全新鲁教版54制八年级上册英语知识点汇总(全册 共16页)

八年级英语鲁教版重点知识整理短语:1、yard ｓａle现场出售，院子买卖2、check out 检查check up 检查，清理3、lookｔｈrough 看穿;仔细检查;穿过…看;对(某人）视而不见look up 向上看;查找；改善；拜访look ｆor 寻找looｋaｆter 照顾,照料，料理4、ｓaｙgｏodbye to ｓｂ道别see you ａgainI'ｌl bｅseｅing you．；So long.5、ｎo lｏngｅr不再,已不not any moreno morenot aｎy lonｇer６、ｐａrt wｉth 失去,卖掉，与…分割开7、asｆoｒ至于;关于8、to bｅhonest 说实话(to）teｌｌtｈｅtｒｕth9、clear oｕt 清除；离开；洗劫一空10、bｅｂaｃk ｔｏ回来，放回ｄepartｆrｏm 离开11、oｎe oｆ……中的一个１2、be ａway 离开,出发13、ｂe full oｆ充满14、ｒuｎaround 东奔西跑ｌook around 四周环顾ａround tｈe ｗoｒｌd全世界aｒouｎｄthreeｈourｓ大约三小时15、hundｒeｄs oｆ数以百计的１６、ｃlｏse to离…近,与…关系亲密1７、foｒ/sinｃｅ区别（1）ｓinｃe 的四种用法①、siｎｃe +过去一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、ago.199０，lastｍonth ，hａlf ｐａst sｉxI hａvｅbeen here sinｃe19９０.19９０起，我一直在这儿。

②、ｓｉnce＋一段时间+agoＩhａｖｅb e e nｈｅr e s i n c e f i v eｍo n t hｓa gｏ。

自从五个月前，我已经在这儿了。

③、sｉｎce+从句ＧreatChａnｇｅsｈavｅtaken pｌａce sincｅyou leｆt.自从你走后，已经发生了很大的变化。

八年级上册英语第四单元知识点归纳（鲁教版）》》》【重点短语】.workondoingsth.致力于做某事2.assoonas......一……就…....aslongas只要3.onceuponatime=longlongago从前4.continuetodosth.继续做某事5.makesth.happen使某事发生6.trytodosth.尽力做某事trydoingsth.试着做某事7.thejourneytosp.......之旅8.tellthe/astory讲故事9.puton穿上0.alittlebit+adj.=alittle+adj.=abit+adj.=kindof+adj.有点儿,有几分》》》【重点句型】.whatdoyouthinkabout/of...?SowhatdoyouthinkaboutthestoryofyuGong?你觉得愚公的故事怎么样?2.Itdoesn’tseemadj.todosth..Itdoesn’tseemverypossibletomove-amountain.把一座山给移掉好像不太可能。

3.Thisisbecause...Thisisbecausehecanmake72changestohisshapeandsize,tu rninghimselfintodifferentanimalsandobjects.这是因为他会根据他的形状和大小，做出72种变化，可以将自己变成不同的动物或东西。

4.…so…that+从句Sometimeshecanmakethesticksosmallthathecankeepitinh isear.有时候，他能够让他的金箍棒变得很小，以至于可以放在耳朵里。

5.Ittakesb.sometimetodosth..Becausetheyweresobigthatittookalongtimetowalktotheo therside.这些太高了，他们要花好长时间才能翻越过去。

鲁教版（五四制）英语八年级上册知识点Unit3What were you doing when therainstorm came?Section A重点单词及短语1.rainstorm暴风雨n.rainstorm可数名词，由rain+storm构成的合成词。

例：The rainstorm lasted all day.暴风雨持续了一整天。

2.go off发出响声，（闹钟）闹响，离开例：The alarm went off just now.刚才闹钟响了【拓展】go over复习go away离开go for a walk出去散步go fishing/shopping/skating/swimming去钓鱼/去买东西/去溜冰/去游泳3.begin开始v.begin的过去式为began,begin to do/doing sth.意为“开始做某事”例：Tom always begins doing/to do his homework at7pm.汤姆总是在晚上7点开始做作业。

【拓展】在以下情况下，通常用begin to do sth.①主语是物而不是人时例：It began to rain.天开始下雨。

②句中用了其-ing形式时例：It was beginning to get angry.我开始生起气来。

③begin后的动词为know，understand，realize等表示心理活动的同时例：They began to understand each other.他们开始彼此理解了。

4.heavily在很大程度上；大量地adv.常用来修饰动词表示程度。

形容风大的时候常用strong/hard，形容雨雪下得大的时候用heavily/hard.例：The wind is blowing strong.风在呼呼的刮。

It began to rain heavily.雨开始下大了。

【拓展】heavily的形容词形式heavy，意为“沉重的；重的”例：How heavy are you?你多重？5.pick up接电话例：I called you but you didn’t pick up.我给你打电话了，但你没接。

