中考英语考点之过去完成时
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中考英语易错题专题三英语过去完成时(含解析)及解析一、初中英语过去完成时1.By the end of last month, we ______already ______ our lessons.A. has, finishedB. have, finishedC. had, finishedD. will, finish【答案】 C【解析】【分析】题意:到上个月末为止,我们已经结束了课程。
根据句意,应选C。
【点评】注意时间状语,很容易选出。
2.We are too tired. Please stop __________ a rest.A. to haveB. havingC. haveD. has【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:我们是在太累了,停下来休息一下吧。
stop to have a rest.固定搭配故选A【点评】注意时态一致,3.By the time I ________ on the TV, Beckham ________ two goals.A. turned; have scoredB. turned; had scoredC. had turned; have scoredD. had turned; had scored【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:当我打开电视的时候,贝克汉姆已经进了两个球。
本句是时间状语从句,by the time到…时候为止,用于一般过去时,可排除CD选项。
从句用一般过去时,主句用过去完成时,需用“had+过去分词”结构,可排除A;根据句意结构,可知,故选B。
【点评】考查动词时态辨析题。
4.Jake _____his key in the office so he had to wait until his wife _______ home.A. has forgotten … comesB. forgot… comeC. had left… cameD. had left…would come【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:杰克把他的钥匙丢在办公室了,因此他不得不等到他的妻子回家。
第十七关:过去完成时一、含义:过去某一时间前就已经发生或完成了的动作,对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或是结果,用来指在另一个过去行动之前就已经完成了的事件。
二、动词形式:had done三、关键词:1. by the end of 过去的时间.例句:By the end of last term, we had learned 5000 new words. 到上学期末,我们已经学了5000个新词。
2.By the time sb. +动词过去式例句:The bus had already left by the time I got there. 我到那儿时,公共汽车已经开走了。
3.By (the time of)+时间点例句:By the time of last year ,we had built two bridges. 到去年为止,我们已经建了两座桥。
【例题】By the time they got there, the concert______.A.was beginningB. had begun C .will begin【答案】B【解析】句意:当他们到达那里时,音乐会已经开始了。
考查动词时态辨析。
由题干中的时间状语“By the time they got there”可知此句时态应用过去完成时。
故选B。
years.A.workedB.would workC. had worked D .has worked【答案】C【解析】句意:直到去年年底为止,Roy已经在那家邮局工作30年了。
考查过去完成时。
介词by+表示过去的时间,表示“直到过去某个时间为止”,常用于过去完成时的句子中,其谓语动词结构为:had+过去分词。
故选C。
【例题】—Did you see the manager this morning?A . has leftB . left C.was leaving D . had left【答案】D【解析】句意:——你今天早上见到经理了吗?——没有。
让知识带有温度。
英语必考时态结构之过去完成时整理英语必考时态结构之过去完成时过去完成时(The Past Perfect Tense):表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作,对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或是结果,用来指在另一个过去行动之前就已经完成了的大事。
在英语时态中,“时“指动作发生的时间,”态“指动作的样子和状态。
它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”,侧重事情的结果。
下面是我为您收集整理的英语必考时态结构之过去完成时,供大家参考!英语必考时态结构之过去完成时过去完成时1. 概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。
2. 时间状语:before, by the end of last year(term, month),etc.3. 基本结构:had + done.否定形式:had + not + done.一般疑问句:had放于句首。
4. 用法1) 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句种。
第1页/共3页千里之行,始于足下。
例如:She said (that)she had never been to Paris. 她告知我她曾去过巴黎。
2) 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。
例如:When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时,小偷们早就跑了。
3) 表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean,suppose等,用过去完成时表示原本,未能。
例如:We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt. 那时我们盼望你能来,但是你没有来。
留意:had hardly when... 刚......就......。
(英语)中考英语过去完成时试题经典及解析一、初中英语过去完成时1.Mr. Smith ________ in a car factory for ten years before he came to China.A. had workedB. worksC. is workingD. will work【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:史密斯先生来中国前在一个汽车厂工作十年了。
根据before he came to China,可知他来汽车厂发生在来中国前,所以句子时态是过去完成时,had worked,故选A。
【点评】此题考查过去完成时。
根据时间状语确定句子时态。
2.By the time I finished my homework,my mother .A. sleptB. has been asleepC. was asleepD. had been asleep【答案】 D【解析】【分析】由上文“By the time ”和“ finished”可知此处应为过去完成时,故选D.【点评】考查过去完成时。
