上海市2011年高考英语口语考试说明

2011新课标英语高考2011年的新课标英语高考在全国范围内实施，标志着中国高中英语教育改革的一个重要里程碑。

新课标英语高考的实施，旨在更好地适应21世纪教育的发展需求，培养学生的英语综合运用能力，使他们能够在全球化背景下更好地进行交流和学习。

考试内容与结构2011年新课标英语高考的考试内容主要包括听力、阅读、写作和口语四个部分。

考试结构设计得更加注重学生英语实际应用能力的测试。

1. 听力部分：听力测试通常包括短对话、长对话、短文听写和听力理解等题型，旨在考查学生对英语口语的理解能力。

2. 阅读部分：阅读测试包括快速阅读、阅读理解和信息匹配等题型，考查学生对英语书面材料的阅读和理解能力。

3. 写作部分：写作测试通常包括短文写作和应用文写作，考查学生运用英语进行书面表达的能力。

4. 口语部分：口语测试是新课标英语高考的一个重要创新，通过模拟实际交流场景，考查学生的口语表达和交际能力。

备考策略为了在新课标英语高考中取得好成绩，学生需要采取以下备考策略：- 加强基础知识学习：扎实的英语基础知识是提高英语应用能力的前提，包括词汇、语法和句型结构等。

- 培养听力技能：通过听英语歌曲、观看英语电影、参加英语角等方式，提高对英语口语的敏感度和理解力。

- 提高阅读速度和理解力：通过大量阅读英语材料，包括新闻、小说、学术论文等，提高阅读速度和理解力。

- 锻炼写作能力：通过写作练习，包括日记、书信、论文等，提高英语写作的准确性和流畅性。

- 参与口语实践：积极参与英语口语交流，如参加辩论赛、模拟联合国等活动，提高口语表达的自然度和准确性。

教学方法的调整新课标英语高考的实施也对教师的教学方法提出了新的要求：- 注重学生主体性：鼓励学生主动参与课堂讨论，培养他们的批判性思维和创造性思维。

- 采用多样化教学手段：利用多媒体教学资源，如视频、音频、网络等，丰富教学内容，提高教学效果。

- 强化实践教学：通过角色扮演、情景模拟等活动，让学生在实际语境中学习和使用英语。

2011年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷第I卷(105分)I. Listening ComprehensionII. Grammar and VocabularySection ASection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. NoteA. launchedB. unpleasantC. applyingD. technicallyE. impactF. coatingG. fixedH. miraculouslyI. superiorJ. advancesHow would you like to wear the same underwear (内衣裤) for weeks? Owing to the work that has gone into developing intelligent materials, this may not be as 41 as it sounds. Self-cleaning clothes have now been created, and these new materials provide 42 resistance to dirt as well as water. As a result, they require much less cleaning than traditional materials.The creation of self-cleaning clothes provides an example of how nature helps scientists develop better products. This self-cleaning nature is known as the “lotus effect”. The name comes, of course, from the lotus leaves, which are famous for growing in muddy lakes and rivers while remaining almost 43clean. By observing nature, scientists are 44 the qualities of the lotus leaves to the materials they have engineered. Because of this, some remarkable new products have been 45 . Among them are special windows that are resistant to dirt and water. A special 46 on these windows not only prevents dirt from sticking to their surfaces, but also allows dust to be easily washed off by the rain. In fact, these new windows have already been 47 to some cars. Even when traveling at high speed through rain, these cars never have to use their windshield wipers (雨刮器).Although we have already seen some practical applications, even more dramatic 48 will be made in the future, and they will, perhaps, change our world completely. Undoubtedly, technology is an important development, and it will have an even bigger 49 on our lives.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank w ith the word or phrase that best fits the context.Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining(留住) customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, 50 , words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once companies have attracted customers they often 51 the second half of the story. In the excitement of beating off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers tend to become carried away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of business—52 that the customer remains a customer.53 to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10 and 30 per cent of its customers every years. In constantly changing 54 , this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any idea how many customers they have lost.Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the 55implications. Cutting down the number of customers a company loses can make a big 56 in its performance. Research in the US found that a five per cent decrease in the number of defecting (流失的) customers led to 57 increases of between 25 and 85 per cent.In the US, Domino’s Pizza estimates that a regular customer is worth more than $5,000 over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and 58 never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in 59 profits (more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience).The logic behind cultivating customer 60 is impossible to deny. “In practice most companies’ marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to 61 them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University’ School of Management. “Research suggests that ther e is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits. 62 customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price 63 , and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it 64 for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.50.A. in particular B. in reality C. at least D. first of all51.A. emphasize B. doubt C. overlook D. believe52.A. denying B. ensuring C. arguing D. proving53.A. Moving B. Hoping C. Starting D. Failing54.A. markets B. tastes C. prices D. expenses55.A. culture B. social C. financial D. economical56.A. promise B. plan C. mistake D. differe nce57.A. cost B. opportunity C. profit D. budget58.A. as a result B. on the whole C. in conclusion D. on the contrary59.A. huge B. potential C. extra D. reasonable60.A. beliefs B. loyalty C. habits D. interest61.A. altering B. understanding C. keeping D. attracting62.A. Assumed B. Respected C. Established D. Unexpected63.A. agreeable B. flexible C. friendly D. sensitive64.A. unfair B. difficult C. essential D. convenientSection BSe ction CSection DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Sociologists have long recognised that organisations of less than 200 individuals can operate through the free flow of information among the members. Once their size goes beyond this figure, the organizations are getting less flexible. So it seems necessary to prevent total disorder resulting from failures of communication.One solution to this problem would, of course, be to structure large organisations into smaller units of a size that can act as a group. By allowing these groups to build reliance on each other, larger organizations can be built up. However, merely having groups of, say, 150 will never of itself be a complete solution to the problems of the organization. Something else is needed: the people involved must be able to build direct personal relationships. To allow free flow of information, they have to be able to communicate with each other in a casual way. Maintaining too formal a structure of relationships inevitably prevents the way a system works.The importance of this was drawn to my attention two years ago by the case of a TV station. Whether bychance or by design, it so happened that there were almost exactly 150 people in the station. The whole process worked very smoothly as an organization for many years until they were moved into purpose-built accommodation. Then, for no apparent reason, the work seemed to be more difficult to do, not to say less satisfying.It was some time before they work out what the problem was. It turn out that, when the architects were designing the new building, they decided that the coffee room where everyone ate their sandwiches at lunch times was an unnecessary luxury and so did away with it. And with that, they accidentally destroyed the close social networks that strengthened the whole organization. What had apparently been happening was that, as people gathered informally over their sandwiches in the coffee room, useful information was casually being exchanged.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)65.What size of an organization may lead to communication failures?66.What are the two solutions to the communication problem within a large organization?67.After the TV station moved into new accommodation, its operation ___________________________.68.From the case of the TV station, we can conclude it is ____________________________________ that make(s)an organization more successful.第Ⅱ卷(共45分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.你为什么不在网上订票? (Why)2.我常把王海误认为他的双胞胎弟弟，因为他们长得太像了。

