名词性从句主语从句
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名词性从句的种类及用法名词性从句是指在一个句子中,作为主语、宾语、表语或同位语的从句。
名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,它们在句子中扮演不同的角色,起着连接不同句子成分的作用。
本文将介绍名词性从句的种类及其用法,帮助读者理解和运用这一语法结构。
一、主语从句主语从句在句子中充当主语的角色,常常由连接词that引导,也可以由特定的连接词如whether, if, what, whatever等引导。
示例句子如下:1. That he is a talented musician is known to all.所有人都知道他是一个有才华的音乐家。
2. Whether he will come to the party is still uncertain.他是否会来参加派对还不确定。
主语从句常常出现在it is/was +从句结构中,以强调句子的主语。
例如:1. It is important to keep calm in an emergency.紧急情况下保持冷静是很重要的。
2. It was unexpected that she failed the exam.她考试不及格出乎意料。
二、宾语从句宾语从句在句子中充当宾语的角色,通常由连接词that, if, whether, what, who, whom, whose, which等引导。
示例句子如下:1. She asked me where I had been.她问我去哪儿了。
2. They don't know whether he will attend the meeting.他们不知道他是否会出席会议。
有些动词或表达方式常常用宾语从句作为宾语,例如:believe, think, hope, expect, know, understand, suggest等。
例如:1. I believe that honesty is the best policy.我相信诚实是上策。
名词性从句与主语从句在英语语法中,名词性从句和主语从句是重要的从句类型。
它们都属于从属从句,扮演着整个句子的一个成分。
本文将详细介绍名词性从句和主语从句的定义、特点和用法,并举例说明其在实际应用中的运用。
一、名词性从句的定义和特点1. 定义:名词性从句是指在复合句中充当名词成分的从句。
它可以充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语等。
2. 特点:a. 通常由连词that, whether/if, who, whom, which, what, when, where, why, how等引导;b. 在从句中担任名词的职能,整个从句作为整体在句中起到名词的作用;c. 可以替换为一个单词或短语,使句子更加简洁明了;d. 名词性从句的引导词根据从句所充当的成分来选择。
二、名词性从句的用法名词性从句的常见用法包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
下面将分别进行讲解。
1. 主语从句主语从句在句子中充当主语的角色,常以that, whether/if, who, whom, which, what, when, where, why, how等引导。
例如: - Whether we can finish the project on time is still uncertain.- That he stole the money is beyond doubt.- How to solve this problem remains a challenge.2. 宾语从句宾语从句在句子中充当宾语的角色,常以that, whether/if, who, whom, which, what, when, where, why, how等引导。
例如: - She asked me where I had been all day.- I don't know if he will come to the party.- We should consider whether this plan is feasible.3. 表语从句表语从句在句子中充当表语的角色,常以that, whether/if, who, whom, which, what, when, where, why, how等引导。
名词性从句专项一、知识梳理/提炼要点一:句子的分类根据句子的结构可分为:①简单句——一主一谓。
②并列句——由等立连词and, but, so, for把两个(以上)的简单句连在一起构成。
③复合句——一个主句+从句(一个或以上)构成。
根据从句在复合句中的作用,分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句。
名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句。
要点二:名词性从句总述1. 主语从句——在句中作主语,可用it作形式主语,把真正的从句放在句尾。
如:It is still a mystery how the prisoner escaped.犯人是如何逃跑的是个谜。
主语从句中,谓语动词一般用单数。
What引导的主语从句,可根据表语决定。
如:What he needs is that book?What he needs are some book?主语从句常用的结构有:It is well known/reported/thought/said/… that…It is natural/surprising/necessary/certain/true/clear… that…It is a pity/a shame/an honor/no surprise/no wonder… that…It doesn’t’t matter whether…It seems\appears that…It happens that…2. 表语从句——位于系动词之后充当复合句的表语,引导词that 一般可以省略,还可用as if/as though/because/why引导。
如:The question is who can complete the difficult task.问题是是能完成这项艰巨的任务。
3.同位语从句——跟在名词后面,进一步说明该名词的具体内容。
名词主要有:fact, news (word), promise, idea, truth, thought, suggestion, hope, proposal, doubt等。
高考英语名词性从句知识讲解名词性从句是指在复合句中起名词作用的句子,功能相当于名词词组。
名词性从句在复合句中能作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等,根据在句中的语法功能可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、主语从句【定义】在复合句中,作主语的句子称为主语从句。
