st371-18 joint rv 02
- 格式:pdf
- 大小:506.65 KB
- 文档页数:22
AXIS P3715-PLVE Network Camera2x2MP dual sensor multidirectional camera with360°IRAXIS P3715-PLVE offers two channels with2MP per channel,at a frame rate of30fps.With its unique peanut-shaped dome design,this multidirectional camera offers cost-effective installation and flexible positioning of both varifocal camera heads.Each head can be controlled individually,so you can capture scenes in two directions in wide angle or zoomed-in views.It features Axis Lightfinder and Axis Forensic WDR for true colors and great details in challenging or poor light.And,remote zoom and focus capabilities ensures fast and accurate installation.Furthermore,Zipstream with support for H.264significantly lowers bandwidth and storage requirements.>2x2MP,multidirectional camera,with one IP address>Pan,tilt,rotate capabilities>360°IR illumination and remote zoom and focus>Axis Lightfinder and Forensic WDR>Zipstream with support for H.264DatasheetAXIS P3715-PLVE Network Camera CameraImage sensor2x1/2.8”progressive scan RGB CMOSLens Varifocal,3-6mm,F1.8-2.62x1080p capture mode:Horizontal field of view:95-48°Vertical field of view:52°-26°Diagonal field of view:110°-52°Motorized focus,motorized zoomDay and night Automatically removable infrared-cut filterMinimum illumination Color:0.17lux at50IRE,F1.8B/W:0.04lux at50IRE,F1.8,0lux with IR illumination onShutter speed1/32500s to2s with50Hz1/32500s to2s with60Hz Camera angleadjustmentPan±110°,tilt±75°,rotation±170°VideoVideo compression H.264(MPEG-4Part10/AVC)Baseline,Main and High Profiles Motion JPEGResolution2x1920x1080(2x HDTV1080p)to640x360Frame rate Up to25/30fps(50/60Hz)in all resolutionsVideo streaming Multiple,individually configurable streams in H.264and Motion JPEGAxis Zipstream technology in H.264Controllable frame rate and bandwidthVBR/ABR/MBR H.264Image settings Saturation,contrast,brightness,sharpness,Forensic WDR,white balance,day/night threshold,exposure mode,exposure zones,compression,rotation:0°,90°,180°,270°including CorridorFormat,mirroring,dynamic text and image overlay,polygonprivacy maskAudioAudio input/output Two-way audio connectivity via optional AXIS T61Audio and I/O Interfaces with portcast technologyNetworkSecurity Password protection,IP address filtering,HTTPS a encryption,IEEE802.1x(EAP-TLS)a network access control,digestauthentication,user access log,centralized certificatemanagement,brute force delay protection,signed firmware,protection of cryptographic keys with FIPS140-2certified TPM2.0moduleSupported protocols IPv4,IPv6USGv6,HTTP,HTTP/2,HTTPS a,SSL/TLS a,QoS Layer3DiffServ,FTP,SFTP,CIFS/SMB,SMTP,Bonjour,UPnP®,SNMPv1/v2c/v3(MIB-II),DNS,DynDNS,NTP,RTSP,RTP,SRTP,TCP,UDP, IGMPv1/v2/v3,RTCP,ICMP,DHCPv4/v6,ARP,SOCKS,SSH,LLDP, MQTT v3.1.1,SyslogSystem integrationApplication Programming Interface Open API for software integration,including VAPIX®and AXIS Camera Application Platform;specifications at One-Click Cloud ConnectionONVIF®Profile G,ONVIF®Profile S,specification at Onscreen controls IR illumination AutofocusEvent conditions Analytics,external input,supervised external input,edge storage events,virtual inputs through APIDevice status:above operating temperature,above or belowoperating temperature,below operating temperature,casingopen,IP address removed,network lost,new IP address,storagefailure,system ready,within operating temperatureEdge storage:recording ongoing,storage disruptionI/O:manual trigger,virtual inputScheduled and recurring:scheduled eventVideo:average bitrate degradation,day-night mode,live streamopen,and tamperingEvent actions Day/night vision mode,overlay text,record video,send images, send notification,send SNMP trap,send video clip,status LEDFile upload:FTP,HTTP,HTTPS,network share,SFTP and emailNotification:email,HTTP,HTTPS,TCP and SNMP trap Data streaming Event dataBuilt-ininstallation aidsFocus assistant,pixel counter,remote focus,remote zoom AnalyticsApplications IncludedAXIS Motion Guard,AXIS Fence Guard,AXIS Loitering GuardAXIS Video Motion Detection,active tampering alarmSupport for AXIS Camera Application Platform enablinginstallation of third-party applications,see /acap GeneralCasing IP66-,IP67-,NEMA4X-rated,IK10impact-resistant,aluminium and plastic casing with polycarbonate hard-coated dome,sunshield(PC)Color:white NCS S1002-BDome intrusion switchFor repainting instructions of casing and impact on warranty,contact your Axis partner.Mounting Mounting bracket with junction box holes(double-gang,single-gang,4”square,and4”octagon)¼”-20UNC tripod screw thread½”(M20)conduit side entryFor more accessories,see Sustainability PVC freeMemory1024MB