英语精读4整理-Idiom

大学英语精读第四册第六单元内容讲解大学英语精读第四册第六单元内容讲解导语：大家应该都是喜欢看书的人吧，那么大家知道怎么标记一本书吗，下面是一篇讲述如何标记一本书的英语课文，欢迎大家参考。

Text"Don't ever mark in a book!" Thousands of teachers, librarians and parents have so advised. But Mortimer Adler disagrees. He thinks so long as you own the book and needn't preserve its physical appearance, marking it properly will grant you the ownership of the book in the true sense of the word and make it a part of yourself.HOW TO MARK A BOOKMortimer J. AdlerYou know you have to read "between the lines" to get the most out of anything. I want to persuade you to do something equally important in the course of your reading. I want to persuade you to "write between the lines." Unless you do, you are not likely to do the most efficient kind of reading.You shouldn't mark up a book which isn't yours. Librarians (or your friends) who lend you books expect you to keep them clean, and you should. If you decide that I am right about the usefulness of marking books, you will have to buy them.There are two ways in which one can own a book. The first is the property right you establish by paying for it, just as you pay for clothes and furniture. But this act of purchase is only the prelude to possession. Full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of yourself, and the best way to make yourself a part of it is by writing in it. An illustration may make the point clear. You buy a beefsteak and transfer it from the butcher'sicebox to your own. But you do not own the beefsteak in the most important sense until you consume it and get it into your bloodstream. I am arguing that books, too, must be absorbed in your bloodstream to do you any good.There are three kinds of book owners. The first has all the standard sets and best-sellers -- unread, untouched. (This individual owns wood-pulp and ink, not books.) The second has a great many books -- a few of them read through, most of them dipped into, but all of them as clean and shiny as the day they were bought. (This person would probably like to make books his own, but is restrained by a false respect for their physical appearance.) The third has a few books or many -- every one of them dog-eared and dilapidated, shaken and loosened by continual use, marked and scribbled in from front to back. (This man owns books.)Is it false respect, you may ask, to preserve intact a beautifully printed book, an elegantly bound edition? Of course not. I'd no more scribble all over a first edition of "Paradise Lost" than I'd give my baby a set of crayons and an original Rembrandt!I wouldn't mark up a painting or a statue. Its soul, so to speak, is inseparable from its body. And the beauty of a rare edition or of a richly manufactured volume is like that of painting or a statue. If your respect for magnificent binding or printing gets in the way, buy yourself a cheap edition and pay your respects to the author.Why is marking up a book indispensable to reading? First, it keeps you awake. (And I don't mean merely conscious; I mean wide awake.) In the second place, reading, if it is active, is thinking, and thinking tends to express itself in words, spoken or written. The marked book is usually the thought-through book. Finally, writing helps you remember the thoughts you had, or thethoughts the author expressed. Let me develop these three points.If reading is to accomplish anything more than passing time, it must be active. you can't let your eyes glide across the lines of a book and come up with an understanding of what you have read. Now an ordinary piece of light fiction, like, say, "Gone with the Wind," doesn't require the most active kind of reading. The books you read for pleasure can be read in a state of relaxation, and nothing is lost. But a great book, rich in ideas and beauty, a book that raises and tries to answer great fundamental questions, demands the most active reading of which you are capable. You don't absorb the ideas of John Dewey the way you absorb the crooning of Mr. Vallee. You have to reach for them. That you cannot do while you're asleep.If, when you've finished reading a book, the pages are filled with your notes, you know that you read actively. The most famous active reader of great books I know is President Hutchins, of the University of Chicago. He also has the hardest schedule of business activities of any man I know. He invariably read with pencil, and sometimes, when he picks up a book and pencil in the evening, he finds himself, instead of making intelligent notes, drawing what he calls " caviar factories" on the margins. When that happens, he puts the book down. He knows he's too tired to read, and he's just wasting time.But, you may ask, why is writing necessary? Well, the physical act of writing, with your own hand, brings words and sentences more sharply before your mind and preserves them better in your memory. To set down your reaction to important words and sentences you have read, and the questions they have raised in your mind, is to preserve those reactions and sharpen thosequestions. You can pick up the book the following week or year, and there are all your points of agreement, disagreement, doubt and inquiry. It's like resuming an interrupted conversation with the advantage of being able to pick up where you left off.And that is exactly what reading a book should be: a conversation between you and the author. Presumably he knows more about the subject than you do; naturally you'll have the proper humility as you approach him. But don't let anybody tell you that a reader is supposed to be solely on the receiving end. Understanding is a two-way operation; learning doesn't consist in being an empty receptacle. The learner has to question himself and question the teacher. He even has to argue with the teacher, once he understands what the teacher is saying. And marking a book is literally an expression of your differences, or agreements of opinion, with the author.There are all kinds of devices for marking a book intelligently and fruitfully. Here's the way I do it:1. Underlining: of major points, of important or forceful statements.2. Vertical lines at the margin: to emphasize a statement already underlined.3. Star, asterisk, or other doo-dad at the margin: to be used sparingly, to emphasize the ten or twenty most important statements in the book.4. Numbers in the margin: to indicate the sequence of points the author makes in developing a single argument.5. Number of other pages in the margin: to indicate where else in the book the author made points relevant to the point marked; to tie up the ideas in a book, which, though they may be separated by many pages, belong together.6. Circling of key words or phrases.7. Writing in the margin, or at the top or bottom of the page, for the sake of: recording questions (and perhaps answers) which a passage raise in your mind; reducing a complicated discussion to a simple statement; recording the sequence of major points right through the book. I use the end-papers at the back of the book to make a personal index of the author's points in the order of their appearance.The front end-papers are, to me, the most important. Some people reserve them for a fancy bookplate, I reserve them for fancy thinking. After I have finished reading the book and making my personal index on the back end-papers, I turn to the front and try to outline the book, not page by page, or point by point (I've already done that at the back), but as an integrated structure, with a basic unity and an order of parts. This outline is, to me, the measure of my understanding of the work.New Wordspersuadevt. cause (sb.) to do sth. by reasoning, arguing, etc. 说服，劝服librariann. 图书馆管理员propertyn. (collectively) things owned; possessions 财产preluden. action, event, etc. that serves as an introduction 序幕;前奏曲possessionn. possessing; ownership; (pl.) property 拥有;所有权;财产ownershipn. the possessing (of sth.); right of possessing 所有(权)illustrationn. an example which explains the meaning of sth.; adn explanatory picture, diagram, etc. 例;图例;插图beefsteakn. 牛排transfervt. had over the possession of (property, etc.); change officially from one position, etc. to another 转移;调动butchern. a person who kills, cuts up and sells animals for food 屠夫iceboxn. a box where food is kept cool with blocks of ice; (AmE) refrigeratorbloodstreamn. the blood as it flows through the blood vessels of the body 血流absorbvt. take or such in (liquids); take in (knowledge, ideas, etc.)吸收best-sellern. book that is sold in very large numbers 畅销书individualn. any one human being ( contrasted with society ) 个人woodpulpn. 木(纸)浆dipv. plunge or be plunged quickly or briefly into a liquid, esp. to wet or coat 浸;蘸shinya. giving off light as if polished; bright 发亮的restrainvt. prevent; control; hold back 抑制;控制，约束dogeareda. (of a book) having he corners of the pages bent down with use, like a dog's ears (书页)卷角的dilapidateda. (of things) broken and old; falling to pieces 破旧的;倾坍的'loosenv. make or become loose or looser (使)松开continuala. repeated; frequent 不断的;频繁的scribblev. write hastily or carelessly; write meaningless marks on paper, etc. 潦草书写;乱涂preservevi. keep safe from harm of danger 保护;保存intacta. untouched; undamaged 完整无损的elegantlyad. beautifully; gracefully 优美地;雅致地elegant a.bind (bound)vt. tie or fasten with a rope, etc.; fasten together sheets of (a book) and enclose within a cover 捆，绑;装订(书)editionn. form in which a book is published; total number of copies (of a book, newspaper, etc.) issued from the same types (书等的)版本;版paradisen. the Garden of Eden; Heaven 伊甸园;天堂crayonn. 蜡笔; 颜色笔originala. of or relating to an origin or beginning; being the first instance or source from which a cop can be made 最初的;原著的;原创作者的paintingn. a painted picture; picturestatuen. an image of a person or animal in wood, stone, bronze, etc. 雕像inseparablea. impossible to separate from one anothermanufacturevt. make, produce on a large scale by machinery 制造;(大量)生产magnificenta. splendid; remarkable 华丽的;宏伟的indispensablea. absolutely essential or necessary 必不可少的consciousa. aware; able to feel and think 有意识的;神志清醒understandingn. knowledge of the nature of sth., based esp. on learning or experience 理解fictionn. (branch of literature concerned with) stories, novels and romances 小说croonvi. sing gently in a low soft voice, usu. with much feeling 低声吟唱readern. person who readsinvariablyad. unchangeable; constantly 不变地;始终如一地intelligenta. having or showing a high degree of powers of reasoning or understanding 聪明的caviar(e)n. 鱼子酱sharpenv. become or make sharp(er)disagreementn. the fact or a case of disagreeing; lack of similarity 分歧;不一致disagree viinquiryn. question; asking 询问resumevt. go on after stopping for a time (中断后)重新开始naturallyad. of course; as one could have expectedhumilityn. humble condition or state of mind 谦卑solelyad. not including anything else or any others; onlysole a.receptaclen. a container for keeping things in 容器literallyad. actually; virtually 确实地;简直fruitfullyad. productively; with good results 富有成果地fruitful a.underlinevt. draw a line under (a word, etc.) esp. to show importance 在……下划线(表示强调)forcefula. strong; powerfulverticala. 垂直的emphasizevt. call attention to; stress 强调asteriskn. a starlike mark used to call attention to sth. 星号(即*)doo-dadn. (informal) a fancy, trifling ornament 小装饰物sparinglyad. economically; frugally 节约地sequencen. succession; connected line of events, ideas, etc. 顺序;连续;一连串relevanta. connected with what is being discussed; appropriate 有关的;适宜的phrasen. 短语end-papern. (often pl.) a piece of blank paper stuck inside the cover atthe beginning or end of a book 衬页indexn. 索引fancya. not ordinary; brightly coloured 别致的;花哨的bookplaten. a piece of paper with the owner's name, usu. pasted to the inside front cover of a book 藏书票integratevt. put or bring together (parts) into a whole 使成一整体structuren. way in which sth. is put together, organized, etc.; framework or essential parts of a building 结构basica. essential; fundamental 主要的;基本的unitym. an arrangement of parts to form a complete whole; the state of being united 总体布局;统一Phrases & Expressionsread between the lines(fig.) find more meaning than the words appear to express 体会字里行间的言外之意do(sb.) goodhelp or benefit (sb.) 帮助(某人);对(某人)有益dip intoread or study for a short time or without much attention 浏览;稍加探究no more……than……in no greater degree……than……a set ofa number of (thing that belong together) 一套so to speak/ say(used as an apology for an unusual use of a word or phrase) as one might say; if I may use this expression, etc. 可以说;容许我打个譬喻get in the waybecome a nuisance or hindrance 挡道;碍事in the second placeas the second thing in order or importance 第二，其次think throughthink about until one reaches an understanding or conclusion 彻底全面考虑reach forstretch out one's hand to grasp; make an effort to grasp 伸手去抓;努力争取set downwrite down on paperpick upstart again after interruption 中断后重新开始leave offstopconsist inlie in; be equivalent to 在于;存在于tie upconnect closely; fasten with rope, etc. 系紧;捆牢reduce……tostate in a more concise form; summarize as 把……归纳为Proper NamesRembrandt伦勃朗(姓氏)Dewey杜威(姓氏) Vallee瓦利(姓氏) Hutchins哈钦斯Chicago芝加哥(美国城市)。