常见的连接词:(连接词在句中不能省略)that, whether, who, what, whatever, whoever, where, when, why, how等。
【用法】1.连接词 that 引导That we should learn English well is very important.主语从句中 we should learn English well句子完整,不缺成分,用that引导,that 不能省连接词whether,if 引导whether 引导的主语从句可放句首,也可放句中,表“是否”if 引导的主语从句只能引导动词后的宾语Whether I will go or not depend on the weather.It remains to be seen whether / if they can finish the task in time.2.连接代词what, who, which, whose, whatever, whichever,whoever等引导What matters most is your attitude.3.连接副词when,where,why,how等引导How he made it is still unknown.4.it作形式主语为了避免句子头重脚轻,通常把形式主语it放在句首,真正的主语放在句子后面。
常见句型:(1) It is + n.+ that + 句子It is +(a pity / a shame / a fact …)+ that ...(2) It is + adj.+ that + 句子It is +(true / clear / important …)+ that ...(3) It is + 过去分词 + that + 句子It is+ said / announced / expected / believed / hoped… + that ...(4) It seems /appears / happens / turned out that + 句子(5) It hit sb./occurred to sb.that + 句子二、宾语从句【定义】在复合句中,作宾语的句子称为宾语从句。
名词性从句和主语从句的区别名词性从句和主语从句是英语语法中两个重要的从句类型,它们在使用和功能上有着一些区别。
本文将对名词性从句和主语从句的区别进行详细介绍。
一、名词性从句的定义和功能名词性从句是在句子中充当名词的作用,可以作为主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
名词性从句通常由连接代词(如what, who, whom, which, whoever, whatever)或连接副词(如when, where, why, how)引导。
名词性从句在句子中的功能类似于名词,用于表达陈述、提问、建议、愿望、要求、目的、理由等。
二、主语从句的定义和功能主语从句作为句子的主语,从句中的谓语动词所表示的是主句中的主谓关系。
主语从句通常由连接代词(如what, who, whom, which, whoever, whatever)或连接副词(如when, where, why, how)引导。
主语从句在句子中的功能是充当整个句子的主语,用于表达主谓关系,而且不能省略。
三、名词性从句和主语从句的区别1.位置不同:- 名词性从句可以出现在句子的主语、宾语、表语和同位语等位置,位置较为灵活。
- 主语从句只能作为句子的主语出现,位置不可变。
2.引导词不同:- 名词性从句常由连接代词或连接副词引导。
- 主语从句也常由连接代词或连接副词引导,但通常只由连接代词引导。
3.结构不同:- 名词性从句在结构上是完整的句子,包含主语、谓语和其他成分。
- 主语从句在结构上只包含主语部分,谓语动词在主句中。
4.可替换性不同:- 名词性从句可以被代替为一个单词或一个词组。
- 主语从句在句子中起到主语的作用,不能被代替。
四、名词性从句和主语从句的例句说明1. 名词性从句的例句:- I don't know what he said.(主语从句作宾语)- Tell me where she lives.(主语从句作宾语)2. 主语从句的例句:- What he said is interesting.(名词性从句作主语)- Where she lives is a mystery.(名词性从句作主语)综上所述,名词性从句和主语从句在使用和功能上存在区别。
名词性从句和主语从句的差异名词性从句和主语从句是英语语法中常见的两种从句结构。
尽管它们在句法结构上有一些相似之处,但它们在语法功能和用法上存在显著差异。
本文将详细介绍名词性从句和主语从句的差异,以及它们在句子中的应用。
1. 名词性从句名词性从句是一个完整的句子,其在句子中担任名词的功能。
名词性从句可以充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
它通常由连接词引导,如what、where、when、who、which、whether等。
名词性从句通常以陈述句的形式出现,例如:- What she said is true.(她所说的是真的。
)(名词性从句作为主语)- I don't know where he went.(我不知道他去了哪里。
)(名词性从句作为宾语)- His question is whether she will come or not.(他的问题是她是否会来。
)(名词性从句作为表语)- The fact that he passed the exam surprised us.(他通过考试的事实使我们很吃惊。
)(名词性从句作为同位语)名词性从句可以在句子中起到名词的作用,承担特定的语法角色,并且可以被代词所替代。
2. 主语从句主语从句是一个完整的句子,用作主句中的主语。
它通常由连接词引导,如that、whether、who、which等。
主语从句通常以陈述句的形式出现,例如:- That he doesn't like tomatoes surprises me.(他不喜欢西红柿让我很惊讶。
)- Whether we should go camping is still undecided.(我们是否应该去露营还没有决定。
)主语从句在句子中起到名词的作用,承担主语的语法角色。
它和名词性从句一样,在结构和功能上都类似,但主语从句只能用于句子的主语部分。
3. 尽管名词性从句和主语从句之间存在一些相似之处,但它们在语法功能和用法上有一些显著差异。
英语三大从句类型总结英语三大从句类型总结总结是在某一时期、某一项目或某些工作告一段落或者全部完成后进行回顾检查、分析评价,从而得出教训和一些规律性认识的一种书面材料,他能够提升我们的书面表达能力,因此十分有必须要写一份总结哦。
总结怎么写才能发挥它的作用呢?下面是小编为大家整理的英语三大从句类型总结,仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读。
英语三大从句类型总结PART1:英语从句三大类型按一般说法,可分为三大类14种从句。
