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高考英语语法之主谓一致的用法总结主谓一致是指主语与谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
它是英语语法中的重要内容，正确使用主谓一致有助于提高语言表达的准确性和流畅性。
下面是主谓一致的用法总结。
1.单数主语搭配单数谓语：- 例如：He runs every morning.- 主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即动词加“-s”或者“-es”。
2.复数主语搭配复数谓语：- 例如：They run every morning.- 主语为复数时，谓语动词不加“-s”或者“-es”。
3.并列主语搭配复数谓语：- 例如：Tom and Jerry are good friends.- 并列主语由连词“and”连接时，谓语动词用复数形式。
4.具体时间表达式中的单数主语搭配复数谓语：- 例如：Three days is enough.-具体时间表达式中的单数主语搭配复数谓语，常以复数形式表示。
5.集体名词的单数形式搭配单数谓语，但根据语境决定单复数：6. 由"one of + 复数名词"引导的主语，谓语动词用复数形式：- 例如：One of the students have won scholarships. (学生中有人获得了奖学金。
）- 此处的one of the students表示“其中一位学生”，主语为复数，谓语动词用复数形式。
7.有些名词既可以作单数，又可以作复数，谓语动词根据意思决定单复数形式：- 例如：The news is interesting. (这个新闻很有趣。
）- 例如：The news are good. (这些消息很好。
）- 此处的news是一个例子，作为可数名词时，可以看作单数或复数，谓语动词根据意思决定单复数形式。
8. 在there be句型中- 例如：There is a cat on the table. (桌子上有一只猫。
）- 例如：There are two cats on the table. (桌子上有两只猫。
高考英语语法：主谓一致主谓一致是指句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上必须保持一致。
主谓一致一般遵循三个原则：语法一致(或叫形式一致)，意义一致或就近一致①.语法一致: 主谓在语法形式上一致, 即主语是单数形式, 谓语用单数, 主语是复数形式, 谓语用复数②.意义一致: 根据主语的内在涵义的单复数确定谓语的单复数③.就近一致: 一个句子中有两个或两个以上的主语,谓语和靠近它的那个主语保持人称和数的一致分述1.当主语是不定代词somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody, everything, nothing, something, anything等时, 谓语动词用第三人称单数a. Somebody is waiting for you outside.b. Nobody knows the answer.有些不定代词作主语时, 据意义确定谓语动词的单复数. 若不定代词所指为单数意义, 谓语用单数; 若不定代词所指为复数意义, 谓语用复数. 这类词有: all, some, any, more, most, half 等a. All are happy to hear the news.b. All that has to be done has been done.c. Most of the surface of the earth is covered by water.d. Half of the wood has been carried away.2.集体名词如: family, class, army, enemy,government, group, team等作主语时, 如果将其看作一个整体, 则谓语动词用单数, 若看成其中的成员(个体), 则谓语动词用复数a. My family is a happy one. / All my family are music lovers.b. Our class is the best in our school. / The whole class are having a discussion about the problem.集体名词people, cattle, police, youth等作主语时, 谓语动词常用复数a. The police are looking for the thief.b. Cattle are not allowed to graze here.3.代词none和neither作主语时, 谓语动词根据说话人的意思用单数或复数. 当说话人着眼于任何一个都不时, 谓语动词用单数; 当说话人着眼于全都不时, 谓语动词用复数a. None of them has a car. ( 他们没有一个人有汽车)b. None of them have a car. ( 他们都没有汽车)c. None of them knows the answer. ( 他们两个谁也不知道答案)d. None of them know the answer. ( 他们两个都不知道答案)4.bothand连接两个主语时, 谓语动词通常用复数. eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, notbut 连接两个主语时, 采取就近原则, 即谓语动词和靠近它的那个主语保持一致a. Both Tom and Jerry were late for school that day.b. Either you or he has dropped waste paper in the street.c. Neither he nor I have forgotten for pay for the drinks.5.在There be和Here be结构中, 句子的主语在be之后, 如果主语不止一个, 那么谓语动词be与邻近的主语一致a. There is a desk, a table, three chairs in the room.b. There are three chairs, a desk and a table in the room.c. Here are two letters and a magazine for you.6.如果主语后面跟有with, together with, along with, as well as, but, except, besi des, including, like, rather than, no less than, in addition to(除外)等引导的短语时, 谓语动词的形式只与主语有关, 而与其后的短语无关a. The teacher with three student s was in the classroom then.b. This book, as well as the other two books, is borrowed from our school library.c. None but Jim and Mike knows my secret.d. Seven people, including a policeman, were killed.7.表示时间, 长度, 距离, 金额, 价值, 重量, 容量等的复数名词作主语时, 通常作整体看待, 即表示总量或总和, 谓语动词用单数. 