【双语阅读】初中英语双语阅读：聪明的翻译

西方名人教育观（中英双语·原创中文翻译）1. No man who worships education has got the best out of education.... Without a gentle contempt for education no man's education is complete. ---G.K. Chesterton对教育过于崇拜的人，并不能得到教育的真谛…一个人如果对教育不带一丝蔑视的话，他的教育是不完整的。

---G·K·切斯特顿2. The aim of education should be to teach us rather how to think, than what to think - rather to improve our minds, so as to enable us to think for ourselves, than to load the memory with thoughts of other men. ---Bill Beattie教育的目的应该是教我们思维的方法而不是思维的内容，教我们改善思维方法，使我们能独立思考，而不是在我们的记忆里载入他人的思想。

---比尔·贝蒂3. The whole purpose of education is to turn mirrors into windows. ~Sydney J. Harris教育的全部目的就是把镜子变成窗户。

---斯尼·J·哈里斯4. Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school. ---Albert Einstein 如果我们将学校学过的东西忘得一干二净，剩下的东西就是教育的本质。

Boost Your Mood in Just About AnySituationWritten on 9/30/2008 by Ali Hale. Ali runs Alpha Student, a blog packed with academic, financial and practical tips to help students get the most out of their time at university. Photo Credit: wrhowellWe all have days when we feel down in the dumps. Whether it’s getting out of bed on the wrong side, having a stressful patch at work, the miserable weather, or just an inexplicably bad mood –there are some easy tactics you can rely on to cheer up instantly.If the mood is derived from something within your control, fix it as soon as possible and you'll feel a huge weight lifted off your mind. If it's something you simply can't shake, do an end-around and boost your mood simply to spite it.Here are some simple end-around moves you can consider. More likely however, you'll catch onto the idea and create your own.Wearing your favorite sweaterIf you’ve woken up grouchy, put on your favorite sweater, your lucky socks, or that piece of jewelery your partner gave you. Iguarantee you’ll start the day in a better frame of mind. Wearing something which you have an emotional attachment to is almost as good as a hug!Baking a cakeI love rolling up my sleeves and getting busy in the kitchen, especially when the result is something sweet and delicious! Dig out your favorite recipe for a cake, brownies, cookies or some other treat –and get busy. Long before that delicious baking aroma fills your kitchen, you’ll be cheerful again. If you wake up grouchy everyday, you may want to skip this one. A cake each day is not the answer unless you're giving them away!Listening to Monty Python songsMonty Python (a comedy sketch group) has produced some hilarious songs. It really isn’t possible to listen to these and keep a straight face –go on, try it. Here’s a few of my favourites: Philosophers Song (with lyrics and images of the philosophers mentioned)Brave Sir Robin (with the film clip and subtitles)Walking outsideIf I’m in a ratty mood during the workday, it’s usually because I’ve been at my desk writing for too long without moving around. I find that a brisk walk always cheers me up. Most of us need to improve our sedentary lifestyle. Get outside for half an hour, and walk off some of that excess energy –for the sake of your physical and mental health.The beauty of natureAnother benefit to getting outside is to drink-in your surroundings. If you can, get to a park, meadow, wood or other green space. Look at the trees, the leaves, the grass, and drink in all the colours. There’s always something beautiful to see –if we just take a few minutes to stop and look.Your friendsWhen you’re feeling down, chatting to friends is a great way to perk up. Even if you’re feeling misanthropic, why not give someone a ring and arrange to meet up for a coffee? Or, write an email to someone you’ve been out of touch with for a while.Reading a novelSometimes, we all need to escape from life for a bit. I findgetting into a great novel is an ideal way to do that. Curl up in your armchair with a book by one of your favorite authors and let yourself get absorbed in the story. For me, this works much better than trying to cheer myself up reading online –email and other distractions make it very hard to switch off mentally.Tidying up / declutteringAlthough chores feel like the last thing you want to do when you’re in a bad mood, getting rid of mess and clutter will definitely make you feel happier. Our environment has a strong effect on how we feel –so make sure you’re working (or relaxing) in a place that’s comfortable to be in. The other bonus of getting on with some tidying is that you’ll get a sense of achievement from it –a great spur to doing more, if you’re feeling lethargic or lazy.Taking a bathI often feel that I’m too busy to luxuriate in the bath –but I know that’s not true. Taking some time out to really relax will make you far more motivated and productive, and a long soak in a bubble-filled bath is the perfect way to unwind at the end of the day for a good night’s sleep.Being gratefulOne good way to feel happy is to list all the things you’re grateful about. (This can also be quite humbling if you’re feeling hard done by.) Sit down with a piece of paper and pen somewhere quiet, and write down all the things in your life that you want to say thank you for. They can be little or big, silly or profound.How do you cheer up when you’re feeling down?1 2。