3.By the time the alarm clock went off, My mother had already _________.A. wake me upB. wake up meC. waken up meD. waken me up【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:闹钟响时,我妈妈已经把我叫起来了。
根据句意,动词应用过去完成时,用had +动词的过去分词。
wake up是动副结构,代词作宾语必须放中间,故选D。
【点评】考查本单元的目标句型,只要熟练背诵句型,找出答案很简单。
4.By the time I got to school, I realized that I ________ my backpack at home.A. have forgottenB. had forgottenC. have leftD. had left【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:我到学校的时候,我意识到我把书包忘在家里。
初三英语语法重点-过去完成时-详解过去完成时一、教材典句1.By the time l got outside, the bus had already left.当我出去时,公共汽车已经离开了。
2.By the time I walked into class, the teacher had started teaching already.当我走进教室时,老师已经开始讲课了。
仔细观察以上两句,不难发现时间状语从句都用了一般过去时态,主句都是发生在“过去的时间之前”,即过去的过去,应用过去完成时。
二、语法详解(一)过去完成时的定义及构成1.过去完成时定义:表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作,它表示动作所发生的时间是“过去的过去”。
2.过去完成时的构成过去完成时由“助动词had+动词的过去分词”构成(had用于各种人称和数)。
例如:She had arrived at the village before 8 o'clock last night.她在昨晚8点之前就到达了这个村庄。
(二)过去完成时的句式结构肯定句:had +过去分词否定句:hadn’t+过去分词一般疑问句:had 提前,放于句首(三)过去完成时的时间状语1.介词by (the end of)/ before+ 过去的时间例如:They had collected over 1,000 stamps by the end of last month.截至上个月末,他们已搜集了1000多张邮票。
2.与when, by the time, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句连用。
例如:When I got up this morning,my father had already gone to work. 今天早上我起床时,我的爸爸已经去上班了。
3.用于told, said, asked,heard,thought等动词的宾语从句中,从句的动作发生在主句动作之前。
一. 过去完成时的概念与结构概念:表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作,即“过去的过去( past-in-the-past )”。
构成:“助动词 had + 过去分词”,其中 had 通用于各种人称。
They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.在到达旅馆之前,他们已经吃过了早饭。
She had finished writing the composition by 10:00 this morning. 今天早晨10点之前,她已经写完了作文。
二. 过去完成时的用法用法 1.表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束,即发生在“过去的过去”。
例如:When I woke up, it had stopped raining.我醒来时,雨已经停了。
(雨停发生在醒来之前,即“过去的过去”)用法2. 表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始,一直延续到这一过去时间,而且动作尚未结束,仍然有继续下去的可能。
例如:By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years. 到去年年底为止,他已经在这个工厂工作了20年。
(到去年年底为止已工作了 20 年,还有继续进行下去的可能)三. 过去完成时的判断依据1. 由时间状语来判定一般说来,各种时态都有特定的时间状语。
与过去完成时连用的时间状语有:(1)by + 过去的时间点,例如:I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.到昨天晚上九点钟为止,我已经读完了这本小说。
(2)by the end of + 过去的时间点,例如:We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.到上学期末为止,我们已经学了两千多单词。
中考英语过去完成时、过去进行时过去将来时、时态一致原则1过去完成时规则动词的过去分词和它的过去式相同;不规则动词的过去分词需要特殊记住。
构成had doneHe had brushed teeth before he had breakfast.By the end of last month they had finished the work.23过去现在现在完成时过去完成时现在过去过去的过去过去完成时表示在过去之前已经完成的动作,即“过去的过去”。
4过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一动作之前已经完成或结束。
He before I . She me that she a new novel.had left arrivedtold had written现在过去过去的过去5现在过去过去的过去过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始,一直延续到这一过去时间,而且动作尚未结束,仍然有继续下去的可能。
By , my father here for two years. By , he eleven hours.the end of last year ten o'clock last night had lived had workedI have had dinner.×I had had dinner.I had had dinner before I went for a walk.I had had dinner before 8 o'clock last night.过去完成时是一个相对的时态,表示的是“过去的过去”,只有和过去某一时间或某一动作相比较,并且发生在其之前时才能使用。
6过去进行时构成was/were doingI watched TV last night.I was watching TV at 9 o'clock last night.I was watching TV when you knocked at the door.7表示过去某个时刻正在发生的动作。
2021最新中考英语考点梳理:过去完成时语法详解!一. 过去完成时的概念与结构概念:表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作,即“过去的过去(past-in-the-past )”。
构成:“助动词had + 过去分词”,其中had 通用于各种人称。
They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.在到达旅馆之前,他们已经吃过了早饭。
She had finished writing the composition by 10:00 this morning. 今天早晨10点之前,她已经写完了作文。
二. 过去完成时的用法用法 1.表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束,即发生在“过去的过去”。