一,名词性从句1主语从句Whether it's right or not remains to be seen.2宾语从句I wonder whether it's right or not.3同位语从句This is a question whether it's right or not.4表语从句The question is whether it's right or not.二,定语从句1限定性定语从句She is the student who can speak English well.2非限定性定语从句She is the student,who can speak English well.三,状语从句1时间状语从句The fact will come out when he comes here.2地点状语从句You can go wherever you like.3原因状语从句Pay more attention to your lessons because you are a student.4方式状语从句He walks as if he were a king.5目的状语从句She went to Japan so that she could learn Japanese well.6结果状语从句She went to Japan so that she learned Japanese well.7条件状语从句I will understand it if he tells me.8让步状语从句He knows a lot though he is little.PART2:经典名词性从句主语从句(subject clauses)在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。
名词性从句语法总结名词性从句是在句子中充当名词成分的从句,它可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和定语从句。
在使用名词性从句时,需要注意从句的引导词和从句本身的语法结构。
下面对名词性从句的语法规则进行总结:1. 主语从句。
主语从句在句子中充当主语成分,常常由连接词 that, whether, if, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, why, how 等引导。
例如:What he said is true.(他说的是真的。
)。
Whether we can go camping depends on the weather.(我们能否去野营取决于天气。
)。
2. 宾语从句。
宾语从句在句子中充当宾语成分,常常由连接词 that, whether, if, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, why, how 等引导。
例如:I know who did it.(我知道是谁干的。
)。
She asked me where I was going.(她问我要去哪里。
)。
3. 表语从句。
表语从句在句子中充当表语成分,常常由连接词 that, whether, who, whom, whose, what, which 等引导。
例如:The problem is that we don't have enough time.(问题在于我们没有足够的时间。
)。
Her wish is that she can travel around the world.(她的愿望是能够环游世界。
)。
4. 定语从句。
定语从句在句子中充当定语成分,用来修饰某个名词或代词。
常常由连接词that, who, whom, whose, which, when, where 等引导。
名词性从句有哪些名词性从句共有四种,分别是主语从句(整个从句在主句中做主语),表语从句(整个从句在主句中做表语),同位语从句(整个从句在主句中做同位语),宾语从句四类(整个从句在主句中做宾语)。
名词性从句有哪些1、主语从句例如:It + be + 形容词/名词/动词过去分词 + that 从句It is strangethat he knows nothing about it.从句:He knows nothing about it.主句:It is strange something (= He knows nothing about it).连接词在从句中是否充当成分:否连接词是否可省:否2、宾语从句例如:that 引导的宾语从句I think that English is important.从句:English is important.主句:I think something (= English is important).连接词在从句中是否充当成分:否连接词是否可省:是3、表语从句用法和结构同宾语从句,区别在于:系动词后面所接的从句为表语从句,而及物动词后面所接的从句为宾语从句。
例如:- that 引导的表语从句The truth is that English is important.从句:English is important.主句:The truth is something (= that English is important).4、同位语从句同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。
同位语从句对于名词进一步解释,说明名词的具体内容,一般由that引导,同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面,而是被别的词隔开。
名词性从句的分类与用法总结主语从句宾语从句表语从句等名词性从句的分类与用法总结名词性从句是英语中的一种复合句结构,用来充当主句中的名词成分。
名词性从句可以分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等。
下面将对这些名词性从句的分类与用法进行总结。
一、主语从句主语从句在句中充当主语的角色,常常以以下引导词引导:that, whether, who, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever等。
例如:1. Whether we will win the game is still uncertain.是否我们会赢得比赛还不确定。
2. It is important that she attends the meeting.她出席会议很重要。
二、宾语从句宾语从句在句中充当动词的宾语,常常以以下引导词引导:that, whether, who, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever等。
例如:1. He asked me if I had finished my homework.他问我是否我已经完成了作业。