feed是什么意思中考英语复习资料对于每个考生来说都是很重要的，它影响着考生的高中去向，下面是百分网小编整理的2023年中考英语复习资料，希望能帮到你。

2023中考英语常见难翻译简短英文句子1。

She fully enjoyed cakes and ale。

误译：她充分地享用了蛋糕和啤酒。

原意：她尽享了人生乐趣。

[解释]这里cakes and ale意为“人生乐事”，出自莎士比亚著作《第十二夜》。

2。

My dad told me not to call him names。

误译：我爸爸让我不要叫他名字。

原意：我爸爸叫我不要骂他。

[解释]call one names是辱骂别人的意思，注意此处一定要用宾格one，而不能用所有格one‘s。

3。

He went cap in hand to the teacher。

误译：他拿着帽子去找老师。

原意：他毕恭毕敬地去找老师。

[解释]cap in hand是毕恭毕敬的意思，切记不要机械翻译哦!4。

Care killed a cat。

误译：注意杀猫。

原意：忧虑伤身。

[解释]忧虑对于有九条命的猫来说不利。

5。

Jessica carried coals to Newcastle。

误译：Jessica把煤运到Newcastle去了。

原意：Jessica多此一举。

[解释]因为Newcastle是英国的产煤中心和输出港口，因此把煤运去Newcastle便是徒劳无功的意思，翻译是要和文化紧密结合的!6。

Catch me doing it!误译：抓住我做那件事!原意：我决不干那样的事![解释]和I‘ll never do it again是同一个意思。

7。

I think $5000 is chicken feed to her。

误译：我想给她5000美元用来买鸡饲料。

原意：我觉得5000美元对她来说是小钱儿。

[解释]chicken feed是不屑一提的钱的意思。

8.Tom is the cock of the walk。

【双语阅读】被玩坏了的校花校草们小编翻来覆去辗转反侧思考一个问题，现在新兴词汇越来越多，对于翻译来讲绝对是一件超有挑战的事情，当然也是甜蜜的负担吧!记得上次看到应粉丝的要求知名博主谷大白话在微博中翻译莫言《丰乳肥臀》里金童的七个姐姐来弟、招弟、领弟、想弟、盼弟、念弟、求弟。

所谓翻译的信达雅，相信这位长期从事影视作品翻译工作的博主信手拈来，令人惊奇的是人还在翻译中加上自己幽默。

谷大白话将这些名字分别翻译成：【音译】Lady, Judy, Lindy, Shanti, Pandy, Nandy, Cheldy 【意译】Bringson, Addison, Getson,Misson, Willson, Longson, Prayson 【音译+意译】Bringdick, Addick, Geddick, Missdick,Willdick, Longdick, Praydick。

不少网友惊呼绝了!小编也是在想翻译一些新兴名词。

比如下面我们说的——校花(不是笑话)怎么翻译才算最地道呢?“校花”的英文说法最常见的有school babe和campus belle两种。

Babe is a word used to address a young woman, or your wife, husband or lover,usually expressing affection but sometimes considered offensive if used by a manto a woman he does not know. Now many people use it to refer to an attractiveyoung woman, for example: she is really a babe.Babe这个词是对年轻女子或爱人的昵称，男子用以称呼不相识的女子则有冒犯之嫌。

不过，现在很多人都用这个词来指代年轻貌美的女子。

中考英语复习：双语版聪明人的十大特征中考英语复习：双语版聪明人的十大特征Unless you think you’re the smartest，who doesn’t want to be smarter？Of course I want to be smarter too，so I try to find out who’s the real smart guy that maybe I can learn from.除非你觉得自己聪明绝顶无人能敌，谁不想变得再聪明一点呢？我也是，所以我就想看看能从那些聪明的家伙身上学到点什么。

Here are the signs of smart people：以下是聪明人的10大信号：1. They don’t talk as much as you，because they know they got smart by listening。

他们不会说太多，因为他们知道多听才能变聪明。

2. They know lots of things other than what they’re specialized in. Theirs is the gift of a broad mind，constantly fed with the stimulant of being interested in what everyone else is doing。

