定语从句

定语从句

1. 基本知识精讲

在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词.用来引导定语从句的词叫关系词（分为关系代词和关系副词）。定语从句一般放在先行词之后.如：

This is the engineer who will give us a talk on science。

先行词 关系词 定 语

从 句

一、由关系代词引导的定语从句

英语中的关系代词有who, whom, whose， which， that 和as.它们的用法如下：

1. who，whom的用法

who 和 whom 指人，在从句中分别作主语、宾语。作动词宾语时常被省掉。在口语中可用who代替whom。

The young worker who invented this tool is her brother.

This is the boy （whom) I helped。

2。 which的用法

which指物,在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语是在非正式语体中可以省略.如:

The factory which produces these cars is very large.

This is the book （which) you want.

3。 whose 的用法

whose指人或物，在从句中作定语，不可省略。Whose有时可用of which替换。如：

Do you live in the room whose window opens to the west？

This is the student whose pronunciation is the best in our class。

4。 that的用法

that既可指人，也可指物，在从句中作主语或宾语.作宾语时，在非正式语体中常省略。如:

There were once six blind men that/ who lived in a village in India。

高三语法复习之七------定语从句

编号：NO.7 编制人： 审核人

定语从句（相当于形容词）

句子作定语，由关系代词和关系副词引导，被修饰部分叫先行词。

一、分类：限制性与非限制性：

限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，而非限制性定语从句只是附加说明，如果去掉主句意思仍然清楚。非限制性定语从句用逗号与主句隔开。

I have been married to the man whom you met at my home last night. 限制性定语从句

I have been married to a man, whom you met at my home last night. 非限制性定语从句

二．考点清单：

1、关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose,在句子中做主语或宾语， 作宾语时可省略。

1）、that, 指人或物：Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there?

The finger（that）I put into my mouth was not the one（that）I had dipped into the cup.

2）、which, 指物：A chest’s shop is a shop which sells medicine. （做主语）

The film（which）we saw last night was wonderful. （宾语）

3)、 who, whom, whose, 指人，分别做主语、宾语和定语：

The comrade who visited our class yesterday is our new headmaster.

1 1. Mr。 Smith is a teacher。 He is very strict.

2. The girl is called Mary. I saw her yesterday。

3. There are two other sharks. They are fierce.

4. This is the factory. I visited it last year。

5. This is the most exciting moment。 I will never forget it。

6. I have found such books. They are beneficial to us。

7. I bought the same dress. You wore the dress yesterday。

8. He is such a kind teacher. We all like him。

9. The house is Tom’s。 Its door faces south。

10. The house is Tom's。 The door of the house faces south.

11. Workers built shelters for the survivors。 Their homes had been destroyed。

12. Workers built shelters for the survivors. The homes of them had been destroyed。

13. Tom has a gold watch。 Its hands are made of diamond.

14. He has two sons, and both of them are teachers.

15. There are many old buildings, and many of them have been pulled down。

定语从句

主讲：黄冈中学英语高级教师 范琼

一、考点解读

定语从句在初中阶段要求掌握的内容以前不是很多，在以前的教材中，定语从句只是作一些简单的介绍，但现在 的新教材中出现的内容较多，而且在中考中的阅读理解、完型填空、汉译英和作文中通常出现含有定语从句的句子，因此我们对于定语从句应该有一个较全面的了 解，为在中考中考出高分数打好基础。

我们主要复习如下内容：

1．先行词与关系词

2．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

3．关系代词的用法

4．关系副词的用法

5．定语从句需注意的事项

6．初中阶段学习定语从句的要点

二、专题梳理

（一）什么是定语从句

定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语等来充当，也可以由一个句子来充当。充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词，故又称为形容词性从句。

定语从句用来修饰名词、代词或整个主句。

e.g.Tom is a hardworking student who always gets first in his class.

汤姆是一个用功的学生，他在班里总是第一名。（修饰名词student。）

Football is played over 80 countries, which makes it popular.

80多个国家都在踢足球，因此足球很流行。

（修饰整个主句Football is played over 80 countries。）

（二）先行词与关系词

1．什么是先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。可以这样理解，之所以称它为先行词，是因为先行词总是出现在定语从句之前，而不同于普通形容词修饰名词，形容词常位于名词之前。

e.g.Don’t forget the book that I told you to bring.

别忘了我让你带的书。（the book为先行词。）