RAM,512MB FlashPower Power over Ethernet(PoE)IEEE802.3af/802.3at Type1Class3Typical7.06W,max12.95WConnectors Shielded RJ4510BASE-T/100BASE-TX PoEAudio and I/O connectivity via AXIS T61Audio and I/O Interfaceswith portcast technologyIR illumination Four individually controllable IR with power-efficient,long-life850nm IR LEDsRange of reach15m(50ft)or more depending on the scene Storage Support for microSD/microSDHC/microSDXC cardSupport for SD card encryption(AES-XTS-Plain64256bit)Recording to network-attached storage(NAS)For SD card and NAS recommendations see Operatingconditions–30°C to50°C(-22°F to122°F)Humidity10–100%RH(non-condensing)Maximum temperature according to NEMA TS2(2.2.7):74°C(165°F)Storageconditions-40°C to65°C(-40°F to149°F)Humidity5-95%RH(non-condensing)Approvals EMCEN55032Class A,EN55035,EN61000-6-1,EN61000-6-2,FCC Part15Subpart B Class A,ICES-3(A)/NMB-3(A),KC KN32Class A,KC KN35,RCM AS/NZS CISPR32Class A,VCCI Class ASafetyIEC/EN/UL62368-1,IEC/EN62471,IEC/EN/UL60950-22,CAN/CSA-C22.2No.60950-22,IS13252EnvironmentIEC60068-2-1,IEC60068-2-2,IEC60068-2-6,IEC60068-2-14,IEC60068-2-27,IEC60068-2-78,IEC/EN60529IP66/IP67,IEC/EN62262IK10,NEMA250Type4X,NEMA TS2(2.2.7-2.2.9) Dimensions Height:87.6mm(3.4in)Width:133mm(5.2in)Length:208mm(8.1in)Height with sunshield:126mm(4.9in)Weight905g(1.9lb)IncludedaccessoriesInstallation guide,Windows®decoder1-user license,TORX®T20bit,sunshieldOptionalaccessoriesAXIS T6101Audio and I/O InterfaceAXIS T6112Audio and I/O InterfaceAXIS T94N02D Pendant KitFor more accessories,see VideomanagementsoftwareAXIS Companion,AXIS Camera Station,video managementsoftware from Axis Application Development Partners availableat /vmsLanguages English,German,French,Spanish,Italian,Russian,SimplifiedChinese,Japanese,Korean,Portuguese,Polish,Traditional Chinese Warranty5-year warranty,see /warrantya.This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit.(),and cryptographic software written by Eric Young (*****************).Environmental responsibility: /environmental-responsibility©2020-2021Axis Communications AB.AXIS COMMUNICATIONS,AXIS,ARTPEC and VAPIX are registered trademarks ofAxis AB in various jurisdictions.All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.We reserve the right tointroduce modifications without notice.T10148460/EN/M7.6/2102。
tek371操作手册【原创版】目录1.Tek371 操作手册概述2.手册中的主要章节和内容3.如何使用 Tek3714.注意事项和安全信息5.结论正文1.Tek371 操作手册概述Tek371 操作手册是一本详细说明如何使用 Tek371 设备的指南。
该手册包含设备的基本信息,操作步骤,注意事项和安全信息等,以帮助用户更好地理解和使用设备。
2.手册中的主要章节和内容Tek371 操作手册主要包括以下几个章节:(1)设备概述:介绍设备的基本信息,如设备型号,主要功能,适用范围等。
(2)安装与设置:说明如何安装设备,以及如何进行基本设置。
(3)操作步骤:详细介绍如何使用设备,包括设备的启动,运行,关闭等步骤。
(4)注意事项和安全信息:提醒用户在使用设备时需要注意的事项,以及如何保证使用安全。
(5)维护与维修:说明如何进行设备的日常维护,以及如何处理可能出现的问题。
3.如何使用 Tek371在使用 Tek371 设备之前,需要首先阅读操作手册,了解设备的基本信息和操作步骤。
在实际操作中,需要按照手册中的步骤进行,以确保设备的正常运行和使用安全。
4.注意事项和安全信息在使用 Tek371 设备时,需要注意以下几点:(1)设备启动前,需要进行检查,确保设备连接正常,电源开启。
(2)设备运行中,不要进行无关操作,以免影响设备运行。
(3)设备关闭后,需要进行必要的清理和维护,以保证设备的使用寿命。
(4)在使用设备时,需要遵守相关的安全规定,以防发生意外。
5.结论总的来说,Tek371 操作手册是一本非常重要的指南,可以帮助用户更好地理解和使用设备。
赛默飞培养箱371特点赛默飞(Thermo Fisher Scientific)的Heracell 150i系列培养箱是其经典产品之一,而Thermo Scientific Heracell 371 CO₂培养箱也是其中特别受欢迎的型号。
以下是关于赛默飞培养箱371的认真介绍:赛默飞 Heracell 371 CO₂培养箱一、赛默飞培养箱371产品概述Thermo Scientific Heracell 371 CO₂培养箱专为细胞培养设计,供应的温度掌控、CO₂浓度调整和湿度掌控,确保细胞在最佳条件下生长。
其先进的技术和高效的设计使其在生物医学、药物研发和生物技术等领域得到广泛应用。
二、赛默飞培养箱371产品特点精准明确温控温度掌控范围:室温+5℃至50℃,适合大多数细胞和组织培养需求。
掌控精度:温度掌控精度为0.1℃,确保温度的稳定性。
均匀性:优越的温度均匀性,通常为0.3℃,避开培养箱内部温度梯度。
CO₂浓度掌控传感器类型:高性能红外CO₂传感器,精准明确监测和调整CO₂浓度。
掌控范围:CO₂浓度020%,精度为0.1%,模拟体内细胞环境,维持培养基的pH稳定性。
湿度掌控湿度保持:通过水盘或超声波加湿系统掌控湿度,相对湿度可保持在95%以上,减少培养基的蒸发,保持细胞的正常生理状态。
无菌环境抗菌内壁:内壁采用抗菌不锈钢料子,防止污染。
过滤系统:配备HEPA过滤器,确保内部空气的干净。
消毒功能:一些型号具备紫外线消毒功能,有效减少污染风险。
用户友好界面显示屏:直观的LCD显示屏和触控界面,方便用户设置和监控温度、CO₂浓度和湿度等参数。
报警功能:温度、CO₂浓度、湿度异常报警,提高试验的安全性和可靠性。
多重安全保护超温保护:内置超温保护功能,防止设备过热。
低水位报警:水位不足时自动报警,确保湿度维持。
CO₂浓度异常报警:CO₂浓度异常时自动报警,保护试验样品。
三、赛默飞培养箱371技术规格温度掌控范围:室温+5℃至50℃温度掌控精度:0.1℃温度均匀性:0.3℃CO₂掌控范围:020%CO₂掌控精度:0.1%相对湿度:可达95%以上内部容积:通常在150L左右,具体依据型号而定显示屏:LCD触控屏,实时显示各项参数安全保护:超温保护、低水位报警、CO₂浓度报警等四、赛默飞培养箱371应用领域细胞培养:广泛应用于哺乳动物细胞、干细胞、原代细胞及细胞系的培养,确保细胞在稳定的环境中生长。
tek371操作手册摘要:1.Tek371 概述2.安装与配置3.操作方法4.常见问题与解决5.安全注意事项6.维护与保养正文:【Tek371 概述】Tek371 是一款高性能的设备,适用于各种工业生产场景。
它具有稳定的性能,可靠的质量和便捷的操作方式。
本手册将为您提供详细的使用指南,帮助您充分发挥设备的性能优势。
【安装与配置】在安装Tek371 前,请确保您已经详细阅读了设备的安装手册。
安装过程中,请遵循以下步骤:1.确定设备安装位置,保证其具有良好的通风条件和足够的操作空间。
2.设备连接电源,检查电源电压是否符合设备要求。
3.连接设备与控制系统,确保连接稳定。
配置方面,您需要根据实际生产需求对设备进行相关参数的设置。
具体操作可参考设备的使用说明书。
【操作方法】Tek371 设备的操作分为以下几个步骤:1.启动设备:在控制系统中选择Tek371 设备,点击启动按钮。
2.设备自检:设备启动后,会进行自检,确保各部件正常运行。
3.参数设置:根据生产需求,调整设备参数,如速度、温度等。
4.物料准备:将待加工物料放入设备进料口。
5.开始生产:在控制系统中选择生产模式,点击开始按钮,设备将自动进行生产。
【常见问题与解决】在使用Tek371 设备过程中,可能会遇到一些常见问题。
以下为部分问题的解决方法:1.设备无法启动:请检查电源连接是否正常,电压是否符合要求。
2.设备运行中突然停止:请检查设备是否过载,或电源是否出现故障。