2011年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷第I卷(105分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A;you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversatio n and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a train station. B. At an airport.C. At a travel agency.D. At a bus station.2. A. $5. B. $10.C. $15.D. $50.3. A. Receptionist and guest. B. Salesperson and customer.C. Doctor and patient.D. Waiter and diner.4. A. Excited. B. Dissatisfied.C. Bo red.D. Exhausted.5. A. Her hair has changed. B. She isn’t satisfied with her hair style.C. She prefers to wear long hair.D. The man has changed his hair style.6. A. It is too early to watch the Talent Show. B. He will go to bed in five minutes.C. He would rather watch TV than go to bed.D. He is old enough to stay up.7. A. She has got everything ready. B. She never hesitates over what to take.C. She hates packing by herself.D. She needs more time for packing.8. A. They should wait for John for a while. B. They should stay here for the night.C. They should start the meeting right away.D. They should call John at once.9. A. She is unwilling to move into a new flat. B. Her neighbors get along well with her.C. She can’t tell the man why she is moving.D. Her neighbors usually play their TV loud.10.A. Ask for directions. B. Try a different route.C. Go back for the map.D. Cancel their trip.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked to questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the blest answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. A political system. B. Religion.C. Working language.D. Race.12.A. Discuss current issues. B. Join in a writing competition.C. Attend an arts and crafts competition.D. Celebrate their friendship.13.A. The Commonwealth Games. B. An important holiday.C. The Commonwealth members.D. An international association.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14.A. Equipping students with knowledge. B. Qualifying students for certain jobs.C. Developing students’ habits of mind.D. Helping students to go to graduate school.15.A. The ability to have critical analysis. B. Creative use of leisure time.C. Logical use of information.D. Willingness to accept uncertainty.16.A. Goals to reach in a college education. B. Roles of knowledge in students’ growth.C. Qualifications needed for a job.D. Importance of after-class activities. Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25.Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you ______ the tough years.A. throughB. upC. withD. from26.To stay awake, he finished a cup of coffee and ordered ______.A. the otherB. otherC. the othersD. another27.It’s no use ______ without taking action.A. complainB. complainingC. being complainedD. to be complained28.I ______ worry about my weekend—I always have my plans ready before it comes.A. can’tB. m ustn’tC. daren’tD. needn’t29.When Mom looked back on the early days of their marriage, she wondered how they hadmanaged with ______ money.A. so fewB. such fewC. so littleD. such little30.It doesn’t matter if they want to come to your party, ______?A. doesn’t itB. does itC. don’t theyD. do they31.After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team ______ four days later.A. rescuedB. was rescuedC. has rescuedD. had been rescued32.The rare fish, ______ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea.A. savedB. savingC. to be savedD. having saved33.At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam. Then I changed my mind, ______ thathe could do nothing to help.A. to realizeB. realizedC. realizingD. being realized34.Did you predict that many students ______ up for the dance competition?A. would signB. signedC. have signedD. had signed35.There is clear evidence ______ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.A. whatB. ifC. howD. that36.If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won’t bother to see it, or I’ll wait ______ it comesout on DVD.A. whetherB. afterC. thoughD. until37.The police officers in our city work hard ______ the rest of us can live a safe life.A. in caseB. as ifC. in order thatD. only if38.The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of ______ othersactually understand.A. whyB. thatC. whichD. what39.You’ll find taxis wait ing at the bus station ______ you can hire to reach your host family.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. as40.Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing… but we seem ______ the art ofcommunicating face-to-face.A. losingB. to be losingC. to be lostD. having lostSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only bethat has gone into developing intelligent materials, this may not be as 41 as it sounds. Self-cleaning clothes have now been created, and these new materials provide 42 resistance to dirt as well as water. As a result, they require much less cleaning than traditional materials.The creation of self-cleaning clothes provides an example of how nature helps scientists develop better products. This self-cleaning nature is known as the “lotus effect”. The name comes, of course, from the lotus leaves, which are famous for growing in muddy lakes and rivers while remaining almost 43clean. By observing nature, scientists are 44 the qualities of the lotus leaves to the materials they have engineered. Because of this, some remarkable new products have been 45 . Amongthem are special windows that are resistant to dirt and water. A special 46 on these windows not only prevents dirt from sticking to their surfaces, but also allows dust to be easily washed off by the rain. In fact, these new windows have already been 47 to some cars. Even when traveling at high speed through rain, these cars never have to use their windshield wipers (雨刮器).Although we have already seen some practical applications, even more dramatic 48 will be made in the future, and they will, perhaps, change our world completely. Undoubtedly, technology is an important development, and it will have an even bigger 49 on our lives.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank w ith the word or phrase that best fits the context.Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining (留住) customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, 50 , words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once companies have attracted customers they often 51 the second half of the story. In the excitement of beating off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers tend to become carried away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of business—52 that the customer remains a customer.53 to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10 and 30 per cent of its customers every years. In constantly changing 54 , this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any idea how many customers they have lost.Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the 55implications. Cutting down the number of customers a company loses can make a big 56 in its performance. Research in the US found that a five per cent decrease in the number of defecting (流失的) customers led to 57 increases of between 25 and 85 per cent.In the US, Domino’s Pizza estimates that a regular customer is worth more than $5,000 over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and 58 never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in 59 profits (more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience).The logic behind cultivating customer 60 is impossible to deny. “In practice m ost companies’ marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to 61 them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University’ School of Management. “Research suggests that there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits. 62 customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price 63 , and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it 64 for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.50.A. in particular B. in reality C. at least D. first of all51.A. emphasize B. doubt C. overlook D. believe52.A. denying B. ensuring C. arguing D. proving53.A. Moving B. Hoping C. Starting D. Failing54.A. markets B. tastes C. prices D. expenses55.A. culture B. social C. financial D. economical56.A. promise B. plan C. mistake D. differe nce57.A. cost B. opportunity C. profit D. budget58.A. as a result B. on the whole C. in conclusion D. on the contrary59.A. huge B. potential C. extra D. reasonable60.A. beliefs B. loyalty C. habits D. interest61.A. altering B. understanding C. keeping D. attracting62.A. Assumed B. Respected C. Established D. Unexpected63.A. agreeable B. flexible C. friendly D. sensitive64.A. unfair B. difficult C. essential D. convenient Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AThe teacher who did the most to encourage me was, as it happened, my aunt. She was Myrtle C. Manigault, the wife of my mother’s brother Bill. She taught in second grade at all-black Summer School in Camden, New Jersey.During my childhood and youth, Aunt Myrtle encouraged me to develop every aspect of my potential, without regard for what was considered practical or possible for black females. I liked to sing; she listened to my voice and pronounce d it good. I couldn’t dance; she taught me the basic dancing steps. She took me to the theatre not just children’s theatre but adult comedies and dramas—and her faith that I could appreciate adult plays was not disappointed.My aunt also took down books from her extensive library and shared them with me. I had books at home, but they were all serious classics. Even as a child I had a strong liking for humor, and I’ll never forget the joy of discovering Don Marquis’s Archy & Mehitabel through her.Most important, perhaps, Aunt Myrtle provided my first opportunity to write for publication.A writer herself for one of the black newspapers, she suggested my name to the editor as a “youth columnist”. My column, begun when I was fourteen, was supposed to cov er teenage social activities—and it did—but it also gave me the freedom to write on many other subjects as well as the habit of gathering material, the discipline of meeting deadlines, and, after graduation from college six years later, a solid collection of published material that carried my name and was my passport