八年级英语上册时态复习

八年级时态复习一般现在时例A：I study very hard and Tom studies very hard, too.（我很用功，汤姆也很用功。

）例B：The teacher is not in the classroom and the students are very noisy.（老师不在教室，学生都很吵闹。

）解说如例所示主语为第三人称单数时，一般现在时的动词必须使用第三人称单数形式，其他则除“be”以外都使用动词原形(Root Verb)。

一般现在时的用法如下：解说文法上一般现在时所指的“现在(at the time of speaking)”其实其观念并非是绝对的。

这里所指的现在是在表明说话时存在着的事物，其时间领域含盖着过去，也将延伸及将来。

例如：It is very hot today.（今天天气很热。

---如说话时间是在中午，本句话是在表明说话时“天气很热”，实际上“天气热”的现象在中午之前就已开始存在，同时也将延伸到下午。

）例：Dogs bark at strangers.（狗看到陌生人就会吠。

──这句话是在谈狗的习性，说话时不一定有狗正在吠，而狗的这种习性可以追溯及远古，当然也将延伸到将来。

）因此，一般现在时所指的“现在”可以图示如下：一般现在时常可用时间副词如“today，this + time (this week, this year, …)，now，right now，at present，etc.”来修饰。

△动词第三人称单数的规则变化1. 一般情况：加-s 例：reads，writes，says2. 以s，x，ch，sh和部分以o结尾的词加-es 例：teaches，washes，guesses3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y为i再加-es 例：try—tries，carry—carries.☆☆☆[一般现在时的用法] 简述1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。

八年级上册五大时态知识点时态是英语中最重要的文法之一，它能表达出句子所描述的动作发生的时间。

在英语语法中有许多种不同的时态，但是五个最为常用和最基础时态一直是语言学习的重点。

本文将向您介绍八年级上册五大时态知识点，助您准确使用这些时态。

一、一般现在时一般现在时是英语语法中最常用的一种时态，通常描述的是现在经常发生的，习惯性的行为。

一般现在时的结构为主语 + 动词原形。

例如：She drinks milk every morning. （她每天早上喝牛奶。

）在事实、真理、科学常识和普遍规律等范畴内，一般现在时也常被用来表示确切意义上的未来，例如：“The train leaves at eight o’clock tomorrow morning.”（火车明天早上八点钟离开。

）二、一般过去时一般过去时用于过去完成的动作或状态，它可以与过去的时间连用，也可以与一段英语中的已知或者同时提供的信息联系起来。

一般过去时的结构为主语 + 动词的过去式。

例如：I went to the supermarket yesterday. （我昨天去了超市。

）在过去描述的事件或者经历中，一般过去时是最适合的时态。

比如把新闻内容翻译成英文时，用到的就是一般过去时。

三、现在进行时现在进行时用于描述当前正在发生或进行的事情，是与现在紧密相关的一种时态。

现在进行时的结构为主语 + am / is / are + 动词的 -ing 形式。

例如：I am drinking tea at the moment. （我此刻正在喝茶。

）现在进行时可以体现出动作的临时性和正在进行态的状态。

当指代当前正在进行的动作时，它是最适合的时态，特别是在描述美食、追剧等活动时使用较多。

四、过去进行时过去进行时用于描述过去某个时间段正在进行的事情，经常用于强调过去某个时刻正在进行的某一个动作。

过去进行时的结构为主语 + was / were + 动词的 -ing 形式。

八年级上册英语u1语法知识点英语语法对于学习英语而言是非常重要的一部分，尤其是对于初中学生来说，掌握语法知识点是很有必要的。

本文将重点介绍八年级上册英语U1中的一些常用语法知识点，帮助大家更好地学习英语。

一、动词时态动词时态是英语语法中最基本也是最常用的部分，对于初学者来说掌握好动词时态是至关重要的。

在U1中，出现了以下几种时态：一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时。

这里我们分别来介绍一下。

1. 一般现在时一般现在时表示的是现在的状态或习惯动作，通常使用“主语+谓语动词的原形”构成，如：- I play basketball with my friends after school.（我放学后和我的朋友们打篮球。

