公共英语一级的重点短语
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公共英语一级的重点短语
1. 人称代词
主格： I we you she he it they
宾格： me us you her him it them
形容词性物主代词：my our your her his its their
名词性物主代词： mine ours yours hers his its theirs
2.形容词和副词的比较级
(1) 一般在形容词或副词后+er
older taller longer stronger, etc
(2) 多音节词前+more
more interesting, etc.
(3) 双写最后一个字母，再+er
bigger fatter, etc.
(4) 把y变i，再+er
heavier, earlier
(5) 不规则变化：
well-better, much/many-more, etc.
3.可数词的复数形式
Most nouns + s a book –books
Nouns ending in a consonant +y - y+ ies a story—stories
Nouns ending in s, sh, ch or x + es a glass—glasses a watch-watches
Nouns ending in o +s or +es a piano—pianos a mango—mangoes
Nouns ending in f or fe - f or fe +ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves
4.不可数名词(单复数形式不变)
bread, rice, water ,juice etc.
5. 缩略形式
I’m = I am you’re = you are she’s = she is he’s = he is
it’s = it is who’s =who is can’t =can not isn’t=is not etc
6. a/an
a book, a peach
an egg an hour
7. Preposition:
on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind.
表示时间： at six o’clock, at Christmas, at breakfast
on Monday on 15th July On National Day
in the evening in December in winter
8. 基数词和序数词
one – first two-second twenty-twentieth
9. Some /any
I have some toys in my bedroom.
Do you have any brothers or sisters?
10. be 动词
(1) Basic form: am/are/is
(2) 肯定和否定句 I am(not) from London.
My eyes are(not) small.
My hair is(not) long.
（3）一般疑问句： Am I a Chniese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
11. there be 结构
肯定句： There is a …
There are …
一般疑问句:Is there …? Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t.
Are there…? Yes, there are. /No, there aren’t.
否定句： There isn’t …. There aren’t….
12. 祈使句
Sit down please
Don’t sit down, please.
13. 现在进行时.通常用“now”.
形式： be + verb +ing
eg: I am(not) doing my homework.
You/We/They are(not) reading.
He/She/It is(not) eating.
动词 —ing 的形式
Most verbs +ing walk—walking
Verbs ending in e -e + ing come—coming
Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant run –running swim—swimming
14 一般现在时。通常用 “usually, often, every day, sometimes”。
形式：
肯定句：
I go to school on foot every day.
She goes to school on foot every day.
在英语里的词性有如下这些：
1，名词，Nouns (n.) 表示人或事物的名称 box, pen,tree,apple
2，代词，Pronouns (pron.)代替名词、数词、形容词We, this, them,myself
3，形容词， Adjectives(adj.) 用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征 good, sad,
high, short
4，数词，Numerals(num.)表示数目或顺序 one,two, first
5，动词，Verb (v.) 表示动作或状态 Jump,sing,visit
6，副词，Adverbs（adv.) 修饰动、形、副等词，表示动作特征
there,widely,suddenly
7，冠词，Articles (art.) 用在名词前，帮助说明名词所指的范围 a, an, the
8，介词，Prepositions (prep.) 用在名词或代词前，说明它与别的词的关系
in,on,down,up
9，连词，Conjunctions (conj.) 表示人或事物的名称if,because,but
10，感叹词， Interjections (int.) 代替名词、数词、形容词等 oh,hello,hi,yeah
vt.是及物动词，vt.后必须跟宾语：sing a song
vi.是不及物动词，vi.后不直接带宾语或不带宾语:jump high
情态动词
情态动词，在英文中主要用来表示说话人的看法、态度等。它很接近中文里的能愿动词。从用法上来说，它有这样几个特点： 1）各个情态动词自身都有一定的词义。 2）情态动词不能在句中独立担当谓语。 3）情态动词在句中不受任何人称,性,数变化的影响。常见的情态动词如下：
can(could)
shall(should)/will(would)
may(might)
must
need
dare
ought(除这个是接to以外，以上各个词都是直接接动词原形)
1.主谓一致
1.1并列结构作主语时谓语用复数
例如：Reading and writing are very important. 读和写都是非常重要的。
[注意]： 当主语由and连接时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
例如：The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.钢铁工业对于我们的生活来说是非常重要的。
1.2主谓一致中的靠近原则
1）当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
例如：There is a pen， a knife and several books on the desk……桌上有笔、小刀和几本书。
2）当either… or… 与neither… nor， 连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。
例如：Either you or she is to go.要么是你走，要么是她走。
Neither I nor he is to blame.我和他都不应该受责备。
1.3谓语动词与前面的主语一致
当主语后面跟有with， together with， like， except， but， no less than， as
well as 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与最前面的主语一致。
例如：The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.老师和一些学生在参观工厂。
He as well as I wants to go boating.他和我都想去划船。
1.4谓语需用单数的情况
1） 代词each和由every， some， no， any等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有each， every， 谓语需用单数。
例如：Each of us has a tape-recorder.我们每个人都有一台录音机。
There is something wrong with my watch.我的表出问题了。
2） 当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。
