2020年高考英语全国卷语法填空详解

2020年全国一卷

China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the

far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) -

the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61

(touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on

the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. Because the

moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe,

China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63

it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of

the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it

has a lot of deep craters (环形山)， more so 65 the familiar near

side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard

Chang’e-4 66 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken

basin. ＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist

at Brown University, says, ＂because it 67 (mean) we have the

chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct)＂

Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69 ice and

other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70

(it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.

61.touched。看到动词要先确定是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。如果是谓语动词，要从时态、语态和主谓一致三方面考虑。如果是非谓语动词，则需要做进一步分析，确定用不定式、动名词还是分词。此处touch为谓语动词，根据last week

确定用过去时，且和主语主动the unmanned Chang’e-4 probe为主动关系，故填touched。

62. extremely。extreme为形容词，在语法填空中，形容词的考察主要有两方面:第一是考察其比较等级，第二是考察形容词变副词，所以需要瞻前顾后寻找线索词。本句主干为主系表结构，challenging是形容词，形容词前面应该用副词修饰，故填extremely。

63. where。语法填空中没有给出词汇的空要注意上下文线索。该句空前是一个完整句子，空spot的定语从句，连词在从句中做地点状语，故填where。

64.interest。空前面为of particular…,是一个介词短语，particular是形容词用在名词前修饰名词，a提示名词为单数可数名词，故此处填interest。

65.than。考查介词。句意：因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级more so可知，此处填介词than，表示“比……更”。故填than。

66.to find。如前所述，看到动词之后需要确定谓语非谓语，此处为非谓语动词，进一步分析做目的状语，所以用不定式to find。

67.means。考察谓语动词，一般现在时主动结构，主语为第三人称单数，故填means。

68.is constructed。考察谓语动词，一般现在时被动结构，主语为第三人称单数，故填is constructed。

69.how much。考察宾语从句连词，根据翻译确定此处表达“多少”，修饰不可数名词故用how much。

70.its。根据语义及语法判断，此处需要使用it的形容词性物主代词，故用its。

2020年全国二卷

Chinese New Year is a ___61___(celebrate) marking the end

of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why

decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ___62___ (carry) special

significance. They represent the earth ___63___ (come) back to

life and best wishes for new beginnings.

These are some of the most popular in many parts of the

country:

Oranges: Orange trees are more ___64___decoration; they

are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and

you see them many times ___65___ (decorate) with red

envelopes and messages of good fortune.

Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you

will see them often in their homes and office. ___66___(certain)

during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are

associated ___67___ health, abundance and a happy home.

They are easy ___68___ (care) for and make great presents.

Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The ___69___(beauty)

long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make

fantastic decorations. The plum trees are _____70_____ first to

flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the

promise of spring and a renewal of life.

61.考查名词。句意：中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始的节日。不定冠词a后接名词形式做表语。故填celebration。

62.考查主谓一致。句意：这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。这是一个表语从句，从句主语为动名词短语decorating with plants, fruits and

flowers，所以谓语动词用单数形式（动名词和动词不定式做主语时谓语动词都是单数哦）。故填carries。

63.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth coming back to life是represent的复合宾语哦。

64.考查固定搭配。句意：桔子树不仅仅是装饰品；more than不仅仅，不只是。故填than。思考：more than如果接形容词表示什么意思呢？比如more than happy。

65.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。考察see+宾语+宾补，即see sth（sb） done 结构。宾补和宾语构成被动关系。故填decorated。

66.考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。根据句子结构，设空处做状语，故用副词形式，修饰后面整个句子，故填Certainly。

67.考查短语。句意：竹类植物与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。be associated with与……相联系。故填with。

68.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词（difficult，easy，good，bad等） + to do”结构。故填to care。

69.考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，这是极好的装饰。修饰名词branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。

70.考查冠词。句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。固定句型the first（等序数词） to do，表示第一个做某事。故填the。

2020年全国三卷

In ancient China lived an artist 61.________ paintings were

almost lifelike. The artist's reputation had made him proud. One day

the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all

great artists to come and present their 62.________ (fine) work, so

that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would

63.___________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece

to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old

man told him to travel to the Li River - perhaps he could learn a little

from the greatest artist in the world.