除去专业知识之外，他们知道的很多。

他们的天赋就是思维活跃，总是对其他人在做的事情充满好奇和兴趣。

3. They juggle home，work and personal interests with dexterity and never fall back on the tired old refrain about “work life balance”. And when they’re juggling，they somehow manage to seem 100% engaged with what they’re doing，on all fronts simultaneously，even though you know they’re taking appropriate steps behind the scenes to make sure their lives are perfectly，serenely balanced。

黑布林英语阅读聪明的妇人主要内容The story of "The Clever Woman of the Blackberry Bush" is an inspiring tale that highlights the importance of wit and resourcefulness in overcoming challenges. In the story, a woman who lived near a blackberry bush noticed that someone had been stealing her berries. Instead of reacting with anger or frustration, she decides to outsmart the thief by using her intelligence and creativity. She comes up with a clever plan to catch the thief in the act, and ultimately succeeds in protecting her precious berries.这个故事讲述了“黑布林的聪明女人”的故事，这是一个鼓舞人心的故事，强调了智慧和足智多谋在克服挑战中的重要性。

故事中，一个住在黑布林附近的女人注意到有人在偷她的浆果。

她没有生气或沮丧，而是决定通过运用智慧和创造力来智胜窃贼。

她想出了一个聪明的计划来捉住窃贼的行径，并最终成功地保护了她珍贵的浆果。

The woman in the story demonstrates qualities such as patience, perseverance, and quick thinking. Instead of reacting impulsively to the theft of her berries, she takes the time to observe the situation and come up with a strategic plan. She shows perseverance bycontinuing to protect her berries despite the challenges she faces. Her quick thinking allows her to devise a clever trap that ultimately leads to the thief's capture. These qualities are not only admirable but also serve as important lessons for readers.故事中的女人展现了耐心、毅力和机智等品质。

★以下是英语资源频道为⼤家整理的《双语美⽂阅读翻译：让美好⽣活触⼿可及》，供⼤家参考。

1) Get out in nature ⼀、⾛进⾃然 You probably seriously underestimate how important this is. (Actually, there’s research that says you do.) Being in nature reduces stress, makes you more creative, improves your memory and may even make you a better person. 你可能根本不知道这有多重要。

(真的，有研究表明你的确不知道。

)⾝处⼤⾃然可以缓解压⼒，使你有更丰富的创造⼒，更好的记忆⼒，甚⾄可能使你变成⼀个更好的⼈。

2) Exercise ⼆、锻炼 We all know how important this is, but few people do it consistently. Other than health benefits too numerous to mention, exercise makes you smarter, happier, improves sleep, increases libido and makes you feel better about your body. A Harvard study that has tracked a group of men for more than 70 years identified it as one of the secrets to a good life. 我们都知道这很重要，不过很少有⼈坚持锻炼。

锻炼对健康的益处不胜枚举，除此之外还能使你更聪明，更开⼼，改善你的睡眠，提升你的性欲，让你对你的⾝材更加满意。

Comfort Food 抚慰心灵的食物Katie:So what are three foods that you absolutely have to have that you can't live without?凯蒂：哪三种食物是你必须要吃而且离不了的食物？Gilda:I would say that I could not live without arepa.It's like my daily breakfast in Venezuela.吉尔达：我会说没有玉米饼我活不下去。

玉米饼是我在委内瑞拉每天都要吃的早餐。

Katie:What's that?凯蒂：那是什么？Gilda:Arepa is made of corn flour, and it looks like a hamburger. So you put anything youwant inside and it'svery tasty. And I would say like 95 percent of Venezu elans eat arepasevery day. Well, it's kind of like a hi gh-carb diet in my country. So I need rice also for lunch , and bread. Bread is another thing. In the afternoon, a piece of bread, sweet bread with coffee iskind of lik e mandatory.吉尔达：玉米饼是用玉米面做的，看起来很像汉堡包。

你可以在里面加你想吃的任何食物，非常美味。

我认为委内瑞拉有95%的人每天都吃玉米饼。

这在我们国家是高碳食品。

我午饭要吃米饭和面包。

面包是另一个我离不开的食物。

英语故事掩耳盗铃双语版带翻译相信掩耳盗铃的故事大家小时候是再熟悉不过的了，那么你看过英文版的掩耳盗铃吗，今天店铺在这里为大家介绍英语故事双语版掩耳盗铃，欢迎大家阅读!英语故事掩耳盗铃双语版篇一【寓言典故】掩耳盗铃：原为掩耳盗钟。

