西方文化导论Unit
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西方文化导论
Western Culture: An Introduction（西方文化导论）Chapter 1 Culture in Ancient Greece （古希腊文化）1.Cradle of western civilization （西方文明的摇篮）---Ancient Greek“We are all Greeks.”------Percy Bysshe Shelley (珀西·比希·雪莱)When Shelley said “We are all Greeks”, he is expressing his buy-in（认同）to the then current belief that European culture could trace its roots back （追根溯源于）to the Greek ideals and customs. This would include everything: architecture, education, medicine, our basic myths and memes, government, etc.2.Phases of development )（发展阶段）Delphi 特尔斐(希腊古都)Three Ages:ca.3000-1200 BC, the Heroic Age（英雄时代）(ca. 1200-750 BC), the Greek City-State （希腊城邦）and the Persian Wars（波斯战争）(ca. 750-480 BC), the Golden Age （黄金时代）(Ca. 480-430 BC).Bronze Age Civilizations of the Aegean (ca. 3000-1200 BC):1.1Minoan[miˈnəuən] civilization 克里特文明flourished between 2000-1400 BC, when itseems to be absorbed or destroyed by the Mycenaeans.The most famous of the leg ends of Minoan culture is Minotaur [ˈmaɪnətɔ:(r)] 人身牛头怪/弥诺陶洛斯, a being “part man and part bull”.Where did the Renaissance start with the flowering of paintings, sculpture and architecture?In Florence 佛罗伦萨（意大利都市名）and Venice()意大利港市.1.2Mycenae[maiˈsi:ni:]迈锡尼/Mycenaean [maisiˈni:ən] culture (ca. 1600-1200).By 1600 BC, the Mycenaeans had established themselves in the Aegean（爱琴海）.Around 1200 BC, the Mycenaeans attacked Troy, a commercial stronghold on the northwest coast of Asia Minor小亚细亚半岛. The ten-year-long war between Mycenae and Troy would provide the historical context for the Iliad [ˈɪliəd] （伊利亚特）and the Odyssey [ˈɒdəsi]（奥赛德）. ------ Homer（荷马）, the blind Greek poetTrojan war (特洛伊战争)------ Penelope’s web 珀涅罗珀的织物；故意拖延的策略；永远做不完的工作1.2.1The Heroic Age (ca. 1200-750 BC): after 1200 BC, more powerful, iron-bearing tribes of Dorians (多利亚人约于前1200-1000年间从巴尔干半岛北部迁入希腊，后来建立了斯巴达（Sparta）、科林斯（Corinth）、阿尔戈斯（Argos）等城邦，更多时候是作为入侵者和征服者被看待，荷马认为其野蛮黑暗), a Greek-speaking people from the north, destroyed Mycenaean civilization.Peloponnesian Wars 伯罗奔尼撒战争(431-404 BC)between Athens(雅典) and Sparta(斯巴达)；Years of internal wars weakened the once powerful Greek city-states of Sparta, Athens, Thebes（底比斯）, and Corinth（科林斯）. Philip II of Macedonia （马其顿）(northern Greece) rose to power and, in 338 BC, he rode south and conquered the cities of Thebes and Athens, uniting most of Greece under his rule. Upon Philip II ‘s death, his son, Alexander the Great（亚历山大大帝）, took control and proceeded to conquer all of the lands between Greece and India including Egypt.After the death of Alexander in 323 BC, Macedonia was defeated by Roma（罗马）at the Battleof Cynoscephalae（基诺斯山战役）in 197 BC and then again at the Battle of Pydna（皮德纳战役）in 168 BC. The Greeks were finally defeated at the Battle of Corinth in 146 BC. Rome completely destroyed and plundered（掠夺）the city of Corinth as an example to other Greek cities.1.2.2The Greek City-State and the Persian Wars (ca. 750-480 BC)In 490 BC, Battle of Marathon 马拉松战役In 480 BC, Battle of the Hot Gates and Battle of Salamis 萨拉米斯海战Persian Wars(希波战争): Herodotus 希罗多德(ca. 485-425 BC), the father of history 历史之父。
西方文化导论Unit1PPT精品文档
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice. (4) The Trojan War broke out at the end of ____.