浴巾a bath towel 文法学校a grammar school永恒的真理the eternal truth文件柜a filling cabinet新鲜空气fresh air纯属无稽之谈utter nonsense 违规行为delinquent behavior常客a frequent visitor高品德的high-minded monologue 固定的观点a settle view 时事current affairs身体障碍a physical impediment一阵狂风a hideous wind令人厌恶的景象a hideous sight言语障碍 a speech impediment 使人兴奋冲动的爱国激情heady patriotism无情的人侵者the remorseless invaders 首相the Prime Minister 烂苹果rotten apples国际联盟the League of Nations 思维过程a mental process 条理清楚的文章a coherent article一位点头之交a nodding acquaintance一个完整的体系a coherent system一位口译好手a proficient interpreter 一种不可阻挡的趋向an irresistible trend逐字逐句的激励literally inspired夜生活evening life食宿board and lodging 供吃住的寄宿舍boarding-house瞬间a split second玻璃弹子glass marbles做徒劳无益的事whipping the dead horse阿司匹林片aspirin tablets在此情况下in the circumstances提前in advance走过场a matter of form 楼梯间平台的窗户landing window紧张气氛the tense atmosphere毛线针knitting needles梦游to walk in one’s sleep飞机翼展the wingspan of a plane专业的历史工作者professional historians基于常识的反应a common-sense reaction事物的这种状况this state of affairs意见不一的历史学家contending historians老生常谈的事a cut-and-dried matter一个个人喜好的问题a matter of personal preference截然不同的观点diametrically opposed points of view民间故事folk tales书面文件written documents过去的遗留物the remains of the past人的动机和行为human motivations and behavior复杂和精细sophistication and subtlety 商船merchant ships 一旦发生潜艇战in the event of a submarine warfare一个粗糙的理论a crude theory 好战的行为belligerent acts宣传机器a propaganda machine德国外交部长the German foreign secretary权力平衡the balance of power因果关系the cause and effect海岸炮兵the shore batteries 终极关怀the ultimate concern 近因 a proximate cause人们常说的一句话a well-used phrase不会出错的解释 a foolproof explanation绝对有效的模式a model of unquestioned validity 永不停止的探索a never-ending quest一个难以达到但又十分诱人的目标an elusive yet intriguing goal难以解决的两难困境an insoluble dilemma 一本难以看懂的书an incomprehensible book一个爱交际的女人a sociable woman 黑市the black market黑色幽默black humor 害群之马black sheep黑人权利black power表达能力不强的人inarticulate people 全国性活动 a nationwide campaign赞美的话complimentary remarks 淘气男孩a mischievous boy一些有权力的人物certain powerful quarters 种族隔离的学校segregated schools 不可争议的权威indisputable authority公海high sea 上流社会high society 机密的消息confidential information 冷漠的门impersonal doors客观的信an impersonal letter 真诚的羡慕an unselfish envy紧张的声音a strained voice度假别墅holiday villa 一个著名的电视名人a famous television personality刻薄下流语言obscene language 下流故事an obscene story银行袭击a bank raid生产双层玻璃公司a double-glazing company联合抵押joint mortgage 拌嘴a cross word永远达不到的目标an unattainable goal 乡村和西部音乐country and western music加重了的潜水腰带a weighted diving belt 心碎heart-broken以自我为中心的人a self-centered man光是重量sheer weight光是运气sheer luck 一派胡言sheer nonsense军号声bulge call 人工呼吸kiss of life一串气泡 a trail of bubbles一点点关心one tiny scrap of care非理性因素non-rational factors 过去的好日子good old days思想模式thought patterns 陈旧的故事stock anecdotes思路brain path 鲜明的对比 a striking contrast 强烈的满足感keen satisfaction 感情上的联想sentimental association 一场恶吵a bitter quarrel酸葡萄sour grapes毫无根据的意见groundless opinions社会地位social position重要而有说服力的因素 a potent factor怀疑的余地room of doubt一种教条的观点great intellects大学者们great intellects不可避免的结果inevitable result 长期的斗争age-long struggle互相矛盾冲突的观点conflicting ideas鲜明的例子striking examples根深蒂固的信仰deeply-rooted convictions仅仅是断言bare assertion低头to sink one's head 使船沉没to sink the ship思考生命的意义to contemplate the meaning of life让阳光一下照着to catch the light毁了一个人的身体to ruin one's health 毁了国家to ruin the country猛敲桌子to bang the desk 扮演一个重要的角色to playa prominent role占有重要的位置to hold a prominent position 一个虔诚的佛教徒a pious Buddhist获得一种名声to gain a reputation 满足一个人的虚荣心to satisfy one's ego严刑逼供to give sb the third degree 发明一种教学方法to devise a teaching method在某人手中悄悄塞一支枪to slide a gun into sb's hand引起一些兴趣to whip up a little interest让谈话继续下去to keep the ball rolling让谈话开始to set the ball rolling一个作风古怪的百万富翁an eccentric millionaire分配资金to allot capital 勒紧裤带to tighten one’s belt 讲一句话to make a remark伸出一只手to stretch out one’s hand 润润嘴唇to moisten one’s lips抱怨天气to complain of the weather将棍子用力插入沙中to plunge the stick into the sand 突然冲我来了to turn on me 使某人心烦to get on on e’s nerve是某人将某事忘得精光t o put something out of someone’s mind脱钩t o come off the hook做填字游戏t o do a crossword puzzle 擤鼻涕to blow one’s nose 在鼻子上涂粉to powder one’s nose 提出案发时不在现场的证据to give an alibi获得新的深刻认识to gain new insights修改一个人的观点to revise one’s ideas追查起因to trace the cause 从这前提出发to begin from this premise朝目标开火to open fire on/at给以同样重视to give equal weight to sth支持某一观点to support a certain view 对政府施加影响to influence the government破坏实力平衡to destroy the balance of power组成联盟to form an alliance偿还贷款to repay the loans 考虑战争的问题to contemplate war填补缺口to fill in the gaps 结束探索to conclude the quest从某一角度看问题to view sth from a certain perspective从比较中获益to benefit from the comparison消灭差别to eliminate from the comparison 深入研究问题to dig into the problem 淹没在大海之中to be immersed in a vast sea从不同的观点出发to stem from a different point of view命中注定要做某事to be destined to do sth无视这个事实to ignore the fact作出假设to make an assumption 打败敌人to defeat the enemy夺回失土to win back one’s lost territory沉船to sink a boat截获机密to intercept the secret message将证据凑在一起to piece together evidence接近真理to approximate the truth 掌握新技术to master new techniques庆祝他的50华诞to celebrate its Golden Jubilee 引起羡慕to excite admiration触动良心to touch the conscience得奖to win the prize受到训斥to receive a reprimand省去这些字to omit the words宣布放弃奖金renounce the prizes 避免一场危机avert a crisis参加仪式attend the ceremony 展示一件艺术品exhibit a work of art尽情享受乐趣to indulge in pleasures 保护一个孩子guard a child感到有能力做某事feel up to do something 使某事正式结束bring sth to a close挥手让某人进去wave sb in使某人不必处于某种场合to save sb from a situation向某人说说心里话to talk out one’s heart to sb 把某人打翻在地knock sb down给某人斟酒pour sb a drink 举杯祝酒raise one’s glass从大腿上慢慢流下来trickle down her legs像鲸鱼一样喷水puff like a whale想雪一样融化掉melt down like snow 一眼看清了当时的情况sum up the scene进行电视采访do their interview 心存怨恨bear resentment难受的想吐feel sick in the stomach 突然大声的怒气冲冲的冲进来come in like thunder 渐渐散去drift away gradually 看中某人的意见value one’s opinion提高在某人心中的地位increase one’s standing with sb使自己振作起来pull oneself together 开始提供晚餐serve dinner 禽抱一个拿枪的劫匪tackle an armed robber和某人厮守下去stick with sb 系上腰带fasten the seat belt虐待妻子abuse one’s wife 和很多人乱搞男女关系screw his way around碰某人一个手指头lay a finger on sb 进行人工呼吸catch sb trying to do sth用力把自己身体升起heave oneself up浮出水面float to the surface在水下拼命挣扎thrash about under the water 使自己依靠在某物上prop oneself against冲出水面break surface 抓住某物seize hold of sth 把自己用力拉起来haul oneself up 紧紧锁住某人双手pinion one’s arms 把某人挡开fend sb off击中某处land a blow 呆在水下stay under in the water将这些观点加以归类to classify propositions 持有一种意见to hold an opinion 建立信念to establish convictions 颠倒过程to reverse the process 对是否是真相提出疑问to question the truth 获得财富to acquire wealth接受一种新的信念to adopt a new belief 放弃信念to abandon belief证明完全相反to demonstrate the contrary 相信这一事实to credit the fact 怀有一种意见to entertain an opinion使这个字的意思延伸一下to extend the term珍惜他们的尊敬to value their respect轻视他们的意见to belittle their opinions考虑某一点to make an allowance改变我们的思维模式to alter our thought patterns走同样的路to take the same course鹦鹉学舌般重复他人的思想to parrot others' ideasUNIT 11、我知道，不管发生什么I knew I could expect my brother to stand by me whatever happened.2、一般情况下As a general rule, young people tend to be more interest in the present and the future.3、如果他们双方不妥协Both sides will stand to lose if they do not compromise.4、我们希望使我们It is our hope to make all the courses and teaching materials integrated.5、中国的书面文字The Chinese written language has been a major factor for integrating our nation.6、在中国的传统艺术中In traditional Chinese art, the bamboo often stands for moral integrity and uprightness.7、绝大多数人都赞成深化改革The great majority of the people stand for further reform.8、伊丽莎白一世Queen Elizabeth the First ruled England for 45 years, and the country prospered under her rule.9、真理一开始The truth is always in the hand of a small minority at first. That's the rule.10, 民主意味着由Democracy means that the majority rules, but the minority’s right to disagree is also respected. These two basic rules are of equal importance.11、一个国A nation cannot be strong unless it is well-integrated economically, politically and culturally as well as geographically.12、那次晚会很乏味The party was boring, so she slipped out of the room and went home.13 路很泥泞The road was muddy. He slipped and fell into the river.14、有一天，我因为One day I was drowning my sorrows in a restaurant because I was broke when he came and slipped a roll of money into my hand.15、佛罗里达州The Court of Florida ruled that it was necessary to recount the votes.16、认为太阳绕着地球The idea that the sun moves round the earth ruled ancient scholars for more than a thousand years.17、这些胡同The hutongs are an integral part of old Beijing.18、日子一天天过去Days slipped by and I still had not made much progress.19、他怕犯错He weighed every word carefully lest he should make a mistake.20、她的身体糟糕到了Her health was such terrible that she would not go out in the sun even in winter lest she get sun-stroke.