）- She usually goes to school by bus.（她通常乘公交车去上学。

）2. 一般过去时一般过去时表示过去的状态或动作，通常使用“主语+谓语动词的过去式”构成，如：- Yesterday, I went to the park with my family.（昨天，我和我的家人去了公园。

）- He studied hard for the exam last night.（他昨晚为考试努力学习。

）3. 现在进行时现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作，通常使用“主语+be动词+现在分词”构成，如：- They are playing basketball on the playground.（他们正在操场上打篮球。

）- I am studying for the English test now.（我正在准备英语考试。

）二、情态动词情态动词在英语语法中也是比较重要的一部分，它是用来表示说话者对某一行为的态度、意愿或可能性的动词。

在U1中，主要涉及到以下几个情态动词：can、could、may、might、must、should、would。

这里我们分别来介绍一下。

1. can和couldcan和could都表示能力和可能性。

人教版八年级英语上册知识点总结一、基本语法1.时态：英语时态分为以下几种：现在时、过去时、将来时。

每种时态又分为简单时态、进行时态、完成时态和完成进行时态等。

例如：–现在时：简单现在时: 主语 + 动词原形;进行现在时：主语 + be(am/is/are) + v-ing;完成现在时：主语 + have / has + 过去分词;完成进行现在时：主语 + have / has + been + v-ing。

–过去时：简单过去时：主语 + 动词过去式；进行过去时：主语 + was / were + v-ing；完成过去时：主语 + had + 过去分词；完成进行过去时：主语 + had + been + v-ing。

–将来时:简单将来时：主语 + will / shall + 动词原形；进行将来时：主语 + will / shall + be + v-ing；完成将来时：主语 + will / shall + have + 过去分词；完成进行将来时：主语 + will / shall + have + been + v-ing。

2.倒装句：倒装是指把谓语动词放在主语前面形成的一种语法现象。

如：Only in this way can we solve the problem. (只有这样才能解决问题。

) 倒装句句型格式为：_____+主语（名词或代词）+_____。

在不同的情况下需要用到不同的“辅助动词/助动词”来进行倒装。

3.被动语态：被动语态就是在句子中表达动作的承受者(即主语)的语态。

结构为:被(或受)动责任的动词(to be) + 过去分词。

如：The book was written by him.（这本书是由他写的。

）4.虚拟语气：虚拟语气是指在表示假设，愿望，建议等语气时所使用的一种语态形式。

其结构为：主语+should/could/might/would+(have)+动词原形。

如: If I were you, I would buy this dress（如果我是你，我会买这件衣服。

初二上册英语时态复习题一、选择题1.I ___________ to the party last night, but I had to study for the test.a)went b) am going c) will go d) have gone2.She _________ in the park every morning.a)walks b) walked c) is walking d) will walk3.By the time he arrives, we _______ for an hour.a)will wait b) are waiting c) have been waiting d) have waited4.They _________ to the beach last summer.a)go b) went c) are going d) have gone5.We _________ a movie tomorrow evening.a)watch b) watched c) are watching d) will watch6.She _________ to Paris next week.a)fly b) flew c) is flying d) will fly7.He _________ the dishes when I arrived home.a)washed b) washes c) is washing d) was washing8.The sun _________ in the east.a)rises b) rose c) is rising d) will rise9.I _________ my homework yesterday.a)finish b) finished c) am finishing d) will finish10.They _________ married next month.a)get b) got c) are getting d) will get二、用适当的时态填空1.We _______ (visit) our grandparents next weekend.2.Susan _______ (study) for her exams right now.3.The train _______ (leave) in five minutes. Hurry up!4.They _______ (watch) a movie last night.5.By this time tomorrow, I _______ (finish) writing my report.6.He _______ (play) tennis every Sunday.7.We _______ (not go) to the party last week because we were busy.8.I _______ (not see) him since last month.9.The teacher _______ (explain) the lesson at the moment.10.I _______ (not eat) anything since morning.三、改错题1.They goes to school by bus every day.2.She don’t like chocolate cake.3.He is play soccer with his friends now.4.We will going to the movies tomorrow.5.My brother doesn’t went to work yesterday.四、根据句意，用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空1.I usually _______ (get) up at 7 o’clock in the morning.2.They _______ (not play) basketball yesterday.3.She _______ (not watch) TV every day.4.He _______ (read) a book at the moment.5.We _______ (not go) to the park last weekend.6.The teacher _______ (teach) English every Monday.7.They _______ (not swim) in the pool yesterday.8.He _______ (do) his homework right now.9.My mom _______ (cook) dinner in the kitchen.10.The dog _______ (bark) loudly outside.五、根据汉语意思完成句子1.我们明天去看电影。

