第七章_语言测试
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C语⾔教材第七章指针实验第七章指针第⼀部分知识训练【知识要点】1. 地址与指针指针变量的概念:⽤⼀个变量专门来存放另⼀个变量的地址。
2. 指向变量的指针变量指针变量的形式:基类型 *指针变量名;&: 取地址运算符;*:指针运算符。
3. 指针与数组引⽤⼀个数组元素可以⽤下标法和指针法;可以⽤数组名作函数的参数。
4.指针与函数函数指针变量定义的⼀般形式为:类型说明符 (*指针变量名)();⼀个函数的返回值可以是⼀个函数。
【典型习题与解析】5. char * const p;char const * pconst char *p上述三个有什么区别?【解析】char * const p; //常量指针,p的值不可以修改;char const * p;//指向常量的指针,指向的常量值不可以改;const char *p; //和char const *p。
6. main(){int a[5]={1,2,3,4,5};int *ptr=(int *)(&a+1);printf("%d,%d",*(a+1),*(ptr-1));}输出结果是什么?【解析】答案:输出:2,5*(a+1)就是a[1],*(ptr-1)就是a[4],执⾏结果是2,5。
&a+1不是⾸地址+1,系统会认为加⼀个a数组的偏移,是偏移了⼀个数组的⼤⼩(本例是5个int)。
1)&a是数组指针,其类型为 int (*)[5];⽽指针加1要根据指针类型加上⼀定的值,不同类型的指针+1之后增加的⼤⼩不同。
2)a是长度为5的int数组指针,所以要加 5*sizeof(int),所以ptr实际是a[5],但是prt与(&a+1)类型是不⼀样的(这点很重要),所以prt-1只会减去sizeof(int*) a,&a的地址是⼀样的,但意思不⼀样。
3)a是数组⾸地址,也就是a[0]的地址,&a是对象(数组)⾸地址,a+1是数组下⼀元素的地址,即a[1],&a+1是下⼀个对象的地址,即a[5]。
语言学导论知到章节测试答案智慧树2023年最新潍坊学院第一章测试1.Which of the following property of language enables language users toovercome the barriers caused bytime and place, due to this feature oflanguage, speakers of a language are free to talk about anything in anysituation? ()参考答案:Transferability2.Duality is one of the characteristics of human language. It refers to the factthat Language has two levels of structures: the system of sounds and thesystem of meanings. ()参考答案:对3.The informative function is predominantly the major role of language, it isalso called _________ function in the framework of functional grammar. ()参考答案:ideational4.According to F. de Saussure, _____ refers to the abstract linguistic systemshared by all the members of a speech community. ()参考答案:Languengue is relatively stable and systematic while parole is subject to personaland situational constraints. ()参考答案:对6._____ is realized by mood and modality.()参考答案:Interpersonal function7.Which of the following statements is true of Jacobson’s framework o flanguage functions?()参考答案:The phatic function is to establish communion with others8.Onomatopoeic words can show the arbitrary nature of language. ()参考答案:错petence and performance refer respectively to a language user’sunderlying knowledge about the system of rules and the actual use oflanguage in concrete situations. ()参考答案:对10.Arbitrariness of language makes it potentially creative, and conventionalityof language makes a language be passed from generation to generation. As a foreign language learner, the latter is important for us. ()参考答案:对第二章测试1.Of the consonants /p/, /t/, /k/, /f/, /m/, /z/ and /g/, which has the featuresof voiceless and velar? ()参考答案:/k/2. A sound which is capable of distinguishing one word or one shape of wordfrom another in a given language is a _______. ()参考答案:phoneme3.Which of the following CANNOT be considered as minimal pair? ()参考答案:/s/-/θ/4._______ is one of the suprasegmental features.()参考答案:Tone5.Classification of English speech sounds in terms of manner of articulationinvolves the following EXCEPT_______.()参考答案:Bilabial6.An aspirated p, an unaspirated p and an unreleased p are _______ of the pphoneme.()参考答案:Allophones7.Conventionally a_______ is put in slashes. ()参考答案:phoneme8.Which one is different from the others according to manners of articulation?()参考答案:[w]9.Which one is different from the others according to places of articulation? ()参考答案:[n]10.Which of the following is the correct description of [v]? ()参考答案:voiced labiodental fricative第三章测试1.In terms of______ , words can be divided into closed-class words and open-class words.()参考答案:membership2.Words like pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, articles are ______ items. ()参考答案:closed-class3.Bound morphemes do not include. ()参考答案:Words4.