鲁版八上重点词组梳理Unit 1, Could you please clean your room? Section A1.do the dishes洗碗；洗餐具；洗盘子2.take out the rubbish倒垃圾3.fold the clothes叠衣服4.sweep the floor打扫地板5.make the/one’s bed铺床6.no problem没问题7.go out for dinner出去吃饭8.go to the movies去看电影9.stay out late在外面待到很晚10.get a ride搭车11.work on正在使用…；从事于…12.help out with… 帮忙处理；帮忙做某事13.at least至少14.finish doing sth. 完成某事15.any minute now很快；马上；随时；任何时刻16.pretty clean and tidy相当干净整洁17.be angry with sb.生某人的气e home from school/work放学/下班回家19. throw down扔下20. come over过来；顺便拜访21.take... for walk带…散步/遛弯take the dog for walk遛狗22.all the time频繁；反复；一直23.all day＝the whole day整日；整天24.all evening/night整夜25.shout back大声反驳26.walk away.走开27.the next day第二天28.find＋宾语＋形容词发现……怎样find the house clean and tidy发现房子干净整洁29.in surprise惊奇地；诧异地；吃惊地30.need to do sth.需要做某事31.neither of us我们两个都不32.as soon as 一……就……33.get something to drink弄些喝的东西34.hang out闲逛35.pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb.递给某人某物pass me the salt = pass the salt to me把盐递给我36.lend sb. sth. ＝lend sth.to sb.借给某人某物lend me some money lend some money to me 借给我一些钱37.try（not）to do sth.努力（不要）做某事38.get sth. wet把某物弄湿39.do chores做杂务；处理琐事40.borrow sth.（from sb.）（向某人）借某物Section B1.buy some drinks and snacks买一些饮料和小吃2.invite sb. to party邀请某人参加聚会3.have a test进行测验4.help out with chores帮忙做家务5.make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事6.have time to do sth.有时间去做某事7.a waste of time浪费时间8.let sb. do sth.让某人做某事9.spend time/money on sth.在某物上花费时间/金钱10.in order to do sth.为了做某事in order to get good grades为了得到好分数；为了取得好成绩11.get into good university进入一所好大学12.there is（no）need for sb. to do sth.某人（没）有必要做某事13.provide sth. for sb.＝provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children在家里给他们的孩子提供一个干净、舒适的环境14.mind doing sth.介意做某事15.It’s not enough to （just）do sth.（仅仅/只是）做某事是不够的16.It’s one’s job/duty to do sth.做某事是某人的工作/职责17.depend on依靠；信赖18.develop children＇s independence培养孩子们的独立性19.teach sb. how to do sth. 教会某人怎样做某事20. the idea of fairness公平的观念21. do one’s part in doing sth.尽自己的职责做某事22. have no idea不知道23. take care of＝look after照料；爱护24. as a result结果25 .fall ill/sick生病26. the earlier…，the better………越早…越好27. learn how to do sth.学会怎样做某事U nit 2, Why don’t you talk about to your parents?Section A1.talk to/with sb.和某人交谈2.too much homework太多的家庭作业3.too many after-school classes太多的课外辅导课4.get enough sleep得到足够的睡眠5.have free time to do sth.有空闲时间做某事6.allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事7.hang out with sb.与某人闲逛8.get into a fight with sb. ＝fight with sb.＝have a fight with sb.和某人打架/吵架9.go to sleep睡着；睡觉10.write sb. letter＝write a letter to sb.给某人写信11.call sb./call up sb.给某人打电话12.so that＋句子（引导目的状语从句）以便；为了13.surprise sb.＝make sb. surprised使某人吃惊14.be good at（doing）sth.擅长（做）某事15.talk about…（about是介词）讨论……16. on the phone打电话；在电话中17. look through快速查看；浏览18.give sth. back to sb. = return sth. to sb.把某物还给某人19.be angry with sb.生某人的气20.big deal重要的事21.work out成功地发展；解决22.get on/ along with...与……和睦相处/关系良好23.hang over（不愉快的事）逼近；威胁着24.elder brother哥哥25.be nice to sb.对某人好26.refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事27.at night在晚上28.feel lonely and nervous感到孤独和紧张29.offer to do sth.主动提出做某事municate with... 和…交流/沟通31.mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事32.all the time一直；频繁33.make sth. clear把……弄清楚34.make sb. angry惹某人生气35.be worried about/worry about… 担心……36.copy one’s homework抄某人的作业37.borrow one’s things without returning them 借别人的东西不还38.leave sth. at home把某物落在家里39.be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事40.in front of.在……前面41.not…any more = no more 不再Section B1.play sports做运动2.play computer games玩电脑游戏3.spend time alone独自打发时间4.give sb. lot of pressure（pressure为不可数名词）给某人施加很大压力5.have enough free time有足够的休闲时间6.have a fight with sb.和某人打架/吵架pete with....和…竞争/对抗8.be unhappy with sb.与某人不开心，对某人不满意9.free time activities业余活动10.help each other相互帮助pete with sb.与某人竞争12.have after-school lessons上课外辅导班13.on weekends＝on the weekend在周末14.so many/much那么多15.take so many after-school classes上那么多课外辅导课16.learn exam skills学习应试技巧17.take sb. to piano lessons带某人上钢琴课18.cut out删除；删去19.be important for one’s future对某人的未来是重要的20.want sb. to be successful想让某人成功21.not... until… 直到……才……22.have a quick dinner匆忙吃过晚饭23.mother of three（children）一位三个孩子的母亲24.send…to… 把……送到…25.all kinds of…各种各样的pare… with… 把……与……作比较/对比27.push sb. too hard把某人逼得太紧28.be good for one’s development对某人的发展有好处29.keep on happening持续发生30.physical exercise体能锻炼31.practice of skills技能练习32.be the first to do sth.第一个做某事的人33.look for differences and similarities between things在事物中寻找相同点和不同点34.agree with sb.同意某人的想法35.from a young age从很小开始36.in one’s opinion依……看37.keep trying to do sth.不停地努力做某事38.help sb.（to）relax有助于某人放松39.turn down the TV调低电视音量40.do something quiet做一些安静的事情Unit 3, What were you doing when the rainstorm came?Section A1.at the time of...在……的时候2.on the street在街上3.at the bus stop在公共汽车站4.wait for the bus等公共汽车5.walk home＝go home on foot步行回家6.go off（闹钟）发出响声7.pick up接电话8.take a hot shower洗热水澡9.rain heavily/hard下大雨10.many times许多次11.strong winds大风12.black clouds乌云13.feel like感觉像是14.a heavy rainstorm一场大的暴风雨15.in the neighborhood在小区16.put...over… 把……捂在……上17.a piece of wood一块木头18.make sure确保；一定19.beat（heavily）against.（猛烈地）撞上/敲打20.play card game打扑克；玩牌21.have fun玩得开心22.at first起初23.fall asleep进入梦乡；睡着24.die down逐渐变弱；逐渐消失25.wake up醒来26.in a mess一片狼藉；紊乱的状态或局面27.fallen trees歪倒的树木28.broken windows坏了的窗户29.clean up the neighborhood把小区清理干净30.break sth. apart把某物折断或分开31.bring sb. closer together使某人更加亲密地在一起32.in times of difficulty在困难时期33.take photos拍照34.play the piano弹钢琴35.turn on the radio打开收音机36.listen to the radio听收音机37.right away立刻；马上38.have a look看看39.the place of the accident事故现场40.talk about a car accident讨论一场交通事故41.in bad shape不成样子42.because of the heavy snow因为大雪Section B1.by the side of the road在路边2.wait for sb. to do sth. 等着某人做某事3.walk by走过；路过4.make one’s way前进；费力地前进make one’s way to school动身去学校；往学校赶5.an important event一个重要事件6.in American history在美国的历史上7.on this day在这一天8.be killed被杀9.at that time在那时10.on the radio 通过无线电11.be completely shocked被完全震惊12.the rest of... ……的其余部分13.in silence沉默；无声14.the World Trade Center世贸中心15.take down拆除；往下拽；记录16.have meaning to… 对……有意义17.remember to do sth.记得去做某事18.remember doing sth.记得做过某事19.tell the truth讲实情；说实话20.have trouble doing sth.做某事有困难have trouble thinking clearly难以清晰地思考21.a strange light in the sky空中有一道奇异的光22.point out…指出……23.as well也24.in the sixth grade在六年级25.call out大声喊出26.the happiest day of my life我一生中最幸福的一天Unit 4, An old man tried to move the mountains.Section A1.Journey to the West《西游记》2.Yu Gong Moves a Mountain《愚公移山》3.Hou Yi Shoots the Suns《后羿射日》4.Nu Wa Repairs the Sky《女娲补天》5.try to do sth.设法/努力做某事6.work on从事；忙于；致力于work on doing sth.致力于做某事7.as soon as…一……就……8.be moved by… 被……感动9.continue to do sth. 继续做某事10.take sth. away把某物带走/移走11. a good way to solve the problem一种解决问题的好方法12.a little bit有点；稍微13.keep doing sth.持续/不停地做某事14.give up（doing sth.）放弃（做某事）15.agree with sb.同意某人的观点/想法；赞同某人16.instead of doing sth.代替做某事17.for example 例如18.have different opinions about...对……有不同的观点19.neither of you你们两个都不20.be able to do sth.能够做某事21.a new TV program called… 一部叫……的新电视节目22.for the first time首次23.the main character主要人物24.in the traditional Chinese book在中国传统的书籍里25.in fact事实上26.make72 changes做出72种变化27.turn…into... 把……变成……28.a magic stick一根魔棍29.at other times平时；在其他时候30.excite sb.＝make sb. excited使某人激动e out出版；发表；出来32.help the weak帮助弱者33.more than（＋数词）＝over多于；超过34.become/be interested in..对…感兴趣35.one of the most popular stories最受欢迎的故事之一36.once upon time从前37.it takes sb. some time to do sth. 某人做某事花费多少时间38.have no time to do sth.没时间做某事39.fall in love with... 爱上……；喜欢上……40.can’t stop doing sth.情不自禁做某事；不能停止做某事41.get married结婚get married to sb.和某人结婚42.think of ways想出办法43.all over the world全世界44.fit sb.适合某人；合某人的身Section B1.sound stupid听起来愚蠢2.keep sth. for oneself为自己保留某物3.make sth. for sb. ＝make sb. sth. 为某人制作某物make special clothes for the emperor给皇帝做特殊的衣服4.in the forest在森林里5.the whole family全家6.make a plan to do sth. ＝plan to do sth.制订计划做某事7.save sb.＝save one’s life救某人8.in the moonlight在月光下9.go to sleep去睡觉；睡着10.get up起床11.along the way沿路12.be lost＝get lost迷路13.go to bed上床睡觉14.wake up醒来；唤醒15.pieces of bread面包屑16.on the ground在地上17.never mind不要紧18.find one’s way out找到出路；寻找解决方法19.lead sb. to sp. 引领某人去某地20.wonderful house made of bread, cake and candy由面包、蛋糕和糖果做成的美妙小屋21.learn about了解……；得知……22.because of the shining moon因为闪耀的月光23.the way home回家的路24.put on... 穿上。

