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主谓一致导学案1.主谓二致是指句子的谓语动词与其主语在数上须保持一致。
2.英语中的主谓一致主要遵循(4 principles)意义一致原那么语法一致原那么就近原那么就远原那么一、导入Trump Card, (be) an indoor competition reality show launched by Zhejiang TV. Each episode (center) on a theme, inviting two teams to battle, of which the fixed captains(lead) several popular IP guests to PK. ShenTeng, a famous actor and director , (act) as the leader as well as a competitor of this show. All the team members(fight) for triumph through talent and game competition. The show is so popular that not only I but also my friends (like) it. The reason why the show has achieved such great success is that the team(have) entertained people with laughter . Thus, everybody thinks that the team(be) a wonderful one.一、四大原那么一)语法一致原那么：1. and连接的名词作主语1)指,不同的人或事，谓用复数Both Jia Ling and Guan Xiaotong(be) brilliant in the show.①Hua Chenyu and Guan Xiaotong(like) singing and dancing.2).指同一人或物时，谓用单数，and后名词前面没有冠词(如：a knife and fork； butter and bread)The actor and director often(amuse) people with unexpected behaviors.①The singer and the dancer always(give) us wonderful performance.Practice：①The singer and the composer(be) famous to many young people.② A poet and artist(be) invited to the show .③ A knife and fork(be) used for them to have meals.④ A young man and a girl(want) (o join them.⑤The singer and dancer(be) on the stage.2.each/neither/either+of + the+复数名词或代词在句中作主语时，谓语动词应该用;不定代词作主语时，(如someone ,somebody, something, anybody, anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing 等)谓语动词用。
同等学力英语语法之主谓一致一、总述主谓一致(subject-verb agreement )指谓语动词须在人称和数方面与主语保持一致。
主语和谓语动词在人称方面的一致比较简单，因为除了动词be 和have 有不同的人称形式外，其他动词只有单数第三人称现在时在其词尾加-s/-es，其余的人称在动词上并无特殊标记。
主语和谓语动词之间的数的一致比较复杂，是一致关系中的难点，也是考试中的侧重点。
在处理主谓一致关系时，通常遵循以下三个原则：1. 语法一致原则(principle of grammatical agreement)谓语动词与主语必须在语法形式上取得一致，即：主单，谓单;主复，谓复。
2. 概念一致原则(principle of notional agreement)谓语动词的单数或复数的形式取决于主语所表示的概念而不是主语的语法形式。
3. 就近原则(principle of proximity)谓语动词在人称和数的形式上和主语中最靠近的语词取得一致。
二、重要考点1. 集体名词作主语时，主语与谓语动词的一致如集体名词在句中意指整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式;如在句中意指其具体成员，谓语动词用复数形式。
这类集体名词包括：army, audience, class, committee, crowd, crew, couple, family, group, staff, team, public, cabinet, band 等。
例如：The population of the earth is increasing very fast.One third of the population here are farmers. The public has every reason to be cautious of professional deception.The public now know the whole story.2. 学科名称和疾病名称作主语时，主语与谓语动词的一致某些学科名称和疾病名称虽词尾加s 的形式，但这些词作主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。
高三英语知识点总结：主谓一致主谓一致(Subject- Verb Agreement)，指”人称”和”数方面的一致关系.如: He is going abroad. They are playing football. 可分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致.(一) 语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项:1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数.如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质.No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。
2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如:The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人)A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物)用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体,如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.如:Serving the people is my great happiness.为人民服务是我的幸福.When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。
Subject-verb agreement 主谓一致In the English language, the predicator (verb) should be in agreement with the subject in person and number. The basic principle of subject-verb agreement is that singular subjects require singular verbs and plural subjects require plural verbs.(1) The man with a new idea is a crank until the idea succeeds.---Mark Twain, American writer (具有新想法的人在其想法实现之前是个怪人。
---马克.吐温，美国作家)Success covers a multitude of blunders. ---George Bernard Shaw, British dramatist(成功是由大量的失误所铸就的。
---萧伯纳，英国剧作家)Creditors have better memories than debtors. ---Benjamin Franklin(放债的比借债的记忆力要好。
---本杰明.富兰克林)Natural abilities are like natural plants that need pruning by study.---Francis Bacon, British philosopher and essayist (天才就如同自然界的植物一样,需要靠学习来修剪。
---弗朗西斯.培根，英国哲学家，散文家) When collective nouns are used as the subject, it is rather difficult for us to choose the verbs in correct number. Some of them are always plural, such as cattle, clergy, folk, gentry, kindred, mankind, militia, people, personnel, police, vermin, youth, etc, so they require plural verbs. And a considerable number of collective nouns, for instance, army, audience, band, board, class, club, commission, committee, company, council, couple, crew, crowd, enemy, faculty, family, gang, government, group, institute, jury, mob, offspring, orchestra, party, population, public, staff, team, and so forth, require verbs in different numbers according to their difference in reference. They require singular verbs when referring to the whole group; plural verbs when referring to the members in the group. Still some of them always require singular verbs for they are regarded as singular with no exception, including clothing, crockery, cutlery, foliage, footwear, glassware, hardware, hosiery, jewelry, merchandise, millinery, poetry, scenery, stationary, underwear, etc. (2) Many people are allergic to insect bites, and some even have to go to hospital.(许多人都对昆虫的咬伤过敏，有些甚至得上医院。