掩：遮盖;盗：偷。

把耳朵捂住偷铃铛;以为自己听不见;别人听不见。

比喻自欺欺人。

出处：《吕氏春秋·自知》：“百姓有得钟者;欲负而走;则钟大不可负;以椎毁之;钟况然有音。

恐人闻之而夺己也。

遽揜(掩)其耳。

恶人闻之;可也;恶己闻之;悖也。

”春秋时侯，晋国贵族智伯灭掉了范氏。

有人趁机跑到范氏家里想偷点东西，看见院子里吊着一口大钟。

钟是用上等青铜铸成的，造型和图案都很精美。

小偷心里高兴极了，想把这口精美的大钟背回自已家去。

可是钟又大又重，怎么也挪不动。

他想来想去，只有一个办法，那就是把钟敲碎，然后再分别搬回家。

小偷找来一把大大锤，拼命朝钟砸去，咣的一声巨响，把他吓了一大跳。

小偷着慌，心想这下糟了，这种声不就等于是告诉人们我正在这里偷钟吗?他心里一急，身子一下子扑到了钟上，张开双臂想捂住钟声，可钟声又怎么捂得住呢!钟声依然悠悠地传向远方。

他越听越害怕，不同自由地抽回双手，使劲捂住自已的耳朵。

“咦，钟声变小了，听不见了!”小偷高兴起来，“妙极了!把耳朵捂住不住就听不进钟声了吗!”他立刻找来两个布团，把耳朵塞住，心想，这下谁也听不见钟声了。

于是就放手砸起钟来，一下一下，钟声响亮地传到很远的地方。

人们听到钟声蜂拥而至把小偷捉住了。

故事出自《吕氏春秋·自知》“掩耳盗钟”被说成“掩耳盗铃”，比喻愚蠢自欺的掩饰行为。

【英文描述】Plugging One's Ears While Stealing a BellDuring the Spring and Autumn period, Zhi Bo of the State ofJin destroyed Fan's family. Takingadvantage of this occasion, a man went to Fan's house and tried to steal something. As soon asthe man entered the gate, he saw that there hung a big bell in the courtyard. The bell was cast inhigh-quality bronze, and was beautiful in design and shape. The thief was very glad, and decidedto carry this beautiful bell back home. But no matter how hard he tried, he could not move thebell, because the bell was both big and heavy. He thought and thought again, and believed therewas only one way to solve the problem. He had to break the bell to pieces before he was able tocarry them back to his home separately.The thief found a big iron hammer, with which he struck the bell with all his might. The strikingproduced an enormous crashing sound, which might. The striking produced an enormouscrashing sound, which made the thief terribly frightened. The thief got flurried, thinking that it wastoo bad to have produced the crashing sound which would himself on the bell, trying to mufflethe crashing sound with his arms. But how could the crashing sound of the bell be muffled? Thecrashing sound still kept drifting melodiously to distant places. The more he listened to the sound,the more frightened he became. He subconsciously shrank back, and covered his ears hard withhis hands. "Hey, the sound becomes fainter, inaudible," the thief became cheerful at once,"wonderful! The sound of the bell can not be heard when the ears are covered." He immediatelygot some odd bits of cloth, made two rolls with them, and had his ears plugged with the two clothrolls. He thought that in this way nobody could hear the sound of the bell. Feeling relieved, hebegan striking the bell, one blow after another. The resounding sound of the bell was heard atdistant places, and finally peoplecaught the thief by gracing the sound.Later, people have used the set phrase "plugging one's ears while stealing a bell" to refer to theignorance and foolishness of the person who deceives himself as well as others.英语故事掩耳盗铃双语版篇二Once upon a time, a man saw a doorbell hanging from someone's door and wanted to steal it.从前，有个人看见人家大门上挂着一只门铃，就想把它偷来。