Unit4 单元知识汇总【单词归纳】1. weak adj. 虚弱的，无力的be weak in 在某方面薄弱反义词strong2. god n. 神，上帝goddess 女神3. remind v. 提醒，使想起remind sb. + that/what 从句Would you please remind him that our meeting has been put off?remind sb. to do 提醒某人做某事Please remind me to post the letter.remind sb. of/about sth.使某人想起某事，使想起I want to remind you of the school rules.4. bit n. 一点，小块a bit 一点儿，同义短语a little，a little bit后接形容词，副词a bit of +不可数名词一点儿……；同义短语a little5. magic n. 魔术magician n. 魔术师6. excite v. 使激动；使兴奋；excitement n. 兴奋；exciting /excited adj. 令人兴奋的/兴奋的7.Western adj. 西方国家的western adj. 西方的；方位+ern 构成形容词：eastern东方的；northern 北方的southern 南方的8. prince n. 王子princess n. 公主9. fit v. 适合；合身fit (sb.) well fit adj.健康的，强健的keep fitfit. 适宜的be fit to do 适宜做某事be fit for sth. 适合…….10.marry v. 结婚marry sb. 嫁给某人，与某人结婚be/get married to sb. 与某人结婚；marriage n. 婚姻11. gold n. 金子，金币/ adj. 金色的golden adj.金(黄)色的二. 重点短语1. work on doing sth. 致力于做某事2. as soon as ...... 一……就…….3. once upon a time 从前4. continue to do sth. 继续做某事5. make sth. happen 使某事发生6.try to do sth. 试图做某事7. the journey to sp. ……之旅8. tell the/a story 讲故事9. put on 穿上10. a little bit 有点儿11. keep doing sth. 坚持做某事12. give up 放弃13. instead of 代替;反而14. turn .. . into... 变成……15. get married 结婚16. the main character 主要人物；主人公17. at other times 在另外一些时候18. be able to 能；会19. come out (书、电影等)出版20. become interested in. 对……感兴趣21. walk to the other side 走到另一边去22. a fairy tale 一个神话故事23. the rest of the story 故事的其余部分24. leave sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事25. make a plan to do sth. 筹划/计划做某事26. go to sleep 去睡觉27. lead sb. to sp. 把某人领到某地28. get lost 迷路29. change one’s plan 改变计划30. tell sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事31. in the moonlight 在月光下32. find one’ s way home 找到某人回家的路33. the next day 第二天34. send sb. to sp. 派某人去某地【语法专项】1. unless 引导条件状语从句unless 是连词，意为“除非，如果不”，unless引导的条件状语从句，同if... not。

