2020年法语专业八级题库【章节题库】-第1~2章【圣才出品】

法语专八真题翻译答案解析法语专八考试是法语学习者尤其是专业学习法语的学生们努力追求的一个目标。

翻译部分是专八考试的一个重要组成部分，也是考生们相对比较薄弱的一个环节。

本文将针对专八真题中的翻译部分进行答案解析，帮助考生们更好地了解并应对考试。

首先，我们来看一道实例题目：原文：Les élections présidentielles en France sedéroulent tous les cinq ans. Le président de la République française est élu au suffrage universel direct.参考答案：法国总统选举每五年举行一次。

法国总统由直接普选产生。

解析：这道题目主要考察对词组和句子的理解和翻译能力。

首先，"les élections présidentielles"可以直接翻译为"总统选举"；"se déroulent tous les cinq ans"可以翻译为"每五年举行一次"；"le président de la République française"可以翻译为"法国总统"；"est élu au suffrage universel direct"可以翻译为"由直接普选产生"。

接下来，我们来看一道较难的题目：原文：La France est le premier pays à libérer Auschwitz. Son président, François Hollande, l'a déclaré en ces termes : "La France assume pleinement saresponsabilité."参考答案：法国是第一个解放奥斯维辛集中营的国家。

Hostility to Gypsies has existed almost from the time they first a ppeared in Europe in the 14th century. The origins of the Gypsies, wi th little written history, were shrouded in mystery. What is known no w from clues in the various dialects of their language, Romany, is th at they came from northern India to the Middle East a thousand years ago, working as minstrels and mercenaries, metal-smiths andservants. Europeans misnamed them Egyptians, soon shortened to Gypsies. A clan system, based mostly on their traditional crafts and geography, has m ade them a deeply fragmented and fractious people, only really unifyi ng in the face of enmity from non-Gypsies, whom they call gadje.Today many Gypsy activists prefer to be called Roma, which comes from the Romany word for "man". But on my travels among them most still re ferred to themselves as Gypsies.In Europe their persecution by the gadje began quickly, with the chur ch seeing heresy in their fortune-telling and the state seeing anti-s ocial behaviour in their nomadism. At various times they have been fo rbidden to wear their distinctive bright clothes, to speak their own language, to travel, to marry one another, or to ply their traditiona l crafts. In some countries they were reduced to slavery it wasn’t u ntil the mid-1800s that Gypsy slaves were freed in Romania. In more r ecent times the Gypsies were caught up in Nazi ethnic hysteria, and p erhaps half a million perished in the Holocaust. Their horses have be en shot and the wheels removed from their wagons, their names have be en changed, their women have been sterilized, and their children have been forcibly given for adoption to non-Gypsy families.But the Gypsies have confounded predictions of their disappearance as a distinct ethnic group and their numbers have burgeoned. Today there are an estimated 8 to 12 million Gypsies scattered across Europe, mak ing them the continent’s largest minority. The exact number is hard to pin down. Gypsies have regularly been undercounted, both by regime s anxious to downplay their profile and by Gypsies themselves, seekin g to avoid bureaucracies. Attempting to remedy past inequities, activ ist groups may overcount. Hundreds of thousands more have emigratedto the Americas and elsewhere. With very few exceptions Gypsies have ex pressed no great desire for a country to call their own -unlike theJe ws, to whom the Gypsy experience is often compared. "Romanestan" said Ronald Lee, the Canadian Gypsy writer, "is where my two feet stand. "16. Gypsies are united only when theyA are engaged in traditional crafts. B. call themselves Roma.C. live under a clan system.D. face external threats.17. In history hostility to Gypsies in Europe resulted in their perse cution by all the following EXCEPTA. the Egyptians. B the state. C. the church. D. the Nazis.18. According to the passage, the main difference between the Gypsies and the Jews lies in their concepts ofA. language.B. culture.C. identity.D. custom.答案解析：短文大意：这篇短文介绍的是吉卜赛人在欧洲受敌视的状况。