若把它们看作一个个的个体, 即强调其具体数量时, 谓语动词用复数形式a. Twenty years is a long time to us.b. Two hundred miles is not a long distance.c. Ten thousand US dollars is a lot of money.d. There are ten minutes left.8.在四则运算中, 谓语动词用单复数均可, 但单数形式更为多用a. Two and ten is / are twelve.b. Three times five is / are fifteen.9.动名词或动词不定式作主语时, 谓语动词用单数a. Smoking / To smoke is a bad habit.b. Carving animal bones is not an easy job.10.主语从句作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数. 但若主语从句所指的具体内容为复数意义时, 谓语动词用复数a. What we need is more time.b. What we need are more doctors.11.以-s结尾的专有名词作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数, 这类专有名词如: General Motors(通用汽车公司), the United Nations(联合国), the United States, the New York Times(纽约时报)等.a. The New York Times is published daily.b. The Arabian Nights is a popular reading among the young people.表示群岛, 山脉, 瀑布的专有名词作主语时, 谓语动词通常用复数, 如:the Andes(安第斯山脉), the Alps(阿尔卑斯山脉), the West Indies(西印度群岛), the Niagara Falls(尼加拉大瀑布)12.有些形式为复数, 而意义为单数的名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 这类名词如: news, works(工厂), politics(政治), physics(物理), mathematics(数学 )等13.以-s或-es结尾, 由对称的两部分构成的物体作主语时, 谓语动词用复数. 这类物体如: trousers, glasses, jeans(牛仔裤), scissors(剪刀), shades(太阳镜)等. 如果这类名词前用了pair, 则谓语动词的数取决于pair的数a. Here is a pair of glasses for you.b. There are three pairs of jeans in the bag.14. 分数或百分数+ of + 名词作主语时, 谓语动词视名词的可数与否采用单数或复数a. Over three quarters of the city was destroyed in the war.b. 35 percent of the do ctors are women.c. Thirty percent of the workers are out of work now.d. One third of the water has been wasted.15.用and连接两个或两个以上的单数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用复数. 如果and连接的两个名词指的是同一人、事、物或概念( 如: a knife and f ork一副刀叉, the bread and butter奶油面包, my house and home我的家)时, 则谓语动词用单数a. Many books and a pen are on the desk.b. The pianist and composer (钢琴家兼作曲家) has come to this small town.16. the + adj.表示一类人或事物作主语时, 谓语动词用复数. the +adj.若表示抽象概念或品质, 则谓语用单数a. The old in the city are taken good care of.b. The beautiful gives pleasure to all of us.美给我们以快乐17.more than one和many a + 单数名词作主语时, 谓语用单数a. Many a student has won the prize.很多学生获了奖b. More than one person has made the same mistake.不止一人犯了同样的错误。
高考英语主谓一致知识点总结高考英语主谓一致知识1(一) 语法一致原则即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项:1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数.如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质.No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。
2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如:The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人)A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物)用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体,如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.如:Serving the people is my great happiness.为人民服务是我的幸福.When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。
4. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数.Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳.No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席.Each man and (each) woman is asked to help. 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙。
高考英语语法复习句法知识讲解一、主谓一致在英文中，谓语的形式要与主语保持一致。
比如，你、我、他是学生，中文“是”字是一样的，只有主语不同。
英文的动词要根据主语不同而改变：I am，you are，he is。
主谓一致有三大原则：语法一致，意义一致，就近一致。
（一）语法一致名词是单数，谓语动词是单数。
不可数名词、集体名词、动词不定式、动名词等，谓语动词也用单数。
Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。
The team is playing well. 这个团队表现得很好。