鲁教版（五四学制）八年级上册英语期末复习各单元语法知识点清单Unit 1 Could you please clean your room知识清单一、单词一一词性和词形变化I.depend v．依赖-dependent adj依靠的－（反义词）independent adj.独立的—independence n．独立；2.fair ad j公平的一一（反义词）unfair ad」不公平的－�公正性3.Lll adj有病的-illness n疾病4.can情态动词“能，可以“一过去式：could5.sweep v.打扫一过去式：swept6. dish n.菜，碟千一复数：dishes7.live v居住，生活一现在分词：l i vin g二、重要短语和知识点Section A1.do the dishes 洗碗；洗餐具：洗盘子2.take out the rubbish倒垃圾3.fold the clothes叠衣服4.sweep the floor打扫地板5.make the/ one's bed 铺床6.clean the living room打扫客厅7.no problem没问题8.go out for dinner出去吃饭9.go to the movies 去看电影10.stay out late 在外面待到很晚11.get a ride搭车12.work on正在使用；从事于13.help our with帮忙处；帮忙做某事14.at least 至少15.finish doing slh充成某事16.any minute now很快：马上；随时：任何时刻17.pretty c lean and tidy相当干净整洁18.be angry w ith sb生某人的气e home from school/work放学／下班回家20.throw down扔下21.sit down in front of the TV在电视机前坐下e over走过来；顺便拜访23.take--for a walk带．．．散步／遥弯titke the dog for a walk遥狗24.all the tim e频繁；反复；一直25.all day= the whole day整日；整天26.all evening/ night整晚／夜27.do housework做家务28.shout back大声反驳：大声回应29.walk away 走开30.the next day第二天31.find＋宾语＋adj发现．怎样find the house clean and tidy 发现房子干净、整洁32.in surprise惊奇地：诧异地：吃惊地34.neither of us 我们两个都不35.as so on as-－－－－就－－－－36.get something to drink弄些／拿点喝的东西37.hang out闲逛38.pass sb slh = pass sth to sb递给某人某物pass me the salt= pass the salt to me把盐通给我lend some money t o me 39.lend sb sth= lend sth to sb借给某人某物lend me some money借给我一些钱40.try(not) to do sth努力（不要）做某事41.get sth wet 把／将某物弄湿42.do chores做杂务：处理琐事43.borrow sth (from sb)（向某人）借某物Section BI.invite sb to sp邀谐某人去某地invite sb to do sth邀诮某人做某车2.go to the store去商店3.have a test进行刹验4.make sb do sth使／让某人做某事5.help with housework帮忙做家务＝help sb. do housework6.a waste of time 浪费时间7.not have time to do sth =have no time to do sth没时间做某事8.spend time on sth在某物上花费时间spend time doing sth.花费时间做某事9.in order to 目的是：为了JO.get good grades取得好成绩11.get into a good university进入一所好大学12. there is no need for sb to do sth. 某人没必要做某事13.it's one's job to do sth. 做某事是某人的工作14.provide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth为某人提供某物JS.mind doing sth. 介意做某车16.its not enough to do sth做某事是远远不够的I 7.depend on依靠：信赖depend on呻too much过千依赖I 8.be always doing sth一且在做某事19.develop children's independence培养孩子们的独立性20.take care of= look a fter照顾：处理take good care of sb =look after sb. well好好照顾某人21.do one's part in doing sth.尽某人一份力做某事22.have no idea不知道23.as a result因此；结果24.fall ill生病fall sick生病25.the earlier…the better...越早．．，越好26.learn to be independent 学会独立27.agree with sb.同意某人的观点agree to do sth同意做某事28.It's fair/unfair for sb.to do sth.“对某人来说做某事是（不）公平的＂29.for example= such as 例如30.the idea of fairness 公正性的概念31.teach sb how to do sth. 教会某人怎样做某事三、句子Section AI.Peter, could you please take out the rubbish?彼得，请你倒一下垃圾好吗？2.Could I at least finish watching this show?至少让我看完这个节日行吗？3.I think two hours of TV is enough for you!我认为两个小时的电视对你来说足够了！4. And she won't be happy if she sees this mess并且如果她看到这么杂乱，会不商兴的。

Unit2 SectionA教材知识详解1.My parents don’t allow me to hang out with my friends.我父母亲不允许我和朋友一块儿闲逛。

allow v. 允许；准许。

allow sb.(not) to do sth.(不)允许某人做某事。

如：My parents don’t allow me to stay up late. 我父母不允许我熬夜。

be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事；allow doing sth.允许做某事。

2.W hy don’t you go to sleep earlier this evening?你今晚为什么不早点睡觉？Why don’t you do sth.?是提建议的句型，相当于Why not do sth..?意为：为什么不……？后面要加动词原形。

如：Why don’t you write to me?=Why not write to me ?表示建议的其它句型：1) What about doing sth...? ……怎么样？如：What about going to the park?去公园怎么样？2) How about doing sth....?……怎么样？如：How about going to the park? 去公园怎么样？3) You’d better do sth. 你最好……。