例如:When I woke up, it had stopped raining.我醒来时,雨已经停了。
(雨停发生在醒来之前,即“过去的过去”)用法2. 表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始,一直延续到这一过去时间,而且动作尚未结束,仍然有继续下去的可能。
例如:By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years. 到去年年底为止,他已经在这个工厂工作了20年。
(到去年年底为止已工作了20 年,还有继续进行下去的可能)三. 过去完成时的判断依据1. 由时间状语来判定一般说来,各种时态都有特定的时间状语。
与过去完成时连用的时间状语有:(1)by + 过去的时间点,例如:I had finished reading the novel by nine o clock last night.到昨天晚上九点钟为止,我已经读完了这本小说。
(2)by the end of + 过去的时间点,例如:We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.到上学期末为止,我们已经学了两千多单词。
过去完成时是动词时态的基本形式之一,也是中考的一个常考内容。
对此,笔者就过去完成时的形式和主要用法进行了分析,以期同学们能够准确把握和运用。
一、过去完成时的形式过去完成时主要由“had+过去分词”构成,其形式如下:(1)肯定句:主语+had+过去分词+其他。
例如:By the end of last year,I had worked in the school for ten years.到去年年底,我已经在学校工作了十年。
When I called Tom,he had left the hotel.当我打电话给汤姆时,他已经离开酒店了。
(2)否定句:主语+hadn’t(had not)+过去分词+其他。
例如:The sun hadn’t risen when we got to the top of the mountain.当我们到达山顶时太阳还没有升起来。
The little boy sitting next to me on the plane was afraid,because he hadn’t flown be-fore.飞机上坐在我旁边的小男孩很害怕,因为他以前没有坐过飞机。
(3)一般疑问句:Had+主语+过去分词+其他,其肯定回答为“Yes,主语+had”,否定回答则为“No,主语+hadn’t”。
例如:—Had the basketball match begun when中考英语:过去完成时的考点归纳you got to the playground?—Yes,it had.——你到操场的时候篮球比赛已经开始了吗?——是的,它已经开始了。
二、过去完成时的主要用法1.表示过去某一时刻之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态,常与by,before,when等时间状语连用。
例如:The wind was still blowing,but the rain had stopped.风还在吹着,但雨已经停了。
人教版中考英语专项训练过去完成时X知识点总结及经典习题(含答案)一、初中英语过去完成时1.Mr. Wang ______ in this factory for 30 years already.A. worksB. is workingC. has workedD. will work【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:王先生在这个工厂工作已经30年了。
根据for 30 years already,可知句子为现在完成时,表示发生于过去的动作一直持续到现在。
C是现在完成时结构,故答案是C。
【点评】考查现在完成时,注意结合时间状语确定句子的时态和句子结构。
2.Before O'Shea hosted the Joy FM program in Beijing, he_______ in Hongkong for ten years.A. worksB. has workedC. had workedD. would work【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:O'Shea在北京主持Joy FM节目前,他已经在香港工作了10年了。
根据Before O'Shea hosted the Joy FM program in Beijing可知,主持节目这个动作发生在过去,而在香港呆了十年是发生在过去的过去,时态要用过去完成时(had +过去分词),故选C。
【点评】考查动词的时态。
牢记过去完成时的用法。
3.— Jack, would you like to see the new movie?— I'd love to, but I______ it already.A. am seeingB. will seeC. seeD. have seen【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:——杰克,你愿意去看这个新电影吗?——当然乐意,但是我已经看过了。
由already可知是完成时,所以用have done。
中考英语考点之过去完成时命题趋势:动词的时态和语态是中考出现频率较高的语法项目之一。
考题多以具体的语境为主,体现了对语法知识、语境理解、语言交际能力的综合考查。
过去完成时不是考频较高的一个知识点,但是是难度较大的一个知识点。
中考考查重点:过去完成时的用法和构成过去完成时的用法1. 表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作,即"过去的过去"。
通常与by,before连用。
We had learned 5,000 words by the end of last month. 到上个月底,我们已经学了5,000个单词。
2. 表示由过去的某一时刻开始,一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态,常和for, since构成的时间状语连用。
I had been at the bus stop for20minutes when a bus finally came.当公共汽车来的时候,我在车站已等了20分钟。
3. 过去完成时需要与一个表示过去的时间状语连用,它不能离开过去时间而独立存在此时多与already, yet, still, just, before, never等时间副词及by, before, until 等引导的短语或从句连用。
学科&网Before she came to China, Grace had taught English in a middle school for about five years.Peter had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was ten.4. 过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始,一直延续到这一过去时间,而且动作尚未结束,仍然有继续下去的可能。
By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years.(had worked 已有了20年,还有继续进行下去的可能)由时间状语来判定一般说来,各种时态都有特定的时间状语。
与过去完成时连用的时间状语有:1. by + 过去的时间点。
I had finished reading the novel by nine o’clock last night.2. by the end of + 过去的时间点。
We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.3. before + 过去的时间点。