优美的英语长句⼦英汉互译1. 找⼀些优美的英⽂句⼦最好是长⼀点的1. Life is like a bouquet of flowers, watch carefully, to see its beauty; Life is like a cup of green tea, carefully taste, to reward out really taste. We should from the failure, from success in life taste, from the life of philosophy.2. Life is blooming flower, it blossom beautifully, stretch, more beautiful endowment; Life is beautiful little poem, pure and fresh and smooth, meaning long; Life is beautiful music, sounds harmonious, rising and falling on; Life is flowing rivers, running the rest, rolls on.3. Life such as flower, outstanding displays; Life is a song, delightful; Life is like wine, mellow fragrance; Life is like a poem, far-reaching, bright and colorful.4. Life is a wise elder, life is a learned the teacher, it is often the spring rain, coming softly for we show a labyrinth, give us life of enlightenment.5. The beauty of life, never shown in her enterprising of them; Like the tree beauty, it is to show up in negative potential towering vigorous vitality; Like the eagle beauty, it is to show the wind blow in cardiac rain as the soul of heaven flying in the sky; Like the rivers of the beautiful, is demonstrated in it the rough in the torrent plummeted.6. Life is beautiful, it is short. Some life lonely, some life is colorful, different people have different life pursuit; Life is a no return one-way traffic, everyone with all of our time and move on.7. Life, is to face the reality smile, cross obstacle is at the future; Life, with the mind is cut, on the road of life cut out the picture of a branch; Life, is face puzzled or dark, soul with bean big but bright smile and the ever-present jolly.8. Life is like a mountain, the most important thing is not its height, but in the clever; Life is like a rain, important is not the size of it, and in time.9. Mature is a bright and not dazzling light a fruity and not be bored with ear of sound, which does not need to others examine yan guan color calmly, a finally stopped to appeal the atmosphere around call, a kind of ignore HongNao smile, a washed the extreme indifference, a secret without the thick, a kind of is not steep height.10. Life is like a book, should be more some wonderful details, less boring word; Life is like a song, should be more high melody and less sad note; Life is like a picture, should be more bright beautiful colour, less gloomy hues.11. Life is an encyclopedia, all-encompassing; Life is a LiuXianQin, play multiple beautiful melody: life is a pegasus brand big clock, wind, can make the person obtains the enrichment of life.12. Life is long and the way of colorful, like in the horizon sea voyage, sometimes in a calm and run smoothly; And sometimes but will is crowdedly, hard drive. But as long as we don't put out a beacon of heart, can follow our route to sail on. The way of life long and colorful: in the sunlight I learn to laugh, and in the dark I learned to strong, In the wild winds I got hope, in the storm I grasp ideal; When I'm standing in the midpoint look back, I walked out of a belong to my way of life.Support power is great, the support of the process is difficult, the result is silent support. We only have a good grasp of the life of the "triangle", to hold our own glorious life.Great trees stood tall and straight, thrived, it is from the earth to the deep plunge the root of a triangle with dry support. So, dead tree roots will become.Lingyun tall buildings and spectacular, the momentum of the astonishing, and because of that comes from foundation of the support of a triangle has no language. So, the trapped floor will be dangerous.The pillar of strong support up undeniable bridge in one hundred, the resilience of the rail of supporting the Mercedes trains blow. Because they are thanks to the support of the triangle structure.The spirit of light that coat, red red orange green the blue purple, the home is to its proud, march to its finally refined, dew on petals reflects the whole world of beauty and I will shake it holds on palm, and in between into colourful color to dissolve the appearance a little, together to be the only immortal memories.Ten opened again, and that year as the beautiful fragrance. The fence under the fence of ten spot, wafting, with thick sorrow. Close your eyes, slightly stunned, deep memory, you smile than the flower lip is sweet.A piece of ways, not forget to leave in the twists and turns a blank, make people far behind blank "no way at suspected a siler lining" charming scenery.A wave of ripple, the stormy not forget to leave after a blank, people travel to "star hanging open wide, on chung big encircling" the vigorous and grand, the surge of emotion surge JiLi scenery.A piece of the poetry, the lingering Fei between measured not forget to leavea bit gap, let a person taste after a long and sound of blank, "wered, the great tide, 。

英文在线翻译：名著双语阅读《飘》第1章第二节英文在线翻译：名著双语阅读《飘》第一章第2节你是否想要领略世界名著原文带来的震撼？又是否面对厚厚一本英文无从下口？下面我为大家带来了《飘》的双语阅读，包括原文和翻译，同时附词汇和语法解析，阅读的同时还可以学习英语。

Seated with Stuart and Brent Tarleton in the cool shade of the porch of Tara, her father’s plantation , that bright April afternoon of 1861, she made a pretty picture. Her new green flowered-muslin dress spread its twelve yards of billowing material over her hoops and exactly matched the flat-heeled green morocco slippers her father had recently brought her from Atlanta. The dress set off to perfection the seventeen-inch waist, the smallest in three counties, and the tightly fitting basque showed breasts well matured for her sixteen years.1861年四月一个晴朗的下午，思嘉同塔尔顿家的孪生兄弟斯图尔特和布伦特坐在她父亲的塔拉农场阴凉的走廊里，她的美貌显得更明媚如画了。