to a series of writing jobs.Today Aunt Myrtle is still an enthusiastic supporter of her “favourite niece”. Like a diamond, she has reflected a bright, multifaceted(多面的) image of possibilities to every pupil w ho has crossed her path.65.Which of the following did Aunt Myrtle do to the author during her childhood and youth?A. She lent her some serious classics.B. She cultivated her taste for music.C. She discovered her talent for dancing.D. She introduced her to adult plays.66.What does Archy and Mehitabel in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?A. A book of great fun.B. A writer of high fame.C. A serious masterpiece.D. A heartbreaking play.67.Aunt Myrtle recommended the author to a newspaper editor mainly to ______.A. develop her capabilities for writingB. give her a chance to collect materialC. involve her in teenage social activitiesD. offer her a series of writing jobs68.We can conclude from the passage that Aunt Myrtle was a teacher who ______.A. trained pupils to be diligent and well-disciplinedB. gave pupils confidence in exploiting their potentialC. emphasized what was practical or possible for pupils.D. helped pupils overcome difficulties in learningBHumpback whalesA. cannot survive in waters near the shoreB. doesn’t live in the same waters all the timeC. lives mainly on underwater plantsD. prefers to work alone when hunting food70.To make a breach, a humpback whale must ______.A. use its tail flukes to leap out of the waterB. twist its body sideways to jump high.C. blow two streams of waterD. communicate with a group of humpbacks.71.From the passage we can learn that a humpback whale ______.A. has its unique markings on it tail flukesB. has black and white fingerprintsC. gets its name from the way it huntsD. is a great performer due to its songsCHuman remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain, a group of leading archeologists (考古学家) says. In a letter addressed to the justice secretary, Ken Clarke, 40 archaeologists write of their “deep and widespread concern” about the issue. It centers on the law introduced by the Ministry of Justice in 2008 which requires all human remains unearthed in England and Wales to be reburied within two years, regardless of their age. The decision means scientists have too little time to study bones and other human remains of national and cultural significance.“Your current requirement that all archaeologically unearthed human remains should be reburied, whether after a standard period of two years or a further special extension, is contrary to basic principles of archaeological and scientific research and o f museum practice,” they write.The law applies to any pieces of bone uncovered at around 400 dig sites, including the remains of 60 or so bodies found at Stonehenge in 2008 that date back to 3,000 BC. Archaeologists have been granted a temporary extension to give them more time, but eventuallly the bones will have to be returned to the ground.The arrangements may result in the waste of future discoveries at sites such as Happisburgh in Norfolk, where digging is continuing after the discovery of stone tools made by early humans 950,000 years ago. If human remains were found at Happisburgh, they would be the oldest in northern Europe and the first indication of what this species was. Under the current practice of the law those remains would have to be reburied and effectively destroyed.Before 2008, guidelines allowed for the proper preservation and study of bones of sufficient age and historical interest, while the Burial Act 1857 applied to more recent remains. The Ministry of Justice assured archaeologists two ye ars ago that the law was temporary, but has so far failed to revise it.Mike Parker Pearson, an archaeologist at Sheffield University, said: “Archaeologists have been extremely patient because we were led to believe the ministry was sorting out this problem, but we feel that we cannot wait any longer.”The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied, or on what records should be kept.72.According to the passage, scientists are unhappy with the law mainly because ______.A. it is only a temporary measure on the human remainsB. it is unreasonable and thus destructive to scientific researchC. it was introduced by the government without their knowledgeD. it is vague about where and how to rebury human remains73.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Temporary extension of two years will guarantee scientists enough time.B. Human remains of the oldest species were dug out at Happisburgh.C. Human remains will have to be reburied despite the extension of time.D. Scientists have been warned that the law can hardly be changed.74.What can be inferred about the British law governing human remains?A. The Ministry of Justice did not intend it to protect human remains.B. The Burial Act 1857 only applied to remains uncovered before 1857.C. The law on human remains hasn’t changed in recent decades.D. The Ministry of Justice has not done enough about the law.75.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. New discoveries should be reburied, the government demands.B. Research time should be extended, scientists require.C. Law on human remains needs thorough discussion, authorities say.D. Law could bury ancient secrets for ever, archeologists warn.Se ction CDirections:Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each76.______With the arrival of the age of “information economy”, intellectual work is becoming a more important source of wealth than manufacturing. Organizations in all walks of life are doing more to spread their inf ormation. So people of the Public Relations are hired to speak for them. A lot of our news is actually collected from press releases and reports of events intentionally staged for journalists. In the information age, journalists spend their time, not investigating, but passing on the words of a spokesperson.77.______There is a joke in the novel Scoop about the newspaper’s owner, Lord Copper. The editors can never disagree with him. When he’s right about something they answer “definitely”, and when he’s wrong they say “to some extent, Lord Copper.” It seems reasonable to suppose that, in the real world, the opinions of such powerful people still influence the journalists and editors who work for them.78.______In countries where the news is not officially controlled, it may be provided by commercial organizations who depend on advertising. The news has to attract viewers and maintain its audience ratings. I suspect that some stories get air-time just because there happen to be excitingpictures to show. In Britain, we have the tabloid newspapers which millions of people read simply for entertainment. There is progressively less room for historical background, or statistics, which are harder to present as a sensational story.79.______There is an argument that with spreading access to the internet and cheap technology for recording sound and images we will all be able to find exactly the information we want. People around the world will be able to publish their own eye-witness accounts and compete with the widely-accepted news-gatherers on equal terms. But what it will mean also is that we’ll be subjected to a still greater amount of nonsense and lies. Any web log may contain the latest information of the year, or equally, a made-up story that you will never be able to check.80.______Maybe the time has come to do something about it, and I don’t just mean changing your choice of TV channel or newspaper. In a world where everyone wants you to listen to their version, you only have two choices: switch off altogether or start looking for sources you can trust. The investigative journalist of the future is everyone who wants to know the truth.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Sociologists have long recognised that organisations of less than 200 individuals can operate through the free flow of information among the members. Once their size goes beyond this figure, the organizations are getting less flexible. So it seems necessary to prevent total disorder resulting from failures of communication.One solution to this problem would, of course, be to structure large organisations into smaller units of a size that can act as a group. By allowing these groups to build reliance on each other, larger organizations can be built up. However, merely having groups of, say, 150 will never of itself be a complete solution to the problems of the organization. Something else is needed: the people involved must be able to build direct personal relationships. To allow free flow of information, they have to be able to communicate with each other in a casual way. Maintaining too formal a structure of relationships inevitably prevents the way a system works.The importance of this was drawn to my attention two years ago by the case of a TV station. Whether by chance or by design, it so happened that there were almost exactly 150 people in the station. The whole process worked very smoothly as an organization for many years until they were moved into purpose-built accommodation. Then, for no apparent reason, the work seemed to be more difficult to do, not to say less satisfying.It was some time before they work out what the problem was. It turn out that, when the architects were designing the new building, they decided that the coffee room where everyone ate their sandwiches at lunch times was an unnecessary luxury and so did away with it. And with that, they accidentally destroyed the close social networks that strengthened the whole organization. What had apparently been happening was that, as people gathered informally over their sandwiches in the coffee room, useful information was casually being exchanged.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)81.What size of an organization may lead to communication failures?82.What are the two solutions to the communication problem within a large organization?83.After the TV station moved into new accommodation, its operation___________________________.84.From the case of the TV station, we can conclude it is____________________________________ that make(s) an organization more successful.第Ⅱ卷(共45分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.你为什么不在网上订票? (Why)2.我常把王海误认为他的双胞胎弟弟，因为他们长得太像了。