They had planted six hundred tr ees before last Wednesday.过去完成时与一般过去时的区别虽然这两种时态都表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,但在使用时应注意以下几点:1. 时间状语不同:过去完成时在时间上强调"过去的过去";而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。
试比较:They had arriv ed at the station by ten yesterday.They arrived at the station at ten yesterday.2. 在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时,谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断:先发生的用过去完成时,后发生的则用一般过去时。
如:She was very happy. Her whole family were pleased with her, too. She had just won the first in the composition competition.3. 当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用and 或but 连接时,按时间顺序,只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时;另外,在before, after, as soon as 引导的从句中,由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间的先后,因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时。
如:He e ntered the room, turned on the light an d read an evening paper.I (had) called her before I left the office.过去完成时与现在完成时的区别现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去,但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响,与现在有关,其结构为"助动词have (has) + 过去分词";过去完成时则是一个相对的时态,它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去,更强调"过去的过去",只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时,才用到它。
试比较:I have learned 1000 Eng lish words so far. 到目前为止我已经学会了1000 个英语单词。
I had learned 1000 English words till then. 到那时为止我已经学会了1000 个英语单词。
—I’m sorry to keep you waiting. 对不起,让你久等了。
—Oh, not at all. I have been here only a few minutes. 没什么,我只等了几分钟。
("等"的动作从过去某一时间点持续到现在)—John returned home yesterday. 约翰昨天回到家的。
—Where had he been? 他去哪儿了?(答语中使用过去完成时是指约翰在returned home 之前去了哪些地方,即"过去的过去")过去完成时的构成had +动词的过去分词一、单项选择。
1. —What are Mr and Mrs Black doing?—They ___________ tea in the garden.A. are drinkingB. drankC. have drunkD. drink2. My mother often asks me ___________ early.A. get upB. got upC. getting upD. to get up3. Soon Wu Dong ___________ up with Li Lei, then they were neck and neck.A. taughtB. caughtC. boughtD. brought4. The car ___________ and stopped at the red traffic light.A. got onB. got offC. slowed downD. picked up5. Tom ___________ the CD player for two weeks.A. has lentB. has borrowedC. has boughtD. has had6. —Do you know ___________?—Sorry, but if he ___________ back, I ___________ you know as soon as possible.A. when will he be back, comes, will letB. when he will be back, will come, willletC. what time will he be back, will come,letD. what time he will be back, comes, will let7. We ___________ to the park if it is fine tomorrow.A. will goB. have goneC. go8. A new shoe factory will ___________ in this part of the city.A. be buildingB. be builtC. build9. —___________ all your thing s, Tom! I hate them here and there.—OK, Mom.A. Put upB. Put onC. Put downD. Put away10. —How about going hiking this weekend?—Sorry, I prefer ___________ rather than ___________.A. to stay at home; go outB. to go out; stay at homeC. staying at home; go outD. going out; stay at home二、填空。
1. When I returned home, he ___________(leave).2. By ten yesterday evening, she ___________(finish)writing.3. He ___________ (study)English for five years before he came here.4. It ___________ ___________(stop)raining when I wake up this morning.5. I ___________ (not read)the book because I had read it before.6. She said she ___________(be)born in 1992.7. When he ___________(come)to China two years ago he found people didn’t understand him atall though he ___________(learn)some Chinese in his own country.8. I saw Han Mei yesterday. We ___________(not see)each other since left Beijing.9. When I got to his home, he ___________(go)to bed.10. She asked if Mr. Li ___________ already ___________(come)back.1. (2018 • 内蒙古包头中考)—Has your daughter come back from Australia?