专八语言学试题一1. Linguistics is the scientific study of __________.A. a particular languageB. the English languageC. human languages in generalD. the system of a particular language2. The consonant [f] in English can be correctly described as having the following phonetic features: __________.A. voiceless, bilabial, stopB. voiceless, labiodental, fricativeC. voiced, bilabial, stopD. voiced, labiodental, fricative3. There are different types of affixes or morphemes. The affix "ed" in the word "learned" is known as a(n) __________.A. derivational morphemeB. free morphemeC. inflectional morphemeD. free form4. In the phrase structure rule "S→NP VP", the arrow can be read as __________.A. is equal toB. consists ofC. hasD. generates5. "I bought some roses" __________ "I bought some flowers".A. entailsB. presupposesC. is inconsistent withD. is synonymous with6. Y's utterance in the following conversation exchange violates the maxim of __________.X: Who was that you were with last night?Y: Did you know that you were wearing odd socks?A. qualityB. quantityC. relationD. manner7. Changes in a language are changes in the grammar of the speakers of the language. This means that phonemes, __________, words and grammatical rules may be borrowed, added, lost or altered.A. phrasesB. sentencesC. morphemesD. utterances8. In a speech community people have something in common __________a language or a particular variety of language and rules for using it.B. linguisticallyC. culturallyD. pragmatically9. Which of the major mental functions listed below is not under the control of the left hemisphere in most people? __________.A. language and speechB. visual and spatial skillsC. reading and writingD. analytic reasoning10. In general, the __________ stage begins roughly in the second half of the child's second year.A. babblingB. one-wordC. two-wordD. multiword答案：1.C 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.C 8.B 9.B 10.C专八语言学试题二1.The famous quotation from Shakespeare's play “Romeo and Juliet” ‘A rose by any other name would smell as sweet’ well illustrates _______.()A.the conventional nature of languageB.the creative nature of languageC.the universality of languageD.the big difference between human language and animal communication2.Of the following sound combinations, only _______ is permissible according to the sequential rules in English.()A.kiblB.bkilC.ilkbD.ilbk3.The sentence that has a NP and a VP can be shown in a _______ formula "S→NP VP".()A.hierarchicalB.linearC.tree diagramD.vertical4.It is the _______ on Case assignment that states that a Case assignor and a Case recipient should stay adjacent to each other.()A.Case ConditionB.parameterC.Adjacent ConditionD.Adjacent Parameter5.Predication analysis is a way to analyze _______ meaning.A.phonemeB.wordC.phrase6.According to Searle,those illocutionary acts whose point is to commit the speaker to some future course of action are called _______.()misivesB.directivesC.expressivesD.declaratives7.The term _______ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies language change over various periods of time and at various historical stages.A.synchronicB.diachronicparativeD.historical comparative8.The way in which people address each other depends on their age, sex, social group, and personal relationship. The English system of address forms frequently used includes first name, last name, title+last name, _______,and kin term.A.title+first nameB.title+titleC.title aloneD.first name+last name+titlenguage and thought may be viewed as two independent circles overlappingin some parts. When language and thought are identical or closely parallel to each other, we may regard thought as "subvocal speech," and speech as "_______".()A.vocal thoughtB.subvocal thoughtC.covert thoughtD.overt thought10.Whcih of the following best states the behaviorist view of child language acquisition?_______.()nguage acquisition is a process of habit formationnguage acquisition is the species-specific property of human beingsC.Children are born with an innate ability to acquire languageD.Humans are equipped with the neural prerequisites for language and language use答案1.A2.A3.B4.C5.D6.A7.B8.C9.D10.A专八语言学试题三1.As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use, and not to lay down rules for "correct" linguistic behavior, it is said to be ___.A. prescriptiveB. sociolinguisticC. descriptiveD. psycholinguistic2.Of all the speech organs, the ___ is/are the most flexible.A. mouthB. lipsC. tongueD. vocal cords3.The morpheme "vision" in the common word "television" is a(n) ___.A. bound morphemeB. bound formC. inflectional morphemeD. free morpheme4.A ___ in the embedded clause refers to the introductory word that introduces the embedded clause.A. coordinatorB. particleC. prepositionD. subordinator5."Can I borrow your bike?" ___ "You have a bike."A. is synonymous withB. is inconsistent withC. entailsD. presupposes6.The branch of linguistics that studies how context influences the way speakers interpret sentences is called ___.A. semanticsB. pragmaticsC. sociolinguisticsD. psycholinguistics7.Grammatical changes may be explained, in part, as analogic changes, which are ___ or generalization.A. elaborationB. simplificationC. external borrowingD. internal borrowing8.___ refers to a marginal language of few lexical items and straightforward grammatical rules, used as a medium of communication.A. Lingua francaB. CreoleC. PidginD. Standard language9.Psychologists, neurologists and linguists have concluded that, in addition to the motor area which is responsible for physical articulation of utterances, three areas of the left brain are vital to language, namely, ___ .A. Broca's area, Wernicke's area and the angular gyrusB. Broca's area, Wernicke's area and cerebral cortexC. Broca's area, Wernicke's area and neuronsD. Broca's area, Wernicke's area and Exner's area10.According to Krashen, ___ refers to the gradual and subconciousdevelopment of ability in the first language by using it naturally indaily communicative situations.A. learningB. competenceC. performanceD. acquisition答案1.C 2.C 3.D 4.D 5.D6.B7.B8.C9.A 10.D专八语言学试题四1.The pair of words “lend”and “borrow”are ___.()A.gradable oppositesB.relational oppositesC.co-hyponymsD.synonyms2.The discovery of Indo-European language family began with the work of the British scholar.()A.Jacob GrimmB.Rasmus RaskC.Franz BoppD.Sir William Jones3.A linguist regards the changes in language and language use as __.()A.unusualB.something to be fearedC.abnormalD.natural4.__produce fast and fluent speech with good intonation and pronunciation but the content of their speech ranges from mildly inappropriate to complete nonsense,often as unintelligible.()A.Broca's aphasicB.The linguistic deprivationC.The damage on the angular gyrusD.Wernicke's aphasic5.Some Southern learners of English in Chi na tend to say “night” as “light”.This shows:.()A.They cannot pronounce/n/B.Interlangue interference because there is notthe sound /n/in their mother tongueC.The teachers do not have a good teaching methodD.They do not like to pronounce nasal sounds6.A word with several meanings is called __worD.()A.a polysemousB.a synonymousC.an abnormalD.a multiple7.The function of the sentence “A nice day, isn't it?”is __.()rmativeB.phaticC.directiveD.performative8.The most recognizable differences between American English and British English are in __ and vocabulary.()ageB.grammarC.pronunciationD.structure9.__deals with the way in which a language varies through geographical space.()A.Linguistic geographyB.LexicologyC.LexicographyD.Sociolinguistics10.The semantic components of the word “gentleman” can be expressed as __.()A.+animate,+male,+human,-adultB.+animate,+male,+human,+adultC.+animate,-male,+human,-adultD.+animate,-male,+human,+adult答案1.B2.D3.D4.D5.B6.A7.B8.C9.A10.B专八语言学试题五Tick off the correct or the best possible answers:1 One of the properties of language is that a language user can understand and produce sentences he/she has never heard before. This property of language is called ________.A. dualityB. productivityC. displacementD. arbitraryKey: B2 The ______ function refers to the fact that language can be used for establishing a favorable atmosphere or maintaining social contact rather than for exchanging information or ideas.A. phaticB. directiveC. evocativeD. performativeKey: A3 From a functional approach, the _______ meaning of a language use consists of what is communicated of the feelings and attitudes of the speaker/writer.A. affectiveB. associativeC. stylisticD. collocativeKey: A4 When -ing in 'gangling' is removed to get a verb 'gangle', we call this way of creating words ________.A. suffixationB. back-formationC. blendingD. acronymyKey: B5 ______ refers to the process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importance.A. DegradationB. SpecializationC. ElevationD. ExtensionKey: C6 As we know, every speaker has his own pet words and expressions and special way of expressing his ideas in language. This language variety of individual users is called ______.A. idiolectB. regional dialectC. temporal dialectD. social dialectKey: A7 When pitch, stress and length variations are tied to the sentence rather than to the word, they are collectively