2. Can you tell me what time the bus leaves?你能告诉我公交车什么时候开吗?三、表语从句表语从句在句中充当表语的角色,常常以以下引导词引导:that, whether, who, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever等。
例如:1. His wish is that he becomes a successful businessman.他的愿望是他成为一名成功的商人。
2. The problem is how we can solve it.问题是我们如何解决它。
名词性从句一名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。
1.主语从句:主语从句在整个句子中作主语。
(1)不同于其它的连词,它不充当句子的成分,只是单纯的连接词,通常不可以省略,有时为了保持句子平衡, that从句后置, 而由it作形式主语。
其他类似句型还有:It + be +important/ necessary/ obvious + that 从句It + be +reported/believed/thought/has been decided + that从句It + be +a pity/a shame/a fact/a surprise/ common knowledge+ that从句It + happens/occurs/seems/appears + that 从句That the driver could not control his war was obvious.It was obvious that the driver could not control his car.(2)if 不能用在主语从句中,而是用whether Whether he left (or not) is unknown(3)当主语从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用第三人称单数What we need is more time and money.What we need are many more books.2.表语从句:表语从句出现在系动词后,充当表语。
其基本结构为: 主语 + 系动词 + that从句。
The trouble is that we are short of money.Go and get your coat. It’s where you left it.3.宾语从句:及物动词,形容词和介词后加宾语从句作其宾语。
(1)宾语从句时态与主句相呼应,但宾语从句表示的是客观真理或普遍现象除外The teacher told us that the earth moves aroundthe sun(2)连词whether和 if可以互换,但注意下列情况连词后紧跟or not时用whether I want to knowwhether or not they will come. 作介词宾语是用whether引导宾语从句He wasinterested in whether he saw her there. 连接词后直接加不定式,不能用if只能用whether Hedoesn’t know whether to stay or not. 如果宾语从句是否定时,一般用if引导I care ifhe will not attend the meeting.(3)当宾语从句后带宾补时,要用“主语+谓语+it +宾补+that-clause,that不可省略I think it certain that she will do well inher exam.(4)当主语是I, we ,主句用think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine五个动词时,用否定转移I don’t think he will win the game, will he?(5)that在宾语从句常可以省略,但由and或 but连接两个或多个宾语从句时,仅可以省略第一个连词that He said (that) he had eaten nothing but that he wasn’t hungry.(6)注意区别if引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句I don’t know if he will come.If he comes, I’ll let you know.注意:beg, insist, desire, command, order, suggest, advise, demand, require, request等动词如果后面加上宾语从句的话, 从句谓语部分必须用should do。
名词性从句的种类和用法名词性从句是指在句子中充当名词的从句,它可以作为主语、宾语、表语和同位语。
名词性从句分为三种主要类型:主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句。
本文将详细介绍每种类型的名词性从句的用法和示例。
一、主语从句主语从句作为主句的主语,常出现在句子的开头或后面。
主语从句通常使用"that"或"whether/if"引导。
以下是主语从句的一些例子:1. 从句使用"that"引导:- That he is late worries me.(他迟到了让我担心。
)- It is essential that we arrive on time.(我们准时到达是非常重要的。
)2. 从句使用"whether/if"引导:- Whether she will come to the party is still uncertain.(她是否会来参加派对还不确定。
)- If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.(如果明天下雨,我们会待在家里。
)二、宾语从句宾语从句作为主句的宾语,常出现在动词后面或介词后面。
宾语从句通常使用"that"引导,但有时可以省略"that"。
以下是宾语从句的一些例子:1. 从句使用"that"引导:- She told me that she loved me.(她告诉我她爱我。
)- They believe that he will win the competition.(他们相信他会赢得比赛。
)2. 从句省略"that":- He said he was busy.(他说他很忙。
)- I know you can do it.(我知道你能做到。
)三、表语从句表语从句用来描述主语或宾语的特征或状态,通常出现在系动词后面。
各类从句详解英语从句可以分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句三大类:下面我们逐一进行说明:一、名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句)主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句在复合句中的充当的成分和其名称相同,分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