八年级上册时态复习到本学期目前为止，我们已经会学到五种常用时态，它们分别是一般现在时、现在进行时、一般将来时、一般过去时、过去进行时。

下面，我们来复习一下这五种时态。

时态含义结构时间状语一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。

am / is / are或其他动词的一般现在时形式usually, always, often, every day等一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示过去经常性的动作。

was / were或其他动词的过去式形式yesterday, in 1992, last year, three daysago等现在进行时表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事。

am / is / are+动词-ing形式now, at the moment等一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。

be going to / will+动词原形tomorrow, next week，in the future等过去进行时表示在过去某段时间内正在发生的事情或行为。

was/were +动词-ing形式at 2:00 yesterday，at this timeyesterday，while / when，then / at thattime / at that moment；when my fathergot home考点1：一般现在时1.一般现在时的构成一般现在时主要用动词原形表示,如果主语是第三人称单数,一般在动词原形后加-s或-es。

如:Tom often at home.汤姆在家经常帮助父母做家务。

Sometimes Lucy herself.有时候露西自己洗衣服。

2.与一般现在时连用的时间状语(1)表示频率的副词always,often,usually,sometimes等。

(2)on Sundays,on Monday afternoons,every day,every morning,every year等时间状语。

语法专项II动词一. 动词是表示动作或处于某种状态的词;它分为行为动词;系动词、助动词和情态动词;动词种类多;变化又复杂;是学习英语的难点之一;下面根据动词的特点进行归类;并提供一些辨别方法;以便于理解和掌握..1. 行为动词在动词中数量最多;它含有实在的意义又叫实义动词;表示动作或状态;在句中可以单独作谓语;行为动词又分为及物动词和不及物动词;及物动词后面必须加宾语;意义才完整;不及物动词后面不能直接带宾语;常需要在宾语前加介词才能带宾语..eg:We study English very hard.She has a book in her hand.The sun rises in the east.2. 连系动词本身有一定词义;但不能独立作谓语;必须与表语一起构成谓语;常见的连系动词有：be; look; sound; get; become等..eg:My parents are both farmers.The milk tastes terrible.The song sounds good.3. 助动词本身无词义;不能独立作谓语;必须和主要动词构成谓语;表示疑问;否定;时态或其它语法形式..常见的助动词有：be; have; do; will; shall等..eg:Do you have a brotherHave you got an English-Chinese dictionaryI didn’t go to the cinema yesterday.4. 情态动词本身有词义;但不能独立作谓语;只能和主要动词一起构成谓语;表示说话者的语气和情态;情态动词没有人称和数的变化;情态动词本身可以构成疑问和否定;常见的情态动词有：can; may; must; will; shall; need等..eg: Can you sing the English songEveryone must get to school on time.二. 动词的时态：一时态概述：作谓语的动词用来表示动作情况发生时间的各种形式称为时态;英语中的时态;就是通过特殊的动词词尾或加一些相关的助动词be; havehas等;用来表示动作或事件发生的不同时间和方面..eg: He reads newspapers every day.He read the newspaper yesterday.He is going to read the newspaper tomorrow.二一般现在时：1. 动词变化：一般现在时主要用动词原形表示;但第三人称单数后要加词尾-s;另外be和have有特殊的人称形式..在加词尾-s时要注意：读音：2. 一般现在时主要表示：1经常性或习惯性的动作;常与这样的时间状语连用：always; often; usually; sometimes等eg: We always help each other.It often snows in winter.I get up early every morning.2表示主语现在的特征、性格、能力等..eg: He loves sports.Jane is an outgoing girl.Tom and Tim both have medium height.3表示客观、普遍真理eg:Two and four makes six.Water boils at 100℃The moon moves round the earth.3. 一般现在时的疑问句一般以在句首加助动词do;does的方式构成..第三人称单数加does;其他加do;这时动词一概用原形；动词be只需与主语位置对调就行了..eg: Do you like EnglishDo they have story booksWhat does she do every eveningIs she at homeAre you good at English4. 一般现在时的否定式是do notdon’t或does not doesn’t＋动词原形来构成的;be动词做谓语动词只需在be后加not构成否定..eg:I don’t like oranges at all.She doesn’t work in the TV station.They aren’t students.I’m not busy every weekend.三. 现在进行时：1. 动词变化：现在进行时由“am /is /are＋动词现在分词”构成..加-ing的规则如下：1一般在动词原形末尾加-ing..如：stay－staying do－doinglisten－listening suffer－sufferingwork－working spend－spendinglook－looking2以不发音的字母e结尾的动词;先去掉e;再加-ing..如：make－making take－takinggive－giving ride－ridingplease－pleasing refuse－refusingclose－closing operate－operating3以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词;先双写这个辅音字母;再加-ing..如：put－putting sit－sittingrun－running win－winningbegin－beginning2. 现在进行时的用法1表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作;这时可以不用时间状语;也可以和now; at present; at the moment等时间状语连用..有时用一个动词;如look看;listen听..eg: What are you reading nowListen Someone is singing in the classroom.2表示当前一段时期的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作..eg: They are working in a factory these days.More and more people are giving up smoking.3表示最近按计划或安排要进行的动作..现在进行时有时可表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作;即可以用来代替将来时..eg: When are you leavingAre you going to Tibet tomorrow3. 现在进行时的否定句和疑问句比较简单..否定句在beam; is; are后面加not；疑问句把be动词移到主语前..eg:I am not working.What are you reading nowHow are you feeling todayThe train isn’t arriving soon.