3.设备参数设置不准确:请参照使用说明书,重新设置参数。
【安全注意事项】在使用Tek371 设备时,请务必遵守以下安全规定:1.设备运行时,请勿用手直接触摸。
2.非专业人员,请勿拆卸设备。
3.设备出现故障时,请立即停止使用,并联系售后服务人员。
【维护与保养】为确保Tek371 设备的正常运行,延长设备使用寿命,请定期进行维护和保养:1.定期检查设备各部件连接是否松动。
2.定期为设备润滑,减少摩擦。
管道专业英文缩略语对照P 管子Pipe EL 弯头Elbow ELL 长半径弯头Long radius elbow ELS 短半径弯头Short radius elbow MEL 斜接弯头(虾米腰弯头)Mitre elbow REL 异径弯头Reducing elbow T 三通Tee LT 斜三通Lateral tee RT 异径三通Reducing tee R 异径管接头(大小头)Reducer CR 同心异径管接头(同心大小头)Concentric reducer ER 偏心异径管接头(偏心大小头)Eccentric reducer CPL 管箍Coupling FCPL 双头管箍Full coupling HCPL 单头管箍Half coupling RCPL 异径管箍Reducing coupling BU 内外螺纹接头Bushing UN 活接头Union HC 软管接头Hose coupler SE 翻边短节Stub end NIP 短节Pipe nipple or straight nipple SNIP 异径短节Swaged nipple CP 管帽(封头)Cap PL 管堵(丝堵)Plug BLK 盲板Blank SB 8 字盲板Spectacle blind (blank)RP 补强板Reinforcing pad 法兰缩写中文名称英文名称PLG 法兰Flange WNF 对焊法兰Welding neck flange SOF 平焊法兰Slip-on flange SWF 承插焊法兰Socket-welding flange T 螺纹法兰Threaded flange LJ 松套法兰Lapped joint flange REDF 异径法兰Reducing flange BF 法兰盖(日法兰)Blind flange FSF 法兰密封面Flange scaling face FF 全平面Flat face RF 凸台面Raised face MFF 凹凸面Male and female face LF 凹面Female face LM 凸面Male face RJ 环连接面Ring joint faceTG 榫槽面Tongue and groove face TF 榫面Tongue face GF 槽面Groove face 垫片缩写中文名称英文名称G 垫片Gasket NMG 非金属垫片Non-metallic gasket AG 石棉垫片Asbestos gasket RG 橡胶垫片Rubber gasket TEG 聚四氟乙烯包复垫片PTFE envelope gasket SMG 半金属垫片Semimetallic gasket MJG 金属包垫片Meta-jacket gasket SWG 缠绕式垫片Spiral wound gasket MG 金属垫片Metallic gasket FMG 金属平垫片Flat metallic gasket SMSG 齿形金属垫片Solid metal serrated gasket LER 透镜式金属环垫Lens ring gasket OCR 八角形金属环垫Octagonal ring gasket OVR 椭圆形金属环垫Oval ring gakset IR/OR 内外定位环Inner ring and outer ring IR 内定位环Inner ring OR 外定位环Outer ring 坚固件缩写中文名称英文名称B 螺栓Bolt SB 螺柱Stud bolt NU 螺母Nut TB 花蓝螺母Turnbuckle WSR 垫圈Washer SWSR 弹簧垫圈Spring washer 阀门缩写中文名称英文名称GV 闸阀Gate valve GLV 截止阀Globe valve CHV 止回阀Check valve BUV 蝶阀Butterfly valve BAV 球阀Ball valve PV 旋塞阀Plug valve (cock)CV 调节阀Control valve SV 安全阀Safety valve RV 减压阀Pressure reducing valve ST 蒸汽疏水阀Steam trap PRV 泄压阀Pressur relief valve BV 呼吸阀Breather valve NV 针形阀Needle valve AV 角阀DV 隔膜阀TWV 三通阀SGV 插板阀管道上用的小型设备缩写中文名称英文名称SPR 气液分离器Separator FA 阻火器Flame arrester SR 过滤器Strainer SRY Y 型过滤器Y-type strainer SRT T 型过滤器T-type strainer SRB 桶式过滤器Bucket type strainer TSR 临时过滤器Temporary strainer SIL 消声器Silencer SG 视镜Slight glass SC 取样冷却器Sample cooler DF 排液漏斗Drain funnel LM 管道混合器Line mixer RO 限流孔板Restriction orifice MO 混合孔板Mixing orifice RD 爆破片(爆破膜)Rupture disk EJ 补偿器Expansion joint 隔热、伴热中文名称英文名称INS 隔热Thermal insulation H 保温Hot insulation C 保冷Cold insulation P 防烫伤隔热Personnel protection insulation T&I 伴热Tracing and insulation 管道伴热(冷)Tracing EST 蒸汽外伴热External steam tracing IST 蒸汽内伴热Internal steam tracing SJT 蒸汽夹套伴热Steam-jacket tracing ET 电伴热Electric tracing 配管材料和等级缩写中文名称英文名称M 金属材料Metallic material CS 碳钢Carbon steel CAS 铸钢Cast steel FS 锻钢Forged steel AS 合金钢Alloy steel SS 不锈钢Stainless steel AUST SS 奥氏体不锈钢Austenitic stainless-steel CI 铸铁Cast iron MI 可锻铸铁Malleable iron DI 球墨铸铁Ductile iron AL 铝Aluminum BRS 黄铜Brass BRZ 青铜Bronze CU 紫铜Copper LAS 低合金钢Low alloy steel FLAS 低合金锻钢Forged low alloy steel CLAS 低合金铸钢Cast low alloy steel THK 壁厚Thickness SCH 表号Schedule number STD 标准Standard XS 加强Extra strong XXS 特强Double extra strong 装置布置缩写中文名称英文名称CN 建北Construction north E 东East W 西West S 南South N 北North H 水平Horizontal V 竖直、铅直、直立Vertical GRD 地坪Ground UG 地下Underground BL 装置边界线Battery limit line ESEW 事故沐浴洗眼器Emergency shower and eye washer HS 软管站Hose station ML 接续分界线Match line PS 管道支架(管架)Piping support PR 管桥Pipe rack STRU 构架(构筑物)Structure BLDG 建筑物Building PD 清扫设施Purge device PT 池Pit SHLT 棚Shelter COFF 围堰Cofferdam FL 楼板Floor PF 平台Plateform 尺寸标注缩写中文名称英文名称EL 标高Elevation BOP 管底Bottom of pipe COP 管中心Center of pipe TOP 管顶Top of pipe FOB 底平Flat on bottom FOT 顶平Flat on top CL(屯)中心线Center line TL 切线Tangent line SYM 对称的Symmetrical BOS 支架底Bottom of support TOS 支架顶Top of support CL 净距(净空)Clearance CTC 中心至中心Center to center CTF 中心至面Center to face CTE 中心至端部Center to end ETE 端到端End to end FEF 法兰端面Flange and face FTF 面到面Face to face D 直径Diameter DN 公称直径Nominal diameter ID 内径Inside diameter OD 外径Outside diameter DIM 尺寸Dimension MAX 最大Maximum MIN 最小Minimum AVG 平均Average APP 约、近似Approximate PT.EL 点标高Point elevation 图表缩写中文名称英文名称PFD 工艺流程图Process flow diagram PID 管道和仪表流程图Piping & instrument diagram COD 接续图Continued on drawing DTL 详图Datail SPDWG (ISODWG)管段图Spool drawing (each line isometric drawing)DWGNO 图号Drawing number DWGI 所在图号Drawing identification LOW 材料表List of material MTO 汇料Material take-off APPX 附录Appendix JOB. No. 工号Job Number BEDD 基础工程设计数据Basic engineering design data DEDD 详细工程设计数据Detail engineering design data REV. No. 