2011年高考英语口试试题第一套（第一份）1.Do you like your English teacher? Why or why not?2.Do you like English class? Why or why not?3.How much time do you spend in reading every day?第二份1.How do you usually spend your weekends?2.How do you learn English?3.Say something about your future plan.第三份1.Which school do you study in?2.Do you like your school? Why or why not?3.Can you say something about school?第二套（第一份）1.How many people are there in your family?2.Can you say something about one of your family members?3.What does your father or mother do?第二份1.When were you born?2.How do you celebrate your birthday?3.What do your parents do on your birthday?第三份1.Do you like to go shopping or with others?2.What’s the size of your shoes?3.How do you spend your pocket money?第三套（第一份）1.What’s your favorite food?2.Can you cook?3.Who does most of the housework in your home?第二份1.Do you like Chinese food or Western food?2.Do you often eat out?3.Can you say something about table manners?第三份1.Do you like sports?2.What sport do you like best?3.Can you say something about one of the sports you like?第四套（第一份）1.What’s the weather like in summer in your hometown?2.What kind of weather do you like best?3.Can you say something about the weather you like?第二份1.Do you like music?2.What kind of music do you like best?3.What do you usually do in your spare time?第三份1.Do you like travelling?2.Where have you been on your holidays?3.Can you say something about the famous places of interest? 第五套（第一份）1.Do you have any good friends?2.Who is your desk-mate / partner?3.Can you say something about one of your best friends?第二份1.Do you know any famous people?2.Which pop star do you like best?3.Can you say something about one of your favorite stars?第三份1.What did you do last weekend?2.What subject do you like best in senior high school?3.What do you think of your high school life?。

