审计英语1
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审计英语(1)
前 言
背景介绍
中国注册会计师协会决定在今年的中国注册会计师资格考试会计科、审计科加试10分英语试题,并将该成绩纳入最后考试的总成绩,也即110分的试卷60分及格。该安排看似突然,实际上代表了一个趋势,就是要全面提升中国注册会计师的语言水平,进而达到中西合璧,融会贯通;取长补短,为我所用的目的。
针对此变化,广大考生应该做到:稳定情绪 调整心态 振奋精神 悉心备考
该考试变化对广大考生的参考地位并未产生实质性的不利影响。
应该充满自信,立足自己!不要出现急躁、不安情绪!
积极应对!从积极方面来看待这个趋势和变化!
考试题型预测
目前获得的关于这10分英语考试最新的信息为:
一道题
主观题
专业题
分析:
正是针对此次考试“三题”的特点,我们预测此次考试的极有可能的题型如下: 1.名词解释
2.简答题
3.翻译(英汉互译)
4.案例分析
辅导大体安排
TIME SCHEDULE MEMO
2-2.5hrs 题型分析 对每类题型结合具体实例进行说明,并讲解答题技巧
2-2.5hrs 考点预测 结合题型对可能考查内容进行预测讲解
该项英语考试对书面表达的要求在英语四级水平。
该项考前紧急冲刺辅导时间紧,任务重,不是零起点辅导,需要有一定的英语基础。
考试题型
极有可能的题型如下:
案例分析
名词解释 简答题 翻译
案例分析是在名词解释、简答题和翻译基础上构建起来的,是这三种题型的综合,因此,在分别介绍各种题型后,将着重研读案例分析这一题型及应对策略和答题技巧。
目前西方审计理论与实务,通常是基于风险的,或者说是以风险为导向的审计(RISK-ORIENTED AUDIT APPROACH),因此审计这门课程讲述的内容,特别是在实施新的审计准则体系后,大体上与西方的审计教材内容相同。这就意味着审计科英语出题的可选择面比较广。
By amount
By nature
Firm→services
(Accountant) auditor
Opening balance
Going concern
对于审计科英语考试,主要从以下方面来准备:
AUDIT TERMS
AUDIT PROCESS (Comprehensive)
AUDIT REPORT
ISA
一、名词解释
EXAMPLE:
Letter of Engagement (审计业务约定书, 教材P115)
Solution:
The Letter of engagement is a letter sent by the auditor (or accountants)
to their client at the beginning of any new audit (or accountancy work). It
sets out the terms of the engagement, forms the basis of the contract and aims
to avoid any misunderstandings between the client and the auditors as to what
the audit (or accountancy work) involves.
审计业务约定书是在审计业务开始前,会计师事务所与被审计单位签订的,用以记录和确认审计业务的条款内容,形成合同的基础,以避免双方对审计业务的理解产生分歧。
letter of Engagement
Audit
Audit-related service
二、简答题
Explain the purpose of a management representation letter
解释管理层声明的目的.
Solution:
Management representations are a form of audit evidence. They are contained in a letter, written by the company’s directors and sent to the
auditor, just prior to the completion of audit work and before the audit report
is signed.
管理层声明也是审计证据的一种形式.该声明由管理层以书面形式做出,在审计工作完成和审计报告出具前交与注册会计师.
Representations are required for two reasons:
Firstly, so the directors can acknowledge their collective responsibility
for the preparation of the financial statements and to confirm that they have
approved those statements.
Secondly, to confirm any matters, which are material to the financial
statements where representations are crucial to obtaining sufficient and
appropriate audit evidence.
因以下两种原因需管理层提交声明:
首先,明确管理层对财务报表的责任并确认其已批准了该财务报表.其次,就对财务报表具有重大影响的事项进行确认.
In the latter situation, other forms of audit evidence are normally
unavailable because knowledge of the facts is confined to management and
the matter is one of judgment or opinion.
在后者情况下,其他审计证据通常无法获得,这是因为相关的情况仅限于管理层知晓并由管理层自身做出判断.
Obtaining representations does not mean that other evidence does not
have to be obtained. Audit evidence will still be collected and the representation will support that evidence. Any contradiction between sources
of evidence should, as always, be investigated.
获得管理层声明并不意味着无需其他证据.声明应与收集到的其他审计证据相一致;如存在矛盾,则应深入调查.
三、翻译(英汉互译)
A. 英译汉
Audit assurance
Normally, an unqualified auditors’ report implies that the auditors believe
that the financial statements taken as a whole are not materially misstated as a
result of errors for fraud.
In forming our opinion, we have to be reasonably assured that the
financial statements are presented on a true and fair basis.
Audit assurance is accumulated from a combination of:
(1) The assessment of accounting systems and internal control
(2) Analytical review; and
(3) Substantive testing
The complement of our audit assurance is the risk that we may have
come to the wrong decision in respect of our audit opinion as it is impossible
for us to be fully confident that the accounts under review are free from
material errors. At the audit planning stage, therefore, a strategy should be
devised to combine the various sources of assurance so that audit risk is reduced to an acceptable level whilst any excessive work is avoided.
give true and fair view 公允披露
参考译文
审计保证
通常,一份无保留意见审计报告意味着审计人员相信从整体来看会计报表没有因错误或舞弊而导致重大的错报。
在形成我们的意见时,我们应当合理地确信,会计报表是在真实、公允的基础上表述的。
审计保证是以下几个方面累积起来而得出的:
(1)会计系统和内部控制的评价
(2)分析性复核
(3)实质性程序
我们的审计保证的补充是就我们的审计意见而言我们可能做出错误决定的风险,因为我们不可能完全确信经过复核的报表不存在重大错误。因此在审计计划阶段,应当设计一项策略,把各种保证的要素结合起来,这样审计风险可以减少到可接受的水平,同时也避免了过多的工作量。
B.汉译英
但无论我们选择何种审计方法,实质性程序都是其中很重要的一部分,它能保证我们获得相关和可靠的审计证据。实质性程序可以被分为交易测试和余额测试,通过这些测试可对包含在会计记录和会计报表中的会计信息的完整性、正确性及合法性提供审计证据。