To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
Swimming is good exercise. 游泳是一项很好的运动。
记住：绝大多数都用单数，只有明确的复数名词，谓语动词才用复数。
My parents are teachers. 我的父母都是老师。
The shoes are all right. 这些鞋子很合适。
鞋、裤子、眼镜，只能是复数，如果前面加上“一双”“一条”，后面的动词就是单数。
A pair of glasses is very expensive. 一副眼镜很贵。
要想搞清楚谓语用单数还是复数，一定要准确锁定主语。
All except me in my family are going to the park. 很显然，all才是真正的主语，所以是复数。
She as well as the other girls is reading a book. 在这里，She才是真正的主语，所以是单数。
"more than one +名词"作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。
例如：More than one teacher gets the flowers."half of, the rest of, most of, all of, 百分数/分数+of +名词"作主语时，谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定。
高中英语主谓一致讲解(整理版)
一、主谓一致的基本概念
●定义：主谓一致是指句子中的主语和谓语动词在数、时态和形式上保持一致。
●功能：确保句子语法正确，意义清晰。
●主谓关系：主语与谓语之间存在逻辑关系，这种关系决定了谓语的形式。
二、主谓一致的主要规则
1.单数主语与谓语的一致
⏹第三人称单数主语使用单数形式的谓语动词。
⏹不可数名词作为主语时，谓语动词使用单数形式。
⏹特殊情况的处理：如“either...or...”结构中，根据就近原则确定谓语的形式。
1.复数主语与谓语的一致
⏹复数主语使用复数形式的谓语动词。
⏹集合名词作为主语时，需要根据具体情况确定谓语的形式。
⏹特殊情况的处理：如“there be”结构中的主谓一致。
1.并列结构中的主谓一致
⏹并列结构中的主语和谓语动词需要保持形式上的平行。
⏹当并列结构中包含不同性质的成分时，需要根据语境和逻辑关系选择适当的谓语形式。
1.从句、不定式、动名词等作为主语时的主谓一致
⏹从句作为主语时，需要根据从句中的谓语动词选择适当的主语形式。
⏹不定式、动名词等非限定性结构作为主语时，谓语动词的形式选择需考虑语境和逻辑关系。
三、实践与练习
●练习题：提供一些练习题，帮助学生更好地理解和掌握主谓一致的规则。
●答案解析：对练习题进行详细的答案解析，帮助学生理解自己的错误，并给出正确的用法建议。
四、总结
对本次讲解的内容进行总结，强调主谓一致在英语语法中的重要性，并提醒学生注意常见的主谓一致错误。
二．名词和主谓一致1.名词的数（1）.常见的不可数名词：advice.news.progress.money.furniture.fun.equipment.weather.luck rmation.bread.medicine.clothing.wealth. sope.rice这些词在使用中不可乱套汉语而使用复数或加不定冠词（2）.有些名词通常只用作复数。
如：glasses.clothes.trousers（裤子）.ashes(灰尘).congrstulations.in high spirit（以很高的热情）.It is good manners to do sth.（做某事有礼貌）（3）.有些名词既可以作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，但意义不同。
Workun.工作cn.作品，著作roomun.空间cn.房间Experience un.经验cn.经历paperun.纸cn.论文、试卷、文件（4）.名词的修饰词只能修饰可数名词的有：each,either,neither, another, these, Those,both, (a)few, several, many, agreat/good many, dozens of等只能修饰不可数名词的有：（a）little, much, a bit of, a great dealof, a large amount of 等。
既可修饰可数又可修饰不可数的有：some, any, half, most, all, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, quantities of 等。
2.名词的单复数（1）.绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式，是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。
friend→friends;cat→cats;style→styles;sport→sports;piece→pieces(2).凡是以s、z、x、ch、sh结尾的词，在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。
主谓一致英语中的一致主要包括主语和谓语在人称和单复数上的一致、时态一致、名词和其代词一致;谓语动词的形式必须随着主语单复数形式的变化而变化;高考英语中主要以完形填空和语法填空的形式,同时可能会结合其他语法点比如非谓语动词和复合句等来考查;一、主谓一致的三原则主谓一致一般要遵循三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则;（一）语法一致原则主语和谓语通常是从语法形式上取得一致,即主语是单数形式,谓语动词也采用单数形式；主语是复数形式,谓语动词也采用复数形式;Jolin has made great success with so many years going on.Jolin是单数形式,谓语动词have也应当用单数形式hasThe Jolins are very fond of singing .the Jolins 指一家人,表示复数,谓语动词be也应当用复数形式are;（二）意义一致原则意义一致原则是指从意义着眼来处理主谓一致问题;有时候主语在形式上是单数形式,但是其意义是负数,谓语动词根据意义而定,采用复数形式;The singer and artist is holding a concert called “land blue”.歌星和大艺术家是同一个人,是单数;The old are very well taken care of in our city.the old 指所有老年人,指一类人,是复数;（三）就近原则就近原则是指谓语动词的变化以靠近谓语动词的主语部分而定;Linlin or you are supposed to get into the hole.You是最靠近谓语动词的主语部分,因此be动词应当用复数形式的are;二、主谓一致的详细讲解（一）代词作主语1．不定代词either, neither, each, one, the other,another以及复合不定代词someone, somebody等作主语,谓语动词用单数;Someone has parked the car on the street.One is from the USA and the other two are from the UK.2.