修改号Recision number REF DWG 参考图Reference drawing SC 采样接口Sample connection 操作方式及工作参数缩写中文名称英文名称AUT 自动Automatic ML 手动Manual control CHOP 链条操作Chain operated CSC 铅封关Car seal close CSO 铅封开Car seal open LC 锁闭Lock closed LO 锁开Lock open NC 正常关Normally close NO 正常开Normally open ATM 大气压Atmosphere PN 公称压力Nominal pressure A 绝压G 表压(T)温度Temperature (P)压力Pressure 施工缩写中文名称英文名称W 焊接Welding AW 电弧焊Arc welding GSAW 气体保护电弧焊Gas shielded-acr welding EFW 电熔焊Elecric fusion welding ERW 电阻焊Electric Resistance welding GW 气焊Gas welding LW 搭接焊Lap welding BW 对焊Butt welding TW 定位焊Tack welding SW 承插焊Socket welding CW 连续焊Continuous welding SEW 密封焊Seal welding SFG 堆焊Surfacing FW 现场焊接Field welding HT 热处理Heat treatment PH 预热Preheating SR 应力消除Stress relief PWHT 焊后热处理Post weld heat treatment EIT 检查、探伤和实验Examination, inspection & testing VE 外观检查Visual examination UI (UT)超声探伤Ultrasonic inspection (test)RI (RT)射线探伤Radiographic inspection (test)MPI (MT)磁粉探伤Magnetic particle inspection (test)LPI (PT)液体渗透检验Liquid penterant inspection (test)HADT 硬度实验Hardness testing HYDT 水压实验Hydraulic testing PNET 气压实验Pneumatic testing 焊条Covered electrode WW 焊丝Welding wire ASSY 装配、组合Assembly F 现场Field F/F 现场制造Field faricated SF 现场决定Suit in field CSP 冷紧Cold spring BCT 螺栓冷紧Bolt cold tightening BHY 螺栓热紧Bolt hot tightening CO 清洗口Clean out ANNY 退火Annealed PE 平端面Plain end BE 坡口端Belelled end THR 螺纹Thread HB 布氏硬度Brinnel hardness RC 洛氏硬度其他缩写中文名称英文名称FDN 基础Foundation INF 信息(资料)Information REF 参考Reference REV 修改Revision SEQ 序号(顺序)Sequence W/E 设备带来With equipment W/I 仪表带来With instrument CM 色标Colour mark CA 腐蚀裕度Corrosion allowance UTL 公用系统Utility UC 公用工程接头Utility connection QTY 数量Quantity WT 重量Weight MHR 工时Man hour BC 螺栓分布圆Bolt circle HP 高点High point LP 低点Low point SUC 吸入(口)Suction DIS 排出(口)Discharge SO 蒸气吹扫(口)Steam out NPT 美国标准锥管螺纹National standard taper pipe thread NPS 美国标准直管螺纹National standard straight pipe thread DR 排液Drain VT 放气Vent RTG (压力)等级Rating CL 等级Class SMLS 无缝Seamless管道结构专业术语-中英文对照管道结构专业术语(中英文对照)A above-ground conduit (pipeline) 地上管道2.0.4 accessible duct 通行地沟2.0.30 acrylonitrile butadiene stryene pipe (ABS) ABS 工程塑料管3.1.22 active earth pressure 主动土压力4.2.12 adaptor slab 井筒盖板6.3.5 aerial crossing structure 跨越结构4.4.23 air-tight test 气密性试验7.0.30 anchor 固定墩2.0.50 arriving shaft 终端工作坑7.0.16 asbestos-ciment pipe(ACP) 石棉水泥管3.1.15B backfill 回填土7.0.23 bearing pressure distribution diagram 地基反力图形4.4.15 bedding angle 基础(座)中心角4.4.7 bend 弯管6.1.2 bending test 弯曲试验4.3.15 beveled pipe 斜口管3.2.13 Boussinecq pressure bulb 布氏压力图形4.4.16 box (rectangular) conduit 矩形管道3.2.2 breadth of conduit 管道宽度4.1.2 breadth of trench 槽宽4.4.11 buried conduit (pepeline) 埋地管道2.0.3 butt and strap joint 抹带接头5.1.16C cable duct 电缆沟2.0.29 cap 盖堵6.1.8 cast in place collar joint 现浇套环接头5.1.20 cast in place joint 现浇接头(缝) 5.1.30 cast-in-place (situ) conduit 现浇管道3.2.16 cast iron pipe (CIP) 铸铁管3.1.3 caulking 填料、捻缝5.1.23 cement mortar lining 水泥砂浆内衬7.0.31 cement mortat with steel mesh strap joint 抹带接头 5.1.17 centrifugal process 离心法3.3.1 chamber 井室、检查室6.3.2 chemically prestressed concrete pipe 自应力混凝土管3.1.11 circular conduit 园形管道3.2.1 coating 涂层2.0.45 coefficient of vertical earth pressure 竖向土压力系数4.2.9 collar type joint 套管(筒)式接头5.1.5 combined drainage conduit (pipeline) 合流管道2.0.15combined duct 综合管道、共同沟2.0.32 compaction around the pipe with relatively untamped above thetop of pipe 中松侧实法7.0.25 compaction the two sides of pipe 胸腔夯实7.0.24 compansator 补偿器6.2.1 composite crossing 组合跨越4.4.26 composit pope 复合管3.1.26 concrete cradle 混凝土管基(管座) 4.4.10 concrete pipe (CP) 混凝土管3.1.8 conduit 管道2.0.1 conduit section 管道截面4.1.1 continuous casting process 连续浇铸法3.3.2 cooling water popeline 冷却水管道2.0.21 core vibrated casting process 芯模震捣法3.3.7 core winding process 管芯缠丝法3.3.10 corrosion prevetive of pipes 管道防腐2.0.51 corrugated pipe 波纹管3.2.7 corpling of borsing 卡箍式管接头6.2.6 coverslab 井筒盖板6.3.5 crack wodth calculation 裂度宽度验算4.4.6 cracking load under tbree-edge bearing test 裂缝荷载4.3.3 crown 顶点4.1.12 culrert 涵洞2.0.17 D D—load D 荷载法4.4.19 dead’load on conduit (pipeline) 管道恒荷载4.2.2 design pressure 设计压力4.2.22 detachable type joint 活接头5.1.7 dewatering 降水7.0.11 distribution of elastic reaction 弹性反力图形4.4.18 double junction 四通6.1.5 down pipe 雨落管2.0.20 down spout 雨落管2.0.20 duck foot 肘管管托5.2.5 duck 管道2.0.1 ductile cast iron pipe(DIP) 可延性铸铁管3.1.6 dynamic water pressure 动水作用力4.2.25 E earth cover (heightofsoil)overconduit 覆土高度4.4.12 earth pressure at rest 静止土压力4.2.13 earth pressure on embankment conduit 上埋式土压力4.2.7 earth pressure on trench conduit 沟埋式土压力4.2.6 earth pressure under soil arch 土拱压力4.2.8 effective length of pipe 管有效长度4.1.5 elastic installation pipeline method 弹性敷管法7.0.8 elastic reaction of soil 土的弹性抗力4.2.15 elbow 弯头6.1.3 electrical conduits 电工套管 2.0.33 elliptical conduit 椭园形管道 3.2.5 