known as ________.A. intonationB. toneC. phonemeD. sentence stressKey: A8 _______ refers to the change of a sound as a result of the influence of an adjacent sounD.A. Addition of soundB. Loss of soundC. MetathesisD. AssimilationKey: D9Basically, all the languages in the world can be classified in terms of language family. Vietnamese and Korean are two languages in the ______ family.A. Indo-EuropeanB. Sino-TibetanC. Hamito-SemiticD. Malayo-PolynesianKey: B10A _______ is the minimal contrastive unit in the writing system of a language.A. morphemeB. phonemeC. graphemeD. letterKey: C11 All mono-morphemic words are constituted by free morphemes, and those poly-morphemic words which consist wholly of free morphemes are called_________.A. hyponymsB. compoundsC. blendsD. allomorphsKey: B12 The requirement that the forms of two or more words of specific word classes which stand in specific syntactic relationship with one another shall also be characterized by the same paradigmatically marked category or categories is called _______.A. concordB. governmentC. recursivenessD. cohesionKey: A13. The formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part of another is called _____.A. blendingB. clippingC. acronymyD. compoundingKey: A14. The distinction of 'linguistic potential' and 'actual linguistic behavior' is proposed by _______.A. N. ChomskyB. F. de SaussureC. M. A. HallidayD. J. AustinKey: C15. The word meaning given in the dictionary is called _____ meaning.A. denotativeB. connotativeC. collectiveD. stylisticKey: A16. When we consider the variation relating to what a user is trying to do with language, we are dealing with addressee relationship-continually categorized as "______".A. tenor of discourseB. mode of discourseC. field of discourseD. idiolectKey: A17. According to words' structures, Turkish is a typical ______ language.A. isolatingB. fusionalC. analyticD. agglutinativeKey: D18. ______ refer to the fact that one type of utterance is typically followed by a special type of utterance.A. Minimal pairsB. Illocutionary actsC. Social dialectsD. Adjacency pairsKey: D19. The relation between "dead" and "alive" is labeled as ________.A. gradabilityB. complementarityC. hyponymyD. homonymyKey: B20. The words "encore" and "au pair " are loanwords from _______.A. FrenchB. GermanC. ItalianD. SpanishKey: A21. The distinction of langue and parole is proposed by______.a. N. ChomskyB. F. de SaussureC. M. A. HallidayD. J. AustinKey: b22Which of the following is the exception to the feature of arbitrariness of languagea. native English wordsB. borrowed wordsC. echoic wordsD. one-syllable wordsKey: c23 Which of the following feature cannot be used to describe the phone [s]a. voicelessB. oralC. alveolarD. lateralKey: d24 In terms of place of articulation, the two consonants [f], [v] are ________.a. dentalB. alveolarC. palatalD. labiodentalKey: d25 In terms of manner of articulation, the sounds [p], [b], [t], [d], [k], [g] are ________.a. affricatesB. fricativesC. bilabialD. oral stopsKey: d26 Which of the following statements about allophone is NOT correcta. Allophones are different forms of the same phonemeB. Allophones of the same phoneme are in complementary distribution.C. Allophones distinguish meaning.D. Allophones are language specifiC.Key: c27 Which of the following words is not a free morphemea. ableB. petC. changeD. dustyKey: d28 How many morphemes are there in the word dischargeda. 2B. 3C. 4D. 5Key: b29 Which of the following words is made up of bound morphemes onlya. happinessB. televisionC. ecologyD. teacherKey: c30. Language is passed on from one generation to the next by teaching and learning rather than by instinct. This property of language is called_____.a. interchangeabilityB. productivityC. cultural transmissionD. arbitrarinessKey: c31 The famous quotation from Shakespeare's play Romeo and Juliet 'A rose by any other name would smell as sweet' well illustrates _______.A. the conventional nature of languageB. the creative nature of languageC. the universality of languageD. the big difference between human language and animal communicationKey: A32 Of the following sound combinations, only _______ is permissible according to the sequential rules in English.A. kiblB. bkilC. ilkbD. ilbkKey: A33 The sentence that has a NP and a VP can be shown in a _______ formula "S→NP VP".A. hierarchicalB. linearC. tree diagramD. verticalKey: B34 It is the _______ on Case assignment that states that a Case assignor and a Case recipient should stay adjacent to each other.A. Case ConditionB. Case ParameterC. Adjacent ConditionD. Adjacent ParameterKey: C35. Predication analysis is a way to analyze _______ meaning.A. phonemeB. wordC. phraseD. sentenceKey: D36. According to Searle, those illocutionary acts whose point is to commit the speaker to some future course of action are called _______.A. commisivesB. directivesC. expressivesD. declarativesKey: A37. The term _______ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies language change over various periods of time and at various historical stages.A. synchronicB. diachronicC. comparativeD. historical comparativeKey: B38. The way in which people address each other depends on their age, sex, social group, and personal relationship. The English system of address forms frequently used includes first name, last name, title+last name, _______, and kin term.A. title+first nameB. title+titleC. title aloneD. first name+last name+titleKey: C39. Language and thought may be viewed as two independent circles overlapping in some parts. When language and thought are identical or closely parallel to each other, we may regard thought as "subvocal speech," and speech as "_______".A. vocal thoughtB. subvocal thoughtC. covert thoughtD. overt thoughtKey: D40.Whcih of the following best states the behaviorist view of child language acquisitionA. Language acquisition is a process of habit formation.B. Language acquisition is the species-specific property of human beings.C. Children are born with an innate ability to acquire language.D. Humans are equipped with the neural prerequisites for language and language use.Key: A41. The words "kowtow" and "tea " are loanwords from _______.A. ChineseB. GermanC. ItalianD. SpanishKey: A42. The term _______ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies language change over various periods of time and at various historical stages.A. synchronicB. diachronicC. comparativeD. historical comparativeKey: B43. The formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part of another is called _____.A. blendingB. clippingC. acronymyKey: A44. According to words' structures, Latin is a typical ______ language.A. isolatingB. fusionalC. analyticD. agglutinativeKey: B45. The relation between "animal" and "lamb" is labeled as ________.A. gradabilityB. complementarityC. hyponymyD. homonymyKey: C46. One of the property of language is that there is no logical connection between meaning and sounds. This property of language is called________.A. dualityB. productivityC. displacementD. arbitrarinessKey: D47. The________ function refers to the use of language to create certain feelings in the hearer.A. phaticB. directiveC. evocativeD. performativeKey: A48. The _______ meaning of a word consists of the associations it acquires on account of the meanings of words which tend to occur in its environment.A. associativeB. affectiveC. stylisticD. collocativeKey: D49. When -or in editor is removed to get a verb edit, we call this way of creating words ________.A. suffixationB. back-formationC. blendingD. acronymyKey:50. The relation between "rose" and "flower" is labeled as ________.A. gradabilityB. complementarityC. hyponymyKey: C51. Language can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker. This is what we mean by __________.A. dualityB. productivityC. displacementD. arbitrarinessKey: C52. When language is used to get the hearer to do something, then it serves a _______ function.A. directiveB. informativeC. interrogativeD. expressive53. The description of a language at some point in time is a ________ study.A. diachronicB. synchronicC. descriptiveD. prescriptiveKey: B54. The distinction between "competence" and "performance" was made by______ .A. N. ChomskyB. F. de SaussureC. M. A. HallidayD. L. BloomfieldKey: A55. According to the places of articulation, sounds in English such as [t], [l], and[z] can be labeled as _______ ones.A. dentalB. bilabialC. velarD. alveolarKey: D56. According to the morphological analysis, the underlined part in the word "internationalism" should be regarded as a ___________ .A. rootB. stemC. prefixD. suffixKey: B57. Words such as "telex" and "workfare" are created through ___________.A. affixationB. compoundingC. conversionD. blendingKey: D58. According to the syntactic construction analysis, simple sentence such as "John is a student." belongs to __________construction.A. endocentricB. exocentricC. coordinateD. subordinateKey: B59. The sense relationship between "male" and "female" is _________.A. complementarityB. gradabilityC. relational oppositesD. hyponymyKey: A60. Componential analysis is a method of analyzing________ meaning.A. sentenceB. lexicalC. grammaticalD. utteranceKey: B。