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
A. the Heroic Age B. the Golden Age C. the Cretan Civilization D. the Mycenaean Civilization
(1) Draco (2) Cleisthenes (3) Peisistratus (4) Solon (5) Pericles
a. supreme council check the behavior of leaders
b. punish trivial crimes with the death sentence
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
_F_ (1) The play Oedipus at Colonus was written by Aristophanes. _F_ (2) Greek philosophy started with Aristotle. _T_ (3) The famous bronze sculpture of athletes, Discus Thrower,
Aristotle.
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice.
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
(5) The first Olympiad began in the ____ period of the Golden Age.
西方文化导论Unit5
(1) The early medieval literature was represented by _p_o_e_m_s_, particularly by _h_y_m_n_s_ expressing the intense religious feelings of love of God.
A. the modern era
B. the Middle Ages
C. the new period
D. the Renaissance
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice.
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
(2) The barbarous tribes included Celts, Germans and _______.
Get Started
Text Study
Supplementary Resources
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice.
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
(1) After the last Roman emperor was overthrown by the German mercenary troops, the European civilization moved into _____.
of the latter’s strong influence on the barbarous tribes.
_F_ (2) Edda is a collection of Germanic myths which provides the
西方文化导论Unit.pptx
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_F_ Press de France Nouvelle.
5. Jazz was initially influenced by two kinds of Negro music: ragtime and blues.
_T_
第8页/共10页
Text Study
Text Study _4_3333 Comprehension Exercises
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice.
(1) Impressionism got its name from ________famous painting Impression: Sunrise.
A. Pissarro’s B. Monet’s C. van Gogh’s D. Paul Gauguin’s
Hofmann, who benefited from the movements like cubism,
_fa_u_v_i_s_m_ and expressionism.
3. Action painting is a branch of a_b_s_t_ra_c_t_e_x_p_r_e_s_s_io_n_is_m__ .
Comprehension Exercises
Fill in the blanks.
1. _N_e_w__Y_o_rk__ became a new centre of world art during and after
the WWII, taking over from Paris.
2. One of the representative of abstract expressionism is Hans
_F_ Press de France Nouvelle.
5. Jazz was initially influenced by two kinds of Negro music: ragtime and blues.
_T_
第8页/共10页
Text Study
Text Study _4_3333 Comprehension Exercises
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice.
(1) Impressionism got its name from ________famous painting Impression: Sunrise.
A. Pissarro’s B. Monet’s C. van Gogh’s D. Paul Gauguin’s
Hofmann, who benefited from the movements like cubism,
_fa_u_v_i_s_m_ and expressionism.
3. Action painting is a branch of a_b_s_t_ra_c_t_e_x_p_r_e_s_s_io_n_is_m__ .
Comprehension Exercises
Fill in the blanks.
1. _N_e_w__Y_o_rk__ became a new centre of world art during and after
the WWII, taking over from Paris.
2. One of the representative of abstract expressionism is Hans
Unit10西方文化导论课件
Unit10西方文化导论
Get Started
In a way the change of the cultural and intellectual climate in this period had something to do with romanticism and cultural trend of the time. More radical modes of creation appeared, first in poetry and then spread to other forms of writing and art. They were more rebellious, more radical, more opposed to tradition and social reality and more concerned with their own forms of subjective representation. Such a changed approach moved eventually into modernism.
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Modernism was born at the turn of the 20th century and swept many countries. Many social and psychological problems found expression in cultural and literary form, thus representing the real mood and emotion of the ordinary people in the West who were torn by countless troubles arising out of the social, political and cultural contradictions and clashes.
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In a way the change of the cultural and intellectual climate in this period had something to do with romanticism and cultural trend of the time. More radical modes of creation appeared, first in poetry and then spread to other forms of writing and art. They were more rebellious, more radical, more opposed to tradition and social reality and more concerned with their own forms of subjective representation. Such a changed approach moved eventually into modernism.