如：You’d better do your homework now.你最好现在做作业。

4) Let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事。

如：L et’s go to the park.咱们去公园吧。

3.You should call him so that you can say you’re sorry.你应该给他打电话这样你就能对他说对不起了。

so that引导目的状语从句时，表示“以便；为了”。

Unit 1 What does he look like1.词汇篇：short hair long haircurly hair straight hairtall shortmedium height medium buildthin heavy2．What does he look like译文他长得什么样儿回答这个句子要说所问人的身高;胖瘦;头发、皮肤、眼睛的颜色等..e.g.—What does he look like他长什么样—He has brown hair and wears glasses.他长着棕色的头发;戴眼镜..look like…表示“看起来像……”..通常在后面接名词或代词.. e.g.He looks like his father.他看起来像他的父亲..辨析：look like与look the same1look like…“看起来像……”;相当于be like;此处like是介词;后面通常接名词或代词..e.g.A looks like B.=A is like B.A看起来像B..2look the same“看起来很像;看着一样”;其后不跟名词或代词..e.g.A and B look the same.A和B看起来很像..—Who does she look like她看起来像谁—She looks like her mother.她看起来像她的妈妈..—What does she look like=What is she like她长什么样—She is tall. /She has two big eyes and a small mouth.她个子高../她长着两只大眼睛和一张小嘴..The two books look the same.这两本书看起来一样..3．Well; he has brown hair and wears glasses.译文他长着棕色的头发;戴眼镜..在英语中;描述颜色的词语也有很多;常见的有以下几种：注意：描述颜色的词修饰名词时要放在名词前..e.g.blond hair 金黄色的头发blue eyes 蓝色的眼睛You have black hair; and she has red hair.你长着黑头发;她长着红头发..4．Is he short or tall译文他矮还是高这是一个由or连接的选择疑问句..由or构成的选择疑问句;其结构是一般疑问句或特殊疑问句加选择部分;选择部分用or连接;回答时不用Yes 或No;而是直接选择..e.g.—Do you want to play basketball or soccer你是想打篮球还是踢足球—I want to play soccer.我想踢足球..—Does Sally have long or short hairSally有长头发还是短头发—She has long hair.她有长头发..5．He’s of medium height.译文他中等身高..be of medium height 中等身高be of medium build 中等身材be of medium height and build 具有中等身高和体型e.g.She has short hair and she is of medium height and build.她头发很短;中等身高和体型..注意：用be动词描述人的体重、身高；用have/has描述人的头发.. 6．Many people don’t always see things the same way so they may describe the same person differently.译文人们并非总是以同样的方式看待事物;所以他们会将同一个人描述地不一样..1same和different是一对反义词;前者表示“相同的；同样的”;后者表示“不同的；有区别的”..same作为形容词时往往用在名词之前;且之前往往有定冠词the..e.g.the same way 相同的方法；同样的路子；同样的方式the same person 同一个人；同样的人2differently是different的副词形式;在句中修饰动词;表示“不同地；有区别地”..3people和personpeople表示“人；人们”;为复数名词；person为单个的人;有复数形式..e.g.two persons 两个人He’s a very nice person.他是一个非常不错的人..There are a lot of people in the park on the weekend.周末公园里有很多人..4describe v. 描述；形容e.g.Words can’t describe the beauty of the scene.那景色之美难以言传..Describe to me how you were received.跟我说说接待你的情况..description n. 描述；形容e.g. He’s not very good at description.他不大擅长描写叙述..Can you give me a description of the thief你能给我形容一下那个窃贼的模样吗7．Also; they don’t always remember well.译文而且;他们并不总是记得牢靠..当also用于句首时;其后往往有逗号与句子的其他部分隔开..这时;also 用于修饰整个句子;相当于汉语中的“同时；还；而且”..e.g.Mr. Feng’s class is interesting. Also; he makes it easy to understand.冯老师的课很有趣..同时;他还把课讲得简单易懂..also也常表示“也”;往往位于句中be动词之后;行为动词之前..e.g.My father can speak English. He can also speak French.我爸爸会说英语;他也会讲法语..Jane’s brother is twelve. Her sister is also twelve. They are twins.简的哥哥十二岁;她姐姐也是十二岁..他们是双胞胎..8．Another woman says; “He is tall and thin; and he has curly blond hair. He’s about thirty years old.”译文另一位妇女说：“他很高很瘦;有着棕色的卷发;他大概三十岁左右..“another表示“三者或三者以上又一;另一”..e.g.Would you like another piece of bread你想再要一片面包吗I want another book.我想再要一本书..辨析：another; the other与others三者均可表示“另外;其他的”;其区别在于：1another和the other均可表示“另一个”;但是前者指同类人或事物不定数目中的另一个;后者指两个人或事物中的另一个..e.g.Look at the difficulty in another way.从另一个角度看待困难..I have two dogs. One is black and the other is white.我有两只狗;一只是黑的;另一只是白的..2another只有单数形式;other则有单复数两种形式..e.g.You will never see such another.那样的人你可能再也看不到了..Some people came by car. Others came on foot.有些人坐汽车来;其他人走着来..9．In the end; the real criminal is a short and heavy old man; and he has short black hair译文最后;真正的罪犯是一个矮胖的上了年纪的男人;并且长的是黑色的短发..in the end 最后；终于e.g.I was saved in the end.我最后获救了..辨析：in the end和at the end of1in the end“最后;最终”;与at last/finally同义..e.g.He succeeded in the end.他最后成功了..2at the end of“在……末/终点”;指时间和位置..e.g.At the end of the road you can see the hospital.在这条路的终点你可以看到那家医院..The sports meeting will be held at the end of this month.运动会将在这个月的月底举行..Unit 2 I’d like some noodles.2．What would you like译文你想要什么would like为动词短语;意为“想要;愿意”;相当于want;但比want语气委婉;没有人称和单复数的变化;would可以和主语缩写成“’d”的形式.. 它比较固定的搭配有三种：1would like sth. 跟名词或代词作宾语表示想要某物..e.g.I’d / I would like some noodles.我要些面条..2would like to do sth. 想干某事e.g.He’d / He would like to talk with you.他想和你谈谈..What would people like to eat on their birthday人们在生日的时候想吃什么3would like sb. to do sth. 想要某人干某事e.g.They’d / They would like me to stay here.他们要我留下来..3．Yes; there are some tomatoes.译文是的;里面有些西红柿..