2014年法语专业八级真题及详解PARTIE ⅠDictée (10 points)Dans cette partie, vous entendrez un texte ayant 20 trous (chaque trou représente un mot ou une expression). Le texte sera lu deux fois (le commencement sera signalé par un hip sonore). Complétez le texte selon l’enregistrement.Maintenant, vous avez deux minutes pour lire le texte. Et après la dictée, vous aurez deux minutes pour relire votre texte.Maintenant, écoutez le texte.Un homme à la (1) _____!(2) _____! le navire ne s’arrête pas. Le vent (3) _____, ce sombre navire-là a une route (4) _____forcé de continuer. Il passe.L’homme disparaît, puis (5) _____, il plonge et remonte à la surface, il appelle, il (6) _____les bras, on ne l’entend pas; le navire, (7) _____ sous (8) _____, est tout à sa manœuvre, les (9) _____et les passagers ne voient même plus l’homme (10) _____; sa misérable tête n’est (11) _____ dans (12) _____ des vagues.Il (13) _____ des cris désespérés dans les profondeurs. Quel (14) _____ que cette voile qui s’en va! Il la regarde, il la regarde (15) _____. Elle s’éloigne, elle blêmit, elle (16) _____. Il était là (17) _____, il était de (18) _____, il allait et venait sur le pont avec les autres, il avait sa part de respiration et de soleil, il était un vivant. Maintenant, que (19) _____ donc passé? Il (20) _____, il est tombé, c’est fini.1. _____【答案】mer【解析】意为“大海”。