上述这四种从句均被称为名词性从句。
所有的名词性从句均不能用逗号分开,并且它们都用相同的关联词,关联词如下:①主从连词:that (无意义), whether (是否), if (是否)(在句子中不充当任何成分)②连接代词:who (谁), whom (谁), whose (谁的), what (什么), which (哪一个)③连接副词:when (什么时候), where (什么地方), how (怎样), why (为什么)主从连词只起连接作用,连接代词和连接副词除了起连接作用外,还充当从句某一个成分。
另外,可以用whatever, whichever, whoever, who(m)ever等连接代词引导名词性从句,来加强语气。
下面分别对各种名词性从句进行介绍(一)主语从句(subject clause)在主句中用作主语的主谓结构称之为主语从句。
例如:That he will come to the discussion is certain.他来参加讨论是确定的。
That the moon moves round the earth is well known to all of us.月球绕地球转动,这是我们大家都熟知的。
When the meeting is to be held has not yet been decide. 会议什么时候召开还没有决定。
主语从句放在句首,句子常常显得比较笨重,因此通常可以把it放在句首,作形式主语,而将主语从句放在后面。
例如上面的句子可以分别改写为:It is certain that he will come to the discussion.It is well known to all of us that the moon moves round the earth.It has not yet been decide when the meeting is to be held.下面再举一些例句:What they are after is profit.他们追求的是利润。
名词性从句的种类和名词性从句在句子中的位置和作用名词性从句是指在句子中充当名词的从句。
它可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、同位语以及介词宾语等成分。
名词性从句的种类有主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
本文将探讨这些种类的名词性从句在句子中的位置和作用。
一、主语从句主语从句作为句子的主语,用来说明或代替整个句子的主语。
在句子中的位置通常位于句首,构成句子的主干。
例如:- What she said is true.(她说的是真的。
)- Whether he will come is uncertain.(他是否会来还不确定。
)主语从句的作用是引起谓语动词的形式变化或者句子的倒装,使句子结构更加灵活。
二、宾语从句宾语从句用来作谓语动词的宾语,通常用来回答“什么”或“怎样”的问题。
它位于及物动词、介词或感叹句中。
例如:- I know what you did last summer.(我知道你去年夏天做了什么。
)- He asked me how I was feeling.(他问我感觉如何。
)宾语从句在句子中的作用是完善句子的意思,使之更加完整和具体。
三、表语从句表语从句用来作为系动词的表语,说明主语的身份、特征、状态或性质。
在句子中的位置位于系动词之后。
例如:- The fact is that he failed the exam.(事实是他考试没通过。
)- Her wish is that everyone gets along.(她的愿望是大家和睦相处。
)表语从句的作用是扩展系动词的真实性,使句子更具说服力和表达能力。
四、同位语从句同位语从句用来解释或补充名词或代词的意思,常常出现在名词的后面,并且句子的意思与前面的名词或代词密切相关。
例如:- The news that she won the prize made me happy.(她获奖的消息让我很开心。
)- His belief that hard work pays off is inspiring.(他关于勤奋会有回报的信念很鼓舞人心。
名词性从句---主语从句主语从句subject clauses)1、概述; 在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。
引导主语从句的词有从属连词、连接代词、连接副词等。
引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词that、whether,连接代词: who, what, which , whom, whose, whatever, who (m) ever, whichever;连接副词: when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever等。
That you don't like him is none of my business.你不喜欢他不管我的事。
What he said is true.他说的是真的。
2、从属连词that, whether 引导的主语从句。
从属连词that, whether 在主语从句中的作用只是引导主语从句,它们在从句中不担任成分,不能省略。
Whether she will come or not is still a question.她是否会来仍是一个问题。
That they will go is certain.他们去是肯定的。
Whether she's coming or not doesn't matter too much.她来不来没有多大关系。
3、it作形式主语引导主语从句。
如果主语从句太长,为避免句子结构头重脚轻,我们可用it作形式主语,而把主语从句放在主句谓语部分之后。
That引导的主语从句可用it代替,that 不可省略。
用作it作形式主语的结构:(1) It is/was +形容词+that从句It's natural that... 很自然.... It's obvious that...显而易见......It's fortunate that幸透的是It's impossible that. (不)可能It's unlikely that..不可能It's strange that...奇怪的是(2 It is/was +名司+that从句It's a pity that.-遺憾的是It's a fact that..事実是It's good news that..是好消息-- It's a wonder that.不足カ奇It's an honor that..非常荣幸的是--- It's a shame that.. .真是可耻It's common knowledge that .是常沢..(3) It +不及物动词+that从句It seems that.--似乎It happened that..磋巧It appears that..看来It turns out that..結果(4) It is/was +过去分词+that从句It's not known that.. --不得而知It's said that..据説It's reported that.-据狠道It's decided that..尚未决定It's believed that..据相信It's announced that..据宣布-It suddenly struck me (occur to me that.我突然想到(感觉到)-(5)其他It doesn't matter是无美緊要的It makes no difference .. ,亳无区別-It is of little consequence that..无美緊要例句:It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.地犯込祥的錯俣是令人遺憾的事。