主谓一致，是指主语和谓语动词要保持人称和数上的一致。
主谓一致的三个原则A 坚持向前看语法一致是指主语和谓语在单复数形式上的一致关系，主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；反之，谓语动词用复数形式。
My child has no intention of spending a vacation with me.My children have no intention of spending a vacation with me.B 坚持向后看。
意义一致是说谓语动词的单、复数要取决于主语所表达的概念，而不取决于表面上的语法标记。
1.主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。
The majority of primary school teachers are women.2.主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。
No news is good news. Billiards is becoming more and more popular in some cities.C 就近原则就近原则是指当主语由两个或两个以上名词或代词组成时，谓语动词的数要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数一致。
There is a square table and some chairs in the center of the dining-room. Either your students or William knows this.提示: 一般说来，究竟何时采用何种原则，应视英语习惯用法而定。
但在实际使用中，如果对上述三种原则捉摸不定时，遵循语法一致的原则是一种比较稳妥的方法。
并列主语的主谓一致A 由and连接的并列主语1.用and (或both...and) 连接并列主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。
A hammer and a saw are useful tools.当and连接的两个名词是指组合到一起的一件完整的或成套的东西，或表示同一个人或一种概念时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
Subject---V erb Agreement （主谓一致）高考中对主谓一致的考查重点：1.名词作主语时的谓语形式2.分隔情况下的主谓一致3.分数、百分数、不定式、动名词作主语时的主谓一致4.并列主语、定语从句和倒装句中的主谓一致Teaching aims:(目标引领)1.To master the basic rules of subject-verb agreement2.To develop students’ ability of cooperation and expressionTeaching procedures:Step1.Self-exploration(自我探究)主谓一致原则：1._________原则即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。
2_________原则即主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这时谓语动词用单数形式。
3.________ 原则即谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语4._________原则“主语+ 附属结构”作主语，谓语与主语一致Step2.Explanation and cooperation(精讲点拨&合作解疑)一．语法一致：1.当主语由and连结时，如果表示同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用_______，此时and后面的名词无冠词.如表示不同的人或物时, 谓语动词用________，此时and后面的名词有冠词。
The worker and writer ____(be) from Wuhan.The worker and the writer _____(be) from Beijing.The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A. isB. wasC. areD. were2.动词不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词常用________。
主谓一致Subject-Verb Agreement【教学目标】（T eaching aim）:掌握主谓一致的原则。
（G rasp the consistent rules of subject -Verb）【教学难点】(T eaching difficult point):掌握主谓一致应注意的几个问题。
(G rasp a few problems of consistent the rules of subject-Verb)【教学重点】（T eaching important points ）:1．语法形式上的一致。
(G rammar consistent)主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式：主语为复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。
2．意义上一致。
(T he meaning consistent)(1)主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。
单数形式表示复数意义的词有people, police, audience等。
3．就近原则( A ccording to the rules of nearest word)谓语动词的单、复数取决于最靠近它的主语，如there be句型或用连词either...or...，neither...nor...,not only...but also等。
4．要注意的几个问题。
( P ay attention to a few problems):(1)class, family, team, country, school等集合名词作主语时，如果指整体，用单数；如果指每个成员，用复数。
如：H is family are watching TV in the sitting room.H is family is very big.(2)trousers, shoes, glasses, socks, stockings, scissors单独作主语时，谓语动词用复数，但当它们与a pair of或pairs of连用时，谓语动词与pair的数保持一致。
1. Neither he nor I _____ for the plan.A. wereB. is C are D. am2. My family as well as I ____ glad to see you.A. wasB. isC. areD. am3. My father, together with some of his old friends, _____ there alreadyA. will beB. had beenC. has beenD. have been4. There are two roads and either _____ to the station.A. is leadingB. are leadingC. leadD. leads5. Nine plus three _____ twelve.A. are makingB. is makingC. makeD. makes6. Twenty miles _____ a long way to cover.A. seem to beB. isC. areD. were7. V ery few ____ his address in the town.A. has knownB. are knowingC. knowD. knows8. When and where this took place _____ still unknown.A. hasB. isC. wereD. are9. I know that all ____ getting on well with her.A. wereB. areC. isD. was10. The rest of the novel _____ very interesting.A. seemB. isC. areD. were11. Our family ____ a happy one.A. areB. wasC. areD. is12. The boy sitting by the window is the only one of the students who _____ from the countryside in our school.A. wasB. wereC. isD. are13. More than one answer _____ to the question.A. had givenB. were givenC. has been givenD. have been given14. The students in our school each _____ an English dictionary.A. are havingB. hadC. hasD. have15. The pair of shoes _____ worn out.A. had beenB. have beenC. wereD. was16. A professor and a writer ____ present at the meeting.A. had