Get Started
Modernism was born at the turn of the 20th century and swept many countries. Many social and psychological problems found expression in cultural and literary form, thus representing the real mood and emotion of the ordinary people in the West who were torn by countless troubles arising out of the social, political and cultural contradictions and clashes.
Unit8 西方文化导论
Main Ideas
Text Study
Romanticism was a reaction against the Enlightenment and against the 18th-century rationalism and materialism in general. It began as early as Rousseau. He held that human natural feelings pointed to the right direction while reason would lead man astray. Under Rousseau’s influence, romanticism became discernible first in France, and its substantial achievements were made in Germany and England.
The 18th-century Enlightenment firmly established the rational capacity of the Europeans. But by the end of the century and into the early part of the 19th century, people began to realize that man is an emotional and organic individual. Therefore, the man of reason became the new man
Generally realism is based on the mode of reproducing reality, while romanticism focuses on emotion and nature and ontological naturalism refers more to reality being limited to the observable world.
西方文化导论Unit2 题
批注本地保存成功开通会员云端永久保存去开通
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice. (1) Ancient Roman culture is the culture from the formation of ____ to the end of the Roman Empire, which had lasted about 1200 years throughout. A. Roman Republic B. Byzantium C. Pax Romana D. Seven Hill Ally
A. Caesar
B. Octavian
C. Remus
D. Pompey
Text Study
Comprehension ExercisesCompr来自hension Exercises
Multiple choice. (4) The First Triumvirate consisted of ____.
B. Caesar and Remus C. Romulus and Remus D. Romulus and Octavian
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice. (3) ____was the first emperor in Roman Empire from 27 BC to 14 AD.
A. Julius Caesar, Mark Antony, Sulla
B. Pompey, Crassus, Cleopatra
Unit2 西方文化导论
Decline: In 33 AD, Roman Empire was divided into two parts.
End: In 476, West Rome was defeated by German troops and came to an end.
Interpretation of Cultural Terms
Interpretation of Cultural Terms
Text Study
Lucius Tarquinius Superbus 卢修斯•塔克文•苏佩 布(？– 496 BC): Superbus was the 7th emperor of the Roman Kingdom Etruscan，ruling from 535 BC to
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1. A General Introduction 2. Focus In
Get Started
Get Started
Get Started
Ancient Rome, once the largest empire in the world, was originated from some villages located on the Apennine Peninsula along the Mediterranean Sea in the 10th century BC. In 509 BC, Augustus built a republic country of Rome. During the 4th century BC, Rome unified Italy by military conquest, and after years of wars, it conquered Carthage, Greece, Macedon, etc. and built up a vast Roman Empire with a territory stretching across three continents. During this period, Rome succeedingly experienced the rule of Sulla Felix, the first Triumvirate, and the second Triumvirate. In 27 BC, Octavian called himself “Augustus” and held together in his own grasp all the military, administrative, judicial and religious powers, becoming the Emperor of Roman Empire. In the two
西方文化导论Unit5课件
习题二及答案
• 习题二： 分析中世纪欧洲文化的特点。
习题二及答案
答案： 中世纪欧洲文化的特点主要表现为宗教、封建主义和神秘主义等。
宗教在当时占据了主导地位，教会成为社会文化的核心力量。
习题二及答案
封建主义体制下，社会等级森 严，政治权力分散。
神秘主义则体现在人们对自然 和超自然力量的敬畏和崇拜上。
利用多媒体资源如视频、 图片等辅助学习，提高 学习效果。
与同学一起讨论学习内 容，互相交流心得，有 助于拓宽思路和加深理解。
04
西方文化Unit5后
习题一及答案
• 习题一： 简述古希腊文化对西方文化的影响。
习题一及答案
答案：
古希腊文化对西方文化的影响深远，主要体现在哲学、艺术、政治和科学等方面。
悲剧等作品，以及其思想家们的哲学思想。
02
古罗马文化对西方文化的影响
古罗马文化作为西方文化的另一个重要源头，对西方法律、建筑、文学
等领域产生了重要影响。本单元重点介绍了古罗马文化中的法律制度、
建筑风格以及文学作品的特色和影响。
03
中世纪欧洲文化的发展
中世纪欧洲文化经历了从黑暗到文艺复兴的漫长过程，本单元重点介绍
哲学上，古希腊的苏格拉底、柏拉图和亚里士多德等哲学家奠定了西方哲学的基础， 他们的思想对后世产生了巨大的影响。
习题一及答案
艺术上，古希腊的建筑和雕塑风 格成为西方艺术的重要典范，其 美学观念对西方艺术的发展产生
了深远的影响。
政治上，古希腊的民主政治制度 为西方现代民主制度提供了借鉴
和启示。
科学上，古希腊的天文学、数学 和医学等学科的发展对西方科学 的发展起到了重要的推动作用。
了中世纪欧洲的文化背景、主要文学流派及其代表作品，以及中世纪文
西方文化导论Unit1
c. abolish slave labor d. carry out legislative reform e. advocate peasants' welfare and
populaLeabharlann entertainmentsComprehension Exercise
True of false question.