以o结尾的名词复数有的要加-es;有的要加s;同学们不妨记住下面两句话：1小马虎弹着钢琴piano听着收音机radio;又到动物园zoo照了张相photo;但考试得3个大鸡蛋零分 zero;一律加s..2黑人Negro英雄hero爱吃土豆potato和西红柿tomato;全部加es.. 4．May I take your order译文请问可以点餐吗order这里用作名词;表示“点菜;叫菜”..take one’s order点餐;点菜此外;order可以用作动词;表示“叫……点……”..e.g.Are you ready to order yet; madam太太;你可以点菜吗5．What size would you like译文你要多大碗的size为名词;意思是“尺寸、尺码、大小”..既可以表示物体的大小;又可以用来表示服装、鞋帽等的尺码、号码等..常以large;简写为LXL超大号的;medium简写为M中号的;small简写为S小号的来表示..e.g.What size shoes do you wear你穿多大的鞋I wear size 7.我穿七号的..6．If he or she blows out all the candles in one go; the wish will come true.译文如果他她一口气把蜡烛全部吹灭的话;许的愿望便会成真..1or是连词;意为“和”;用于否定句..e.g.I don’t like onions; green tea or porridge.我不喜欢洋葱、绿茶和粥..or还可用作来表示选择;意为“或者;否则”等..e.g.Is it red or black是红的还是黑的Be quick; or you’ll be late.快点;否则你就要迟到了..在否定句中;如果所连的两个词前后都有否定词时;则用and;而不用or来连接..e.g.It has no arms and no legs.= It has no arms or legs.它没有胳膊;也没有腿..2in one go相当于汉语中的“同一次”;“一次性地”;其中的介词还可以用at;即at one go..e.g.You can’t do the work all in one go.你不可能一次把工作都干完..3come true表示愿望、梦想等的“实现”或“成为现实”..e.g.Make a wish; and it can really come true.许个愿;它一定会实现的..Keep on working and your dream will come true.不断干下去;你的梦想会实现的..7．All of these birthday foods may be different; but the ideas are the same.译文虽然所有这些生日食品可能会有所不同;但是想法都是一样的..1food表示“食物”时;一般为不可数名词..e.g.baby food 婴儿食品cat food 猫粮当food用作可数名词时;表示“某类食品”..此处birthday foods表示“各种各样的生日食品”..e.g.Doctors always say eating fatty foods is an unhealthy habit.大夫们总是会说吃各种油腻食品是一个不健康的习惯..2情态动词may表示“可能；也许”..e.g.He may come; or he may not.他或许来;或许不来..I may be late; so don’t wait for me.我可能会迟到;所以别等我..8．可数名词与不可数名词用法对比英语中的名词分为可数名词与不可数名词..不可数名词指无法用数量表示的名词;下面将把它们的用法列表进行对比..1可数名词①有单数和复数两种形式..如：a book;two books；a bus;three buses..②可以直接用不定冠词a /an或数词来修饰..如：a cake;an apple;four boys..③可以用some;any;few少;a few几个;many;a lot of来修饰复数名词..如：some girls;a few friends;many pears..④用how many来询问数量的多少..e.g.How many people are there in your family⑤单个的单数名词作主语时;谓语动词用单数；多个单数名词或复数名词作主语时;谓语动词要用复数..e.g.Jim comes from England.Lily and Lucy are twins.The students are reading English books.2不可数名词①只有单数形式..如：bread;tea;water;juice;milk..②不能用不定冠词或数词直接修饰..如：a rice×;a juice×;three water×..③可以用some;any;little少;a little一点;much;a lot of来修饰不可数名词..如：some milk;a little tea;a lot of food..④用how much来询问数量的多少..e.g.How much milk is there in the bottle⑤不可数名词作主语时;谓语动词用单数;但是;当不可数名词前面有复数名词短语修饰时;谓语动词就要用复数..e.g.There is some water in the glass.There are three bottles of water on the table.9．order、drink的用法及词的兼类现象本单元中出现的这两个词既可以用作动词;又可以用名词..如：order：①v.定货;预定②n.订单drink：①v.喝②n.饮料英语中把词的这种用法称为词的兼类现象;大致有如下几种情况：1名词和动词兼类..e.g.Give me a cold drink; please.请给我一杯冷饮..名词Please don’t drink tea in class.请不要在课堂上喝茶..动词2名词和形容词兼类..e.g.He teaches us English. 名词他教我们英语..He’s an English boy. 形容词他是一个英国男孩子..3形容词和代词兼类..e.g.I can see some flowers.我能看见一些花..形容词Some of us are good at boating.我们中的一些人擅长划船..代词4形容词和动词兼类..e.g.The windows are open.窗户是开着的..形容词Please open the door.请开门..动词5形容词和副词兼类..e.g.I want to take an early bus.我想乘早班车..形容词The shop closes early on Fridays.商店星期五关门早..副词6副词与介词兼类..e.ge in; please.请进来..副词What’s that in English那个用英语怎么说介词7名词与副词兼类..e.g.Is he at home他在家吗名词Let’s go home early.咱们早点回家..副词8动词和介词兼类..e.g.Do you like swimming你喜欢游泳吗动词Don’t say it like that.别像那样说..介词Unit 3 How was your school trip2．I saw quite a lot.译文我看过很多..这个句子说的是过去的事情;因此用的是一般过去时;谓语动词使用过去式形式..一般过去时表示过去的动作或状态;这种动作或状态可能是一次性的;也可能是经常性的..e.g.We often went to Wangfujing street last year.去年我们经常去王府井大街..Did you have a nice trip你旅行愉快吗We saw some farms and villages along the way.一路上我们看见了一些农场和村庄..1一般过去时有下面三种用法：①表示过去的动作或状态：e.g.I bought the hat yesterday.昨天我买了这顶帽子..He was at school last Monday.上星期一他在上学..②表示过去的习惯动作：e.g.When he was at school; he wrote a diary every day. 他上学时;每天写一篇日记..I used to get up early.我以前习惯早起..注意“used to＋动词原形”表示过去某一段时间内有规律的习惯..③表示过去发生的一连串的动作：e.g.The students got up early in the morning; did their morning exercise; fetched water; swept the floor and then studied English.学生们一早起来;做早操、打水、扫地;然后学英语..2用于一般过去时的时间状语有哪些用于一般过去时的时间状语有：yesterday; the day before yesterday 前天;just now刚才;last nightweek; Sunday; month; year; at that timemoment; then那时;a few daysweeks; months; yearsago等..3一般过去式的构成：规则变法和不规则变法规则动词的变化规则：直去双改①一般情况下在动词原形后直接加-ed..如：wanted; played..②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词;去掉e再加-ed..如：hoped; lived..③以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母再加-ed..如：stopped..④以辅音字母＋y结尾的动词改y为i;再加-ed..如：studied; worried..规则动词过去式的读音也有规律可循..请记住：清后t;元浊d;td之后读..①清辅音等后;ed要读t..如：worked; finished..②元音或浊辅音bgvzm等后;ed要读d..如：lived; called..③t或d后;ed读..