精品文档专八语言学试题一1. Linguistics is the scientific study of __________.A. a particular languageB. the English languageC. human languages in generalD. the system of a particular language2. The consonant [f] in English can be correctly described as having the following phonetic features: __________.A. voiceless, bilabial, stopB. voiceless, labiodental, fricativeC. voiced, bilabial, stopD. voiced, labiodental, fricative3. There are different types of affixes or morphemes. The affix ed in the word learned isknown as a(n) __________.A. derivational morphemeB. free morphemeC. inflectional morphemeD. free form4. In the phrase structure rule S→NP VP, the arrow can be read as __________.A. is equal toB. consists ofC. hasD. generates5. I bought some roses __________ I bought some flowers.A. entailsB. presupposesC. is inconsistent withD. is synonymous with6. Y's utterance in the following conversation exchange violates the maxim of __________.X: Who was that you were with last night?Y: Did you know that you were wearing odd socks?A. qualityB. quantityC. relationD. manner7. Changes in a language are changes in the grammar of the speakers of the language. This means that phonemes, __________, words and grammatical rules may be borrowed, added, lost or altered.A. phrasesB. sentencesC. morphemesD. utterances8. In a speech community people have something in common __________a language or a particular variety of language and rules for using it.精品文档．精品文档A. sociallyB. linguisticallyC. culturallyD. pragmatically9. Which of the major mental functions listed below is not under the control of the left hemispherein most people? __________.A. language and speechB. visual and spatial skillsC. reading and writingD. analytic reasoning10. In general, the __________ stage begins roughly in the second half of the child's second year.A. babblingB. one-wordC. two-wordD. multiword答案：1.C 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.C 8.B 9.B 10.C专八语言学试题二1.The famous quotation from Shakespeare's play “Romeo and Juliet”‘A rose by any other name would smell as sweet' well illustrates _______.()A.the conventional nature of languageB.the creative nature of languageC.the universality of languageD.the big difference between human language and animal communication2.Of the following sound combinations, only _______ is permissible according to the sequential rules in English.()A.kiblB.bkilC.ilkbD.ilbk3.The sentence that has a NP and a VP can be shown in a _______ formula S→NP VP.()A.hierarchicalB.linearC.tree diagramD.vertical4.It is the _______ on Case assignment that states that a Case assignor and a Case recipient should stay adjacent to each other.()A.Case ConditionB.parameterC.Adjacent ConditionD.Adjacent Parameter5.Predication analysis is a way to analyze _______ meaning.A.phonemeB.wordC.phrase精品文档．精品文档D.sentence6.According to Searle,those illocutionary acts whose point is to commit the speaker to some future course of action are called _______.()misivesB.directivesC.expressivesD.declaratives7.The term _______ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies language change over various periods of time and at various historical stages.A.synchronicB.diachronicparativeD.historical comparative8.The way in which people address each other depends on their age, sex, social group, and personal relationship. The English system of address forms frequently used includes first name, last name, title+last name, _______,and kin term.A.title+first nameB.title+titleC.title aloneD.first name+last name+titlenguage and thought may be viewed as two independent circles overlappingin some parts. When language and thought are identical or closely parallel to each other, we may regard thought as subvocal speech, and speech as _______.()A.vocal thoughtB.subvocal thoughtC.covert thoughtD.overt thought10.Whcih of the following best states the behaviorist view of child languageacquisition?_______.()nguage acquisition is a process of habit formationnguage acquisition is the species-specific property of human beingsC.Children are born with an innate ability to acquire languageD.Humans are equipped with the neural prerequisites for language and language use答案 1.A2.A3.B4.C5.D6.A7.B8.C9.D10.A专八语言学试题三1.As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use, and not to lay down rules for correct linguistic behavior, it is said to be ___.A. prescriptiveB. sociolinguisticC. descriptiveD. psycholinguistic2.Of all the speech organs, the ___ is/are the most flexible.A. mouth精品文档．精品文档B. lipsC. tongueD. vocal cords3.The morpheme vision in the common word elevision is a(n) ___.A. bound morphemeB. bound formC. inflectional morphemeD. free morpheme4.A ___ in the embedded clause refers to the introductory word that introduces the embedded clause.A. coordinatorB. particleC. prepositionD. subordinator5.Can I borrow your bike? ___ You have a bike.A. is synonymous withB. is inconsistent withC. entailsD. presupposes6.The branch of linguistics that studies how context influences the way speakers interpret sentences is called ___.A. semanticsB. pragmaticsC. sociolinguisticsD. psycholinguistics7.Grammatical changes may be explained, in part, as analogic changes, which are ___ or generalization.A. elaborationB. simplificationC. external borrowingD. internal borrowing8.___ refers to a marginal language of few lexical items and straightforward grammatical rules, used as a medium of communication.A. Lingua francaB. CreoleC. PidginD. Standard language9.Psychologists, neurologists and linguists have concluded that, inaddition to the motor area which is responsible for physical articulationof utterances, three areas of the left brain are vital to language,namely, ___ .A. Broca's area, Wernicke's area and the angular gyrusB. Broca's area, Wernicke's area and cerebral cortexC. Broca's area, Wernicke's area and neurons精品文档．精品文档D. Broca's area, Wernicke's area and Exner's area10.According to Krashen, ___ refers to the gradual and subconciousdevelopment of ability in the first language by using it naturally indaily communicative situations.A. learningB. competenceC. performanceD. acquisition答案 1.C 2.C 3.D 4.D 5.D6.B7.B8.C9.A 10.D专八语言学试题四1.The pair of words “lend”and “borrow”are ___.()A.gradable oppositesB.relational oppositesC.co-hyponymsD.synonyms2.The discovery of Indo-European language family began with the work of the British scholar.()A.Jacob GrimmB.Rasmus RaskC.Franz BoppD.Sir William Jones3.A linguist regards the changes in language and language use as __.()A.unusualB.something to be fearedC.abnormalD.natural4.__produce fast and fluent speech with good intonation and pronunciation but the content of their speech ranges from mildly inappropriate to complete nonsense,often as unintelligible.()A.Broca's aphasicB.The linguistic deprivationC.The damage on the angular gyrusD.Wernicke's aphasic5.Some Southern learners of English in China tend to say “night”as “light”.This shows:.()A.They cannot pronounce/n/B.Interlangue interference because there is notthe sound /n/in their mother tongueC.The teachers do not have a good teaching methodD.They do not like to pronounce nasal sounds6.A word with several meanings is called __worD.()A.a polysemousB.a synonymousC.an abnormalD.a multiple7.The function of the sentence “A nice day, isn't it?”is __.()精品文档．精品文档rmativeB.phaticC.directiveD.performative8.The most recognizable differences between American English and British English are in __ and vocabulary.()ageB.grammarC.pronunciationD.structure9.__deals with the way in which a language varies through geographical space.()A.Linguistic geographyB.LexicologyC.LexicographyD.Sociolinguistics10.The semantic components of the word “gentleman”can be expressed as __.()A.+animate,+male,+human,-adultB.+animate,+male,+human,+adultC.+animate,-male,+human,-adultD.+animate,-male,+human,+adult答案1.B2.D3.D4.D5.B6.A7.B8.C9.A10.B专八语言学试题五Tick off the correct or the best possible answers:1 One of the properties of language is that a language user can understand and produce sentences he/she has never heard before. This property of language is called ________.A. dualityB. productivityC. displacementD. arbitraryKey: B2 The ______ function refers to the fact that language can be used for establishing a favorableatmosphere or maintaining social contact rather than for exchanging information or ideas.A. phaticB. directiveC. evocativeD. performativeKey: A3 From a functional approach, the _______ meaning of a language use consists of what is communicated of the feelings and attitudes of the speaker/writer.A. affectiveB. associativeC. stylisticD. collocative精品文档．精品文档Key: A4 When -ing in 'gangling' is removed to get a verb 'gangle', we call this way of creating words________.A. suffixationB. back-formationC. blendingD. acronymyKey: B5 ______ refers to the process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importance.A. DegradationB. SpecializationC. ElevationD. ExtensionKey: C6 As we know, every speaker has his own pet words and expressions and special way of expressing his ideas in language. This language variety of individual users is called ______.A. idiolectB. regional dialectC. temporal dialectD. social dialectKey: A7 When pitch, stress and length variations are tied to the sentence rather than to the word, they are collectively known as ________.A. intonationB. toneC. phonemeD. sentence stressKey: A8 _______ refers to the change of a sound as a result of the influence of an adjacent sounD.A. Addition of soundB. Loss of soundC. MetathesisD. AssimilationKey: D9Basically, all the languages in the world can be classified in terms of language family. Vietnamese and Korean are two languages in the ______ family.A. Indo-EuropeanB. Sino-TibetanC. Hamito-SemiticD. Malayo-PolynesianKey: B10A _______ is the minimal contrastive unit in the writing system of a language.