四. 一般过去时：1. 动词变化：一般过去时主要表示过去的动作或状态;在句中由主语＋动词的过去式来表达..2. 一般过去时的基本用法：1带有确定的过去时间状语时;要用过去时..eg: yesterday; last year; just now; two days ago; in the old days等eg: He left just now.Lei Feng was a good soldier.What did you have for breakfast this morning2表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作;这时常和表示频度的状语连用..eg: Last term we often did experiments.He always went to work by bus.五. be going to 表示一般将来1. 用法：表示现在打算在最近或将来要做的事;或表示说话人根据已有的迹象认为很有可能要发生的事情;be随着人称的变化变成am; is; areeg: We are going to have a new subject this year.It’s going to rain this afternoon.I’m going to be a pilot when I grow up.2. be going to 的否定句在be动词后加上not；be going to 的疑问句把be动词移到主语前..eg:He isn’t going to see his brother tomorrow.I’m not going to tell you about it.Who’s going to use itIs your sister going to bring your lunchWhat are you going to do next Sunday.模拟试题答题时间：70分钟一. 改错：例1：The rose dark red. →The rose is dark red.1. He very likes swimming.2. He can helps you.3. We haven’t a good time.4. What are you do after school every day5. Sometimes I listen music. sometimes I play outside.6. The fish smells not good.7. We should buy some chicken. There are little left.8. There have many birds in the sky.9. My mother’s glasses is broken.10. A pair of shoes are nearly one thousand.11. What colour are her hair12. Does he his homework13. A: Do you like your classB: Yes. I like.14. He always do his shopping on Friday evening.15. I very sorry I forgot your birthday.16. I have no brother and sister.二. 连词组句：1. listen; morning; the; to; I; radio; the; in; often2. of; men; nurses; good; sick; hospital; care; in; take; the3. weekdays; he; the; goes; cinema; never; during; the; to4. computer; got; new; you; a; have5. weekends; he; rest; does; a; got; have; on6. good; Li Ming; do; and; often; I deeds7. museum; they; the; often; science; visit; how; do8. the; in; any; there; kitchen; food; is9. homework; does; day; when; Tom; his; every; where; and; do10. a; there; vegetables; many; but; apples; aren’t; lot; there; of; are; there三. 用括号里的动词的适当形式填空：1. There be______some glasses on it.2. He go______to the park every day.3. My uncle live______ in Nanjing now.4. ______ Lucy and Lily like______China5. Li Leinot like______ to drink orange soda.6. The girl go______ home at 4:30 in the afternoon.7. ______ Kate speak______ French Yes; she does.8. Jim not ride______his bike often.9. If he be______ free tomorrow; he go______ with us.10. As soon as they get______ there next month; he call______me.11. ______Li Ming’s father have______ his lunch at home12. Tom not do______the morning exercises often.13. I be______ hungry and my sister be______ thirsty.14. The baby have______ curly hair.15. Everybody have______ a chance to win.16. I clean______ my room once a week.17. Nobodytell______ them anything.18. There be______ a lot of chicken on the plate.19. Mr. Li teach______ the second grade.20. The boy watch______ TV every evening.21. Mary play______the violin quite well.22. David study______Chinese and I study______ English.23. The game be______ interesting.24. Many children be______ on the playground.25. He have_______ a good time at your party.26. I have______ a new bicycle.四. 用所给词的适当形式填空：1. Tom and his father ______swimnow.2. Look They ______runalong the street.3. We ______practicehard these days because we will have a big match next month.4. What ______he ______do at nine o’clock last night5. They ______listento the music at that time.6. When the headmaster came in; the students______readthe text.7. We ______watchTV when suddenly the telephone rang.8. She ______makethe paper flowers the whole night.9. A: _______ you ______studyingEnglishB: Yes; I am.10. Let’s go out. It ______not rainnow.11. Hurry up Everybody ______waitfor you.12. A: ______you / listento the radioB: No; You can turn it off.13. I ______watchTV at seven o’clock yesterday evening.14. A: What ______you / lookforB: I ______lookfor my wallet. There is something important in it.15. Look. It ______rainhard. We’ll get wet if we go out.