你能强迫一个Y ou can force a student to attend classes, but you cannot force him to think.学习文学The study of literature can help you to understand not only other people but also yourself.通过阅读范文Y ou can improve your writing by reading good models and by practicing writing.在中世纪In the Middle Ages, people believed that the earth was flat and that it was the center of the universe.我既没有时间I can afford neither the time nor the money to play golf with those big cheeses.小金Xiao Jin could not decide whether to apply for graduate studies right after college or to get a job first.爱能改善人们Love cures people-both those who give it and those who receive it.优秀的企业Excellent firms don't believe in perfection, only in constant improvement and constant change.许多东西Many things cannot be learned in the classroom, such as planning one's time, working on one's own and managing one's own affairs.在过去的10年里In the past ten years people, especially old people, have been concerned more about their health than about their income.UNIT21、我们公司在这么短It is a miracle how our company has developed into a multinational in sucha short span of time.2、那个国家的平均寿命The average life span of that country has increased from 42 years to 50 years in a matter of two decades.3、这两个国家的冲突The conflict between the two countries has spanned more than half a century.4有四座大桥There are four bridges spanning the river.5、我对你非常感谢I'm much obliged to you. Without your help, I would never have finished the book.6、不，这个聚会No, you are not obliged to go to the party. You don't have to go if you don't want to.7 人们找她She’s always ready to oblige when people come to her for help.8 山谷里有一个小湖In the valley is a small lake right between a meadow and a hill. It is a perfect spot for picnic .9、他坐在一个阴凉Sitting in that shady spot he soon dozed off.10、他看见我把一个塑料He criticized me on the spot when he saw me throw a plastic bag by the roadside.11 那是一件白底蓝点It is a white shirt with blue spots. It looks quite pretty.12、这位侦探发现了The detective spotted the suspect and he walked and arrested him.13、有一个气球爆了One of the balloons popped and it gave me quite a start.14 在上课的时候进It is very impolite to keep popping in and out of the classroom when the class is still going on.15、当他看见那位小伙子When he saw the young man ready to pay for the BMW in cash, his eyes almost popped out of his head.16、在那些国家里水比油In those countries, water is worth a lot more than oil. Friends will often bring dollars' worth of water as a gift.17、这个项目完成When this project is completed, it will benefit about a hundred thousand people. It will be well worth the effort and investment.18、这电影不值得看两遍This movie is not worth seeing twice. In fact, it's not worth seeing at all.19 我觉得那地方值得I think it is worthwhile to visit that place. I hear they have kept all their traditional houses intact-houses that were built in Ming-Qing styles.20、贾宝玉当他父亲Jia Baoyu was sick and tired of being his father's worthy son. He yearned for freedom.1.看来病人在这个城市It seems the patient has no relatives in this city.2.交朋友易It’s easy to make friends but difficult to keep them.3.他总是懂的朋友He can always understand what his friends are thinking and worrying about.4.或许根本就不是Perhaps it wasn’t Xiao Jiang at all who had left the tap running all night.5.那男孩一点也不The boy had no idea how he had become an old man in half a day.6.不知道王宁I wonder how Wang Ning has been doing in London. I haven’t heard from himfor almost a year.7.你出生于什么样的家庭It doesn’t matter what family you were born into. The real test ishow far you can go from where you started.8.她简直不相信She simply couldn’t believe what she saw. It was only yesterday that the twintowers were standing there.9.第八号陪审员Juror No. 8 pointed out that it might have been someone else who had stabbedthe boy’s father to death.10.在市场经济中In the market economy, it is primarily by individuals and firms rather than bygovernment agencies that decisions about what to produce, how much to produce are made.UNIT31.尚不知飞The cause of the aircraft crash is so far unknown.2.地球转The cause of global warming is still hotly debated among scientists.3.他把他的一He devoted all his life to the cause of environmental protection.4.历史上这条The river has caused us a lot of trouble in history.5.你认为国际恐怖主义的What do you think caused the upsurge of international terrorism?6.我们必须团结那些反对We must try and unite with those who have opposed us.7.任何进步和改革都会There is always opposition to any progress and reform.8.有些人对新事物总是Some people are always opposed to new things.9.这些贷款中不少从未归还A lot of those loans were never repaid. That high ratio of bad debts finally led to the financial crisis in this second economic power in the world.10.工商银行现在给The Business Bank now offers a special loan for students who can't pay for their education.11.这男孩问斯多太太能否将她的The boy asked Mrs.Stow for the loan of her binoculars.12.她在结束讲话时Her concluded her speech by saying that she hoped she could come again some day and see more of the country.13.他们一结束调查就As soon as they concluded the investigation, they were to report to the Security Council.14.在他访问期间，During his visit, he will conclude a new trade agreement with India.15根据这些有理疑点，陪审团只能得出结论，这个少Based on those reasonable doubts, the jury had to conclude that the boy was not guilty.16.他将经东京飞往纽约She is flying to New York by way of Tokyo.17.我想谈谈上世界60年代的情I'd like to say a few words about the situation in the sixties of the last century by way of an introduction to the movie.18.他们决定召They decided to recall their ambassador by way of protest.1.英雄是具有非凡品Heroes and heroines are people with unusual qualities.2.名流是因媒体炒作而出名Celebrities are people who become famous because of publicity through the media.3.在中国大陆，“爱人In China mainland, "sweet heart" often refers to a person's husband or wife.4.一个不能共患难的朋友A fair-weather friend is one who will desert you as soon as you are introuble.5.从广义上说，货币指Broadly speaking, money refers to anything generally accepted in exchange for other goods and services.6.一个坐在扶手椅里的An armchair revolutionary is one who talks about revolution, but who doesn't put what he says into practice.7.鲁教授说一个好教师应努力使自己成Professor Lu says that a good teacher is one who does all he/she can to make himself/herself unnecessary for the students.8.经济学定义为研究商品和服务的生产、分配和消费的社会Economics is defined as the social science that deals with the production, distribution and consumption of goods and services. 9.DVD是上面能储藏大量在计算机DVD is a disk on which large amounts of information, especially photographs and video can be stored, for use on a computer.10.《牛津高级学生词典》The Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary defines "workaholic" as "a person who works most of the time and finds it difficult to stop working in order to do other things".UNIT41、因为疯牛病Import of that country’s beef was suspended because of the mad cow scare.2、在战争期间During the war, they had to suspend the construction of the railway.3、吸毒是一件严重It was a serious offence to take drugs. Robert was suspended from school for two weeks.4、她正躺在悬挂She was reading in a hammock suspended from two tree branches.5这次暂停销售The sales suspension has brought us heavy losses.6 这也许是亚洲This is perhaps the longest suspension bridge in Asia.7这个作家善于制造悬念。