精品文档．精品文档A. morphemeB. phonemeC. graphemeD. letterKey: C11 All mono-morphemic words are constituted by free morphemes, and those poly-morphemic words which consist wholly of free morphemes are called_________.A. hyponymsB. compoundsC. blendsD. allomorphsKey: B12 The requirement that the forms of two or more words of specific word classes which stand in specific syntactic relationship with one another shall also be characterized by the same paradigmatically marked category or categories is called _______.A. concordB. governmentC. recursivenessD. cohesionKey: A13. The formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part of another is called _____.A. blendingB. clippingC. acronymyD. compoundingKey: A14. The distinction of 'linguistic potential' and 'actual linguistic behavior' is proposed by _______.A. N. ChomskyB. F. de SaussureC. M. A. HallidayD. J. AustinKey: C15. The word meaning given in the dictionary is called _____ meaning.A. denotativeB. connotativeC. collectiveD. stylisticKey: A16. When we consider the variation relating to what a user is trying to do with language, we are dealing with addressee relationship-continually categorized as ______.A. tenor of discourseB. mode of discourseC. field of discourse精品文档．精品文档D. idiolectKey: A17. According to words' structures, Turkish is a typical ______ language.A. isolatingB. fusionalC. analyticD. agglutinativeKey: D18. ______ refer to the fact that one type of utterance is typically followed by a special type of utterance.A. Minimal pairsB. Illocutionary actsC. Social dialectsD. Adjacency pairsKey: D19. The relation between dead and alive is labeled as ________.A. gradabilityB. complementarityC. hyponymyD. homonymyKey: B20. The words encore and au pair are loanwords from _______.A. FrenchB. GermanC. ItalianD. SpanishKey: A21. The distinction of langue and parole is proposed by______.a. N. ChomskyB. F. de SaussureC. M. A. HallidayD. J. AustinKey: b22Which of the following is the exception to the feature of arbitrariness of language a. native English wordsB. borrowed wordsC. echoic wordsD. one-syllable wordsKey: c23 Which of the following feature cannot be used to describe the phone [s]a. voicelessB. oralC. alveolarD. lateral精品文档．精品文档Key: d24 In terms of place of articulation, the two consonants [f], [v] are ________.a. dentalB. alveolarC. palatalD. labiodentalKey: d25 In terms of manner of articulation, the sounds [p], [b], [t], [d], [k], [g] are ________.a. affricatesB. fricativesC. bilabialD. oral stopsKey: d26 Which of the following statements about allophone is NOT correcta. Allophones are different forms of the same phonemeB. Allophones of the same phoneme are in complementary distribution.C. Allophones distinguish meaning.D. Allophones are language specifiC.Key: c27 Which of the following words is not a free morphemea. ableB. petC. changeD. dustyKey: d28 How many morphemes are there in the word dischargeda. 2B. 3C. 4D. 5Key: b29 Which of the following words is made up of bound morphemes onlya. happinessB. televisionC. ecologyD. teacherKey: c30. Language is passed on from one generation to the next by teaching and learning rather than by instinct. This property of language is called_____.a. interchangeabilityB. productivityC. cultural transmissionD. arbitrariness精品文档．精品文档Key: c31 The famous quotation from Shakespeare's play Romeo and Juliet 'A rose by any other name would smell as sweet' well illustrates _______.A. the conventional nature of languageB. the creative nature of languageC. the universality of languageD. the big difference between human language and animal communicationKey: A32 Of the following sound combinations, only _______ is permissible according to the sequential rules in English.A. kiblB. bkilC. ilkbD. ilbkKey: A33 The sentence that has a NP and a VP can be shown in a _______ formula S→NP VP.A. hierarchicalB. linearC. tree diagramD. verticalKey: B34 It is the _______ on Case assignment that states that a Case assignor and a Case recipientshould stay adjacent to each other.A. Case ConditionB. Case ParameterC. Adjacent ConditionD. Adjacent ParameterKey: C35. Predication analysis is a way to analyze _______ meaning.A. phonemeB. wordC. phraseD. sentenceKey: D36. According to Searle, those illocutionary acts whose point is to commit the speaker to some future course of action are called _______.A. commisivesB. directivesC. expressivesD. declarativesKey: A37. The term _______ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies language change over various periods of time and at various historical stages.A. synchronic精品文档．精品文档B. diachronicC. comparativeD. historical comparativeKey: B38. The way in which people address each other depends on their age, sex, social group, and personal relationship. The English system of address forms frequently used includes first name, last name, title+last name, _______, and kin term.A. title+first nameB. title+titleC. title aloneD. first name+last name+titleKey: C39. Language and thought may be viewed as two independent circles overlapping in some parts. When language and thought are identical or closely parallel to each other, we may regard thought as subvocal speech, and speech as _______.A. vocal thoughtB. subvocal thoughtC. covert thoughtD. overt thoughtKey: D40.Whcih of the following best states the behaviorist view of child language acquisitionA. Language acquisition is a process of habit formation.B. Language acquisition is the species-specific property of human beings.C. Children are born with an innate ability to acquire language.D. Humans are equipped with the neural prerequisites for language and language use.Key: A41. The words kowtow and ea are loanwords from _______.A. ChineseB. GermanC. ItalianD. SpanishKey: A42. The term _______ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies language change over various periods of time and at various historical stages.A. synchronicB. diachronicC. comparativeD. historical comparativeKey: B43. The formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part of another is called _____.A. blendingB. clippingC. acronymy精品文档．精品文档D. compoundingKey: A44. According to words' structures, Latin is a typical ______ language.A. isolatingB. fusionalC. analyticD. agglutinativeKey: B45. The relation between animal and lamb is labeled as ________.A. gradabilityB. complementarityC. hyponymyD. homonymyKey: C46. One of the property of language is that there is no logical connection between meaning and sounds. This property of language is called________.A. dualityB. productivityC. displacementD. arbitrarinessKey: D47. The________ function refers to the use of language to create certain feelings in the hearer.A. phaticB. directiveC. evocativeD. performativeKey: A48. The _______ meaning of a word consists of the associations it acquires on account of the meanings of words which tend to occur in its environment.A. associativeB. affectiveC. stylisticD. collocativeKey: D49. When -or in editor is removed to get a verb edit, we call this way of creating words ________.A. suffixationB. back-formationC. blendingD. acronymyKey:50. The relation betweenose andlower is labeled as ________.A. gradabilityB. complementarityC. hyponymy精品文档．精品文档D. homonymyKey: C51. Language can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker. This is what we mean by __________.A. dualityB. productivityC. displacementD. arbitrarinessKey: C52. When language is used to get the hearer to do something, then it serves a _______ function.A. directiveB. informativeC. interrogativeD. expressive53. The description of a language at some point in time is a ________ study.A. diachronicB. synchronicC. descriptiveD. prescriptiveKey: B54. The distinction between competence and performance was made by______ .A. N. ChomskyB. F. de SaussureC. M. A. HallidayD. L. BloomfieldKey: A55. According to the places of articulation, sounds in English such as [t], [l], and[z] can be labeled as _______ ones.A. dentalB. bilabialC. velarD. alveolarKey: D56. According to the morphological analysis, the underlined part in the word internationalism should be regarded as a ___________ .A. rootB. stemC. prefixD. suffixKey: B57. Words such as elex and workfare are created through ___________.A. affixationB. compoundingC. conversion精品文档．精品文档D. blendingKey: D58. According to the syntactic construction analysis, simple sentence such as John is a student. belongs to __________construction.A. endocentricB. exocentricC. coordinateD. subordinateKey: B59. The sense relationship between male andemale is _________.A. complementarityB. gradabilityC. relational oppositesD. hyponymyKey: A60. Componential analysis is a method of analyzing________ meaning.A. sentenceB. lexicalC. grammaticalD. utteranceKey: B精品文档．。