—Yes. She ___________ there for three years.A. has stayedB. staysC. stayedD. had stayed2. (2017 •上海中考)Several journalists ___________ the lawyer about the international case an hour ago.A. interviewB. interviewedC. will interviewD. had interviewed3. (2018•绥化中考)He asked me ___________.A. if I would go skating with himB. when did I buy the CDC. that I had a good time4.(2018 • 湖北咸宁中考)—High-speed trains, Mobile payment, Sharing bikes and Onlineshopping are called "four new great inventions" of modern China.—They ___________ our daily lives more convenient.A. have madeB. had madeC. have been madeD. made5. (2016•天津中考)—What a nice watch! How long ___________ you ___________ it?—For just two weeks.A. will; buyB. have; hadC. were; havingD. did; buy6. (2016•山东泰安中考)—Have you ever climbed Mount Tai, Carol?—Yes. I ___________ in Taishan for a week last year and reached the top of it twice.A. had stayedB. stayC. stayedD. have stayed1. (天津市第一中学2018届九年级下学期第三次月考)So far they ___________ to speak fourlanguages. Sometimes they ___________ them.A. have learned; have mixedB. have learned; mixC. learned; mixD. learned; mixed2. (河北省武邑中学2019届九年级上学期第二次月考)—We have a successful school celebration.—That’s true. Our chairperson ________ all the students _______ his good speech.A. impressed; byB. has impressed; withC. made; byD. has made; with3. (海南省海南中学2018届九年级中招模拟考试)Unless you ________ your ID card, the teacher won’t let you in.A. will haveB. haveC. had4. (2016 • 湖北鄂州名校模考)—Amy, can we give away these soft toys? We ___________ themfor many years.—Mom, but I want to keep the bear.A. boughtB. hadC. have boughtD. have had5.(2016 • 北京大兴区中考模拟)If you ___________ up late, you will feel tired the next day.A. will stayB. have stayedC. stayD. were staying6.(2016 • 广西贵港名校模考)— Do you know anything about the 31st Olympic Games?—Yes. The Games ___________ in Brazil in August this year.A. will be heldB. will holdC. is holdingD. was held7. (2016 • 江西高安中考模拟)Many students ___________ chances to show themselves in classbecause the class size is too big.A. don’t giveB. aren’t givenC. haven’t givenD. won’t give8.(2016 • 天津宝坻区中考考前模拟)—Have you finished your composition?—Not yet. I’ll finished it if I ___________ ten more minutes.A. giveB.am givenC. will giveD. will be given9.(2016 • 石家庄九年级考前模拟)You ___________ the first prize in the English speech contest.Congratulations!A. winB. wonC. have wonD. will win10.(2016 • 郑州市中考模拟)The child without parents ___________ good care of by his teachersin this special school.A. is takenB. are takenC. takeD. takes11. (2017 • 湖北省南漳县中考适应性考试)—Did you go to school yesterday?—Yes, I did. But I was late. When I got to school, Mr. Zhang ___________ his lessons.A. has already begunB. had already begunC. has begun yetD. had begun yet12. (2017 • 江苏省沛县胡寨中学九年级月考试卷)By the end of last month, I ___________ all the CDs of Justin Bieber.A. collectB. collectedC. have collectedD. had collected13. (2017 • 浙江省杭州市九年级月考)If it had been fine yesterday, we could have watched that air show. But it ___________ all day.A. has rainedB. had rainedC. rainedD. rains14.(2017 • 黑龙江省大庆市杜尔伯特县九年级月考)The writer told us that he ___________ a great number of short stories in the last few years.A. wroteB. was writtenC. has writtenD. had written15. (2017 • 陕西省咸阳市三原县中考模拟)—Did you meet the professor at the airport?—No, he ___________ by the time I ___________ there.A. had left;gotB. has left;reachedC. was leaving;gotD. left;had got【跟踪训练】一、单项选择。