大学英语精读第四册UnitFour吉姆·索普导语：吉姆·索普作为一名不可思议的全能运动员，吉姆·索普获得过奥运会五项全能和十项全能冠军，他还参加过美式足球、棒球大联盟以及篮球比赛。

下面是一篇介绍吉姆·索普的英语课文，欢迎大家来阅读。

TextJim Thorpe, an American Indian, is generally accepted as the greatest all-round athlete of the first half of the 20th century. Yet the man, who brought glory to his nation, had a heartbreaking life. What caused his sadness and poverty?JIM THORPESteve GelmanThe railroad station was jammed. Students from Lafayette College were crowding onto the train platform eagerly awaiting the arrival of the Carlisle Indian school's track and field squad. No one would have believed it a few months earlier. A school that nobody had heard of was suddenly beating big, famous colleges in track meets. Surely these Carlisle athletes would come charging off the train, one after another, like a Marine battalion.The train finally arrived and two young men — one big and broad, the other small and slight — stepped onto the platform."Where's the track team?" a Lafayette student asked."This is the team," replied the big fellow."Just the two of you?""Nope, just me," said the big fellow. "This little guy is the manager."The Lafayette students shook their heads in wonder. Somebody must be playing a joke on them. If this big fellow was the whole Carlisle track team, he would be competing against anentire Lafayette squad.He did. He ran sprints, he ran hurdles, he ran distance races. He high-jumped, he broad-jumped. He threw the javelin and the shot. Finishing first in eight events, the big fellow beat the whole Lafayette team.The big fellow was Jim Thorpe, the greatest American athlete of modern times. He was born on May 28,1888, in a two-room farmhouse near Prague, Oklahoma. His parents were members of the Sac and Fox Indian tribe and he was a direct descendant of the famous warrior chief, Black Hawk.As a Sac and Fox, Jim had the colorful Indian name Wa-Tho-Huck. Which, translated, means Bright Path. But being born an Indian, his path was not so bright. Although he had the opportunity to hunt and fish with great Indian outdoorsmen, he was denied opportunity in other ways. The United States government controlled the lives of American Indians and, unlike other people, Indians did not automatically become citizens. It was almost impossible for an Indian to gain even a fair education and extremely difficult, as a result, for an Indian to rise high in life.Young Bright Path seemed destined to spend his life in the Oklahoma farmland. But when he was in his teens, the government gave him the chance to attend the Carlisle Indian School in Pennsylvania. Soon Carlisle was racing along its own bright path to athletic prominence. In whatever sport Jim Thorpe played, he excelled, He was a star in baseball, track and field, wrestling, lacrosse, basketball and football. He was so good in football, in fact, that most other small schools refused to play Carlisle. The Indian school's football schedule soon listed such major powers of the early twentieth century as Pittsburgh,Harvard, Pennsylvania, Penn State and Army.Thorpe was a halfback. He was six feet one inch tall, weighed 185 pounds and had incredible speed and power. He built upon these natural gifts daily. He would watch a coach or player demonstrate a difficult maneuver, then he would try it himself. Inevitably, he would master the maneuver within minutes.During every game, opponents piled on Thorpe, trampled him, kicked him and punched him, trying to put him out of action. They were never successful. Years later someone asked him if he had ever been hurt on the field. "Hurt?" Thorpe said. "How could anyone get hurt playing football?"But Jim never played his best when he felt he would have to no fun playing. "What's the fun of playing in the rain?" he once said. And his Carlisle coach, Pop Warner, once said, "There's no doubt that Jim had more talent than anybody who ever played football, but you could never tell when he felt like giving his best."Football, though, did not provide Thorpe with his finest hour. He was selected for the United States Olympic track team in 1912, and went to Sweden with the team for the Games. On the ship, while the other athletes limbered up, Thorpe slept in his bunk. In Sweden, while other athletes trained, Thorpe relaxed in a hammock. He never strained when he didn't feel it necessary.Thorpe came out of his hammock when the Games began, to take part in the two most demanding Olympic events. He entered the pentathlon competition, a test of skill in five events: 200-meter run, 1500-meter run, broad jump, discus and javelin; and the decathlon competition, a series of ten events: 100-meter run, 400-meter run, 1500-meter run, high hurdles, broad jump, high jump, pole vault, discus, javelin and shot put. Though most athletes were utterly exhausted by the decathlon alone, Thorpebreezed through both events, his dark hair flopping, his smile flashing, his muscled body gliding along the track. He finished first in both the pentathlon and decathlon, one of the great feats in Olympic history."You sir," King Gustav V of Sweden told Thorpe as he presented him with two gold medals, "are the greatest athlete in the world." And William Howard Taft, the President of the United States, said, "Jim Thorpe is the highest type of citizen."King Gustav V was correct, but President Taft was not. Though Jim Thorpe had brought great glory to his nation, though thousands of people cheered him upon his return to the United States and attended banquets and a New York parade in his honor, he was not a citizen. He did not become one until 1916. Even then, it took a special government ruling because he was an Indian.Jim Thorpe was a hero after the Olympics and a sad, bewildered man not too much later. Someone discovered that two years before the Olympics he had been paid a few dollars to play semiprofessional baseball. Though many amateur athletes had played for pay under false names, Thorpe had used his own name. As a result, he was not technically an amateur when he competed at Stockholm as all Olympic athletes must be. His Olympic medals and trophies were taken away from him and given to the runners-up.After this heartbreaking experience, Thorpe turned to professional sports. He played major league baseball for six years and did fairly well. Then he played professional football for six years with spectacular success. His last professional football season was in 1926. After that, his youthful indifference to studies and his unwillingness to think of a nonsports career caught upwith him. He had trouble finding a job, and his friends deserted him. He periodically asked for, but never was given back, his Olympic prizes. From 1926 until his death in 1953, he lived a poor, lonely, unhappy life.But in 1950 the Associated Press held a poll to determine the outstanding athlete of the half-century. Despite his loss of the Olympic gold medals and a sad decline in fortune during his later years, Thorpe was almost unanimously chosen the greatest athlete of modern times.New Wordsjamv. fill or block up (the way) by crowding; (cause to ) be packed, pressed, or crushed tightly into a small space 堵塞;(使)塞满platformn. a raised flat surface built along the side of the track at a railway station for travellers getting on or off a train 月台awaitvt. wait for; look forward totrackn. a course for running or racing; track-and-field sports, esp. those performed on a running track 跑道;径赛运动;田径运动fieldn. an area, esp. circled by a track where contests such as in jumping or throwing are held; the sports contested in this area 田赛场地;田赛运动squadn. a small group of persons working, training, or acting together; the smallest military unit, usually made up of eleven men and a squad leader 小队;班chargevi rush in or as if in an attack 向前冲;冲锋Marinen. a member of the U.S. Marine Corps (美国)海军陆战队士兵或军官battalionn. military unit made up of several companies 营broada. wide, large across 宽的，广阔的nopead. (AmE sl.) nocompetevi. take part in a race, contest, etc.' try to win sth. in competition with sb. else 比赛;竞争sprintn. short race; dash 短跑vi. run at one's fastest speed, esp. for a short distancehurdlen. a light frame for people or horses to jump over in a race 栏;跳栏broad(-) jumpn.& vi. (AmE) (do) a long jump 跳远javelinn. light spear for throwing (usu. in sport) 标枪shotn. the heavy metal ball used in the shot put 铅球triben. 部落descendantn. a person descended from another or from a common stock 子孙;后裔warriorn. a man who fights for his tribe; a soldier or experienced fighter 斗士，勇士;(老)战士colorfula. full of color; exciting the senses or imagination 艳丽的;丰富多彩的huntv. go after (wild animals) for food or sport; search (for) 追猎，打猎;搜寻outdoorsmann. a man, such as a hunter, fisherman, or camper, who spends much time outdoors for pleasuredenyvt. say that (sth.) is not true; refuse to give 否认;拒绝给予destinevt. (usu. passive) intend or decide by fate; intend for some special purpose 命中注定;预定farmlandn. land used or suitable for farming 农田teensn. the period of one's life between and including the ages of 13 and 19prominencen. the quality or fact of being prominent or distinguished 凹出;杰出prominent a.excelvi. be very good (in or at sth) 突出，超常wrestlingn. a sport or contest in which each of two opponents tries tothrow or force the other to the ground 摔跤(运动)wrestle v.lacrossen. 长曲棍球(运动)footballn. 橄榄球(运动)powern. a person, group or nation that has authority or influence 握有大权的人物;有影响的机构;强国halfbackn. (橄榄球、足球等)前卫incrediblea. too extraordinary to be believed, unbelievable 难以置信的coachn. a person who trains sportsmen for games, competitions, etc. 教练demonstratevt. explain by carrying out experiments or by showing examples 用实验或实例说明;演示maneuvern. a skillful move or trick, intended to deceive, to gain sth., to escape, or to do sth. 机动动作;策略;花招opponentn. a person who is on the other side in a fight, game, or discussion 对手;反对者tramplevt. step heavily with the feet on; crush under the feet 踩;践踏punchvt. strike (sb. or sth.) hard with the fist 用拳猛击Olympica. of or connected with the Olympic Gameslimberv. make or become flexible (使)变得柔软灵活bunkn. a narrow bed fixed on the wall, e.g. of a cabin in a ship or in a train 床铺，铺位hammockn. a hanging bed of canvas or rope network, e.g. as used by sailors, or in gardens (帆布或网状)吊床strainvi. make violent efforts; strive hard 尽力，使劲demandinga. making severe demands 要求高的.;苛求的pentathlonn. an athletic contest in which each contestant takes part in five events 五项运动competitionn. competing; contest; matchdiscusn. a heavy, circular plate of rubber, plastic or wood with a metal rim 铁饼decathlonn. an athletic contest consisting of ten events 十项运动shot putn. a competition to throw a heavy metal ball the furthest distance 推铅球utterlyad. completely; totallyutter a.breezevi. move or go quickly and in a carelessly confident way 轻快地行动flopvi. move or bounce loosely 扑动flashvi. give out sudden, brief light or flame; shine or gleam 闪光;闪烁glidevi. move in a smooth continuous manner which seems easy and without effort 滑动，滑行featn. an act showing great skill, strength, or daring; a remarkable deed, notable esp. for courage 武功;技艺;功绩gloryn. high fame and honour won by great achievements; sth. deserving respect and honour 光荣，荣誉;荣誉的事banquetn. a dinner for many people, at which speeches are made, in honour of a special person or occasion 宴会rulingn. an official decision 裁决Olympicn. Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会professionala. done by, played by, or made up of people who are paid 职业的n. a person who lives on the money he earns by practising a particular skill or sport 以特定职业谋生的人amateurn. a person playing a game, taking part in sports, etc. withoutreceiving payment 业余爱好者a. of, by, or with amateurs; not paid lacking skill 业余的technicallyad. in technical terms; in a technical sense; according to fixed rules 技术上;按规则trophyn. a prize given for winning a race, competition, or test of skill 奖品runner-upn. a player or team that comes second in a contest 亚军heartbreakinga. causing great sorrow or grief; extremely distressing 令人心碎的leaguen. a group of sports clubs or teams that play matches among themselves 联赛协会spectaculara. strikingly grand or unusual 壮观的;惊人的seasonn. the period of time during which a sport is played 赛季youthfula. young; having the qualities of young peopleindifferencen. absence of interest or feeling 不关心，冷漠indifferent a.periodicallyad. at regular intervals, every now and thenoutstandinga. much better than most others; very good 杰出的despiteprep. in spite ofdeclinen. losing of power, strength, wealth, or beauty; falling to a lower level 衰落;下降unanimouslya. with complete agreement; without a single opposing vote 一致地;无异议地区性Phrase & Expressionstrack and fieldthe sport or athletic events, such as running, jumping and weight throwing performed on a running track and on the adjacent field 田径运动play a joke on sb.do sth. to make other people laugh at someone 同某人开玩笑put……out of actionstop……working, make……unfit for a typical activity 使停止工作;使不再起作用;使失去战斗力limber upmake the muscles stretch easily by exercise, esp. before violent exercise (比赛等前)做准备活动take part inhave a share or part in; join in 参加breeze throughproceed with effortlessly in a carefree manner 轻而易举地完成in one's hono(u)r/in向……表示敬意;为庆祝……;为纪念……hono(u)r ofcatch up withhave the expected ill effect or result on 对……产生预期恶果Proper NamesThorpe索普Lafayette College拉斐德学院Carlisle Indian School卡尔印第安人学校Prague布拉格(文中指美国地名)Oklaboma俄国拉何马(美国州名)Sac and Fox印第安人部落之一Black Hawk黑隼(印第安人首领名)pennsylvania宾夕法尼亚(美国州名)Pittsburgh匹兹堡(美国城市)Penn(short for) PennsylvaniaPop Warner波伯.沃纳Sweden瑞典Gustav V古斯塔夫五世William Howard Taft威谦.霍华德.塔夫脱Stockholm斯德哥尔摩(瑞典首都)the Associated Press联合通讯(简称美联社)(美国通讯社名)【大学英语精读第四册Unit Four吉姆·索普】。