embedded type PCCP(PCCP-E) 埋置式预应力钢筒混凝土管3.1.14 embedded-cylinder pipe (ECP) 埋置式预应力钢筒混凝土管 3.1.14 expansion bellows 波纹补偿器 6.2.7 expansion bend 弯管补偿器6.2.2 expansion joint 伸缩接头5.1.3 expansion joint 伸缩节6.2.3 expansion loop 弯管补偿器6.2.2 exterior prism 管侧土柱4.2.11 F fiberglass reinforced pipe(FRP) 玻璃纤维管3.1.23 filament winding process 纤维缠绕法3.3.11 finely divided solid transmission pipeline 细颗粒固体输送管道2.0.27 rixed support 固定管托、固定支座5.2.4 rixed trestle 固定支架4.4.27 flange 法兰6.1.7 flanged joint 法兰接头5.1.11 flat subgrade 素土平基4.4.8 flattening test 压偏试验、偏平试验4.3.8 flexible joint 柔性接头5.1.2 flexble pipe 柔性管2.0.42 flexible rubber expansion joint 可曲挠橡胶接头6.2.8 flexible trestle 柔性支架4.4.29 flexural stiffness ratio 刚柔比4.3.7 four-point loading test 四点法荷载试验4.3.13 free-flow conduit (pipeline) 自流管道2.0.36 fusion joint 热溶接头5.1.9 G gas transmission pipeline 输气管道2.0.23 gasket ring 密封圈5.1.22 glass fibre reinforced plastics pipe (GRP) 玻璃纤维增强热固性塑料管 3.1.23 gravity-flow conduit (pipeline) 重力流管道2.0.36 gray cast iron pipe (CIP) 灰口铸铁管3.1.4 gully gratings and frames 雨水篦6.3.20 gully trap 雨水井6.3.9 H hanger 吊杆6.2.9 haunches under pipe 管下腋角7.0.21 beaped load 堆积荷载 4.2.19 heat-supply pipeline 供热管道 2.0.24 heating pipeline 采暖管道2.0.25 height of conduit 管道高度4.1.3 horizontal earth pressure 水平土压力4.2.5 horseshoe conduit 马蹄形管道3.2.3 hydrostatic pressure 静水压力4.2.24 hydrostatic proof test 水压检验试验4.3.11 impact factor 动力系数4.2.18 impact test 冲击试验4.3.9 industrial pipeline 工业管道2.0.9 inner sleeve joint 内套环接头5.1.19 inside diameter 内径 4.1.8 inspection chamber 检查井6.3.1 interior prism 管上土柱 4.2.10 intermediate jacking station 中继间7.0.17 invert 底点 4.1.13 J jacking pressrue 顶力7.0.20 joint angular deflection 接头角位移 5.1.24 joint axial deformation 接头轴向位移5.1.26 joint deflection test 接头角位移试验5.1.25 joint packing 接头密封料5.1.21 ioint sealant 接头密封料5.1.21 joint straight draw test 接头拉伸试验5.1.27 L lag factor 滞后系数4.4.20 lateral earth presure 侧向土压力4.2.5 leading pipe 导管7.0.18 leak test 严密性试验7.0.29 lined type PCCP(PCCP-L) 内衬式预应力钢筒混凝土管3.1.13 lined-cylinder pipe (LCP) 内衬式预应力钢筒混凝土管3.1.13 liner 内衬2.0.44 live load on conduit(pipeline) 管道活荷载4.2.3 load on conduit (pipeline) 管道荷载4.2.1 loading distribution diagram 荷载分布图形4.4.14 longitudinal calculation 纵向计算4.4.2 M manhole 检查井6.3.1 manhole cover and flames 检查井盖6.3.6 manhole steps 踏步6.3.7 max.temperature difference between costruction and operation 闭合温差7.0.26 mean diameter 平均直径4.1.10 mechanical joint 机械接头5.1.15 mixed structure conduit 混合结构管道3.1.27 N natural (original) ground surface 原状(始)地面7.0.9 natural soil 原状土7.0.10 new austrian tunnelling method 新奥法7.0.5 nodular cast iron pipe 球墨铸铁管3.1.6 non-pressure conduit (pipeline) 无压管道2.0.34 norminal diameter (DN) 公称直径4.1.7 O offset 乙字管6.1.6 olander’s bulb form distribution 奥兰特分布图形4.4.17 oriented (guiding) trestle 导向支架4.4.31 outlet sleeve joint 套环接头5.1.18 outlet 出水口6.3.11 outside diameter 外径4.1.9 oval conduit 椭园形管道3.2.5 over excavation 超挖7.0.13 overhead prpeline 架空管道2.0.7 ovoid conduit 卵形管道3.2.6 P partial fixed trestle 半固定支架4.4.30 passive earth pressure 被动土压力4.2.14 petroleum transmission pipeline 输油管道2.0.22 pipe accesory 管道附件2.0.48 pipe bridge 管桥2.0.8 pipe casing slip joint 套筒式伸缩器6.2.5 pipe clip 管卡、管箍6.2.11 pipe crossing 管道跨越4.4.24 pipe diameter 管直径4.1.6 pipe duct 管沟2.0.28 pipe fitting 管件2.0.47pipe in pipe 双层管3.2.11 pipe jacking method 顶管法7.0.3 pipe length 管长4.1.4 pipe roofing method 管棚法7.0.6 pipe support 管托、管道支座5.2.1 pipeline 管道2.0.1 pipeline (conduit) structure 管道结构2.0.2 pipeline (aerial (over) crossing 管道跨越 2.0.38 pipeline appurtenance 管道附属构筑物 2.0.49 pipeline for waste water (sewerage) in builking 建筑排水管道2.0.19 pipeline for water supply in building 建筑给水管道2.0.18 pipeline joint 管道接头 2.0.46 pipeline pier 管道支礅 2.0.40 pipeline trestle 管道支架 2.0.39 pipeline under crossing 管道穿越2.0.37 plastic sandwich 发泡塑料管3.2.9 polybutylene pipe (PB) 聚丁烯塑料管3.1.20 polyethylene pipe (PE) 聚乙烯塑料管3.1.18 polypropylene pipe (PP) 聚丙烯塑料管3.1.19 precast fabricated conduit 预制装配管道3.2.17 pressure class 压力等级4.3.10 pressure conduit 压力管道2.0.35 prestressed concrete cylinder pipe (PCCP) 预应力钢筒混凝土管3.1.12 prestressed concrete pipe (PCP) 预应力混凝土管3.1.10 profile (ribbed) wall plastic pipe 异型(肋型)塑料管3.2.8 protective cased pipe 保护套管3.2.10 push-on type joint 插入式接头5.1.4 R rare earth cast iron pipe 稀土铸铁管 3.1.5 reducer 反力墙7.0.19 rebated pipe 企口管 3.2.15 reception pit 接收工作坑7.0.16 red mud plastic anti-weather pipe 红泥聚氯乙烯耐候塑料管 3.1.21 reducer 异径管、渐缩管 6.1.1 reducerslab 缩颈盖板 6.3.4 reinforced concrete pipe (RCP) 钢筋混凝土管3.1.9 reinforced plastic mortar pipe (RPMP) 增强塑料砂浆管3.1.25 reinforced thermosetting resin pipe (RTRP) 增强热固性树脂管3.1.24 rigid joint 刚性接头5.1.1 rigid pipe 刚性管2.0.41 rigid trestle 刚性支架4.4.28 rise lf arch conduit 拱沟矢高4.1.15 road (street) gully 雨水口6.3.8 