她穿一件新绿花布衣裳，长长的裙子在裙箍上舒展着，配上她父亲从亚特兰大给她带来的新绿羊皮便鞋，显得很相称。

她的腰围不过17英寸，是附近三个县里最细小的了，而这身衣裳更把腰肢衬托得更完整，加上里面那件绷得紧紧的小马甲，使她的只有16岁但已发育得很好的乳房便跃然显露了。

聪明的英文怎么读它的翻译及阅读聪明是一种常见的赞美之词，形容人的智商等很高，聪明的英文怎么读你了解吗，现在跟店铺一起来学习关于聪明的英语知识吧!聪明的英文读法intelligent英 [ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt]美 [ɪnˈtɛlədʒənt]bright英 [braɪt]美 [braɪt]clever英 [ˈklevə(r)]美 [ˈklɛvɚ]聪明的英文例句1. Fry for about 4 minutes, until the onion has softened.煎4分钟左右，直到洋葱1. She was thin and spare, with a sharply intelligent face.她又高又瘦，一副精明过人的模样。

2. An intelligent computer will be an indispensable diagnostic tool for doctors.智能计算机将成为医生不可或缺的诊断工具。

3. All your arguments presuppose that he's a rational, intelligent man.你所有论点的前提都是他是一个理性而聪明的人。

4. Susan'sa very bright and intelligent woman who knows her own mind.苏珊是个非常聪明、有主见的女子。

5. He ventured the opinion that "whales are as intelligent as human beings".他大胆提出了“鲸与人类一样聪明”的观点。

6. Gradually, with an intelligent use of flashbacks, Yves' story unravels.通过巧妙运用倒叙手法，伊夫的故事慢慢呈现出来。

校园英语 / 科技翻译中翻译转换理论的映现——以中国日报网双语阅读中的翻译为例兰州理工大学外国语学院/段文颇 邢冉冉【摘要】随着社会的进步，科技的发展以及中国与世界其它各国之间交流的日益频繁，翻译领域的分工越来越细，由此应运而生的科技翻译这一领域也愈发受到众多学者的重视与探讨。

卡特弗德以韩礼德的“阶和范畴语法”为母论，在此基础上提出了翻译转换理论。

本文将结合卡特弗德对翻译转换的具体分类，分析其在科技翻译中的应用。

【关键词】科技翻译 卡特弗德 层次转换 范畴转换一、引言科技类文章是大众和专业人士获取科学知识的重要渠道，同时也是知识传播和先进科技的重要载体。

要想更好的实现科技的交流，就要对科技翻译重视起来。

在我国，翻译方法的研究有很多，然而很少有人从词汇、句法和语义这些层面进行研究，深入到翻译过程中的具体变化或转换中去。

本文拟从科技文本的特征入手，具体分析卡特弗德转换理论在科技英语翻译中的应用。

二、卡特弗德的翻译转换理论“转换”这一概念最早被认为是由卡特福德在其著作《翻译的语言学理论》中提出的。

他的翻译转换理论是基于翻译的语言学理论框架之中的。

他区别了形式对应与文本等值。

文本等值总是运用在特定的一对原语文本与译语文本之间，而形式对等是一个基于系统的一组语言的相对大体概念。

既然原语与译语之间有明显的差别，卡特福德认为翻译转换的发生还是很有必要的，并把翻译转换定义为“从原语到目标语过程中偏离了形式对应”。

他区别了两类转换，即层次转换和范畴转换，层次转换又可以再细分为结构转换、单位转换(又称为层级转换)、词类转换和内部系统转换。

三、卡特弗德翻译转换理论在科技翻译中的应用本文选取了中国日报网双语阅读中的科技类文献为语料，进行了以下的具体分析。

1.层次转换。

层次转换即“处于一种语言层次上的原语单位，具有处于不同语言一层次上的译语翻译等值成分”。

基于韩礼德的理论，卡特福德认为语言可以区分为以下四种可能的层次：语法层、词汇层、形态层和语音层。

Since the pre-historic times, man has had an urge to satisfy his needs. Be it hunger, shelter or search for a mate, he has always manipulated the circumstances to the best of his advantages. Probably this might be the reason why we human are the most developed of all living species on the earth, and probably also in the universe. As we climbed the steps of evolution with giant leaps, we somehow left behind common sense and logical thinking —we forgot that we have stopped thinking ahead of times.自远古时代开始，人类就已经有了想要满足自身需求的强烈愿望。

