Examples of Pedagogical Tasks
• • • • Listening to a tape and repeating.. Solving a problem in small groups. Role-play based on a picture story. Listening to a song while filling out the missing words on a worksheet. • Writing a paragraph describing what is happening in a picture
Definations of task
• Long (1985) defined a task as "… a piece of work undertaken for oneself or for others, freely or for some reward . . . [B]y 'task' is meant the hundred and one things people do in everyday life, at work, at play, and in between"
Pica, Kanagy, and Falodun (1993) • jigsaw tasks (拼插型任务) • decision-making tasks • opinion exchange tasks • information-gap tasks • problem-solving tasks
Two Types of Tasks • • Real-world tasks. Pedagogical tasks
Real-World Tasks