roller support 滚动管托、滚动支座5.2.3 roller suspension process 悬辊法3.3.4 sand box casting process 砂型浇铸法3.3.3 sealing gasket 密封圈5.1.22 self-anchoring joint 自锚式接头5.1.6 self-prestressed concrete pipe 自应力混凝土管3.1.11 semi-elliptical conduit 半椭园形管道 3.2.4 simi-flsxible pipe 半柔性管 2.0.43 semi-rigid pipe 半刚性管 2.0.43 separate foundation 分离式基础4.4.22 serviceebility pressure 工作压力4.2.21 sewge conduit (pipeline) 污水管道2.0.16 shaft 井筒 6.3.3 shaped by injection 注模成型法 3.3.13 shaped by injection molding 挤出成型法 3.3.12 shapped subgrade 土弧基础4.4.9 shield tunnelling method 盾构法7.0.4 single junction 三通6.1.4 sinking pipeline method 沉管法施工7.0.7 site load 施工荷载4.2.20 site pressure test 现场水压试验7.0.28 sleeve connection 杯口连接5.1.29 sleeve expansion joint 松套伸缩接头6.2.4 sleeve joint 套管(筒)式接头5.1.5 slider support 滑动管托、滑动支座5.2.2 slip-on coupling 活箍5.1.7 socket (bell) and spigot joint 承插式接头5.1.13 socket pipe 承口管 3.2.14 soil improvement 地基处理7.0.14 soil treatment 地基处理7.0.14 solvent cement joint 粘接接头5.1.10 splayed emd pipe 斜口管3.2.13 apreading angle 分布角4.4.13 apring hanger 弹簧吊杆6.2.10 apring line 侧点4.1.14 stability clculation 稳定验算4.4.4 stainles ssteel pipe 不锈钢管3.1.2 starting shaft 起始工作坑7.0.15 steel pipe 钢管3.1.1 stiffness calculation 刚度验算4.4.5 stiffness calss 刚度等级4.3.5 stiffness ring 刚性环4.4.21 stiffness test 刚度试验4.3.6 storm sewer conduit 雨水管道2.0.14 straight butt (plain) end pipe 平口管3.1.12 strength calculation 强度计算4.4.3 structural crossing 结构跨越4.4.25 subaqueous pipeline 水下管道2.0.5 submaine pipeline 海底管道2.0.6 submerged pipeline 水下管道2.0.5 support feet 肘管管托5.2.5 srucharge load 堆积荷载4.2.19 surface laver 涂层2.0.45 surge pressure test 波动压力4.2.23 sustained pressure test 持续压力试验4.3.12 T table vibrated casting process 振动台震捣法3.3.8 tbermal insulation of popes 管道隔热、管道保温2.0.52 thickness of conduit sturcture 管道结构厚度4.1.16 thickness of pope wall 管壁厚4.1.11 threaded joint 螺纹接头5.1.12 three-edge bearing test 三支承法试验4.3.1 three-point loading test 三点法荷载试验4.3.14 thrust blocks 止推墩2.0.50 thrust pit 顶进工作坑7.0.15 thrust wall 止推墙7.0.19 tongue and guoove joint 企口式接头5.1.14 tongue and groove pipe 企口管3.2.15 traffic load 车辆荷载4.2.16 transversal calculation 横向计算4.4.1 trench depth 槽深7.0.12 trench depth 开槽施工、沟槽敷设7.0.1 trenchless installation 不开槽施工7.0.2 tunnelling method installation 隧道法敷设7.0.2 two-edge bearing test 双支承法试验4.3.2 tyre pressure 轮压4.2.17 U ultimate lead under three-edge bearing test 破坏荷载4.3.4 unannealed nodular (ductile) cast iron pipe 铸态球墨铸铁管 3.1.7 unbacdfilled trench 末回填沟槽7.0.22 under-ground conduit (pipeline) 地下管道 2.0.3 undisturbed earth 未扰动土7.0.10 unpassable duct 不通行地沟2.0.31 unplasticised polyvinyl chloride pipe (UPVC 管) 硬聚氯乙烯塑料管3.1.17 V vacuum pressure 真空压力4.2.26 ventilating duct 通风管道2.0.26 vertical compressed casting process 径向挤压法、立式挤压法3.3.5 verticcal earth pressure 坚向土压力、垂直土压力4.2.4 vertical vibrated casting process 立式振捣法3.3.6 vitified clay pope 陶土管3.1.16 W wall pope chase 穿墙套管5.1.28 water distribution pipeline 配水管道2.0.12 water removal 排水7.0.11 water supply conduit (pipeline) 给水管道2.0.10 water tight test 闭(灌)水实验7.0.27 water transmission conduit (pipeline) 输水管道 2.0.11 welding joint 焊接接头 5.1.8 wheel pressure 轮压 4.2.17 wlrking pressure 工作压力4.2.21 works hydrostatic test 水压检验试验4.3.11管道基本术语(中英文对照)2.0.1 管道conduit,pipeline,duct 用以输送液体?气(汽)体,细颗粒固体等介质或用以安装输水?输气(汽)?供热等管道?电缆等设施的任意长度的封闭通道的统称? 2.0.2 管道结构pipeline (conduit)structure 输送各种介质或安装管道?电缆等各种设施用的封闭通道及其附属设施(管道附件及附属构筑物)构成的空心体结构的统称? 2.0.3 埋地管道?地下管道buried conduit (pipeline)under-ground conduit (pipeline)敷设在天然或人工回填地面以下或周围覆盖有一定厚度土体的管道? 2.0.4 地上管道above-ground conduit (pipeline)指直接敷设在地面上或地面支礅上的管道? 2.0.5 水下管道submerged pipeline,subapueous pipeline 指敷设在水面以下水体中或水底土体中的管道? 2.0.6 海底管道submarine pipeline 指敷设在海面以下海水中或海底的管道? 2.0.7 架空管道overhead pipeline 指架设在地面以上的管道,由跨越结构和支承结构(支架?托架等)两部分组成? 2.0.8 管桥pipe bridge 管道以桥梁形式跨越河道?湖泊?海域?铁路?公路?山谷等天然或人工障碍专用的构筑物? 2.0.9 工业管道industrial pipeline 通常指工矿企业装置之间管道系统并受到生产中各种输送介质或益出物侵蚀的管道? 2.0.10 给水管道water supply conduit (pipeline)输送原水或成品水管道的统称? 2.0.11 输水管道water transmission conduit (pipeline)一般指输送原水的有一定长度的管道? 2.0.12 配水管道water distribution pipeline 一般输送成品水的管道? 2.0.13 排水管道sewer conduit (pipeline)输送城镇雨?污水或农田排水的管道的统称? 2.0.14 雨水管道storm sewer conduit (pipeline)一般指输送城镇截流雨水的管道? 2.0.15 合流管道combined drainage conduit (pipeline)一般指输送城镇截流雨水?生活污水?工业废水等合流排放的管道? 2.0.16 污水管道sewage conduit (pipeline)一般指输送经过处理或未经处理的城镇或工矿企业的生活污水或工业废水的管道? 2.0.17 涵洞culvert 为宣泄地面水流而设置的穿越路堤或河堤的排水管道构筑物的统称,一般由洞身管道结构和进出水洞口构筑物组成?有管涵?拱涵?箱涵?盖板涵等涵洞结构类型? 2.0.18 建筑给水管道pipeline for water supply in building 用于工业与民用建筑物内部明设或暗设的给水管道的统称? 2.0.19 建筑排水管道pipeline for waste water (sewerage)in building 用于工业与民用建筑物内部明设或暗设的排放生活污水?工业废水管道的统称? 2.0.20 雨落管down pipe?down spout 指将建筑物屋顶或平台上的雨水引到地下排水管道或其他处理手段的安装在室内?外的竖向排水管道,有圆形和矩形等截面形式?2.0.21 冷却水管道cooling water pipeline 冷却物质与冷却装置之间输送未经冷却和经过冷却的水的管道及其附属设施的统称? 