不定代词none作主语时如果指人或者可数的物,指数目,谓语动词单复数均可；如果指不可数名词,指量,谓语动词用单数;None of the students have/has made the mistakes this time.Jimmy has used up all the money. None is left.3.all单独作主语指人时,谓语动词用复数,指物时,谓语动词用单数;All are present at the meeting.All is going on very well.4.由each修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数;Each位于复数主语后或者句尾作同位语时,不影响谓语动词的单复数形式;Each student has a walkman which helps them improve their listening.They each have won the first prize.=They have won the first prize each.5.neither of和 either of加复数名词或者代词作主语,谓语动词用单复数均可;Either of the story is/are interesting;Neither of us has/have received the postcard.6.such作主语时谓语动词的单复数形式应当根据其意义而定;Such is Stephen Hawing , who has suffered a great deal but achieved so much.Such are the difficulties that we are faced with.7.疑问代词作主语时,谓语动词应当根据其实际意义来判断单复数;Who is the girl over thereWho are the girls over thereWhich is your book, this one or that oneWhich are your books, these or those8.关系代词作主语,其人称和数的变化随先行词而定;参加定语从句讲义;Those who have seen the film please put up your hands.The man who is speaking at the meeting is our chairman.注意三种结构：one of, the only of,not the only of加名词或者代词结构中的定语从句的单复数;参见定语从句讲义;二名词作主语1.集体名词作主语1people, cattle, police只有复数概念的集体名词,谓语动词用复数;2audience, army, class, company, enemy, family, group, public, government,population等集体名词作主语,若作为一个主体,谓语动词用单数；若着眼于成员或者个体,谓语动词用复数;His family was the largest among the whole village.My family are going on a trip this summer.3equipment, furniture, baggage, machinery, clothing, jewellery等表示某一类物品总称的集体名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数;因为这些词是不可数名词;2.单复数同形的词作主语,谓语动词单复数根据其意义而定;means, fish, sheep, deer, crossroads, series, species, works工厂Each means has been tried to solve the problem.There are various of means to solve the problem.1work与workswork表示“工作”,不可数名词,谓语动词永远用单数;work表示“作品”,可数名词,谓语动词用单数；复数形式是works,谓语动词用复数;works表示“工厂”,单复数同形;谓语动词视其句子中的意义而定;2a series of + n 和a species of +n作主语,谓语动词用单数;3.以s结尾的由两部分组成的表示衣物或者工具的名词作主语,谓语动词用复数;如：glasses, shoes, boots, pants, chopsticks, scissors, socks, stockings, trousers 等但是前面有“a pair of”或者“pairs of”修饰时,谓语动词与pair保持一致;4.以s结尾的学科作主语,谓语动词用单数;如：politics, physics, mathematics5.以s结尾的海峡、山脉、群岛和表示时间、距离、长度、价值、金额、重量等的复数名词作主语,常被看做整体,谓语动词用单数;Twenty years has passed.A hundred miles is a long way.三含有修饰语的名词的主谓一致1. a number of和the number ofa number of + 复数名词,表示“很多”,谓语动词用复数；the number of + 复数名词,表示“……的数量”,谓语动词用单数;2.some, plenty of , a lot of, lots of等既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词,其谓语动词单复数根据所修饰的词而定;Some people work to live while some people live to work.A lot of work is to be done to prepare for the conference.3.主语含有quantity,谓语动词单复数看quantitya quantity of + 可数名词/不可数名词,谓语动词用单数quantities of +可数名词/不可数名词,谓语动词用复数4.most of, the rest, the rest of, part, part of作主语,谓语动词应根据所修饰的名词或者代词而定;Part of his story was not true.Part of the teachers are from England.5.百分数,分数+of+名词作主语,谓语动词根据of后的名词决定单复数;50% of the land is now suitable to grow crops.20% of the people object to the new law.注意一个例外：当用“one in”或者“one out of”表示几分之一时,谓语动词不看of后的名词,只用单数;It is reported that one in ten people suffers from lung cancer.One out of twenty was badly damaged.6.“the majority of + 复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用复数;“the majority”单独作主语,谓语动词既可以用单数也可以用复数;The majority of boys like football.The majority were/was in favor of the proposal.7.“a kind of , this kind of , many kinds of +名词”作主语,谓语动词与of后的名词保持数的一致;kind可以替换成sort,type,form8.