2011上海高考英语摘要：一、引言1.上海高考英语考试的重要性2.2011年上海高考英语考试的大致情况二、考试内容概述1.听力部分2.词汇和语法部分3.阅读理解部分4.写作部分三、考试难度及影响因素1.题目设置难度2.考生英语水平3.教育资源分布四、考试结果分析1.总体成绩情况2.各分数段考生比例3.影响成绩的主要因素五、对考生和教育的启示1.提升英语学习策略2.注重基础知识和技能的培养3.增加教育资源投入六、总结1.2011年上海高考英语考试的总体特点2.对未来英语考试的展望正文：2011年上海高考英语考试是众多考生关注的一大焦点。

本文将围绕这次考试，从考试内容概述、难度及影响因素、考试结果分析、对考生和教育的启示等方面进行详细探讨。

一、引言上海高考英语考试作为我国教育体系中的一项重要测试，对于检验考生的英语应用能力及选拔优秀学生进入高校具有重要意义。

2011年上海高考英语考试在众多考生的期待中顺利进行。

二、考试内容概述2011年上海高考英语考试分为听力、词汇和语法、阅读理解、写作四个部分。

听力部分考查考生的英语听力技能；词汇和语法部分主要测试考生的词汇、语法知识及运用能力；阅读理解部分要求考生阅读英语文章，并从中获取信息、理解内涵、进行判断和推理；写作部分则考查考生的英语书面表达能力。

三、考试难度及影响因素2011年上海高考英语考试的难度适中，题目设置既考查了考生的基本知识和技能，又有一定的创新和挑战性。

考试难度受考生英语水平、教育资源分布等多种因素影响。

四、考试结果分析2011年上海高考英语考试整体成绩良好，各分数段考生比例分布合理。

通过对考试结果的分析，我们可以发现影响成绩的主要因素包括考生英语学习策略、基础知识和技能的掌握程度以及教育资源投入等。

五、对考生和教育的启示从2011年上海高考英语考试中，我们可以得出以下启示：考生需要注重提升英语学习策略，扎实掌握基础知识与技能；教育部门要加大教育资源投入，努力缩小地区和学校之间的教育差距。

2011年高考考试说明（新课标）——英语Ⅰ．关于考试要求的说明一、语言知识基于考生的实际情况，从《普通高中英语课程标准（实验）》中精选了3000个左右的单词，作为高考命题的词汇范围。

另外，为命题的需要，增加了个别单词，以*号标明，仅要求考生知道其汉语意思。

二、语言运用1．听力听力是与外国人直接交往中必不可少的一种语言能力。

该部分要求考生听懂有关日常生活中所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。

考生应能：（1）理解主旨和要义任何一段对话或独白总会围绕一个主旨或者一个中心思想展开。

有时，主旨要义会比较明确；有时则会贯穿整个对话或独白，考生需自己去归纳、概括。

（2）获取具体的、事实性信息为了说明和支持主旨，对话或独白中总会出现一些具体信息，如时间、地点、人物等。

这些信息是理解和把握对话或独白主旨必不可少的内容，也常常是听力部分的重点考查项目。

（3）对所听内容作出推断话语发生的场合、说话者之间的关系等对话含义的理解起着举足轻重的作用，对这些背景知识的推断能力在一定程度上可以体现一个人队口语的理解能力，因而也是听力测试所要考查的重点项目之一。

（4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度一般来讲，说话者总会有说话的意图，或是提出或回答问题，阐述自己的想法，或者表明自己的态度或意见，对此的理解或推断在一般交往中非常重要。

有时，说话者的意图或观点是明说出来的；有时则隐含在对话的字里行间，需要听者自己去揣摩、推断。

2．阅读理解阅读文章是我国考生接触外语的最主要途径，因此，阅读理解在试卷中占权重较大。

该部分要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。

考生应能：（1）理解主旨和要义任何一篇文章都会有一个主旨要义。

有时从文章的第一个段落，甚至第一个句子即可得出文章的主旨要义，从这一段或这个句子读者会知道文章描述的是谁或什么（即文章的主题），亦会了解作者希望读者了解主题方面的哪些内容。