2.0.22 输油管道petroleum transmission pipeline 由生产?储存等供油设施向用户输送原油或成品油的管道及其附属设施的统称? 2.0.23 输气管道gas transmission pipeline 由生产?储存等供气设施向用户输送天然气?煤气等燃气的管道及其附属设施的统称? 2.0.24 供热管道heat-supply pipeline 由热电厂?锅炉房等热原向用户输送供热介质的管道及其附属设施的统称?有地上敷设? 地下敷设?管沟敷设?直埋敷设等敷设方式? 2.0.25 采暖管道heating pipeline 建筑物采暖用的由热源或供热装置到散热设备之间输送供热介质的管道及其附件的统称? 2.0.26 通风管道ventilating duct 输送空气和空气混合物的管道及其附件的统称?有架空敷设和地下敷设等敷设方式? 2.0.27 细颗粒固体输送管道finely divided solid transmission pipeline 以高压气体或液体为载体输送煤粉?粉煤灰?水泥等级颗粒固体管道的统称?以水为载体的亦称《浆体管》? 2.0.28 管沟pipe duct 用以敷设和更换输送水-气(汽)等管道设施的地下管道,也是被敷设管道设施的围护结构? 敷设输送供热介质管道的俗称《暖气沟》,有矩形?圆形?拱形等管道结构形式? 2.0.29 电缆沟cable duct 用以敷设和更换电力或电讯电缆设施的地下管道,也是被敷设电缆设施的围护结构,有矩形?圆形?拱形等管道结构形式? 2.0.30 通行地沟accessible duct 人可以在其中通行和进行检查维修等工作的管沟?电缆沟等地下管道的统称?人可以直立通行的称通行地沟(walkway duct);人必须弯腰通行的称半通行地沟(crawl duct)? 2.0.31 不通行地沟unpassable duct 截面仅能满足敷设管道或电缆的最小净空尺寸要求,人不能进入的地下管沟? 2.0.32 综合管道?共同沟combined duct 在截面内敷设水?气(汽)管道?电缆等输送两种以上不同用途设施的通行地沟的统称? 2.0.33 电工套管electrical conduits 用于保护并保障建筑物(构筑物)内部和室外埋地?架空电气线路系统中穿入与更换电讯或电力电缆的管道的统称?有平滑套管?波绞套管?绝缘套管?阻燃和非阻燃等各种不同材质及性能的类型? 2.0.34 无压管道non-pressure conduit (pipeline)指输送的液体是在其自重重力作用下运行的管道,且其管内液体的最高运行液面不超过管道截面内顶? 2.0.35 压力管道pressure conduit (pipelinne)指输送的液体?气体等介质是在加压的状态下运行的管道的统称,一般以大气压力表示? 根据不同介质及其相应的工作压力的要求,可分为低压?中压?高压等不同压力等级的管道? 2.0.36 自流管道?重力流管道free-flow conduit (pipeline)gravity-flow conduit (pipeline)指输送的液体是在其自重重力作用下运行的管道,其运行最高水头不超过管道截面内顶者为无压管道;其运行最高水头超过管道截面内顶者为有压管道? 2.0.37 管道穿越pipeline under crossing 管道从河流?铁路?公路?建筑物等天然或人工障碍物底部通过的一种方式? 2.0.38 管道跨越pipeline aerial (over)crossing 管道从河流?山谷?铁路?公路等天然或人工障碍物上方通过的一种方式? 2.0.39 管道支架pipeline trestle 支承架空管道用的排架或框架结构,一般由支承柱?帽梁和横梁等杆件组成? 2.0.40 管道支礅pipeline pier 支承架空管道用的实体承重结构,一般用砖?块石或混凝土等制筑? 2.0.41 刚性管rigid pipe 主要依靠管体材料强度支承外力的圆管,在外荷载作用下其变形很小,管子的失效是由于管壁强度的控制? 2.0.42 柔性管flexibe pipe 在外荷载作用下变形显著的圆管?竖向荷载大部分由管子两侧土体所产生的弹性抗力所平衡,管子的失效通常由变形造成而不是管壁的破坏? 2.0.43 半柔性管?半刚性管semi-flexibe pipe,semi-rigid pipe 在竖向外荷载作用下变形足以使两侧土体产生弹性抗力的圆管,土的弹性抗力支承相应的竖向荷载,其数值决定于管子的环向刚度与土体弹性模量的比值?管子的结构计算属柔性管范畴? 2.0.44 内衬liner 涂抹在管内壁或在制管时与管壁结构同时形成的管内表面层?如钢筋混凝土管内壁涂抹或镶嵌的塑料层;钢管和铸铁管内壁涂抹的水泥砂浆层;玻璃纤维管内壁的热圆性树脂层等? 是管道结构的一部分? 2.0.45 涂层coating,surface layer 涂抹在管外壁或在制管时与管壁结构同时形成的管外表面层?如预应力混凝土管外壁喷涂的水泥砂浆层;钢管?铸铁管外壁涂抹的沥青或沥青树脂卷材层;玻璃纤维管外壁的热因性树脂层等?是管道结构的一部分? 2.0.46 管道接头pipeline joint 管道上相邻两端管口或管子与管件连接形式的统称?按其连接功能要求有刚性连接,柔性连接等;按管子结构形式有插入式?企口式?套筒式等;按管材材质有焊接?熔接?粘接等? 2.0.47 管件pipe fitting 圆形管管端之间各类连接件的统称?如渐缩管?弯头?三通?四通等,一般按标准规格尺寸制作? 2.0.48 管道附件pipe accessory 管件?补偿器?阀及其组合件等管道专用部件的统称? 2.0.49 管道附属构筑物pipeline appurtenance 管道系统上设置的安装各种控制输送介质的设施和检查维护用的构筑物的统称?如各种类型的检查井?阀门井?进出水口等?是管道工程的组成部分? 2.0.50 止推墩?固定墩thrust blocds?anchor 阻止压力管道上由内压或温度作用等产生的轴向力引起的管道在水平向和垂直向移动的设施?一般用混凝土浅筑,俗称管道支墩? 2.0.51 管道防腐corrosion prevetive of pipes 减缓或防止钢管?铸铁管等管道在内外介质的化学?电化学作用下或由于微生物的代谢活动而被侵蚀或变质的措施?有涂料防腐?卷材防腐?电防腐等? 2.0.52 管道隔热,管道保温thermal insulation of pipes 为减少供热管道的散热损失或管外介质温度变化对管内介质的影响,在管外壁设置的构造措施?有填充式?涂抹式?缠绕式?预制式等隔热(保温)结构? 3 管材及管道结构 3.1 管材3.1.1 钢管steel pipe 由铁和炭等元素炼制的圆管的统称?按制作工艺有焊接钢管(welded steel pipe)和无缝钢管(seamle ssteel pipe)二类?焊接钢管均由钢板卷焊制作,按焊缝形式有螺旋焊接钢管(spiral welded steel pipe)和直缝焊接钢秋(longitudinal weldedsteel pepe)两种;直缝焊接钢管按焊接工艺不同有直缝埋弧焊管和直缝高频电阻焊管(electric resistence welding,ERW)3.1.2 不锈钢管stainless steel pipe 用少量铬和镍等金属元素炼制的合金钢制作的圆管?具有高度抗腐蚀能力,并耐高温和高压,属合金钢管(alloys steel pipe)范畴? 3.1.3 铸铁管cast iron pipe(CIP)用铁水浇铸的圆管的统称?按管子成型工艺可分为离心铸铁管和连续铸铁管? 3.1.4 灰口铸铁管grey cast iron pipe (CIP)用普通铁水浇铸的圆管,亦称普通铸铁管?用于压力流体输送的称承压铸铁管,用于无压输送液体的称排水铸铁管? 3.1.5 稀土铸铁管rare earth cast iron pipe 指在普通铁水中掺入少量稀土元素浇铸的圆管?具有比灰口铸铁管较高的强度? 3.1.6 球墨铸铁管?可延性铸铁管nodular castiron pipe,ductile cast iron pipe(DIP)指由经过球化和孕育处理的优质铁水(其中石墨组织已由片状变成球状)采用离心浇铸制作的圆管?具有较高强度?较好的韧性(延伸率大于10%)和防腐性能? 3.1.7 铸态球墨铸铁管unannealed nodular (ductile)cast iron pipe 未经退火的球墨铸铁管?其力学性能指标除韧性低外,其他均与球墨铸铁管同? 3.1.8 混凝土管concrete pipe(CP)用混凝土制作的圆管?按成型工艺可分为离心管?悬辊管?立式挤压管和立式振捣管等? 3.1.9 钢筋混凝土管reinforced concrete pipe (RCP)reinforcedconcretepipe(RCP)用配有环筋和纵筋的混凝土制作的圆管?按成型工艺可分为离心管?悬辊管?立式挤压和立式振捣管等? 3.1.10 预应力混凝土管prestressedconcretepipe(PCP)在制管过程中用张拉高强钢丝的工艺使管体混凝土在环向和纵向均处于受压状态的圆管?按制管及环向张拉高强钢丝的不同工艺,分为管芯绕丝管,(指在混凝土管芯上缠绕环向预应力钢丝,使该管芯在环向处于受压状态下喷涂水泥砂浆保护面层制成的圆管,俗称三阶段管)和水力挤压管(俗称一阶段管)两类? 3.1.11 自应力混凝土管self-prestressedconcretepipe, chemicallyprestressedconcretepipe 指在制管过程中利用膨胀水泥的化学作用使混凝土在固化阶段产生的膨胀作用,藉以张拉环向和纵向钢丝,使管体环向和纵向处于受压状态的圆管? 3.1.12 预应力钢筒混凝土管prestressedconcretecylinderpipe(PCCP)指在带钢筒的混凝土管芯上缠绕环向预应力钢丝,使该复合管芯在环向处于受压状态下并喷涂水泥砂浆保护面层而制成的圆管的统称? 3.1.13 内衬式预应力钢筒混凝土管linedtypePCCP (PCCR-L), lined-cylinderpipe(LCP)指采用离心工艺在钢筒内成型混凝土层后,在钢筒外缠绕环向预应力钢丝,制作水泥砂浆保护层制成的管子? 3.1.14 埋置式预应钢管混凝土管embeddedtypePCCP(PCCP-E)embedded-cylinderpipe(ECP)指采用立式振动成型工艺将钢筒埋入管芯混凝土中,在外侧缠绕环向预应力钢丝,制作水泥砂浆保护层而制成的管子? 3.1.15 石棉水泥管asbestos-cementpipe(ACP)用石棉纤维和水泥抄取成型的圆管?3.1.16 陶土管vitrifiedclaypipe 用粘土制作成型后在窑中烧成的圆管?管表面不上釉的俗称缸瓦管;管表面上釉的称陶瓷管? 3.1.17 硬聚氯乙烯塑料管unplasticisedpolyvinylchloridepipe(UPVC 管)以氯乙烯树脂单体为主,用挤出成型法制成的热塑性塑料圆管?具有一定的耐腐蚀性能,无味, 一般用于输送介质为常温的有压和无压管道?根据使用要求不同,有室内给水?排水用管?埋地给水?排水用管,农排灌溉用管,化工用管等不同品种和规格? 3.1.18 聚乙烯塑。
