my umbrella unless I tell him again.A.forgetB.remindC.rememberD.realize您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.018．第18题Science has made（） possible for machines to take the place of human labour.A.thisB.thatC.itsD.it您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.019．第19题Train services are now back to（） after last week’s strike.A.ordinaryualC.normalD.natural您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.020．第20题“Where do you suggest going?” “We promised （）the children to the West Lake.”A.takingB.to takeC.takenD.took您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.021．第21题The gate is too（）for a car; we’ll have to walk through.A.shallowB.looseC.broadD.narrow您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.022．第22题When you are planning a garden party, you’ll have to take the weather into （）.A.regardB.accountC.countingD.observation您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.023．第23题Everyone else was killed in the accident. I was the only one to（）.A.relieveB.aliveC.releaseD.survive您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.024．第24题（）what the situation would be like, they decided to keep silent.A.Knowing notB.Not knowC.Not knowingD.Having not known您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.025．第25题“Are you ready for your paper?” “Not yet. I need（）to read through it.”A.other three minutesB.another three minutesC.three other minutesD.more three minutes您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.026．第26题He（） his leg when he（） in a football match against another school.A.broke; playedB.was breaking; was playingC.broke; was playingD.was breaking; played您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.027．第27题The British people and the American people not only speak the same language but（） a lot of special customs as well.A.shareB.spareC.. holdD.carry您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.028．第28题It was the training that he had as a young man （） made him such a good engineer.A.thatB.hasC.whatter您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.029．第29题I got a letter from my sister,（） me that she would visit us next month.A.tellsB.toldC.tellingD.to tell您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.030．第30题I’d love to join you（） I have to drive my son to his football game.A.thoughB.thereforeC.butD.while您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.031．第31题Last summer I took a course on（） .A.how to make dressesB.how dresses to makeC.how to be made dressesD.how dresses to be made您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.032．第32题Under no （）will I try it again.A.circumstancesB.situationC.timeD.occasion您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.033．第33题This hotel （） $ 60 for a single room with bath.A.claimsB.demandsC.pricesD.charges您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.034．第34题By nine o’clock I（） that my guests were not coming.A.recognizedB.realizedC.understoodD.noticed您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.035．第35题The doctor suggests that I should sleep with the window open（）it’s very cold.A.ifB.unlessC.whenD.since您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.036．第36题（）took us several hours to clear the snows and open the road to traffic.A.TheyB.AllC.HeD.It您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.037．第37题We were so late getting to the theatre that we missed most of（） .A.the act firstB.act oneC.act firstD.first act您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.038．第38题Very seldom（） that two clocks or watches exactly agree.A.you findB.you will findC.you do findD.do you find您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.039．第39题Of all the problems, this one is of the（）importance.A.greatB.moreC.lessD.greatest您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.040．第40题His speech made（） deep impression on the audience that they could hardly forget it.A.such aB.so aC.soD.such您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.041．第41题When we breathe, the oxygen in the air（） with our blood and gives us life.A.fillsB.goesC.takes inD.mixes您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.042．第42题You never told us why you were one hour late for the last meeting,（） ?A.we ren’t youB.didn’t youC.have youD.did you您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.043．第43题It rarely snows in the south in winter,（） ?A.is itB.isn’t itC.doesn’t itD.does it您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.044．第44题They often（）the scientist’s name, but they have never seen him.A.learn fromB.hear fromC.hear ofD.listen to您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.045．第45题Who is going to （） the telephone ?A.replyB.respondC.answerD.pick您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.046．第46题The computer center,（） last year, is very popular among the students in this school.A.openB.openingC.having openedD.opened您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.047．第47题We haven’t seen the Swans for over a week. They （） on a trip abroad.A.could goB.must goC.may have goneD.would have gone您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.048．第48题I am going to（） a group of foreign guests.A.receiveB.acceptC.getD.bring您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.049．第49题They finally got to the village （）a rainy evening.A.inB.onC.atD.by您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.050．第50题About 100 new students have been （） in the English Department.A.dismissedB.admittedC.graduatedD.entering 您的答案：D 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：0.0。