从觅食、找寻栖息地或是他们的伴侣，人类总是可以将周遭的环境改善得对自己最为有利。

这，也许是由于我们与生活在地球上、也许还包括生活在宇宙中的各种生灵相比更为高级的缘故吧。

就在我们大步攀登着进化的阶梯时，却被常识和逻辑思维撇在身后 - 我们忘了我们已使自己的超前思维停了下来。

If you are hungry, what do you do? Grab a piece of your favorite meal and stay quiet after that? Just like your stomach, even your mind is hungry. But it never lets you know, because you keep it busy thinking about your dream lover, favorite star and many such absurd things.So it silently began to heed to your needs and never let itself grow. When mind looses its freedom to grow, creativity gets a full stop. This might be the reason why we all sometimes think "What happens next?", "Why can't I think?", "Why am I always given the difficult problems?" Well this is the aftermath of our own karma of using our brain for thinking of not-so-worthy things.如果你饿了，你会做什么?吃一顿你所喜爱的美味佳肴，然后静静地坐在那里?正如你的肚子，思想也会有饥饿的时候，但它却从来都不会让你有所察觉。

- 158-校园英语 / 基础教育研究【摘要】英语新课程标准的课程目标中，对现阶段学生的英语学习提出了新的要求。

其中针对初中阶段的学生，[1]新课标提出，三级目标要能够读懂小故事及其他文体的简单书面材料。

四级目标要求能读懂短篇故事，五级目标则是能够读懂7-9年级学习阅读的简单读物和报刊、杂志，克服生词障碍，理解大意；能够利用多种教育资源进行学习，进一步增强对文化差异的理解与认识。

笔者在初一下学期开始，通过让学生翻译一些与我们所学知识想对应的语篇这一形式(在文中主要是以双语报中语篇为主要形式)，希望达到以下教学目标：1.帮助学生加强对已学单词的记忆；2.拓展词汇量，特别是对已学单词一词多义用法的理解；3.增强学生对不同文化的理解与认知，从而进一步理解中外文化差异，以加强对英语这一门外语的学习。

【关键词】英语教学 语篇翻译 词汇记忆 语义理解 跨文化意识一、语篇翻译的背景提出1.新课标，语篇学习要求高。

随着新课标的修订、《Go for it 》人教版英语新教材的普及以及新的高考政策的推出，英语越来越成为学生学习中不可或缺的一部分，也成为莘莘学子能够进入理想大学的敲门砖。