2011年上海高考英语卷道客巴巴详尽解析Title: In-depth Analysis of the 2011 Shanghai College Entrance Examination English PaperIntroductionThe college entrance examination, commonly known as the Gaokao, is a critical milestone for Chinese high school students. In 2011, the English paper of the Shanghai Gaokao was particularly challenging and required a comprehensive understanding of the language. In this article, we will delve into a detailed analysis of the 2011 Shanghai Gaokao English paper published by Daoke Baba, a popular educational platform in China.Listening SectionThe listening section of the 2011 Shanghai Gaokao English paper contained a total of 50 questions, testing students' ability to comprehend spoken English in various contexts. Questions ranged from multiple-choice to fill-in-the-blank, requiring students to listen attentively and decipher key information. Topics covered in the listening section included everyday conversations, academic lectures, and news broadcasts. Thissection aimed to evaluate students' listening skills and assess their ability to extract relevant information from spoken English.Reading SectionThe reading section of the 2011 Shanghai Gaokao English paper comprised five passages with accompanying questions. Passages varied in length and complexity, ranging from narrative texts to scientific articles. Questions tested students' comprehension, inference, and critical thinking skills. In addition to testing reading abilities, this section also assessed students' vocabulary and grammatical knowledge. The reading section aimed to evaluate students' ability to understand written English and extract key information from various types of texts.Writing SectionThe writing section of the 2011 Shanghai Gaokao English paper required students to compose an essay on a given topic. Topics ranged from personal experiences to social issues, challenging students to articulate their thoughts and opinions coherently. Students were expected to demonstrate their proficiency in grammar, vocabulary, and organization in their essays. The writing section aimed to evaluate students' ability to communicate effectively in written English and showcase their language skills.Overall ImpressionThe 2011 Shanghai Gaokao English paper presented a comprehensive assessment of students' English language proficiency. From the listening section to the writing section, the paper tested various aspects of students' language skills, including listening, reading, writing, and speaking. The paper was designed to evaluate students' ability to understand and communicate in English effectively. Overall, the 2011 Shanghai Gaokao English paper was challenging yet rewarding, providing students with an opportunity to showcase their language abilities and demonstrate their readiness for higher education.ConclusionIn conclusion, the 2011 Shanghai Gaokao English paper was a rigorous assessment of students' English language proficiency. The paper tested a wide range of language skills, including listening, reading, writing, and speaking, and aimed to evaluate students' ability to understand and communicate in English effectively. By analyzing the listening, reading, and writing sections of the paper, we can gain a better understanding of the skills and knowledge required to succeed in the Gaokao. Overall, the 2011 Shanghai Gaokao English paper provided students witha valuable opportunity to demonstrate their language abilities and showcase their readiness for higher education.。

上海市高级口译第二阶段口试真题2011年9月(总分：9.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、口语题Directions：Talk on the following topic for 5 minutes. Be sure to make your points clear and supporting details adequate. You should also be ready to answer any questions raised by the examiners during your talk. You need to have your name and registration number reco rded. Start your talk with "My name is…," "My registration number is… ".(总题数：1，分数：1.00)1.Topic. Should the National Museum hold trademark shows?Questions for Reference：1. What do you think should be the major mission of the National Museum of China?2. Do you agree with the view that showing a commercial brand in our national museum is a humiliation to Chinese culture? Why or why not?3. Some people hold that the showing of a luxury brand can be a perfect combination of art and business, and it will make the museum more lively, modern and inclusive. What is your comment?（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：()解析：二、口译题(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part ADirections:In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each sentence or paragraph, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal… and stop it at the signal… You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. Now let us begin Part A with the first passage.(总题数：1，分数：4.00)（分数：4.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：(许多瑜珈练习者并不在意瑜珈的内涵，而更注重它给自己身体带来的外在变化。