英语语法解析名词性从句主语从句主语从句是名词性从句的一种,名词性从句包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句,在复合句(由一个主句和一个或几个从句构成的句子叫复合句)中作主语,宾语,表语和同位语。
主语从句主语从句通常放在主句谓语动词之前,在复合句中作主语,也可以用形式主语it代替,把主语从句放在主句谓语动词后面。
1.主语从句的连接词:从属连词:that,whether连接代词:what,who,which,whatever,whoever,whichever 等连接副词:when,where,why,how2.从属连词that的用法以从属连词that引导的主语从句,that没有意义,只起连接作用,不做成分,不可以省略。
That my form teacher would visit my home surprised my parents. 我的班主任要来我家,这使我父母很惊讶。
That he used to be a dancer is known to all of us. 我们大家都知道他过去是个舞蹈演员。
3.从属连词whether的用法以从属连词whether(是否)引导的主语从句,whether不可以由if代替。
Whether we will play the football match today depends on the weather. 我们今天是否举行足球比赛要看天气而定。
4.连接代词:what,who,which,whatever,whoever,whichever等的用法①连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever,whichever等引导主语从句时,连接代词都带有本身的含义:what (所…的),who(谁),which(哪一个;哪一些),whatever(无论什么),whoever(无论谁),whichever(无论哪个;无论哪里)②连接代词在主语从句中要作成分,作主语,宾语或定语。
主语从句导入:观察并指出句子成分A tree has fallen across the road.You are a student.To find your way can be a problem.Smoking is bad for you.一.概念:主语:主语是指句子谈论的主题,说明的人或事物。
也就是句中动作、行为、性质和状态的主体,一般位于句首主语从句:在句中充当主语的从句二·基本结构关系词简单句谓语动词宾语同位语That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.他在很短的时间内写完作文让我们都很惊讶三关系词(引导词)1.从属连词:that whetherthat 引导主语从句只起引导作用,本身无实际意义,在主语从句中不充当任何成分,但不能省略。
That she left him cut him to the heart.That he will come is certain.注意:有时为了使句子结构平衡, 避免“头重脚轻”, 常用it 作形式主语, 而把从句放在后面。
E.gThat she has made such a mistake is a pity.It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:1) It is + adj. +从句It is necessary that… 有必要…It is important that …. 重要的是…It is obvious that…… 很明显……2) It +不及物动词+从句It seems/appears that... 似乎……It happened that... 碰巧……It occurred to me that…… 我突然想起……3) It + be +过去分词+从句It is said that... 据说……It is known to all that... 众所周知……It is reported that... 据报道……It is believed that... 据信……;人们相信……It is suggested that... 有人建议……It must be pointed out that... 必须指出……It has been proved that... 已证明…….4) It is + n. +从句It is common knowledge that… …是常识It is a surprise that …. 令人惊奇的是…It is a fact that…… 事实是……由whether及其他连词引导的主语从句放在句首,句后都可。
Whether it will please them is hard to say.It is hard to say whether it will please them.2.连接代词:who whoever whom whose what whatever which whichever What seems easy to some people seems difficult to others.Which side will win is not clear.注意:what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别what 引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分, 如主语、宾语、表语, that 则不充当任何成分无意义。
例如:What you said yesterday is right.That she is still alive is a consolation1一个句子作主语时,主句的谓语动词应为单数。
Eg Whether he will come depends on the weather.2 what 引导的句子作主语时,谓语动词的数由句子的内容决定(即由表语决定)。