专八人文知识：语言学部分精选试题（附答案）专八人文知识：语言学部分精选试题本文是根据最新专八考试大纲针对人文知识的要求，从语言学内容精选出的考前自测试题。

1.Which of the following statements about language is NOT true?A. Language is a systemB. Language is symbolicC. Animals also have languageD. Language is arbitrary2.Which of the following features is NOT one of the design features of language?A. SymbolicB. DualC. ProductiveD. Arbitrary3.What is the most important function of language?A. InterpersonalB. PhaticC. InformativeD. Metalingual4.Who put forward the distinction between Langue and Parole?A. SaussureB. ChomskyC. HallidayD. Anonymous5.According to Chomsky, which is the ideal user's internalized knowledge of his language?A. competenceB. paroleC. performanceD. langue6.The function of the sentence "A nice day, isn't it?" is .A. informativeB. phaticC. directiveD. performative7.Articulatory phonetics mainly studies .A. the physical properties of the sounds produced in speechB. the perception of soundsC. the combination of soundsD. the production of sounds8.The distinction between vowels and consonants lies in .A. the place of articulationB. the obstruction of airstreamC. the position of the tongueD. the shape of the lips9.Which is the branch of linguistics which studies the characteristics of speech sounds and provides methods for their description, classification and transcription?A. PhoneticsB. PhonologyC. SemanticsD. Pragmatics10.Which studies the sound systems in a certain language?A. PhoneticsB. PhonologyC. SemanticsD. Pragmatics11.Minimal pairs are used to .A. find the distinctive features of a languageB. find the phonemes of a languageC. compare two wordsD. find the allophones of language/doc/5b8851066.html,ually, suprasegmental features include,length and pitch.A. phonemeB. speech soundsC. syllablesD. stress13.Which is an indispensable part of a syllable?A. CodaB. OnsetC. StemD. Peak14.Which is the smallest unit of language in terms of relationship between expression and content?A. WordB. MorphemeC. AllomorphD. Root15.Which studies the internal structure of words, and the rules by which words are formed?A. MorphologyB. SyntaxC. PhonologyD. Semantics16.Lexeme is .A. a physically definable unitB. the common factor underlying a set of formsC. a grammatical unitD. an indefinable unit17.Which of the following sounds does not belong to the allomorphs of the English plural morpheme ?A. [s]B. [iz]C. [ai]D. [is]18.All words contain a .A. root morphemeB. bound morphemeC. prefixD. suffix19.The relationship between "fruit" and "apple" isA. homonymyB. hyponymyC. polysemyD. synonymy20.The part of the grammar that represents a speaker's knowledge of the structure of phrases and sentences is called .A. lexiconB. morphologyC. syntaxD. semantics21.Which of the following items is not one of the grammatical categories of English pronouns?A. genderB. numberC. caseD. voice22.The pair of words "lend" and "borrow" areA. gradable oppositesB. relational oppositesC. co-hyponymsD. synonyms23."Big" and "Small" are a pair of opposites.A. complementaryB. gradableC. completeD. converse24.In the following conversation:- Beirut is in Peru, isn't it?- And Rome is in Romania, I suppose.The second person violates theA. Quantity MaximB. Quality MaximC. Relation MaximD. Manner Maxim25.The maxim of requires that a participant's contribution be relevant to the conversation.A. quantityB. qualityC. mannerD. relationCACAA, BDBAB, BDDBA, BCABC,DBBBD。

Ooasis [ɔazis] n.f. 绿洲；（枯燥或不愉快环境中的）慰藉物；宜人的地方【例句】L’oasis est un îlot de verdure.绿洲是长有绿草的岛状地带。

【搭配】une oasis de fraîcheur凉爽的地方obéir [ɔbeir] v.t.indir. (+à)服从，顺从；听从，听话【例句】Cet outil obéit à la main.这工具使起来很顺手。

【搭配】obéir au règlement遵守规章obéir aux ordres服从命令obéissance[ɔbeisɑs] n.f. 服从，顺从，听从，听话【例句】J’ai le droit d’exiger l’obéissance parce que mes ordres sont raisonnables.我的命令是合理的，所以我有权要别人服从。