When dad told us about the delivery work it sounded easy, just a piece of cake. The trouble was, we didn’t take care to inquire just how much material was involved. Before long trucks seemed to be pulling up outside our house all day long, leaving stacks of advertising. It seemed we should have no chance of meeting the deadline. The we had this marvelous idea. Hiring local kids to help would enable us to get the job done on time. True, it would cut into our profits, but there was no alternative. things seemed to be going well, but then we had trouble over a pay claim. Our workers demanded five dollars an hour, but fortunately for us they were ready to settle for less. As for us, when we finally settled our accounts we ended up earning less than the minimum wage for our efforts. I guess we should have know better than to believe that big bucks come easy.While it is often said that love makes the world go round, scientists take a less romantic view. To their minds, energy is the fundamental force at work. All animal life is dependent on obtaining sufficient energy from food. Deer, like other wild animals, do this through eating as much food as possible in the summer, when food resources are abundant. Any excess of energy over their current needs is deposited in the body in the form of fat. Then, when food becomes scarce in the winter, they can live off the fat. In addition, nature helps them to survive the winter by slowing down their metabolism, assisting them to pull through the cold weather. However, when the winter is particularly harsh, deer may have to draw on the fat they have built up more heavily. Under such conditions, only deer in good condition are able to survive to give birth to a new generation.In his essay George Orwell starts off by citing Bernard Shaw’s remark that people are more superstitious today than they were in the Middle Ages. They promptly accept the opinions of experts without asking any questions themselves. Obviously Shaw exaggerates just in order to prove his point that we should not always fall back on the theories of well-known authorities. Rather, we should aim at finding out some things for ourselves. By way of illustration, Orwell outlines arguments against the Flat Earth and the Oval Earth theories, thus throwing light on the fact that much of our knowledge actually rests on authority rather than on reasoning or on experiment. Finally, Orwell draws his conclusion that ours is a credulous age partly because we have such an exceptionally heavy burden of knowledge.The last time Lyz saw her husband was as he waved goodbye to her from the steps of their house. He was due to fly off on business later that day. Unluckily for him his flight was cancelled and he found himself having to take United Flight 93 the following day. It was from on board that ill-fated flight that he telephoned with the news that hijackers had threatened to blow up the aircraft. Cursing his bad luck, he nonetheless realized that his fate was in his own hands. Hoping that the terrorists were bluffing when they claimed to have a bomb, he and some other passengers decided to act. Without hanging up, he set off with the others to attack the hijackers. From the telephone came the sound of screams. Then silence.Whether or not to tell the seriously ill about their true condition has long been a dilemma for medical professionals. Many doctors believe that concealing the facts from those patients will benefit them psychologically and may help them recover. But new studies show that contrary to this widespread belief, the overwhelming majority of patients want to be told the truth, even in the case of grave illnesses. If they are not, they feel betrayed and misled. As it is, lying makes it difficult for patients to make choices concerning their own health. And keeping a dying patient in the dark prevents him from making decisions about the end of his life. Lying can also cause doctors to lose their integrity and credibility and dose harm to colleagues who are honest with their patients. In the long run, lying hurts the entire medical profession. As a consequence of the current concerns, many hospitals have adopted patients’ bills of rights, but patients still need to be wary because the days if physicians deceiving patients are certainly not over yet and many never be.We all know that we need to “read between the lines” of a text, but some people find writing between them just as helpful. For making books can be a useful tool at times. This is not true of all books, of course. It would clearly be wrong to scribble notes in a magnificent leather-bound first edition that has been preserved unmarked. Nor would writing on works we just dip into for light entertainment be appropriate. But with one’s own textbooks, marking may have a place. For reading is not just a passive transfer of information from the page to the eye. Reading is a much more active process, in which we need to think through and question what we read in order to integrate it into our existing knowledge. Setting down our ideas on the page as we read and underlining those points we find particularly relevant can have a part to play here. So, next time you sit down to study, instead of letting your eyes just glide lazily over the page, reach for your pen!。