______ refers to the way in which a particular verb changes for tense, person,or number. ()参考答案:Inflection5.Which two terms can best describe the following pairs of words: table—tables, day+break—daybreak. ()参考答案:inflection and compound6.Which of the following words are formed by blending? ()参考答案:Smog7. A prefix is an affix which appears ______.()参考答案:before the stem8.Nouns, verbs, adjectives and many adverbs are content words. ()参考答案:对9.Pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions and articles are all open class items. ()参考答案:错10.Free morpheme may constitute words by themselves.()参考答案:对第四章测试1._______ refer to the relationship that linguistic units have with other unitsbecause they may occur together in a sentence. ()参考答案:Syntagmatic relations2.The phrase “on the shelf” belongs to _______ construction.()参考答案:exocentric3.______refers to construction where one clause is coordinated or conjoinedwith another. ()参考答案:Conjoining4.IC analysis can be used to analyze all kinds of ambiguous structures.()参考答案:错5.__________ is concerned with the internal organization of words.()参考答案:Syntax6.Transformational Generative Grammar was introduced by_______in 1957.()参考答案:N·Chomsky7.Predication analysis is a way to analyze _______ meaning. ()参考答案:sentence8. A sentence is considered_______ when it does not conform to the grammaticalknowledge in the mind of native speakers. ()参考答案:wrong9.Phrase structure rules allow us to better understand_______. ()参考答案:all of the other answers10.Phrase structure rules have properties. ()参考答案:Recursive第五章测试1.“ We shall know a word by the company it keeps.” This statementrepresents___.()参考答案:contexutalism2._______is a way in which the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaningcomponents, called semantic features.()参考答案:Componential analysis3.The grammaticality of a sentence is governed by_______.()参考答案:grammatical rules4.Words which have different meanings but are written differently and soundalike are called hyponyms.()参考答案:错5.In a sentense relation of hyponymy, a superordinate entails all hyponyms. ()参考答案:对6.In componential analysis, _______be analyzed into HUMAN, ADULT and MALE.()参考答案:manponential analysis is a way to analyze _______ meaning. ()参考答案:word8.The relationship between “flower” and“rose” is _______. ()参考答案:hyponymy9.Synonymy is the technical name for the sameness relation. ()参考答案:对10.Converse opposites are pairs of words that exhibit the reveral of arelationship between the two items. ()参考答案:对第六章测试1.Promising, undertaking, vowing are the most typical of the_______. ()参考答案:commissives2.What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in thestudy of meaning _________ is considereD.()参考答案:context3. A sentence is a _________ concept, and the meaning of a sentence is oftenstudied in isolation. ()参考答案:grammatical4.Which of the following is true?()参考答案:Some utterances cannot be restored to complete sentences.5.According to Searle, the illocutionary point of the representative is ______.()参考答案:to commit the speaker to something’s being the case6.All the acts that belong to the same category share the same purpose, butthey differ _________. ()参考答案:in their strength or force7._________ is advanced by Paul Grice. ()参考答案:Cooperative Principle8.Pragmatics treats the meaning of language as something intrinsic andinherent. ()参考答案:错9.It would be impossible to give an adequate description of meaning if thecontext of language use was left unconsidered.()参考答案:对10.What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in thestudy of meaning the context of use is considered.