如：started; needed..不规则动词变化;要逐一熟记..be动词过去式有两种形式;主语是第一、三人称单数形式使用was;其他人称用were..4一般过去时的句子构成形式：① be动词过去式的句式..否定句是在was /were后面加not; was notwasn’t /were notweren’t..一般疑问句是把was/were提前并放到句首;要求首字母要大写..e.g.—Were the strawberries good草莓好吗—Yes; they were. / No; they weren’t.是的;很好../不;不太好..②实义动词过去式的句式..肯定式：主语＋动词过去式＋其它..e.g.They had a good time yesterday.否定式：主语＋did notdidn’t＋动词原形＋其它..e.g.They didn’t watch TV last night.一般疑问句：Did＋主语＋动词原形＋其它肯定回答：Yes; 主语＋did.否定回答：No; 主语＋didn’t.e.g.Did they have a meeting two days agoYes; they did. /No; they didn’t.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋did＋主语＋动词原形＋其它e.g.What did you do last night昨天晚上你做了什么Where did he go last Sunday上个星期天他去哪儿了3．Did Carol take any photos译文卡罗尔照相了吗这个句子是以did开头的一般过去时的一般疑问句形式;注意在一般疑问句中;助动词did已经是过去式了;后面的谓语动词要还原成原形..e.g.Did you ride a horse你骑马了吗Did you see any cows你看过奶牛吗take与photo; picture等词搭配时;表示“拍摄；摄影”..表示“拍摄某物或某人”;则要在短语后面接介词of引入所拍摄的对象..e.g.Where’s your camera Let me take a picture of that house. It’s so beautiful.你的相机在哪儿让我给那栋房子照张相;它太漂亮了..That girl likes to take photos of herself with her cell phone.那个女孩子喜欢用手机自拍..4．How was your trip last week译文上周你的旅行怎么样当我们问对方某件事情感觉怎么样时;就用how引导的这个问句来提问..如果这件事情已经过去了;就要用过去时;比如这里的was..e.g.—How was the weather there那儿天气怎样—It was very sunny.非常晴朗..—How was the food there那儿的食物如何—Oh; it’s too delicious.噢;太美味了..5．It was so much fun.译文那真是蛮好玩的..文中指钓鱼、喂鸡挺有意思的fun表示“有趣的事情”;为不可数名词用法..e.g.Look; Peter. The children are having so much fun.彼得;你瞧..孩子们玩得多么开心..6．Lucky you译文你真幸运这是一句非正式口语;相当于You’re so lucky.lucky之后的人称还可改为me; him等..e.g.—There was no power at school last night. It was so dark.昨天晚上学校停电了;漆黑一片..—Lucky me I was not there.我多幸运呀;我不在那里..lucky的副词形式是luckily..7．We visited the science museum and it was really interesting.译文我们参观了科学博物馆;真的很有趣..本单元中出现了很多形容词;用来描述对某一件事情的看法..difficult lovely slow excitingboring cool hot luckylarge expensive terrible deliciousgreat cheap fast interesting8．Then the guide taught us how to make a model robot.译文然后向导教我们如何制作模型机器人..taught是teach的过去式形式;为不规则变法..这个句子中的how to make a model robot是特殊疑问词加不定式充当taught的宾语;类似的句子还有：e.g.I don’t know what to do.我不知道做什么9．All in all; it was an exciting day.译文总之;这是令人兴奋的一天..all in all相当于汉语中的“总的说来；总之；整体上说”;用来对所阐述的内容进行概括性总结及归纳..e.g.All in all; I think you did a good job.总的说来;我认为你干得很好..10．I didn’t like the trip at all.译文我一点都不喜欢这次行程..not at all/not…at all相当于“根本不；完全不”..e.g.I don’t like mutton at all.这羊肉我一点都不喜欢..She’s not at all good at badminton.她完全不擅长打羽毛球..Unit 4 What did you do last weekend 1．词汇篇：do my homework—did my homeworkgo to the cinema—went to the cinemago boating—went boatingcamp by the lake—camped by the lakego to the beach—went to the beachplay badminton—played badmintonsing and play the guitar—sang and played the guitar go to the library—went to the libraryswim in a swimming pool—swam in a swimming poolstudy for a test—studied for a testhave dinner with friends—had dinner with friendsfly a kite—flew a kitesit under the moon—sat under the moontell teach other stories—told each other storiesgo to sleep—went to sleep2．What did you do last weekend; Lucy露西;上周末你做了什么这个句子是谓语动词是实义动词的一般过去时的特殊疑问句用法..特殊疑问词＋did＋主语＋动词原形＋其它e.g.What did you do last night昨天晚上你做了什么Where did he go last Sunday上个星期天他去哪儿了Who did she go with她和谁一起去的注意：1当特殊疑问词是充当主语时;则不需要使用助动词did;直接用特殊疑问词加动词的过去式来表达就可以了..e.g.Who visited her grandma谁拜访了她的奶奶2当句子的谓语动词是be动词was/were时;特殊疑问句的结构为“特殊疑问词 + was/were +其它”e.g.How was your weekend你周末过得如何How was the weather in Beijing那时候北京天气如何3．How interesting译文多么有趣啊这是个感叹句..在英语中;感叹句有两种;what引导的感叹句和how引导的感叹句..这里我们先学习最简单的“How + 形容词或副词 + 感叹号”的感叹句;表示“多么……”e.g.Look at that bird. How beautiful看那只鸟;多么漂亮啊Some two hours ago we left Wuhan; but now we’re in Taiyuan. How fast差不多两个小时前我们才离开武汉;可现在我们在太原了多快啊4．Yeah; it was good; but I’m kind of tired now. I stayed up late to watch the soccer game.译文是的;很棒;但是我现在稍微有点儿困了..我熬夜看足球赛了..kind of为固定搭配;表示“稍微;有点儿;有几分”..e.g.I’m kind of interested.我有点儿感兴趣..It seems kind of ridiculous.看上去有点怪怪的..stay up late 深夜不睡;熬夜e.g.Don’t stay up late every day. It’s bad for your health.不要每天熬夜..对你的身体不好..5．Father Mouse shouted at the cat; “Woof; woof”译文老鼠爸爸冲着猫大声吼叫：“汪汪;汪汪”1woof是一个象声词;表示狗的叫声..再比如cluck; oink; quack; moo; meow等..2shout at sb.和shout to sb.的区别..shout to sb.意为“向某人喊话;向某人大声叫喊”;目的是让别人听见..e.g.The policeman shouted to the driver;“Stop”.警察向司机大声喊“停车”..shout at sb.意为“冲某人大声吼叫;嚷嚷有叫骂的含义”..e.g.The woman shouted at the man angrily.那位妇女生气地向那位男士喊着..6．Well; son; that’s why it’s important to learn a second language.译文所以嘛;儿子;这就是为什么学习外语重要啦..…it was important not to go near a snake; …重要的是不要靠近蛇.. It is + 形容词+ to do sth.