Unit 5 Key to exercises:VocabularyI.Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.1.that is current2.difficult to find or obtain3.make an effort to attain4.Insist on / Stick to // despite / when faced with5.Always recognize and praise rightly others’ achievement6.behave in a way that is natural or normalII. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word or phrase taken from the box in its appropriate form.1. appointed2. politically3. account for4. succumbed to5. ensured6. instinctively7. tough8. object9. challenge 10. seductive III. Choose the word that best completes each of the following sentences.1. D2. A3. B4. C5. B6. A.7. C8. AIV. Fill in each blank with one of the two words from each pair and note the difference of meaning between them.1. a. Morality b. morality c. ethics d. ethicsMorality means the rightness or pureness of behavior; ethics refers to (the study of) questions about what is morally right and wrong2. a. demands b. asked c. asking d. demandedDemand commonly suggests a speaker in authority who bluntly insists upon being obeyed and does not intend to be contradicted, while ask means to call on somebody for an answer or to request information or to invite. Also, the usage and structural requirements of these two words are different, as is shown in the exercises.3. a. real b. genuine c. real d. genuineGenuine emphasizes the fact of not being spurious, adulterated, imitated or counterfeit, while real refers to physically existent things.4. a. preserve b. preserve c. save d. savePreserve emphasizes keeping something that is valuable exactly as it is, without change and even without using it at all. Save suggests rescuing something with a sense of great urgency.V. Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.1. truthful (upright, frank)2. outer (external exterior)3. rare (uncommon, scant)4. fire (sack, dismiss)5. resolutely (determinedly, unyielding)6. fearless (dauntless, brave, bold)7. unpleasant (disagreeable)8. unfashionable (old-fashioned, outdated)VI. Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate form of the given capitalized word in brackets.1. inexperienced2. rightful3. impoliteness4. handful5. heady6. straightening7. sleepy8. beggarGrammarI. Explain the functions of the following imperative sentences.1.Givinginstruction2.Expressing a wish3.Making a suggestion4.Giving an order5.Giving an order and expressing anger6.Inviting7.Warning8.ForbiddingII. R ewrite the following using the imperative.1. Take a break.2. Let’s not stay here any longer.3. Stop criticizing others.4. Have another biscuit, please.5. In this play you be the princess and I be the witch.6. Go and buy yourself a new pair of shoes.7. Don’t you ever be late again! / Never be late again!8. Let us never forget the brave men and women who made the ultimate sacrifice. III. Add a question tag to the following statements.1. will/can/can’t you2. will / won’t you3. will you4. shall we5. would/could/can you6. will/won’t/can’t you7. will you8. shall weIV. Arrange the following sentences according to the degree of politeness.3, 5, 4, 8, 7, 2, 1, 6V. Complete the following sentences with the words or phrases in the box.1. another2. another3. others4. other5. another6. the other7. the others8. another, othersVI. Make sentences of your own after the sentence given below, using wh-clausesassubject complements.Additional example: And that is exactly what her parents expected her to be—a world famous ballerina.TranslationI. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1. 人的一生就像被刚降下的雪覆盖的田野，无论在哪儿走过都会留下自己的足迹。
2. 他们本能地明白：为人正直就意味着具有个人道德和伦理的标准，那就是决不迁就权宜之计，也不为眼前的形势所左右。
3. 那些缺乏真正的根本价值观的人依赖于外因——自己的长相或地位——以获得良好的自我感觉。
4. 为人正直就意味着凡事都因其正确而为之，并非仅仅是为了赶时髦或趋炎附势。
II. Translate each of the following sentences into English, using the word and phrases given in the bracket.1. That psychiatrist, who had talked about his patients, was charged with violatingprofessional ethics.2. Hanging on the walls of the classroom are some famous sayings, which inspireand urge people to exert themselves.3. All kinds of commodities are available (to you). Nothing is in short supply.4. We all trust the president of the board of directors, who is a man of absoluteintegrity.5. Before we vote for him, we want to know what he stands for.6. The defendant couldn’t account for the fact that the money was found in his house.7. When I saw that he was right, I had to back down.8. She has been appointed sales director, for she is both clever and diligent.9. One of the biggest challenges faced by the present government is that of creatingnew industries and new jobs.10. The enemy succumbed soon after our soldiers stormed its stronghold.Exercises for integrated skillsI. DictationIn order to learn to be one’s true self, / it is necessary to obtain a wide andextensive knowledge of what has been said and done in the world; / critically to inquire into it; / carefully to consider it; clearly to analyze it; / and earnestly to carry it out.It matters not what you learn, / but when you once learn a thing, / you must never give it up until you have thoroughly understood it. / It matters not what you try to think of, / but when you once try to think of a thing, / you must never give it up / until you have done it thoroughly and well.If another man succeeds by one effort, / you will use a hundred efforts. / If another man succeeds by ten efforts, / you will use a thousand.II. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate.1. how2. based3. leads4. chose5. discoveries6. response7. what(ever)8. state9. direct 10.BecauseWritingCombine the following sentences with appropriate subordinating conjunctions and delete unnecessary words.1. Although commercials are necessary for business, they can be annoying to the public.2. Health is above wealth because the latter cannot give so much happiness as the former.3. The manager wrote down the name of the new software for fear that he should/would forget it.4. He still won the game even though he had broken his wrist.5. My teacher seems to have a ready-made answer, no matter when / whenever / every time I ask him.6. No matter how / However much money you are making, you will never be able to buy your time back.7. One can not learn a foreign language well unless he studies hard.8. The lecturer raised his voice so that / in order that we could hear him clearly. Or: The lecturer raised his voice so that we hear him clearly.9. People do not know the value of health until they lose it.10. Just as one cannot judge a person by his appearance, so one cannot judge a book by its cover.。