UNIT1思考作为一种嗜好当我还是个孩子的时候，我就得出了思考分三种等级的结论。

后来思考成了嗜好，我进而得出了一个更加离奇的结论，那就是：我自己根本不会思考。

第一个把思考这个问题带到我面前的是我文法学校的校长。

他的办公室里有一些小雕像。

就在他书桌后面一个高高的橱柜上面。

其中一位女士除了一条浴巾外一丝不挂。

她好象被永远地冻结在对浴巾再往下滑的恐惧中了。

而不幸的是她没有手臂，所以无法把浴巾拉上来。

在她的身边蜷伏着一头美洲豹，好象随时都会往下跳到档案橱柜最上层的抽屉上去。

在豹子的另一边端坐着一个健硕的裸体男子，他手肘支在膝头，手握拳托着腮帮子，全然一副痛苦不堪的样子。

过了一些时候，我对这些雕像有了一些了解。

才知道校长把它们放在正对着犯错的孩子的位置是因为对校长来说这些雕像象征着整个生命。

那位裸体的女士是维纳丝。

她象征着爱。

她不是在为浴巾担心，而是忙着显示美丽。

美洲豹象征着自然，它在那里显得很自然而已。

那位健硕的裸体男子并不痛苦，他是洛丁的思索者，一个纯粹思索的象征。

我想我得解释一下，我是校长办公室的常客，为我最近做过或者没做的事情。

用现在的话来说我是不堪教化的。

甚至还不如说，我是顽劣不羁，头脑迷糊的。

每次在校长桌前接受处罚，那些雕像在他上方白晃晃地耀眼时，我就会垂下头，在身后紧扣双手，两只鞋不停地蹭来蹭去。

校长看着我然后说，“我们该拿你怎么办呢？”哦，他们要拿我怎么办呢？我盯着旧地毯更狠命地蹂躏我的鞋。

“抬起头来，孩子！你就不能抬起头来吗？”然后我就会抬起头来看橱柜，看着裸体女士被冻结在恐惧中，健硕的男子无限忧郁地凝视着猎豹的后腿。

我跟校长没什么好说的。

他的镜片反光，所以我看不到镜片后面有什么人性的东西，所以没有交流的可能。

“你从来都不动脑筋思考的吗？”不，我不思考，刚才没思考，也不会思考——我只是在痛苦地等待接见结束。

“那你最好学一学——你学了吗？”有一次，校长跳起身来伸手取下洛丁的杰作重重地放在我面前的桌上。

Book4Unit 1 Big Bucks The Easy WayTeaching Time: 4 hoursStudents’ level:Sophomores of non-English majors in the 2nd semester.Teaching Objectives:1.Help Ss get to know the lesson “No pains, no gains” and there is no “big bucks theeasy way”.2.About the text, Ss should grasp the text content, text structure, basic vocabulariesand required grammar points of the section.Words: cash, echo, competitive, leisurely, pain, sour, finance, marvelous, party, stack, cram, harm, minimum, range, thoughtful, deadline, inform, normally,sale, trash, delivery, inquire, odd, shrinkPhrases & Expressions: pull up, a piece of cake, even as, know better than, be at, make a dent, cut into, have no business, settle for, settle one’s account, quiteawhile, draw attention to, for sale, for rent, be done with, may as well Grammar: p143. About the reading, Ss should learn avoiding vocalization and inner speech.4. About the writing, Ss should learn word choice..5. About the listening, Ss finish the Unit 1 directed by teacher.Teaching Procedures:I. Pre-reading Activities1.Background information1)Montgomery Ward2)Sears,3)Roebuck2.Warm-up questions1)Do you depend on your parents financially?2)Is it easy to earn money by working part-time?3)Are there any easy ways to make much money?3.Key words and expressions:New words and old wordTeacher students(old words or expressions) (new ones)U.S. dollar buckDoor handle doorknobUnhurried leisurelyRelaxed leisurelyProfitable lucrativeSent out deliverEndure live withBeg panhandleTell informFill cramTie bandIncrease reproduceExtra money bonusPart sectionA path walkAn easy job a piece of cakePay settleHave no reason have no businessCome to terms with settle forStrange oddMoney financeFinish be done with English and Chinese phrasesTeacher(Chinese) Students( English)考虑look into总是all the time可以容忍live with令我痛心it pains me易如反掌 a piece of cake壮汉 a big guy干快些get busy好几卡车的truck loads of百货商店department store廉价商店 a dime store小杂货店drug store汽车行auto store外卖餐馆takeout restaurant提高嗓门voice rises超过极限out of the range of恍然大悟work a profound change in 教会某人做人work a profound change inone’s personality 经过调解in mediation结账settle the account劳务支出labor cost相同数额 a like amount托某人做enlist sb. To doII. While-reading Activities1.Ss have the silent reading on the text (10 mins)2.Text and questions for discussionLines 1-91.what did the father tell his college sons to think about?(to deliver bags of magazines to make some of their own money.)2.what was the father worried about?( the sons would become used to or feel content with living by asking for money all the time.)Lines 10-221.why did the mother phone the father?( she wanted him to know what was going on at home.)2.How do you understand the word “super” she snapped?( “super” means very good. But,she “snapped” it, which means she was very angry.She was being sarcastic,i.e. she meant the opposite of what she said.)3.can you paraphrase the sentence “Another truck just pulled up out front”?(Another truck has stopped outside in front of our hous to deliver more materials.) Lines 23-291.which company did the two sons do the delivery job for?( the Sunday Newspaper Company.)2.why did each truck deliver 4000 of the inserts?( Each one was from a different company and had the ads the sons were required to deliver to 4000 houses.)3.why did he think so?( He had no idea of how much work it would mean.)Lines 30-35What did the father mean when he said “they are college men.”?He meant that they were grown-ups, and should be capable of dealing with the situation.Lines 36-501.In what cases does people’s voice become unnaturally high and quavering?When they are excited, angry, upset and the like.2.what does “magazine sections” mean?Parts of magazines, 8 or 12 pages long.3.how many steps are there in the process before delivering?Five: take out, roll, slip, band and slide.Lines 51-661.what do you think of the father’s answer?Clever and sensible. It is a lie, a harmless lie, one told in order to avoid upsetting somebody.2.why did the father say “That’s encouraging”?the sons were learning how to solve the problem of manpower shortage;they hired other people to help, and learnt to improve efficiency by establishing assembly lines.3.why did the mother say “it is very discouraging”?the measures weren’ working at all.Lines 67-771.what do you think of the father’s bon us program？It is reasonable and logical. Bonus is a popular incentive that management adopts. Sometimes we have to lose something in order to gain something. If you are reluctant to use a small bait, you can hardly get a big fish.2.did the son understand that at first thought?No. he thought the more the workers got, the less he obtained.3.why did the son answer “Yes, Sir”?he had come to realize it was a business and he took the father’s instructions as and order.Lines 78-861.what does “see the color of cash” mean?See Note 7 in your text book.2.what’s the difference between the original payment and the demanded one?The original payment was five dollars per person, shile now they demanded five dollars per hour.3.who probably played the mediating role?The mother.Lines 87-94Why did the son think it “enough”?No matter how much, it was the money they made by themselves with great efforts and they learnt a lot from the experience.Lines 95-1091.what did the youngest sons learn from their college brothers?They learnt to make their own money in order to avoid having to ask for money all the time.2.what were they going to do to try to earn money?They were going to sell or rent the family’s books.3.do you agree “you’re never done with books”?Yes. Because………No. bec ause ………..3.T asks Ss to come out the main idea, structure of the text (10mins)4.T summarizes the main idea and structure of the text (5 mins)III. Post-reading Activities1.Let the students do the exercises in the textbook which are related to the newwords.2.Ss hand in the summary of the text.Summary questions and concluding remarks1) Do you think it necessary for the sons to make some money for themselves?Give reasons for your answer.I think it necessary…….because………..2) what do you think is needed in accomplishing something difficult?I think it is self-confidence, perseverance, co-operation or team work,reasonable management, strategies of solving problems, etc.3)what is the father’s tone in telling the story?The tone is light and ironic because the story is meant to be funny. The problem in the story was one that people think is very serious when it happens, but later they can laugh about.3.Ss discuss the questions on the topic related to the text.4.Let Ss do the exercises in the text book which are mainly related to thenew words and topic.5. Exercise:Sentence making in dialoguesTeacher: now I’d like you to complete the following dialogues by making Sentences with the giver phrases.Pull up1.what do you ask your driver to do when you reach your destination?I ask the driver to pull up near the place I want to go.2.what does a bus driver do when a passenger wants to get off?He pulls up at a bus stop.3.what does the red light mean to a moving vehicle?It means that the vehicle must pull up at the zebra.A piece of cake1.can you recite the 26 English letters?Sure. It’s a piece of cake.2.do you think it difficult to use a tape recorder?No. it’s a piece of cake.Make a dent in1.have you finished your outline?No, I’ve hardly made a dent in it.2.How are you getting along with your project?We have made only a small dent in it.Cut into1.do you watch TV in your study period?No. that would cut into my study time.2.what cuts into the factory’s profit?The rise of the labor costs, material prices, the increased consumption of power, etc.Settle for1.if you can’t sell your bicycle at a high price, what will you do?I have to settle for a lower price.2.If you can’t get a well-paid job, will you settle for a lower-paid job?Might/may/could as well1.what do you suggest we do during the winter vacation?If you have nothing to do, you might as well take up a part-time job.2.what should I do if I can’t afford a house?You may as well rent an apartment and set aside your money for a new house.Unit 2 Deer and The Energy CycleTeaching Time: 4 hoursStudents’ level:Sophomores of non-English majors in the 2nd semester.Teaching Objectives:1.Get Ss to know the energy cycle and instruct them to observe the animal’s living instinct in order to value the natural resource; learn about food-enery-life-death.2.About the text, Ss should grasp the text content, text structure, basic vocabularies and required grammar points of the section.Words: tendency, rate, area, plentiful, possessions, currency, scarce, ample, drowsy, fundamental, accumulate, internal, hencePhrases & Expressions: to meet