26个英文字母及发音音标

Hh [et∫] I i [ɑ] J j [d e] K k [ke] L l [el] Mm

[em] N n [en] O o [әu] P p [pi:] Q q [kju:] R r [ɑ:] S s [es]

T t [ti:] U u [ju:]

V v [vi:] W w [′dΛblju:] X x [eks] Y y [wai] Z z

[zi:]/[zed]

以上我们可以看出,英语字母中有一些含有共同的元音音素.如: з

1)含元音音素[ei]

字母: Aa Hh Jj Kk

音标: [e] [et∫] [d e] [ke]

2) 含元音音素[i:]

字母: Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv

音标: [bi:] [si:] [di:] [i:] [d i:] [pi:] [ti:] [vi:]

3) 含元音音素[e] 字母: Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz

音标: [ef] [el] [em] [en] [es] [eks] [zed]

4) 含元音音素[ju:] 字母: Uu Qq Ww

音标: [ju:] [kju:] [`dΛblju:]

5) 含元音音素[ɑ] 字母: Ii 音标: [ɑ] Yy 音标: [wɑ]

英语发音规则

一,元音字母在重读音节中的读音

元音字母的读音

a 在开音节中读[e] 如：name plane Jane baby cake

在闭音节中 [æ] 如：bag dad hat map black back

e 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese

在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg i 在开音节中 [ɑ] bike drive time nice kite

在闭音节中 [ı] fish big drink sit milk swim

o 在开音节中 [әu] those close go home no

在闭音节中 [D] clock not box shop sock

u 在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday

在闭音节中 [Λ] bus cup jump much lunch

在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j, l ,r ,s后面时读[u:]音,

例如:June blue ruler super

二,元音字母在非重读音节中的读音

a [ә] China another woman breakfast

[ ] orange comrade village cabbage

e [ә] hundred student open weekend

[] chicken pocket begin children

i [ә]/[ı] holiday beautiful family animal

[a] exercise satellite

o [ә] second tonight somebody welcome

[әu] also zero photo

u [ә] autumn diffcult

[ju:] popular congratulation January

动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[e]音,例如:operate

u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j、 l、 r、 s后面时,读[u(:)]音,

例如:July influence February issue

三,元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音

1、a在[w]音后面 [פ] want what watch wash quality

a在f、n、 sk 、ph 、sp 、ss 、st 、th前时读 [ɑ:]

after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father 2、i在-nd、 -ld和gh前 读[ɑ] 如: find child light high

3、o在-st、 -ld前读[әu] 如: most postcard old cold

4、o在m、 n 、v 、th前 读[Λ] come monkey love mother

四,-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 әзŋ

1、ar

ar 一般读[ɑ:] car farm dark sharp 在[w]后读[פ:] warm quarter towards

2、or

[פ:] 如： forty morning short

or在[w]音后面 读 [з:] word worker worse

3、er、 ir、 ur读 [з:] 如： certainly bird Thursday

辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成 -r音节,而是按重读闭音节的 拼读规则发音.例如: carry sorry hurry

-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[ә]音,例如:

dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday

五,-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组

读 音

例 词

are [eә] care dare hare

ere [ә] here mere

ire [ɑә] fire hire wire

ore [פ:] more score before shore bore

ure [ju:ә] pure cure

are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[ә]音,例如:picture pleasure 重读元音字母加r,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母r读[r]音.

例如: parent zero story during inspiring

某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象.

例如:orange very American paragraph

六,元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组

ai/ay读音[e]

例 词 afraid rain wait day play

air[eә] air hair chair pair repair

al在f,m前读 [פ:l] small ball talk wall all

[פ:l] always also salt almost bald

[ɑ:] half calm palm

au/aw[פ:] autumn daughter draw

ea [i:] teach easy cheap please

[e] heavy bread sweater weather

[e] break great ear [ә] hear dear near clear year

[eә] bear pear wear

[з:] earth learn early

ee [i:] jeep week green three eer [ә]] pioneer deer beer ei/ey [e] eight neighbour they

[i:] either key

eu/ew在j、l、r、s后读 [ju:] new few newspaper

[u:] flew brew ie/ei 在[s]音之后 念[i:] piece field receive

oa [әu] coat Joan boat goal

oar/oor [פ:] roar board door floor

oi/oy [פ] noise point boy toilet

oo [u:] broom food tooth school

[u] book look cook foot good

ou/ow [ɑu] flower house count down

[әu] know row throw though

[Λ] young country enough

[u:] group you soup

our [פ:] course your four

[ɑuә] our hour ours

[з:] journey

ui 在j、l 、r、 s后 [ju: ] fluid suicide tuition

[u:] juice fruit suit

七,非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音

元音字组或字群

读 音 例 词

ai/ay 、ei/ey [] Sunday foreign monkey

ow [әu] yellow sparrow tomorrow

元音字组在非重读音节中读[ә]音或 [].

例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee

-sion -tion [∫n] impression nation