beenB. wereC. isD. was17. Those who ____ singing may join us.A. is fond ofB. enjoyC. likesD. are liking18. There _____ a knife and fork on the table.A. areB. is seeming to beC. seem to beD. seems to be19. Over 80 percent of the population ____workers.A. will beB. areC. isD. was20. The whole class ____ greatly moved at his words.A. isB. hadC. wereD. was21. The wounded ___ good care of here now.A. is takingB. are takingC. are being takenD. is taken22. Deer ___ faster than dogs.A. will runB. are runningC. runsD. run23. The police ___ a prisoner.A. are searched forB. is searchingC. are searching forD. is searching for24. It was reported that six ___ including a boy.A. had killedB. was killingC. were killedD. was killed25. The United Nations ___ in 1945.A. was foundB. was foundedC. were foundedD. were found26. I, who ___ your good friend, will share your joys and sorrows.A. wasB. areC. isD. am27. Between the two buildings ___ a monument.A. is standingB. standingC. standsD. stand28. Laying eggs ___ the ant queen’s full-time job.A. haveB. hasC. areD. is29. Peter, perhaps John, __ playing with the little dog.A. seemsB. wereC. areD. is30. Many a student ___ that mistake before.A. had madeB. has been madeC. have madeD. has made31. The Arabian Nights ___ well known to English lovers.A. is beingB. areC. wereD. is32. Y our new clothes fit you, but mine ___ me.A. don’t fit forB. doesn’t fit forC. don’t fitD. doesn’t fit33. Tom’s teacher and friend ___ Mr Smith.A. hasB. are beingC. isD. are34. All that can be eaten ___ eaten up.A. have beenB. had beenC. has beenD. are being35. Some person ___ calling for you at the gate.A. will beB. is beingC. isD. are36. On each side of the street ___ a lot of trees.A are grown B. is standing B. grow D. stands37. The number of the people who ___ cars ___ increasing.A. own….areB. own…isC. owns…isD. owns…are38. No one except Jack and Tom ___ the answer.A. are knowsB. is knowingC. knowsD. know39. Nothing but cars ___ in the shop.A. are going to sellB. were soldC. are sold D is sold40. Here is a message of importance to every man and every woman who ___.A. votesB. voteC. votingD. are voting41. Politics ___ one of the subjects that I study.A. areB. isC. wereD. was42. ___ already been interviewed.A. A number of applicants haveB. A number of applicants hasC. The number of applicants haveD. The number of applicants has43. ___ is misused in the sentence.A. A word or twoB. One or two wordsC. One and two wordsD. Many words44. There ___ priceless jewellery on display at the exhibition hall.A. areB. haveC. isD. has45. I am the one who___ wrong.A. amB. isC. areD. have been46. Each of the footballers ___ over 150 pounds.A. weighB. weighsC. weightsD. were weighing47. There is ___ rice.A. fewB. a fewC. manyD. a great deal48. Half of the material ___ away.A. has been takenB. are takenC. have been takenD. were taken49. The manager or his assistant ___ planning to go.A. wasB. wereC. beD. will50. There ___ in this room.A. are too many furnituresB. are too much furnitureC. are too much furnituresD. is too much furniture51. His brother rather than his parents ___.A. are to be blamedB. is to blameC. are to blameD. is to be blamed.52. What caused the accident and who was responsible for it ___ a mystery to us.A. has been remainedB. have been remainedC. remainD. remains53. To know merely the main facts ___ enough.A. areB. beC. beingD. is54. Watering the flowers and looking after the children ___ all I have to do every day.A. areB. isC. wasD. were55. Each boy and each girl ___ a new book.A. have goneB. has goneC. have gotD. has got56. American and Dutch beer ___ both much lighter than British.A. areB. isC. wereD. was57. It is not I but you who ___the first to run to the goal in that competition.A. isB. wasC. areD. is going to58. Every means ___ been tried since then.A. hasB. haveC. areD. is59. One and a half bananas ___on the table.A. are leftB. is leftC. have leftD. has left60. There ___ in this room.A. are too many roomsB. are too much roomC.. are plenty of rooms D .is plenty of room.61. Neither of them ______ going to the cinema. Both of them _____ going to the cinema.A. is ; areB. is ; isC. are ; wasD. are ; is62. All but one _____ here just now. All that I want to say ____ this.A. was; wereB. was; is c. were; is D. were; were63. A number of students ____ gone for an outing. The number of the students ______ increasing year.A. have; hasB. is; haveC. has; haveD. have; is64. Some of the oranges ______ turned bad. Some of the milk _______ turned sour (酸).A. have; hasB. have; haveC. has; haveD. have; is65. Each student -____ got an English- Chinese dictionary. The students each ______ a dictionary.A. have; hasB. has; haveC. have; haveD. has; has1-10 DCCDD BCBBB 11-20 DCCDD BBDBC 21-30 CDCCB DCDDD31-40 DCCCC CBCDA 41-50 BAACB BDAAD 51-60 BCDAD ACABD61—65 ACDAB。