2011年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷第I卷(105分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A;you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversatio n and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a train station. B. At an airport.C. At a travel agency.D. At a bus station.2. A. $5. B. $10.C. $15.D. $50.3. A. Receptionist and guest. B. Salesperson and customer.C. Doctor and patient.D. Waiter and diner.4. A. Excited. B. Dissatisfied.C. Bo red.D. Exhausted.5. A. Her hair has changed. B. She isn’t satisfied with her hair style.C. She prefers to wear long hair.D. The man has changed his hair style.6. A. It is too early to watch the Talent Show. B. He will go to bed in five minutes.C. He would rather watch TV than go to bed.D. He is old enough to stay up.7. A. She has got everything ready. B. She never hesitates over what to take.C. She hates packing by herself.D. She needs more time for packing.8. A. They should wait for John for a while. B. They should stay here for the night.C. They should start the meeting right away.D. They should call John at once.9. A. She is unwilling to move into a new flat. B. Her neighbors get along well with her.C. She can’t tell the man why she is moving.D. Her neighbors usually play their TV loud.10.A. Ask for directions. B. Try a different route.C. Go back for the map.D. Cancel their trip.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked to questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the blest answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. A political system. B. Religion.C. Working language.D. Race.12.A. Discuss current issues. B. Join in a writing competition.C. Attend an arts and crafts competition.D. Celebrate their friendship.13.A. The Commonwealth Games. B. An important holiday.C. The Commonwealth members.D. An international association. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14.A. Equipping students with knowledge. B. Qualifying students for certain jobs.C. Developing students’ habits of mind.D. Helping students to go to graduate school.15.A. The ability to have critical analysis. B. Creative use of leisure time.[来源学科网ZXXK]C. Logical use of information.D. Willingness to accept uncertainty.16.A. Goals to reach in a college education. B. Roles of knowledge in students’ growth.C. Qualifications needed for a job.D. Importance of after-class activities. Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Complaint FormCaller: Mary WhitePhone No.: 17 .Location of Problem: A 18 restaurant , 449 Shanghai StreetDetails: It dumps its 19 on the street.It doesn’t put bottles and cans in 20 bins.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.How long does short memory last? It lasts only 21 .What is an example of medium term memory? Buying bread, a sort of 22 of thingsto do.What is long term memory concerned with? 23 that happen in your life such asyour wedding.It 24 .How is long term memory different from theothers?II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25.Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you ______ the tough years.A. throughB. upC. withD. from26.To stay awake, he finished a cup of coffee and ordered ______.A. the otherB. otherC. the othersD. another27.It’s no use ______ without taking action.A. complainB. complainingC. being complainedD. to becomplained28.I ______ worry about my weekend—I always have my plans ready before it comes.A. ca n’tB. mustn’tC. daren’tD. needn’t29.When Mom looked back on the early days of their marriage, she wondered how they hadmanaged with ______ money.A. so fewB. such fewC. so littleD. such little30.It doesn’t matter if they want to come t o your party, ______?A. doesn’t itB. does itC. don’t theyD. do they31.After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team ______ four days later.A. rescuedB. was rescuedC. has rescuedD. had been rescued32.The rare fish, ______ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea.A. savedB. savingC. to be savedD. having saved33.At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam. Then I changed my mind, ______ thathe could do nothing to help.A. to realizeB. realizedC. realizingD. being realized34.Did you predict that many students ______ up for the dance competition?A. would signB. signedC. have signedD. had signed35.There is clear evidence ______ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.A. whatB. ifC. howD. that36.If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won’t bother to see it, or I’ll wait ______ it comesout on DVD.A. whetherB. afterC. thoughD. until37.The police officers in our city work hard ______ the rest of us can live a safe life.A. in caseB. as ifC. in order thatD. only if38.The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of ______ othersactually understand.A. whyB. thatC. whichD. what39.You’ll fin d taxis waiting at the bus station ______ you can hire to reach your host family.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. as40.Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing… but we seem ______ the art ofcommunicating face-to-face.A. losingB. to be losingC. to be lostD. having lostSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. launchedB. unpleasantC. applyingD. technicallyE. impactF. coatingG. fixedH. miraculouslyI. superiorJ. advancesHow would you like to wear the same underwear (内衣裤) for weeks? Owing to the work that has gone into developing intelligent materials, this may not be as 41 as it sounds. Self-cleaning clothes have now been created, and these new materials provide 42 resistance to dirt as well as water. As a result, they require much less cleaning than traditional materials.The creation of self-cleaning clothes provides an example of how nature helps scientists develop better products. This self-cleaning nature is known as the “lotus effect”. The name comes, of course, from the lotus leaves, which are famous for growing in muddy lakes and rivers while remaining almost 43clean. By observing nature, scientists are 44 the qualities of the lotus leaves to the materials they have engineered. Because of this, some remarkable new products have been 45 . Among them are special windows that are resistant to dirt and water. A special 46 on these windows not only prevents dirt from sticking to their surfaces, but also allows dust to be easily washed off by the rain. In fact, these new windows have already been 47 to some cars. Even when traveling at high speed through rain, these cars never have to use their windshield wipers (雨刮器).Although we have already seen some practical applications, even more dramatic 48 will be made in the future, and they will, perhaps, change our world completely. Undoubtedly, technology is an important development, and it will have an even bigger 49 on our lives.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank w ith the word or phrase that best fits the context.Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining (留住) customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, 50 , words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once companies have attracted customers they often 51 the second half of the story. In the excitement of beating off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers tend to become carried away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of business—52 that the customer remains a customer.53 to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10 and 30 per cent of its customers every years. In constantly changing 54 , this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any idea how many customers they have lost.Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the 55implications. Cutting down the number of customers a company loses can make a big 56 in its performance. Research in the US found that a five per cent decrease in the number of defecting (流失的) customers led to 57 increases of between 25 and 85 per cent.In the US, Domino’s Pizza estimates that a regular customer is worth more than $5,000 over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and 58 never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in 59 profits (more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience).The logic behind cultivating customer 60 is impossible to deny. “In practice m ost companies’ marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to 61 them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University’ School of Management. “Research suggeststhat there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits. 62 customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price 63 , and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it 64 for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.50.A. in particular B. in reality C. at least D. first of all51.A. emphasize B. doubt C. overlook D. believe52.A. denying B. ensuring C. arguing D. proving53.A. Moving B. Hoping C. Starting D. Failing54.A. markets B. tastes C. prices D. expenses55.A. culture B. social C. financial D. economical56.A. promise B. plan C. mistake D. differe nce57.A. cost B. opportunity C. profit D. budget58.A. as a result B. on the whole C. in conclusion D. on the contrary59.A. huge B. potential C. extra D. reasonable60.A. beliefs B. loyalty C. habits D. interest61.A. altering B. understanding C. keeping D. attracting62.A. Assumed B. Respected C. Established D. Unexpected63.A. agreeable B. flexible C. friendly D. sensitive64.A. unfair B. difficult C. essential D. convenient Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AThe teacher who did the most to encourage me was, as it happened, my aunt. She was Myrtle C. Manigault, the wife of my mother’s brother Bill. She taught in second grade at all-black Summer School in Camden, New Jersey.During my childhood and youth, Aunt Myrtle encouraged me to develop every aspect of my potential, without regard for what was considered practical or possible for black females. I liked to sing; she listened to my voice and pronounce d it good. I couldn’t dance; she taught me the basic dancing steps. She took me to the theatre not just children’s theatre but adult comedies and dramas—and her faith that I could appreciate adult plays was not disappointed.My aunt also took down books from her extensive library and shared them with me. I had books at home, but they were all serious classics. Even as a child I had a strong liking for humor, and I’ll never forget the joy of discovering Don Marquis’s Archy & Mehitabel through her.Most important, perhaps, Aunt Myrtle provided my first opportunity to write for publication.A writer herself for one of the black newspapers, she suggested my name to the editor as a “youth columnist”. My column, begun when I was fourteen, was supposed to cov er teenage social activities—and it did—but it also gave me the freedom to write on many other subjects as well as the habit of gathering material, the discipline of meeting deadlines, and, after graduation from college six years later, a solid collection of published material that carried my name and was mypassport to a series of writing jobs.Today Aunt Myrtle is still an enthusiastic supporter of her “favourite niece”. Like a diamond, she has reflected a bright, multifaceted (多面的) image of possibilities to every pupil w ho has crossed her path.65. Which of the following did Aunt Myrtle do to the author during her childhood and youth?A. She lent her some serious classics.B. She cultivated her taste for music.C. She discovered her talent for dancing.D. She introduced her to adult plays.66. What does Archy and Mehitabel in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?A. A book of great fun.B. A writer of high fame.C. A serious masterpiece.D. A heartbreaking play.67. Aunt Myrtle recommended the author to a newspaper editor mainly to ______.[来源学&科&网Z&X&X&K]A. develop her capabilities for writingB. give her a chance to collect materialC. involve her in teenage social activitiesD. offer her a series of writing jobs68. We can conclude from the passage that Aunt Myrtle was a teacher who ______.A. trained pupils to be diligent and well-disciplinedB. gave pupils confidence in exploiting their potentialC. emphasized what was practical or possible for pupils.D. helped pupils overcome difficulties in learningB Humpback whalesHumpback whales are sometimes called performersof the ocean. This is because they can make impressivemovements when they dive. The name “humpback”,which is the common name for this whale, refers to thetypical curve shape the whale’s back forms as it dives.[来源:] Sometimes the humpback will dive with a fantastic movement, known as a breach . During breaching the whale uses its powerful tail flukes to lift nearly two-thirds of its body out of the water in a giant leap. A breach might also include a sideways twist with fins stretched out like wings, as the whale reaches the height Quick Facts [来源:Z §xx §] Size: 14m~18m in length 30~50 tons in weight Living Open ocean and shallow coastline waters Environment: From warm tropical (热带的) waters, where theybreed, to cold polarwaters, where they eat.Diet: Shellfish, plants and fishof small sizeHunting: Sometimes in groups, inof the breach.A humpback whale breathes air at the surface of the water through two blowholes which are located near the top of the head. It blows a double stream of water that can rise up to 4 meters above the water.The humpback has a small dorsal fin located towards the tail flukes about two-thirds of the way down its back. Other distinguishing features include large pectoral fins, which may be up to a third of the body length, and unique black and white spots on the underside of the tail flukes. These markings are like fingerprints: no two are the same.Humpback whales live in large groups. They communicate with each other through complex “songs”.[来源:Z。