Aristotle.
Comprehension Exercises
Text Study
_F_ (1) The play Oedipus at Colonus was written by Aristophanes. _F_ (2) Greek philosophy started with Aristotle. _T_ (3) The famous bronze sculpture of athletes, Discus Thrower,
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice.
Comprehension Exercises
Text Study
(5) The first Olympiad began in the ____ period of the Golden Age.
A. archaic
B. central
A. the Neolithic Age B. the Bronze Age C. the Stone and Bronze Age D. the Old Stone Age
Comprehension Exercises
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice.
populaLeabharlann entertainmentsComprehension Exercise
True of false question.
Aristotle.
Comprehension Exercises
Text Study
_F_ (1) The play Oedipus at Colonus was written by Aristophanes. _F_ (2) Greek philosophy started with Aristotle. _T_ (3) The famous bronze sculpture of athletes, Discus Thrower,
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice.
Comprehension Exercises
Text Study
(5) The first Olympiad began in the ____ period of the Golden Age.
A. archaic
B. central
A. the Neolithic Age B. the Bronze Age C. the Stone and Bronze Age D. the Old Stone Age
Comprehension Exercises
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice.
西方文化导论Unit2 题
A. Julius Caesar, Mark Antony, Sulla
B. Pompey, Crassus, Cleopatra
C. Pompey, Crassus, Julius Caesar
D. Octavian, Brutus, Marius
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice. (5) Punic wars are a series of wars between Rome and ____.
A. Greek
B. Sicily
C. Spain D. Carthage
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
A. Caesar
B. Octavian
C. Remus
D. Pompey
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice. (4) The First Triumvirate consisted of ____.
Comprehension Exercises
True of false question. F (1) In ancient Rome, freed slaves could become Roman citizen __ without any restrictions on their legal rights. F (2) All free-born citizens could get married in Roman society. __ F (3) All Romans got their daily needs from war ravages and __ looting in other defeated countries or areas. T (4) In Roman society, women had more chances to do some __ social activities than those in the East. T (5) The Romans usually entertained at the risk of slaves’ lives. __
西方文化导论Unit51
periods.
_T_(5) In the German and Norse mythology, the gods are not
perfect. They represent different forces of the God,
struggling against the primeval giants.
A. the elder leader B. the military chief C. the wise man D. the nobleman
Comprehension Байду номын сангаасxercises
Multiple choice.
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
(4) The Carolingian Dynasty was expanded by_______.
Get Started
Text Study
Supplementary Resources
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice.
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
(1) After the last Roman emperor was overthrown by the German mercenary troops, the European civilization moved into _____.
_F_ (3) All the English names of the weekdays derive from the
Northern gods.