五. 选词填空：一选词填空：1. I ______am; is; was; werebusy last week.2. Tom and I ______am; are; was; werelate for school yesterday.3. I ______walk; walks; walked; walkingto school the other day.4. Rose ______does not; didn’t; has been; has tovisit her uncle the month before lastmonth5. There ______is; was; are; werea lot of people in this village ten years ago.6. Mother ______am; is; was; wereill in bed last night.7. It ______rain; rains; rained; raininga lot last year.二用括号中动词的适当形式填空：1. My uncle in London ______senda birthday present to me yesterday.2. When ______beyou born3. As soon as he arrived in the country; he ______phoneme.4. When I ______knockat his door; he was cooking.5. We were watching TV when the light ______goout.6. He said he ______not likemaths at all.三用括当的词完成下列句子..1. ______you make this cake last night Yes. I did. I _______it for you.2. Did Tom _______ home at five yesterdayNo; he _______. He came home at six.3. What _______ you _______ at the store I bought a camera.4. Were you at home yesterday Yes; I _______.5. Where did you catch the fish I _______ it in the river near my house.六. 完成下列句子：1. 你长大了想当什么我打算当个电脑程序员..What _____ you ______ ______ _______ when you ______ _______ I’m ______ to _______ a _______ _______.2. 你哥哥长大了打算当什么他打算当个专业的篮球运动员..What _____ your brother _____ _________ ______ when he _____________He’s _____ to ______ a _______ _________ player.3. 你打算怎么做我打算学计算机学.._____ are you ______ ________ ________ thatI’m _____ _______ _______ computer _______.4. 你哥哥打算怎么做他打算每天练篮球.._____ is your brother _____ _____ _____He’s _____ ______ _________ basketball every day.5. 她打算下学期上一些表演课吗是的..______ she ______ _______ _________ some ______ lessons Yes; she ________.试题答案1. He likes swimming.2. He can help you.3. We don’t have a good time.4. What do you do after school every day5. Sometimes I listen to music; sometimes I play outside.6. The fish doesn’t smell good.7. We should buy some chicken. There is little left.8. There are many birds in the sky.9. My mother’s glasses are broken.10. A pair of shoes is nearly one thousand.11. If he doesn’t feel well he will go to visit the History Museum.12. What colour is her hair13. Does he do his homework14. A: Do you like your classB: Yes. I do.15. He always does his shopping on Friday evening.16. I am sorry I forgot your birthday.二.1. I often listen to the radio in the morning.2. Nurses take good care of sick men in the hospital.3. He never goes to the cinema during the weekdays.4. Have you got a new computer5. Does he have a rest on weekends6. Li Ming and I often do good deeds.7. How often do you visit the science museum8. Is there any food in the kitchen9. When and where does Tom do his homework every day10. There are a lot of vegetables but there aren’t many applesthere.Or: There are a l ot of apples but there aren’t many vegetables there.三. 1. are 2. goes 3. lives 4. Do; like 5. doesn’t like6. goes7. Does; speak8. doesn’t ride9. is; will go 10. get; will call 11. Does; have12. doesn’t do13. am; is 14. has15. has 16. clean 17. tells 18. is19. teaches 20. watches 21. plays 22. studies; study23. is 24. are 25. has 26. have四. 1. are swimming 2. are running 3. are practicing4. was; doing5. were listening6. were reading7. were watching 8. was making 9. Are; studying10. isn’t raining11. is waiting 12. Are you listening13. was watching 14. are you looking; am looking15. is raining五.一1. was 2. were 3. walked 4. did not 5. were 6. was7. rained二1. sent 2. were 3. phoned 4. knocked 5. went 6. didn’t like三1. Did; made 2. come; didn’t3. did; buy4. was5. caught六.1. are; going; to; be; grow; up; going; be; computer; programmer2. is; going; to; be; grows; up; going; be; professional; basketball.3. How; going; to; do; going; to; study; science4. How; going; to; do; that; going; to; play5. Is; going; to; take; acting; is。