the needs, turn of mind, convert intoGrammar:3. About the reading, Ss should know the usage of dictionary.4. About the writing, Ss should get to know the writing skill—coherence .5. About the listening, Ss finish the Unit 2 directed by teacher.Teaching Procedures:I. Pre-reading Activities1. Warm-up questions1)Allow Ss to go over the text for 10 mins.2)Ask them to list the facts about the life of deer in the four seasonsrespectively.3)Sum up Ss’s results2. Introductory remarks:1) What do you think life depends on?Money, love, or something else?2) where does energy come from?Food, spirit, God, or what?3)what happens to life there is no food , or source of energy?if life useless after it comes to an end?4) Life is energy, isn’t it? What do you think?The planet we live on is made up of 2 major components: living organisms and inorganic substances. As far as living things are concerned, life spans vary. Some may live for thousands of years, while others live only a few seconds. Regardless of the this difference, every life develops from a lower stage to a higher stage until its death, and every species develops in this way, too. But what makes life perform in this way? What happens after life? Our earth has been functioning for billions of years. What has made it work for so long? Let’s have a careful study of the text 3. New words and phrases studyStudy of the words and phrasesNew words and old wordsTeacher students(old words or expressions) (new ones)tendency turn of mindmoney currencychange into convert intoautumn fallsomething stored reservesrare scarceto satisfy the demands to meet the needsarea regionplentiful amplepossessions resourcestore depositspend expendsleepy drowsybecome liquid meltat the same time meanwhilebasic fundamentaltherefore hencecollect accumulateinside internalsmall wooden house cabinEnglish and Chinese PhrasesTeacher(Chinese) students(English)注重/有……的倾向 a … turn of mind生态系统an ecological system 倚赖to depend on年复一年from year to year尽可能多as much as one can旺季times of plenty储存的脂肪reserves of fat/stored fat 不甚出名,鲜为人知less well known能说明问题的例子 a good case in point营养食品nutritious food生理成熟physically mature生育to give birth to食物资源food resources熬过冬天to survive the winter/to pull through the winter 大雪deep snow小雪light snow基本规律 a fundamental ruleII. While-reading Activities1.Text and questions for discussion .Lines 1-61.what does “love makes the world go round” mean?People with a romantic turn of mind think that love, romantic love, is what makes life worth living..2.why does the author say t hat energy is the “currency” of the ecological system?An ecological system is all the plants, animals and people, and their surroundings, considered as a whole, In the commercial world, money is the currency , or means of survival. For life, the most important support is food, the source of energy for life, which allows growth, reproduction, and survival.Lines 7-121.what do wild animals do with the food in different seasons? Why do they do so?Wild animals seem to know when there will be plenty of food and when there won’t. so they eat as much as they can when there is plenty of food so that they can become fat and strong and grow well. In winter, they have little to eat. But they do not starve because the fat they have stored in their bodies brings them through this hard time.Lines 13-221.what does “ this is good timing” mean?This means that the female deer uses the most suitable seasons, i.e.summer and fall, for the birth of fawns and the production of milk because both the conception and production cost the female deer much energy and in both seasons there is plenty of food, which meet the deer’s physical needs.Lines 23-311.to what does the author compare the process of fat reserving?A bank savings account, from which one can draw when he needs the money. Lines 32-441.what is the phenomenon of lowering metabolism?The heart rate slows. The animal becomes slow and drowsy. Therefore, the use of and need for energy is reduced.2.what protects the deer from cold winter? How does it work?They undergo physical and internal physiological changes, i.e. the hair growth andthe slow metabolism. The thick hair keeps the deer warm and the slow metabolism makes the deer consume less energy, which is stored in the form of fat for use when they need it for growth.Lines 45-561.what decreases as winter progresses?The deer’s activities.2.why were people advised to behave like that?To use less oil and electricity for conserving energy to pull through the crisis.3.what does the author imply by “watched the deer”?He implies that men can learn from the deer to reduce unnecessary cost of energy. Lines 57-641.“…to pull them through”. Can you say it in other words?…to help them survive the winter.2.what is the fundamental rule of life?The more fat the deer reserve, the more chance there is for them to survive the crises. Only the largest and strongest are likely to survive.3.Is the fundamental rule of life applicable to human beings?Yes. If we human beings do not protect nature and ourselves by saving energy, we will be punished by nature and will eventually be wiped out from this planet. Lines 65-681.what is the life cycle?Food-energy-life-survival-reproduction-death-food-energy-other life… .Food –energy-seek more food-new energy-food…..Energy is vital to our world. But energy is not always plentiful. The supply can vary, either seasonally or for other reasons. Some animals, the white-tailed deer, for instance, have developed natural ways or varying their own use of energy with the variations of the supply. Human beings can and should learn this lesson for their own survival.2. Teacher explains the key points in detailsturn of mind1.what is your turn of mind?I have a logical turn of mind, or literary/critical/philosophic/humorous/optimisticturn of mind.2.what kind of person is likely to create things?A person of a creative turn of mind is likely to create things.3.what words can you use to describe people of different turns of mind?Down-to-earth, poetic, business-like, humorous, etc.Depend on1.How do crops grow?They depend on the sunlight,water, and fertilizer for growth.2.How are the prices of commodities set?They mainly depend on the relation between demand and supply.A case in point1.can you give an example of a successful person?Yes. A case in point is Thomas Edison, a great inventor.2.can anything heavier than air stay in the sky?Yes. A case in point is the helicopter.3.How can we conclude that a person is selfish.A case in point is…Meet…needs1.why do people drink so much water on the sports ground?They have to meet their body’s needs for water as they play in the sun.2.why does a factory install another assembly line?They want to meet the needs of increasing production.Draw on1.How can a good writer write so many interesting stories?He draws on his experience, knowledge, observation, perception and interpretation of life for the material of his stories.2.How can a person put forward such a peculiar idea?I think he’s drawn on his imagination.Slow down1.what is a driver expected to do if a police car comes towards or follows him/her?He/she is expected to slow down and then stop by the road side.2.what does a runner do after he passes the finish line?He slows down and stops.Pull through1.what should you do in face of difficulties?I should use my skills, work hard,and sometim es I should take somebody’s advice.This might help to pull me through the difficulties.2.why was the little boy, Schatz,waiting for death?He believed he had a fatally high temperature and would not pull through.3.T asks Ss to come out the main idea, structure of the text (10mins)4.T summarizes the main idea and structure of the text (5 mins)III. Post-reading Activities1.Let the students do the exercises in the textbook which are related to the new words.2.Ss hand in the summary of the text.3.Ss discuss the questions on the topic related to the text.4.Let Ss do the exercises in the text book which are mainly related to the newwords and topic.Unit 3 Why Do We Believe That The Earth Is Round? Teaching Time: 4 hoursStudents’ level:Sophomores of non-English majors in the 2nd semester.Teaching Objectives:1.Get Ss to know the author’s purpose is to teach Ss to have a correct attitude towards knowledge and accepting of knowledge by taking the examples of other’s arguments of the shape of Earth.2 About the text, Ss should grasp the text content, text structure, basic vocabularies and required grammar points of the section.Words: preface, remark, cite, exaggerate, mast, appeal, analogy, cast, precarious, produce, burden, botherPhrases & Expressions: appeal to, follow up, for the sake of, throw light on, shaped like, cast on, fall back on, stray away from,Grammar:3. About the reading, Ss should know the reading skills of telling difference bwteenfacts and opinion sentences.4. About the writing, Ss should get to know the writing skill—coherence.5. About the listening, Ss finish the Unit 3 directed by teacher.Teaching Procedures:I. Pre-reading Activities1.Background information1)George Orwell2)George BernardShaw3)The Flat Earth Theory and the Round Earth Theory4)Eclipses5)Playing Cards6)Comrade MaoTse-tung on knowledge, on Direct Experience and IndirectExperience2. warm-up questions and introductory remarks1)Do you believe that the earth is round? Why?Yes, I do, because science proves that it is true.2) Have you heard of other conclusions about the shape of the earth?What are they? Why don’t you believe them?Yes. The earth was said to be flat or oval. I don’t believe them because