_T_(4) The legends in Charlemagne’s life and deeds were frequently referenced by many poets of the Renaissance and later
西方文化导论课件Unit
(1) Italy’s prosperous trade and production of handicraft, which furnished a material basis for cultural development
Main Ideas
Main Ideas
Text Study
(2) its rich variety of urban social life coinciding with the emergence of more cities where manufacturing and commercial activities called for the vigorous development of cultural life
中世纪（Middle Ages）（约公元476年~公元1453年），是欧洲历史
上的一个时代（主要是西欧），自西罗马帝国灭亡（公元476年）到 东罗马帝国灭亡（公元1453年）的这段时期。这个时期的欧洲没有一 个强有力的政权来统治。封建割据带来频繁的战争，造成科技和生产 力发展停滞，人民生活在毫无希望的痛苦中，所以中世纪或者中世纪 早期在欧美普遍被称作“黑暗时代”，传统上认为这是欧洲文明史上 发展比较缓慢的时期。
Interpretation of Cultural Terms
Interpretation of Cultural Terms
Text Study
monastic chapter 教会或修道院管理处: a Christian administrative office within the church
Main Ideas
Main Ideas
Text Study
Factors that contributed to the emergence of the Renaissance:
Unit8西方文化导论PPT课件
The 18th-century Enlightenment firmly established the rational capacity of the Europeans. But by the end of the century and into the early part of the 19th century, people began to realize that man is an emotional and organic individual. Therefore, the man of reason became the new man
Generally realism is based on the mode of reproducing reality, while romanticism focuses on emotion and nature and ontological naturalism refers more to reality being limited to the observable world.
Interpretation of Cultural Terms
Text Study
Johann Gottfried von Herder (1744 – 1803) 赫尔德：A German philosopher, poet, and literary critic. He is associated with the periods of Enlightenment, Sturm und Drang (“狂飙突进”运动), and Weimar Classicism(魏玛古典主义).
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of feeling. By the 1830s and 1840s, the Romantic Movement began to wane, while the trend towards realism started to rise. Realism in fact, as a reaction to romanticism, shared and maintained its focus upon the freedom of the artistic mind. But compared with romanticism, realism puts more value upon the mind and observations of the outside world. Realism emphasizes the truthful and objective representation of reality. In literature, prose fiction, especially the novel, becomes its most often employed means to achieve the goal. Naturalism is the further development of realism in the sense that a naturalistic representation tends more to expose the essence of the object by means of inherent social and environmental factors. Realism preceded impressionism in the 19th century and survived into the 20th century, notably as the social realism of left-wing movements in art and literature.
Generally realism is based on the mode of reproducing reality, while romanticism focuses on emotion and nature and ontological naturalism refers more to reality being limited to the observable world.
Interpretation of Cultural Terms
Text Study
Johann Gottfried von Herder (1744 – 1803) 赫尔德：A German philosopher, poet, and literary critic. He is associated with the periods of Enlightenment, Sturm und Drang (“狂飙突进”运动), and Weimar Classicism(魏玛古典主义).
Get Started
of feeling. By the 1830s and 1840s, the Romantic Movement began to wane, while the trend towards realism started to rise. Realism in fact, as a reaction to romanticism, shared and maintained its focus upon the freedom of the artistic mind. But compared with romanticism, realism puts more value upon the mind and observations of the outside world. Realism emphasizes the truthful and objective representation of reality. In literature, prose fiction, especially the novel, becomes its most often employed means to achieve the goal. Naturalism is the further development of realism in the sense that a naturalistic representation tends more to expose the essence of the object by means of inherent social and environmental factors. Realism preceded impressionism in the 19th century and survived into the 20th century, notably as the social realism of left-wing movements in art and literature.
西方文化导论Unit7
economic and military achievements due to the measures and reforms taken by _L_o_u_is__X_I_V_. (3) In _1_8_th_ century, France lost its initial domination at the sea to England. (4) The Enlightenment was influenced by British _e_m_p_i_ri_c_is_m__ and dissemination of _sc_i_e_n_ti_f_ic_k_n_o_w__le_d_g_e_. (5) With the worsening situation of France in 18th century, more and more people, led by newly emerging _B_o_u_r_g_e_o_is_ie_, strongly demanded for political reforms.