【搭配】obéissance des enfants à leurs parents子女对父母的顺从obéissance à la loi遵纪守法obéissant,e[ɔbeisɑ,-t] adj. 服从的，顺从的，听话的；<转>驯服的，温顺的【搭配】un enfant obéissant一个听话的孩子obeisant avec/ à/ envers qn听某人话的，服从某人的obélisque [ɔbelisk] n.m. （古埃及的）方尖碑【例句】L’architecte de la place de la Concorde, Hittorff, fait ériger au centre de la composition de la place l’obélisque de Louqs or.协和广场的设计师伊尔托夫让人在广场中央树立起了卢克索神庙方尖碑。

法语专业试题题库及答案一、选择题1. 以下哪个选项是“你好”的正确法语表达？A. BonjourB. AdieuC. SalutD. Au revoir答案：A2. 法语中“我爱你”怎么说？A. Je t'aimeB. Je t'adoreC. Je t'apprécieD. Je t'honore答案：A3. 法语中“再见”的正确表达是？A. Au revoirB. AdieuC. SalutD. Bonne journée答案：A4. 以下哪个词是法语中的“书”？A. LivreB. PoissonC. MaisonD. Voiture答案：A5. 法语中“谢谢”怎么说？A. MerciB. De rienC. Excusez-moiD. Pardon答案：A二、填空题1. 请用法语填写下列句子中的空缺部分。

- 我的名字是 _______。

- 答案：je m'appelle2. 用法语表达“今天天气很好”。

- _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______. - 答案：Il fait beau aujourd'hui3. 请用法语表达“你去哪里？”- _______ _______ _______ _______ ?- 答案：Où vas-tu ?4. 用法语说“我不懂法语”。

- _______ _______ _______ _______ _______.- 答案：Je ne comprends pas le français.5. 请用法语表达“请给我一杯咖啡”。

- _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______. - 答案：S'il vous plaît, donnez-moi un café.三、阅读理解阅读以下法语短文，并回答问题。

法语专八概述法语专八是指法语专业的八级水平考试，是法语学习者在法语达到较高水平后所需参加的考试。

专八考试涵盖了法语语法、阅读理解、听力、口语和写作等多个方面，对考生的语言综合能力有较高要求。

通过专八考试可以证明考生在法语学习方面取得了较高的成绩，对于提升法语专业能力和就业竞争力具有重要意义。

考试内容和要求语法专八考试的语法部分主要测试考生对法语语法规则的掌握程度。

考生需要熟练掌握法语的基本语法知识，包括词性、句型、时态、语态等方面。

考试中可能会出现填空、改错、短文填词等不同形式的题目，要求考生准确地运用语法知识，并能够灵活运用在实际语境中。

阅读理解专八考试的阅读理解部分旨在考察考生对法语文章的理解和分析能力。

考题可能包括阅读短文、回答问题、判断正误、选择题等。

要求考生能够准确理解文中的信息，进行推理和推断，并能够正确回答问题。

听力专八考试的听力部分主要测试考生对法语听力材料的理解能力。

考生需要听取录音文件，并根据听到的内容回答问题。

听力材料可能包括对话、讲座、新闻等。

考生需要注意听力材料的细节信息，并能够准确地进行听力理解和回答问题。

口语专八考试的口语部分旨在考察考生的口语表达能力。

考试中可能包括自我介绍、问答、对话等形式。

要求考生能够流利、准确地用法语进行口语表达，并能够进行逻辑思维和有条理地回答问题。

写作专八考试的写作部分主要考察考生的写作能力。

考试中会出现不同类型的写作题目，包括议论文、文章摘要、看图写文等。

要求考生能够清晰表达观点，运用丰富的词汇和语法结构进行写作，并能够写出有逻辑性和连贯性的文章。

考试准备准备专八考试需要系统地学习和复习法语语法、词汇和阅读材料。

以下是一些建议：1.学习法语语法：熟悉法语语法规则，了解不同句型和时态的用法。

2.积累词汇：扩大法语词汇量，掌握常用词汇和短语，并学会使用它们。

3.阅读练习：多读法语原版书籍、杂志和报纸等，提高阅读理解能力。

4.听力练习：多听法语录音材料，提高听力理解能力和听写能力。

题型与评分：试题共分为7个部分(成绩单上简单地标为“题1”–“题7”)，满分为100分。

成绩等级标准：“优秀”(80–100分)，“良好”(70–79分)，“合格”(60 – 69分)，“不合格”(0–59分)；补考生只有“合格”(60分或以上成绩)和“不合格”(60分以下)两个等级。

“合格”及以上成绩获得者将获授证书。

【考试目的】法语八级考试目的在于考察高校法语专业高年级(3-4年级)学生对教学大纲要求的语言知识和语言技能掌握情况，以期促进这个阶段的教学和学习，并为教育部的工作提供参考。

此项考试成绩不在高校和考生间进行排名，与学期考试、学年考试、毕业考试以及文凭发放的关系由各高校自行决定。

各高校法语专业和广大法语教师应重视向学生讲授基本语言知识和国情知识，重视训练学生的基本语言能力，以培养能够满足国家和社会需要、具有良好素养的法语人才。

【考试简介】第一部分“听写”(Partie I « Dictée »，10分)：试卷上有一篇150字左右的短文，其中空有部分文字(20个单词或短语，每个0.5分)，考生有2分钟时间进行阅读准备，然后根据短文录音填写这些文字。

录音共放2遍。

考生最后有2分钟时间进行检查。

第二部分“听力”(Partie II « Compréhension orale »，10分)，分为两节：第一节(Section A，5分)：10小段情景对话录音，各附有一个问题和3个备选答案，放录音前考生有3分钟时间看题，每段对话听两遍，然后选择问题的答案(每个问题0.5 分)。

第二节(Section B，5分)：1篇短文录音，附有10个问题，每个问题有3个备选答案，放录音前学生有3分钟时间看题，然后听两遍短文，并用3分钟时间选择问题的答案(每个问题0.5分)。

对于上述两题，试卷附有录音带，全部内容按要求录制，只需从头至尾放一遍，中间不得进行停放、倒带和重放等操作。