2011年高考上海卷考试手册-英语科一、考试性质和对象上海市英语科高考是为高校招生而进行的选拔考试。

它的指导思想是有助于高等学校选拔新生，有助于中学实施素质教育和对学生语言综合运用能力的培养。

考试对象为2011年考生。

二、考试目标英语科高考旨在测试考生的英语基础知识和运用语言的能力。

其中，着重语言运用能力的考核。

英语基础知识包括语音、语法、词汇和语言功能。

（2010年的考纲上包括了习惯用法，2011年去掉了这一点）语言运用能力指获取、理解信息的能力(听、读)，按情景或要求表达思想、传递信息的能力（写）；对英语专业和其他有关专业的考生还包括用英语进行口头表述的能力（说）。

语言基础知识和听、读、写的具体测试目标为：语言基础知识主要测试考生对语言基础知识的掌握和运用能力（2010年考纲为：语言环境中运用基础知识的能力），具体目标为：1．能在具体语境中正确识别和理解不同语音、语调所表达的意义。

2．能在具体语境中正确识别、理解和运用语法结构。

3．能在具体语境中正确理解和运用词汇。

4．能在具体语境中正确理解和运用语言功能。

（以下为2010年要求：1.能在具体的语境中正确的识别、理解和运用语法结构。

2.能在具体语境中正确理解和运用词汇。

）听力主要测试考生理解口头英语并完成相关任务的能力，（2010年为：理解口头英语的能力，）具体目标为：1.能获取重要的事实信息；2.能理解话语中隐含的意思；3.能归纳话语的主旨大意。

阅读主要测试考生理解书面英语并完成相关任务的能力（2011年新增加并完成相关任务），具体目标为：1.能理解文章的基本内容；2.能根据上下文正确理解词语和句子；3.能归纳文章的主旨大意；4.能推测文章中的隐含意思；5.能运用阅读技能完成不同文体的阅读任务。

写主要测试考生的书面表达能力，具体的目标为：1.能运用所学的语言知识译出正确通顺的句子；2.能根据题意正确、连贯、贴切地进行书面表达。

三、试卷结构英语科高考采用笔试和口试两种方式，其中口试只要求报考英语专业和其他相关专业的考生参加，并提前单独进行（口试要求见《2011年上海市高考英语口语考试手册》）。