()参考答案:对第七章测试1.is defined as any regionally or socially definable human group identified byshared linguistic system. ()参考答案:A speech community2._______is a casual use of language that consists of expressive but nonstandardvocabulary, typically of aibitrary, flashy and often ephemeral coinages andfigures of speech. ()参考答案:Slang3.In a speech community people have something in common_______--a languageor a particular variety of language and rules for using it. ()参考答案:linguistically4._______refers to the use of a word which is thought to be less offensive orunpleasant than another worD.()参考答案:Euphemism5.The most distinguishable linguistic feature of a regional dialect is its_________.()参考答案:accent6._______are the major source of regional variation of language. ()参考答案:Geographical barriers7.Linguist______published his paper “The social stratifi cation of English in NewYork City”in 1966. ()参考答案:Labow8. A regional variety of a language is intrinsically inferior to the standardvariety of that language.()参考答案:错9.The standardization of a particular dialect in relation to one or morevernaculars is the result of a deliberate governmental policy. ()参考答案:错10. A pidgin is not a native language of a particular region.()参考答案:对。
C卷一、单项选择题1、导游人员讲话要负责,切忌弄虚作假,这点体现了导游语言“八要素”中的A、言之有物B、言之有理C、言之有据D、言之有神2、导游语言要讲究灵活性,如对初访者,导游人员讲解时语言应()。
A、有品位,谨慎、规范B、热情洋溢C、力求通俗化D、活泼流畅3、()是导游语言的艺术性和趣味性的具体体现。
A、正确B、生动C、清楚D、灵活4、()是导游人员应当具备的各项能力中的核心能力。
A、导游带团技能B、导游组织技能C、导游讲解技能D、导游交际技能5、见物生情、借题发挥的导游讲解方法被称为()。
A、虚实结合法B、触景生情C、制造悬念法D、画龙点睛法6、在宫殿建筑和皇家园林风格与艺术上,将北京的故宫和巴黎的凡尔赛宫相比较的讲解方法属于()。
A、同类相似类比B、同类相异类比C、时代之比D、异类相似类比7、导游人员在同时讲解佛教寺院、道教官观,伊斯兰教清真寺时,要突出()A、具有代表性的景观B、游客最感兴趣的内容C、景点特征和与众不同之处D、“……..”之最8、为散客提供导游讲解时,因为面对的人数少,导游应采取()讲解。
A、我问客答法B、自问自答法C、客问我答法D、相互对话法9、()是导游人员必不可少的基本功。
A、带团组织技能B、语言讲解技能C、导游服务技能D、导游交际技能10、不影响音调的口语要素是()A、语速B、音质C、音量D、语调11、导游语言中的“八要素”中,()是导游语言思想性的具体体现。
A、言之有物B、言之有神 C 、言之有趣D、言之有理12、导游人员在交际和讲解中,要讲究语言的技巧和艺术性,展开有声有色、引人入胜的讲解。
这说明了导游语言八要素中的()。
A、言之有物B、言之有神 C 、言之有趣D、言之有喻13、导游讲解的内容要充实,有说服力;客观,不讲空话指的是()A、言之有喻B、言之有礼 C 、言之有据D、言之有物14、()是导游人员都比较喜欢用的手法,在活跃气氛,制造意境,提高游兴,提高导游讲解效果诸多方面起到重要作用。
第七章语言的书写符号——文字一、单项选择题1.下列关于文字和语言关系说法不正确的一项是A.文字的特点和语言的特点没有任何联系B.文字不能等同于语言C.文字是语言的书写符号系统D.同一语言可以采用不同的书写符号系统【解析】A 本题考查文字的相关知识。
文字是语言的书写符号系统。
文字是在语言的基础上产生的,因此文字的特点和语言的特点是有一定联系的。
2.不能再分解的字符是A.笔画B.复合字符C.单纯字符D.意符【解析】C 单纯字符是不能再分解的字符。
3.下列关于声符来源的表述中,正确的一项是A.声符是从笔画发展而来的B.声符是从记号发展而来的C.声符是从声旁转化而来的D.声符是从意符转化而来的【解析】D 本题考查声符的相关知识。
声符是表音的字符,但是语音没法用图形来表示,因此声符最初都是由已有的意符转化而来的。
4.下列文字中属于表音文字的是A.苏美尔文字B.汉字C.日语“假名”D.古埃及圣书字【解析】C 日语“假名”属于表音文字。
5.文字的演变经历了一个漫长和复杂的过程,它的最初形态是A.象形字符B.图形契刻符号C.表意字符D.表音字符【解析】B 本题考查文字的演变过程。
文字从最初的图形契刻符号,演变成象形字符,再到形成表意字符,再到出现表音字符,表音字符中又从表音节的字符到表音位的字符,经历了一个相当漫长和复杂的过程。
6.最早的表音文字是A.拉丁文字B.腓尼基文字C.古希腊文字D.古埃及文字【解析】B 本题考查最早的表音文字。
腓尼基人借用了楔形文字和古埃及文字,最终形成了一种最早的字母式表音文字,即腓尼基文字。
7.下列文字中,不属于自源文字的是A.古埃及文字B.古汉字C.古希腊文字D.古代楔形文字【解析】C 本题考查自源文字的相关知识。
古希腊文字是在借用腓尼基文字的基础上产生和发展起来的,因此属于他源文字。
8.已知的自源文字都是A.音节文字B.表音文字C.音素文字D.意音文字【解析】D 本题考查自源文字的相关知识。
语言学概论知到章节测试答案智慧树2023年最新广西师范大学绪论单元测试1.语言学作为一门独立学科诞生的标志是()。
参考答案:历史比较语言学的产生2.被称为“现代语言学之父”的语言学家是()。
参考答案:索绪尔3.汉语国际教育属于教育学学科()。
参考答案:错4.语言是语言学的研究对象,语言学是对语言规律、特点的概括、解释()。
参考答案:对5.语言学概论课程的目标是()。
参考答案:掌握语言学的基本知识、基本理论和基本技能;具有感悟、辨析、鉴赏、探究语言现象的能力;培养对语言学的兴趣,为语言学储备人才第一章测试1.人类最重要的交际工具是()。
参考答案:有声语言2.语言的文化“雕塑”功能是指()。
参考答案:蕴含在语言中的文化对思维方式、行为习惯等的影响3.人类语言功能区主要在左脑和右脑()。
参考答案:错4.语言思维是指以语言为工具所进行的思维()。
参考答案:对5.思维所凭借的工具主要有()。
参考答案:有声语言;心理表象;内部语言6.语言最本质的功能是()。
参考答案:交际功能7.下面各选项中,属于语言社会功能的是()。
参考答案:文化雕塑功能;人际互动功能;信息传递功能8.位于人类大脑左半球的布洛卡区专门负责()。
参考答案:口头表达9.位于人类大脑左半球的韦尼克区如果受损,则()。
参考答案:听力理解能力将受损10.天生的聋哑人没有语言能力,但是他们也有一定的思维能力,这说明语言和思维是可以分离的。
参考答案:对第二章测试1.语音符号层级性的核心是( )。
参考答案:以少驭多2.鹦鹉会模仿人说话,这说明( )。
参考答案:鹦鹉等一些鸟类的说话,只是对人类语言的一种机械模仿3.关于“语言”的定义,下列说法不正确的一项是( )。
参考答案:语言就是人们说出来的话4.区分“语言”和“言语”的主要目的是( )。
参考答案:明确语言学的研究对象5.语言符号具有任意性的特点,我们平时说话用什么声音表示什么意义是自由的,不受任何约束。