What I want is money.What we need are good booksWhat he said is reasonable.What we will do hasn’t been decided.3 Where he was born and where he lives now are not clear.Where and when he was born remains a secret.两个或两个以上的主从联合做主语,主句谓语动词应为复数。
两个或两个以上的连词引导一个从句,主句谓语动词应为单数。
4 Whether he will come isn’t clear. (不能换成if)It isn't clear whether /if he will come. (可以与if进行替换)(if不能置于句首)5. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较①主语从句常用it作形式主语,一般常用句型为:It is+{名词/形容词/过去分词}+主语从句例如:It is still a question whether she will come or not.It is strange that you should like him.It is still unknown which team will win the match.另外,还有一些比较多见的结构:It turned out that……;It has been proved that……;It happened/occurred that……;It is well-known that……等等②而强调句则不同,它的结构是:It+be+被强调部分+that+从句强调主语:It is the times that produce their heroes.时势造英雄强调宾语:It is English that Prof.Lin teaches us.强调状语:It was in shanghai that I saw the film.判断是否是强调句有一个方法,就是将that以后的“句子的其余部分”拿出来单独看,看有没有缺成分,缺的是什么成分,再把谓语动词后面that前面的那部分,带到你认为缺成分的地方,如果放进去是一句完整的句子了,那就说明是强调句。
6. 用于It is important / natural / necessary / impossible that...句型中, 主语从句应使用虚拟语气, 谓语动词用\“should + 动词原形\”的形式, should有时有感情色彩。
It be suggested/ advised/ ordered/requested that sb (should) do sth…主语从句练习题一.翻译1.(谁将去接他)_______________________________________________ is not decided. 2.(哪个班极会赢得这场足球赛)__________________________________ is not clear .3.(他能否买到飞机票)______________________________________ doesn’t matter much. 4.(我们如何去那里)__________________________________________ is a question. 5.(你刚才告诉我的)_______________________________________ was really a surprise. 6.(他什么时候出国)_______________________________________ is being discussed 7.(他为什么哭)___________________________________________ is not clear.8.It is clear______________________________________________(他是一个乞丐). 9.(你要请谁)______________________________________________ is not important. 10.(我们将在哪里举行篮球赛)____________________________________ is not clear.二.找出下列句子中的主语从句及其引导词,并指出引导词是否充当成分,充当什么成分。
1. That we shall be late is certain.2. That the driver could not control his car was obvious.3. It is certain that we shall be late.4. It was obvious that the driver could not control his car.5. Is it possible that they will come tomorrow?6. It is clear that he was telling the truth.7. It’s probable that we’ll be a little late.8. What caused the accident is a complete mystery.9. It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.10. It shocked me that Peter didn’t tell anybody where he was.11. Who was responsible for the accident is not yet clear.12. It’s a pity that you can’t go with us.13. What he did is not yet known.14. It is said that he has been there many times.15. It is not yet clear who was responsible for the accident.16. When they will have the sports meet is still a question.17. It seems that he has lost something.18. What he said at the meeting encouraged everyone.19. What caused the accident was a broken bottle.20. It remains a problem whether it is true.21. Whoever breaks the law is sure to be punished.22. What she looks like doesn’t matter.23. How this happened is not clear to anyone.24. Whoever comes is welcome.25. Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear.三.用适当的引导词填空。