Comprehension Exercise
Multiple choice.
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
(4) Rousseau is famous for his idea of _________. A. the divine right of the king
Comprehension Exercise
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice.
(2) The French Declaration of Human Rights and the American Declaration of Independence owed much of their sources and inspiration to _________Spirit of Laws(1748).
Comprehension Exercise
Multiple choice.
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
(4) Rousseau is famous for his idea of _________. A. the divine right of the king
Comprehension Exercise
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice.
(2) The French Declaration of Human Rights and the American Declaration of Independence owed much of their sources and inspiration to _________Spirit of Laws(1748).
西方文化导论Unit课件
B. In 1054 BC
C. In 1055
D. In 380
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice.
Text
Comprehensio n Exercises
Stud y
(2) In 451 AD, the archbishop of Roman Church, ____________, made himself Pope.
Text Stud y
Comprehension Exercises
Fill in the blanks.
Text
Comprehensio n Exercises
Stud y
(1) Owing to the repeated conquests of Jerusalem by various aggres_A_sl_oe_rx_sa_,_nl_idk_e__r_t_h_e__G_ reat _t_h_e__R_o__m__anasnd , the Jews suffered a great deal from the violent suppression and the final loss of their homeland.
A. Lutheran Church
B. Anglicanism
C. Presbyterian
D. Free Churches
Comprehension Exercise
Fill in the blanks.
Text
Comprehensio n Exercises
Stud y
(1) The New Testament contains altog_2_e7_ther
西方文化导论Unit5
Get Started
Text Study
Supplementary Resources
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice. (1) After the last Roman emperor was overthrown by the German mercenary troops, the European civilization moved into _____.
C. the wise man
D. the nobleman
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice. (4) The Carolingian Dynasty was expanded by____mprehension Exercises
Comprehension Exercises
Fill in the blanks. poems , (1) The early medieval literature was represented by ______ hymns expressing the intense religious particularly by ______ feelings of love of God. (2) The artistic achievements of the Medieval Ages mostly related religion , since it was the focal point in people’s lives and to _______ church was the principal promoter of artistic work. the ______ (3) Construction of major buildings during the Middle Ages, consisted mainly of large numbers of churches, generally in Romanesque and Gothic _____ styles. ___________
Text Study
Supplementary Resources
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice. (1) After the last Roman emperor was overthrown by the German mercenary troops, the European civilization moved into _____.
C. the wise man
D. the nobleman
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice. (4) The Carolingian Dynasty was expanded by____mprehension Exercises
Comprehension Exercises
Fill in the blanks. poems , (1) The early medieval literature was represented by ______ hymns expressing the intense religious particularly by ______ feelings of love of God. (2) The artistic achievements of the Medieval Ages mostly related religion , since it was the focal point in people’s lives and to _______ church was the principal promoter of artistic work. the ______ (3) Construction of major buildings during the Middle Ages, consisted mainly of large numbers of churches, generally in Romanesque and Gothic _____ styles. ___________
西方文化导论Unit4
Comprehension Exercises
Fill in the blanks.
(4) _T_h_e_M__a_s_s is a formal rite, ceremony or service of religious worship.
(5) _E_x_c_o_m__m_u_n_i_c_at_i_o_n means a Christian is partly or completely expelled from the church, usually with the loss of his citizenship.
(3) _P_u_rg_a_t_o_r_y is a state or place of temporary punishment for the removal of sins not possible in any other ways.
Comprehension Exercise
Text Study
Interpretation of Cultural Terms
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
Fill in the blanks.
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
(1) Owing to the repeated conquests of Jerusalem by various aggressors, like _A_l_e_x_a_n_d_e_r _th_e__G_r_e_a_t and _th_e__R_o_m__a_n_s , the Jews suffered a great deal from the violent suppression and the final loss of their homeland.
Fill in the blanks.