“more than one +单数名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数;“more +复数名词+ than one”作主语,谓语动词用复数;More than one person was injured in the accident.More members than one are against the proposal.9.“many a + 单数名词”作主语,谓语用单数;Many a student has failed in the exam.10.“one or two +复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用复数;“a/an + 单数名词 + or two”作主语,谓语动词用单数;One or two days are enough for the work.A day or two is enough for the work.四并列结构作主语的主谓一致1.and 问题1both…and…作主语,谓语用复数;2and连接人名或者人称代词作主语,谓语动词用复数;3两个名词共用一个冠词,用and连接,表示同一人、同一事或者同意概念,谓语用单数;The singer and the dancer are to attend the party. 歌星和舞蹈家都会参加派对;The singer and dancer is to attend the party. 那个歌星兼舞蹈家会参加派对;常见表示同一概念的短语：bread and butter 面包黄油a horse and cart 一套马车a knife and fork 一副刀叉a cup and saucer 一套茶盘}4every + 单数名词 + and + every +单数名词each + 单数名词 + and + each +单数名词no + 单数名词 + and +no +单数名词谓语动词用单数many a +单数名词 + and + many a +单数名词2.either…or… ,neither…nor…,not only…but also…,not…but…,or作主语,谓语动词采取就近原则;Neither you nor your mother is right.You, he, or I am right.Not only he but also I am right.Is either he or you right3.主语后面有with, together with, along with, as well as , like , such as , rather than , besides , including , in addition to , except 等词修饰,谓语动词不受这些词影响;I as well as you am to blame for breaking the window.五动名词短语,不定式短语,名词性从句充当句子主语时,谓语动词用单数;Translating the books is not so easy.To see is to believe.he said is right.注意：1.and连接的不定式、动名词或者从句作主语,谓语动词应当根据句子的单复数概念决定用单数还是复数;When to hold the meeting and where to hold are two things.Going to bed early and getting up early is good habit.2.what引导的主语从句,谓语动词一般用单数形式,但若从句后的表语是负数形式或者从句本身表示复数意义,则谓语动词用复数形式;What they need are books.比较：What they need is more money.六其他情况1.四则运算:相加、相乘,谓语动词单复数均可;相减、相除,谓语动词用单数;Fifteen and fifteen is/are/makes/make/equals/equal/is equal to/are equal to thirty.Five times six is/are/makes/make/equals/equal/is equal to/are equal to thirty.Fifteen minus five is makes/equals/is equal to ten.Fifteen divided by five makes/equals/is equal to three.2.There / Here句型采取就近原则;Here goes a bus.There is a bus.3.倒装句在倒装句中谓语动词应与后面的主语保持一致;On the wall is a photo of my family.Gone are the days when we worked together, laughed together.4.名词化的形容词the + 形容词表示一类人,谓语动词用复数the + 形容词表示一类物,谓语动词用单数The poor are the part of people we help.The beautiful gives happiness to all.注意：the + 国籍类形容词,谓语动词永远用复数The Chinese are like to be together during the Spring Festival.The Chinese are a hard-working people.。
语法复习二、主谓一致在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。
寻其规律，大致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。
（一）语法一致原则：语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。
如：His father is working on the farm. / To study English well is not easy. / What he said is very important for us all. / The children were in the classroom two hours ago. / Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.注意：由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。
如：What I bought were three English books. / What I say and do is (are) helpful to you.2、由连接词and或both … and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。
如：Lucy and Lily are twins. / She and I are classmates. / The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. / Both she and he are Y oung Pioneers.注意：①若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。
如：The writer and artist has come.; / ②由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