人教版八年级英语上册时态知识总结一般现在时一．动词变化：一般现在时主要用动词原形表示，但第三人称单数后要加词尾-s，另外be和have有特殊的人称形式。

在加词尾-s时要注意：情况加法例词一般情况加-s reads, writes, says以ch, sh, s, x, 或o收尾的词加-es teaches, washes, guesses,fixes, goes以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词变y为i再加-es try－triescarry－carries二．一般现在时表示:(1)表示现在的状态, 例如:He’s twelve.(2)表示经常性的或习惯性的动作, 常与often, usually, sometimes, always, every day等表示经常性的或习惯性的时间状语连用.例如:I go to school every day. (3)表示主语具备的性格和能力, 例如:She likes apple.（4）表示客观、普遍的真理。

Two and four makes six.三句型1. 肯定句结构: 主语+be动词/行为动词+宾语/表语(1) 行为动词:a. 主语为第一、二人称、复数人称时（I, you, we, they, the boys），主语+动词原形+宾语。

They go to school every day.b.主语为第三人称单数时(it, he,she, Lily)，主语+动词s/es+宾语。

Lily often likes singing.(2)系动词(be): 主语+系动词+表语。

I am... They/We/You are…　He/She/It is…2.否定句结构: 主语+be动词/行为动词+宾语/表语(1) 行为动词:a. 主语为第一、二人称,复数人称时，主语+don’t+动词原形。

They don’t go to school every day.b.主语为第三人称单数时，主语+doesn’t +动词原形。

人教版八年级上英语时态总结Introduction本文档总结了人教版八年级上册英语的时态使用规则和注意事项。

一般现在时 (Simple Present)1. 表示经常性或惯性的动作、事实、真理等。

- 构成：主语 + 动词原形 (+ 其他)- 例句：She often plays basketball with her friends.2. 表示当前的状况或状态。

- 构成：主语 + be(am/is/are) + 形容词/名词/介词短语等- 例句：I am a student.一般过去时 (Simple Past)1. 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。

- 构成：主语 + 动词过去式 (+ 其他)- 例句：He studied English last night.一般将来时 (Simple Future)1. 表示将来某个时间或将来经常性发生的动作。

- 构成：主语 + will + 动词原形 (+ 其他)- 例句：They will visit their grandparents next week. 现在进行时 (Present Continuous)1. 表示当前正在进行的动作。

- 构成：主语 + be(am/is/are) + 现在分词(+ 其他) - 例句：She is watching TV right now.过去进行时 (Past Continuous)1. 表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。

- 构成：主语 + was/were + 现在分词(+ 其他)- 例句：They were playing soccer at that time.高级时态1. 现在完成时 (Present Perfect)- 表示过去的某个时间到现在的动作或状态。

- 构成：主语 + have/has + 过去分词(+ 其他)- 例句：I have finished my homework.2. 过去完成时 (Past Perfect)- 表示过去的某个时间之前的动作或状态。