(4) _T_h_e_M__a_s_s is a formal rite, ceremony or service of religious worship.
(5) _E_x_c_o_m__m_u_n_i_c_at_i_o_n means a Christian is partly or completely expelled from the church, usually with the loss of his citizenship.
(3) _P_u_rg_a_t_o_r_y is a state or place of temporary punishment for the removal of sins not possible in any other ways.
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Interpretation of Cultural Terms
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Comprehension Exercises
Fill in the blanks.
Text Study
Comprehension Exercises
(1) Owing to the repeated conquests of Jerusalem by various aggressors, like _A_l_e_x_a_n_d_e_r _th_e__G_r_e_a_t and _th_e__R_o_m__a_n_s , the Jews suffered a great deal from the violent suppression and the final loss of their homeland.
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5. _P_o_p_a_r_t_ intends to set up a style of impersonality by employing the imagery of commercialized art or other art forms of the mass media.
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Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice.
(1) Impressionism got its name from ________famous painting Impression: Sunrise.
A. Pissarro’s B. Monet’s C. van Gogh’s D. Paul Gauguin’s
_T_ 5. Jazz was initially influenced by two kinds of Negro music: ragtime and blues.
Comprehension Exercises
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Comprehension Exercises
Fill in the blanks.
_T_ 3. The role of TV is an important link between the individual
and the public or social side of life.
_F_ 4. The major four Western agencies are: Associated Press, BBC, Reuters and Press de France Nouvelle.
_fa_u_v_i_s_m_ and expressionism.
3. Action painting is a branch of a_b_s_t_ra_c_t_e_x_p_r_e_ss_i_o_n_is_m__.
4. _M__in_i_m_a_l_a_r_t is an art form which purports to pursue a completely pure and perfect quality of art by reducing its art creation to its mere natural attributes.
nsion Exercises
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Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice. 2. __________is called “the father of the modern painting”.
A. Paul Gauguin B. Paul Cezanne C. van Gogh D. Degas
Comprehension Exercises
True or false questions.
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Comprehension Exercises
_F_1. The end of the two world wars brought real sense of security and stability to the West.
A. Performance art
B. Impressionism
C. Photo-realism
D. Futurism
Comprehension Exercises
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Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice.
4. Which of the following artists does not belong to the school of Impressionism in painting?
A. Arnold Schoenberg. B. Igor Stravinsky. C. Claude Debussy. D. Paul Hindemith.
Comprehension Exercises
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Comprehension Exercises
True or false questions.
_F_ 5. In the post-war period, Protestantism has become more open and more popular to the public, while Catholicism has stuck
to conventions.
Comprehension Exercises
_T_ 3. Postmodernism is both an reaction against modernism and a successor to modernism.
_T_ 4. Existentialism had widespread dissemination and acclaim after WWII.
A. Manet. B. Monet. C. Cezanne. D. Piccasso.
Comprehension Exercises
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Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice.
5. Who initiated the ideals of the expressionist movement in modern music?
1. _N_e_w__Y_o_r_k_ became a new centre of world art during and after the WWII, taking over from Paris.
2. One of the representative of abstract expressionism is Hans Hofmann, who benefited from the movements like cubism,
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Interpretation of Cultural Terms
Interpretation of Cultural Terms
Text Study
performance art 行为艺术: A term referring to a kind of usually avant-garde or conceptual art which grew out of the visual arts and began to be identified in the 1960s. Performance art is unconventional and often challenges the audience to think in new and unconventional ways.
_T_ 1. Cinema has greatly changed the ways of living in the West since its invention by Thomas Edison in 1894.
_F_ 2. Hollywood consolidated and expanded its position by producing more popular films after the 1970s, which was called its “Golden Age”.
_T_ 2. In the midst of the 1950s and 1960s, Western society was on the threshold of drastic transformation from the phase of postwar recovery to an industrial and commercial boom.
Comprehension Exercises
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Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice.
3. _________refers to a kind of usually avant-garde or conceptual art as early as in the 1960s, which often challenges the audience to think in new and unconventional ways.