KONGSBERG STEERING GEARRV / IRV series - the compact solution forlarger vessels. The proven technology preferred by leading owners since 1952, on more than 25 000 shipsHighly reliable power packsThe use of reliable power units is of vital importance for a vessel’s safety, and great care has been taken from material selection through construction in order to meet the strictest quality demands. Kongsberg Maritime dual pump power packs are designed with ship safety in mind, and with an eye to simplify the layout. This is achieved by removing the need for expansion tank and for a separate oil storage tank. The pumps are low noise, submerged, fixed displacement screw pumps that provide maximum reliability for an essential ship equipment.Built-in storage tankBuilt-in storage tank is an option that has gained a popular support amongmost yards and owners. This solution reduces space, saves installationtime and costs, and gives a clean layout in the steering gear room.Modulated flow controlThe control system modulates the oil flow to the actuator in order to give a soft start and low rudder speed for small rudder movements. The oil flow gradually increases up to full flow, allowing full turning speed on the rudder.The reduced flow ensures a very precise rudder positioning for small rudder angles, while the full flow provides for full manoeuvring force when needed. In this way the simple and reliable fixed displacement pump is efficiently controlled to provide smooth and accurate steering in line with a variable displacement pump, however, without introducing the complexity of such a pump.The precise rudder positioning makes Modulated Flow Control ideal incombination with autopilots, as the risk of rudder overshooting is minimised. This again makes course keeping easier, thus contributing to improve a ship’s propulsive efficiency.Starter systemThe new starter system with frequency converter interfaced with the emergency switch board, reduces the power and starting current requirements from the emergency generator to a minimum.Maintenance and overhaulBy splitting all internal seals and bearings and using an internal `lifting device´, the 4-vane steering gear can be totally overhauled without removing the rudderstock connection.Fact sheet available for related products• Alarm system• Rudder angle indicator system• Steering control system• Interface to external equipment4 - Vane technologyIllustration showing installation by stoppers and standard stud bolts2 &3 - Vane technologyIllustration showing installation by reamer boltsSG TYPEMAX. STOCK DIA (MM)MAX. WORKING PRESSURE MAX. WORKING TORQUE (KNM)MAX. RUDDER ANGLE WEIGHT APPROX (KG)MAX. RADIAL LOAD (KN)MAX. AXIALLOAD (KN)RV 700-24108060471.550001800700RV 850-34208079746.537001400500RV 900-24508079671.560001800700RV 1050-34508094046.550001800700RV 1100-25108094971.5800030001250RV 1350-349580122946.560001800700RV 1400-250080132171.581001800700RV 1650-355080149946.5800030001250RV 1700-256080155171.51100030001250RV 2050-2*58080186471.51200030001250RV 2300-4*580170230036.5100007001050RV 2600-362080240146.51150030001250RV 2700-2*65080248871.51500030001250RV 3050-366080287046.51200030001250RV 3500-4*670170350036.5140009001200RV 4000-370080380746.51500030001250RV 3050-2*70080279671.52000030001800RV 4200-2*73080391671.52400030001800RV 5000-4*750170500036.52000011001750RV 6000-4*800170600036.52300012502000Installation• Low weight, typically 50% less than RAM-type • Installation with reamer bolts or stoppers • Few components:• Integrated storage tank • Integrated rudder carrier • No expansion tank• No external grease pump requiredSafety• –Safety first through simple and reliable system • No external moving parts • Automatic lock valve • No external oil leakages• Double hydraulic sealing system on IMO type steering gearOperation• Modulated flow control valve ensures:• Smooth rudder movements• Rudder positioning better than proportional valves• Low noise level (80-85 dB A)• Polymer sealing ensure superior tightness of < 1°/min.Maintenance• No external lubrication required, internal bearings are lubricated by the hydraulic oil • Seals and bearings interchangeable without loosening the rudderstock connection • Short lead time on spare parts • World wide service• Low maintenance cost due to simplicity of the systemSwitchboard: +47 815 73 700Global support 24/7: +47 33 03 24 07E-mailsales:*********************.com E-mailsupport:***********************.comKongsberg Maritime P.O.Box 483, NO-3601Kongsberg, Norway。