是英语中一个重要的形容词句型;十分常见..能够这样用的形容词除important外;我们学过的还有easy; difficult 等;表示“做某事是重要、容易、困难的”等等..e.g.It’s easy to run; but it’s not so easy to be the first.跑步很容易的;但要当第一名却不那么容易..It’s difficult for me to study math.对我来说;学习数学好难啊..7．As a special gift; our parents took us to India.译文作为一份特殊的礼物;我爸妈带着我们去了印度..1此处介词as表示“作为……；当作……”;其后可以接职业、用途、特点等..用在句首时;这种短语的后面往往有逗号与语句的主体隔开..e.g.As a student; I must work hard.作为一名学生;我必须努力学习..2本句中动词take表示“带领”;take…to…则表示“带领某人去某处”..e.g.On Sundays; the father would take his son to the park.一到星期天;爸爸便会带他儿子去公园..8．But I was so tired that I went to sleep early.译文但是我太累了;所以早早就睡着了..英语中“so+形容词+that句子”;表示“太……以至于……”..e.g.I was so scared that I couldn’t move.我是那么害怕;一动都不敢动..The game is so interesting that I don’t want to stop playing it.这个游戏是如此有意思;以至于我都不想停下来..The soup was so delicious that he drank it up.汤是那么好喝;于是他喝了个精光..9．When we looked out of our tent; we saw a big snake sleeping near the fire.译文当我们向帐篷外面看去;我们发现一条大蛇正在篝火附近睡觉..英语中表示感官的动词;比如see; hear; feel等动词后可以接动词的ing 形式;表示“看见、听到、觉得某人或某物正在做某事”..e.g.I can hear the children singing in the classroom.我能听见孩子们在教室里唱歌..I looked out the window and saw some boys playing soccer on the playground.我往窗外望去;看见一些男孩子在操场上踢球..My dad told me later that snakes don’t have ears but can feel things moving.我爸爸后来告诉我说;蛇是没有耳朵的;但是它们能赶到东西的震动..10．Unit 5 Where did you go on vacation I1．词汇篇：go to the mountains—went to the mountainsstay at home—stayed at homego to New York City—went to New York Citygo to the beach—went to the beachvisit my uncle—visited my unclevisit museums—visited museumsgo to summer camp—went to summer camptake a few photos—took a few photos2．Where did you go on vacation 你去哪儿度假了I went to the mountains. 我去了山区..1这是一个特殊疑问句..由“特殊疑问词＋助动词＋主语＋动词+其它”构成..由于是询问已发生的动作过去的事情;所以助动词用过去式did;其后的动词用原形..e.g.—Where did you go yesterday 你昨天去了哪儿—I visited my friends. 我去拜访了朋友..What did you do last night昨天晚上你做了什么Who did she go with她和谁一起去的2与go to the mountains结构类似的词组还有：go to the beach 去海边 go to summer camp 去夏令营 go to New York 去纽约市 go on vacation 去度假go to a trip 去旅行 go to the movies 去看电影3．Did you go with anyone疑问你和某人一起去的吗anyone是不定代词;相当于anybody;其用法如下：1表示“某人”时;通常用在否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中;用来代替someone和somebody；表示“任何人”时;可用于肯定句也可用于其它句型..e.g.Did anyone hear of such a thing有谁听说过这样的事吗Don’t owe anyone a penny.不要欠任何人一分钱..I can do it if anyone can.如果有谁能干这事;我也能..Anyone can cook；it’s easy.做饭谁都会;这很容易..2用作主语;谓语动词用单数；若需用代词代替;可用单数he; him; his 正式或复数they; them; their 非正式均可..e.g.If anybodyanyone comes; ask himthem to wait.要是有人来;让他等着..3受形容词修饰时;形容词应置于其后..e.g.Have you seen anyoneanybody famous你见过名人吗4只能指人;不能指物；且其后一般不接of短语..若是指物或后接of短语;可用any one 分开写.e.g.Any one of the plans will do.这些计划中的任何一个都行..Any one of our employees could be the informer.我们的任何一位雇员都有可能成为告密者..4．Oh; did you go anywhere interesting译文噢;你去了什么有趣的地方了没anywhere是一个不定副词;表示“某个地方”; 通常用在否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中;用来代替somewhere..e.g.I cannot find it anywhere.我在什么地方都没找到它..Are you going anywhere tonight今晚你要去什么地方吗If you go anywhere; take me with you.你要是去什么地方;带我一起去..若是要肯定地说某个地方;应用somewhere..e.g.I think I saw it somewhere.我想我在什么地方见过它..5．Did you see Huangguoshu Waterfall你看了黄果树瀑布吗Yes; I did. 是的;我看了..这是一个一般疑问句;由助动词提问;回答也用助动词..由于询问的是发生在过去的事;所以助动词用过去式did..一般过去时的一般疑问句的句子结构： Did＋主语＋动词原形＋其它＋回答：※在过去时态中;无论主语是第几人称;是单数还是复数;助动词一律用did：e.g.6．We took quite a few photos there.译文我们在那儿拍了很多照片..此句中quite a few是一个整体结构;表示“相当多”;修饰可数名词;请不要与a few少数几个混淆..试体会、比较下面例句中a few和quite a few的区别：There are only a few books on the table; but I still have quite afew in the bookcase.虽然桌子上只有几本书;但我的书柜里还是有很多书的..辨析：a few; few; a little; littlea few和few修饰可数名词复数；a little和little修饰不可数名词.. 带有冠词a的a little和a few表肯定;表示“一点儿”；没有冠词a的few和little表否定;表示“几乎没有”..e.g.There is a little water in the bottle.瓶子里有一点儿水..There is little water in the bottle.瓶子里几乎没有水了..He has a few friends here.他在这里有几个朋友..He has few friends here.他在这里几乎没有朋友..7．I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.译文我大部分时间只是呆在家里看书和放松..1stay可以是及物动词;也可以是不及物动词..当它作不及物动词时就不能直接接宾语;其后接相应的介词短语;表地点留在某地或表状态保持某种状态..stay in the office 继续任职掌权stay awake 不睡醒着stay in the army 留在部队中stay at home 呆在家中e.g. We're staying in the same hotel.我们住在同一家旅馆..2home与house; family的区别home指“家”这个概念;包括“住处”和“家人”..house则指“房子”、“住宅”;侧重于建筑结构..family则指“家庭成员”..e.g.I watched TV at home last night.我昨晚在家里看电视..This house is very beautiful.这房子真漂亮..My family is a small but happy one.我家人不多;但很幸福..My family are watching TV.我的家人在看电视..※当family作整体概念时;谓语动词用单数；看作一个个成员时;谓语动词用复数..8．Did you buy anything special译文你买什么特别的东西了吗。