这也就意味着它对初中阶段学生的英语学习提出了更高的要求。

特别是从初一下学期开始的英语新教材中可以探究，语篇在英语教学中的作用已渐渐上升到了一个新的高度：篇幅越来越长，词汇量越来越大，对学生的语篇阅读的要求也越来越高。

2.语篇翻译，实际运用意义大。

笔者认为，语篇翻译对于这一现状有着非常重要的现实意义。

Wolfram Wilss 指出翻译是与语言行为抉择密切相关的一种语际信息传递的特殊方式，是一种跨文化的信息交流与交换的活动。

蔡基则认为：就翻译这个涉及说和写的综合交际能力来说，越来越被社会看重。

笔者在自身的教学实践中发现这种教学法在英语教学实践中却很少被使用。

那么这种教学法真的一无是处，无法适应外语教学的需要了吗？笔者希望通过亲身的教学实践，研究和探讨语篇翻译在英语教学过程中的价值。

格林童话《小人儿的礼物》中英文版格林童话:小人儿的礼物The Gifts of the Little PeopleJacob and Wilhelm GrimmA tailor and a goldsmith were journeying together when one evening, just as the sun had sunk behind the mountains, they heard the sound of distant music. It grew more and more distinct. It had a strange sound, but was so pleasing that they forgot their fatigue and walked speedily ahead. The moon had already risen when they arri ved at a hill, upon which they viewed a large number of small men and women who were holding hands and dancing around and cheerfully singing with the greatest ple asure and happiness. That was the music that the wanderers had heard.An old man, somewhat larger than the others, sat in their midst. He wore a brigh tly colored jacket, and his ice-gray beard hung down over his chest. Filled with amaze ment, the two wanderers stopped and watched the dance. The old man motioned to them that they too should join in, and the little people voluntarily opened their circle.The goldsmith, who had a hump on his back, and ——like all hunchbacks ——was forward enough, stepped right up. The tailor was at first a little shy and held ba ck, but as soon as he saw what fun it was, he too took heart and joined in.They closed the circle again, and the little people sang and danced wildly forth. However, the old man took a broad knife, that had been hanging from his belt, shar pened it, and as soon as it was sufficiently sharpened, looked at the strangers. They were frightened, but they did not have to worry for long. The old man grabbed thegoldsmith and with the greatest speed smoothly shaved off his beard and the hair fr om his head. Then the same thing happened to the tailor.Their fear disappeared when the old man patted them friendly on their shoulders as if he wanted to say that they had done well by letting it all happen without resis ting. With his finger he pointed toward a pile of coal that lay nearby, and indicated t o them through gestures that they should fill their pockets with it. They both obeyed, although they did not know of what use the coal would be to them. Then they wen t on their way to seek out a place to spend the night.They had just arrived in the valley when the bell from a neighboring monastery s truck twelve. The singing ceased instantly. Everyone disappeared, and the hill lay in lo nely moonlight.The two wanderers found shelter. Lying on beds of straw, they covered themselve s with their jackets. They were so tired that they forgot to take the coal out of their pockets first.They were awakened earlier than normal by a heavy weight pressing down on th eir limbs. They reached into their pockets, and could hardly believe their eyes when t hey saw that they were not filled with coal, but with pure gold. Further, their hair an d their beards had also been fully restored.Now they were rich. However, the goldsmith had twice as much as the tailor, bec ause ——true to his greedy nature ——he had filled his pockets better. However m uch a greedy person has, he always wants more, so the goldsmith proposed to the tailor that they stay there another day in order to be able to gain even more wealth f rom the old man on the mountain that evening.The tailor did not want to do this, and said: "I have enough and am satisfied. I a m going to become a master, marry my pleasant object (as he called his sweetheart), and be a happy man."However, to please the goldsmith, he agreed to stay one more day. That evening the goldsmith hung several pockets over his shoulders in order to be able to carry e verything, and set off for the hill.As had happened the night before, he found the little people dancing and singin g. The old man shaved him smooth once again, and indicated that he should take so me coal. Without hesitating he packed away as much as his pockets would hold, and then happily returned home. Covering himself with his jacket he said: "I can bear it, if the gold presses down on me." With the sweet premonition that he would awaken tomorrow as a very rich man, he fell asleep.When he opened his eyes, he got up quickly in order to examine his pockets. Ho w astounded he was, that he pulled out nothing but black coal, however often he re ached inside. "Anyway, I still have the gold from the night before," he thought, and r eached for it. Horrified, he saw that it too had turned back into coal. He struck hims elf on the forehead with his grimy hand, and felt that his entire head was as bald an d smooth as his beardless chin.Nor was that the end of his misfortune. Only now did he notice that in addition the hump on his back, a second one, of the same size, had grown onto his chest. N ow he recognized the punishment for his greed and began to cry aloud.The good tailor, who had been awakened by all this, consoled the unhappy man as best he could, saying: "You were my traveling companion, and you can stay with me now and live from my treasure."He kept his word, but the poor goldsmith had to bear two humps and cover his bald head with a cap as long as he lived.一个裁缝和一个金匠一起外出旅行。

探索发现寒窗心语美文欣赏Clever Coyote 1聪明的郊狼Once upon a time,a long ago,a horrible monster stole all the buffalo 2from the plains 3and put them in his mountain hideout.“There,”beamed 4the monster.“I have enough food to last forever.”A coyote called all the people and all the animals together in a great meeting to find out what they could do.No one had an idea.They were too afraid of the monster to think at all.“I scouted 5the monster,”Coyote spoke up.“He lives with a very small boy.”“We cannot hurt a child,”said one of the people.“Not even to get back our buffalo.”“That is understood,”Coyote nodded.“But I was thinking...a small boy must be very lonely with no one to love except a horrible monster.I think we should give him a pet.When the chance arises,the pet we send can set the buffalo free.”很久很久以前，一个可怕的怪物偷走了平原上所有的水牛，并把他们放在了他的山中藏身处。

英语故事大全翻译双语阅读英语小故事英语故事大全翻译双语阅读英语故事大全翻译双语阅读The hares and the frogs 野兔和青蛙The hares once gathered together and lamented the unhappiness of their lot, exposed as they were to dangers on all sides and lacking the strength and the courage to hold their own. Men, dogs, birds and beasts of prey were all their enemies, and killed and devoured them daily: and sooner than endure such persecution any longer, they one and all determined to end their miserable lives. Thus resolved and desperate, they rushed in a body towards a neighbouring pool, intending to drown themselves. On the bank were sitting a number of frogs, who, when they heard the noise of the hares as they ran, with one accord leaped into the water and hid themselves in the depths. Then one of the older hares who was wiser than the rest cried out to his companions, “Stop, my friends, take heart;don“t let us destroy ourselves after all: see, here are creatures who are afraid of us, and who must, therefore, be still more timid than ourselves." 有一次，众多野兔聚集在一起，哀悼自己的不幸命运，方方面面都遭遇危险，而他们却缺乏勇气和力量去掌握自己的命运。