the photos from satellites or the scenes of eclipses show that it’s round.2)why is “the earth is round” put in a question?3.Key words and expressions:study of the words and phrasesnew words and old wordsteacher students(old words or expressions) (new ones)forward prefacesay,argue remarkquote citesimply merelyaccept without question swallowoverstate exaggerateattract appeal tofor the good of for the sake ofpole on a ship mastbend curvecomparison analogyquickly promptlyround plate discthrow castgo to aim atinsecure precariousturn to for help fall back onin another way otherwisemove from stray away fromshow produceload burdentake trouble botherEnglish and Chinese PhrasesTeacher(Chinese) students(English)在某处somewhere or other序言the preface to中世纪the middle ages普遍认为the widespread belief that 普通人the ordinary citizen迎合口味appeal to我的…完蛋了bang goes my…求助于fall back on不屑一顾would not even bother to反驳say…against天体heavenly body由此可见it will be seen that靠不住的理由precarious reasons知识面the range of knowledge 无力的论据weak argumentII. While-reading Activities1.Ss have the silent reading on the text (10 mins)2.T explains the text in details.Appeal to1.do detective films appeal to you?Yes, ….No, … .2.what kinds of books appeal most to youth?Books on …3.why are children’s clothes colorful?Bright and colorful clothes usually appeal to children.Follow up1.what do the police do if a case is reported to them?They follow up the case.2.what do you do if you read an interesting story series on a newspaper?I follow it up.For the sake of1.what do people usually do for the sake of health?They eat healthy f ood, do exercises and don’t smoke,don’t…2.why is it necessary to widen the streets?It’s necessary to widen the streets for the sake of a smoother flow of traffic. Throw light on1.what is the use of the background knowledge of a story?It throws light on it.2.why are illustrations, data and charts or tables necessary in scientific reports orbusiness presentations?They throw light on the reports and presentations.Shaped like1.Why is a UFO also called a flying saucer?It is shaped like a saucer.2.what is a space shuttle like?It is shaped like a huge plane.Cast on1.what can you see on a moon-lit night in the open?I can see my shadow cast on the ground.I can see the shadows of the trees cast on the wall/window.Fall back on1.why do you set aside some money every month?I set aside some money every month so that I can fall back on it if I get sick orbecome unemployed.2.what do you do when you get lost in a new city?I fell back on the police.Stray away from1.what must you bear in mind when you walk along a path in an area of swamp?I must not stray away from the path.2.what kind of people don’t you like to talk to?I don’t like to talk to those who often stray away from the topic.Text and questions for discussionLines1-71.why is “ Saint Joan” in italics?It is the name of a play. See note 3 in your textbook.2.who is Bernard Shaw?See Note 4 in your textbook. He is widely considered the treatest British dramatist since Shakespeare. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1925. For more details, refer to Note 1,2. in Teacher’s book.3.what do “gullible and superstitious” mean?Gullible means willing to believe anything or anyone, easily deceived.“superstitious” means willing to believe something that cannot be explained by reason or science or that brings good or bad luck.4.can you paraphrase “swallows this theory”?accepting the theroy blindly without questioning and suspicions.Lines 8-131.what does “it” refer to in the sentence “ the light it throws on modernknowledge”?It refers to “ the question”2.what is the question that is worth following up?Are we too gullible and superstitious today?3.why does the author only tend to speak of ordinary men when answering why webelieve that the earth is round?Ordinary men don’t have the espertise to prove it scientifica lly.Lines 14-191.why is a distant ship invisible but its mast and funnel can be seen from theseashore?Look at the picture on the next page.2.can you paraphrase “what can I say against it?”I can refute the Flat Earth theory but I need more proofs to refute the Oval Earththeory.Lines 20-261.does the author really “play cards”?no. this is a figure of speech used to mean preenting an argument point by point.“the first card I can play” means the first pointi can make to support my argument.2.what does “analogy of the sun and moon” mean?To compare the earth to the sun and the moon.Lines 27-311.when does a lunar eclipse occur?When the earth passes between the sun and the moon and blocks the sunlight, or casts its shadow onto the moon, a lunar eclipse occurs.e the Oval Earth theory to refute the author’s eclipse argument.The shadow cast on the moon is round, but it doesn’t follow that the earth is spherical. It may perfectly well be flat like a disc.3.what is the author’s argument about the eclipses based on?Publications, such as newspapers and magazines.Lines 32-391.what does the author mean by “ the minor exchanges?”the less important points of debate.2.what does the author think of his previous defeats?He considers them minor/unimportant points, and he is hopeful to win in thedebate.3.who is Royal?See note 6.4.which is higher, Queen,King, or Ace?King is higher than Queen,and Ace is higher than King.5.can you paraphrase the last sentence?Refer to note 23.Lines 40-461.what does “bang goes my ace” mean?My ace doesn’t work. I lose my ace. My argument isn’t conclusive.2.what does the author think of his “ last card”?he believes that the last point of his argument defeats the Oval Earth man.Lines 47-601.what does the author think of his evidence?He doesn’t t hink it convincing enough.2.what does “an exceptionally elementary piece of information” mean?A piece of information that everyone knows.3.what is this piece of information?The earth is round.4.can you use a Chinese saying to explain “when the range of know ledge is so vasthat the expert himself is an ignoramus as soon as he strays away from his own specialty”?隔行如隔山5.what does “ credulous” mean?Ready to believe, without evidence.3.T asks Ss to come out the main idea, structure of the text (10mins)Summary questions and Concluding remarks1.what cards does the author play to refute opinions different from his?The phenomenon of the seashore view, the analogy of the sun and the moon, the earth’s shadow, the newspapers and books, the opinions of the experts, andnavigation.2.do you have any other cards to support the author?High above on a plane, we can see the curved horizon, still higher above in a space ship, astronauts tell us that the earth is round, like a ball. Pictures taken from spaceships or sky labs show the earth in no other shape than spherical.3.can you sum up the main idea of this text?III. Post-reading Activities1.Let the students do the exercises in the textbook which are related to the new words.2.Ss hand in the summary of the text.3.Ss discuss the questions on the topic related to the text.4.Let Ss do the exercises in the text book which are mainly related to the new words and topic.Unit 4 Jim ThorpeTeaching Time: 4 hoursStudents’ level:Sophomores of non-English majors in the 2nd semester.Teaching Objectives:1.Get Ss to know Thorpe’s experiences before and after his career success and the influence of racial discrimination towards American Indians.2.About the text, Ss should grasp the text content, text structure, basic vocabularies and required grammar points of the section.Words: await, arrival, beat, opponent, bunk, strain, utterly, glide, bewildered, desert, declinePhrases & Expressions: build on, breeze through, catch up withGrammar:3. About the reading, Ss should know the usage skimming.4. About the writing, Ss should get to know how to write a recount.5. About the listening, Ss finish the Unit 4 directed by teacher.Teaching Procedures:I. Pre-reading Activities1.Background information2.Introductory remarks: This is a well-known story. The story may not be true,3.Warm-up questions1) who was Jim Thorpe?He was an American Indian, was a great athlete. He won both the pentathlon and the decathlon, the two most demanding Olympic events, in the 1912 Stockholm Olympic Games.2)Can you say anything about Olympic Games?---what is the symbol?Five interlocking circles,red,blue, yellow, black and green, on a white field representing the continents of the world joined in friendship.3)what is the motto?。

现代大学英语精读4lesson1知识点Detailed study of the text[Paragraph 1]1. conclusion:a) sth you describe after considering all the information you havee.g. come to / arrive at / jump to/ reach / draw a conclusionThe police came to the inescapable conclusion that the children had beenmurdered.There were perhaps two main conclusions to be drawn from the abovediscussion.All the facts justify the conclusion that he is guilty.b) the end or final part of sthe.g. At the conclusion of the conference, little progress has been made.c) in conclusion: used in a piece of writing or a speech to show that you are about to finish what you are sayinge.g. In conclusion, I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today. conclude v.concluding adj.: the last remark etc in an event or piece of writingconclusive adj. showing that sth is definitely truethe _________ section of Chapter 6The investigation failed to provide any ________ evidence.[ Paragraph 2]2. statuette n.a very small statue that can be put on a table or shelf-ette suffix (in noun):a) a small thing of a particular typee.g. a kitchenette (= small kitchen) a snackette (= a very small meal),roomette, essayette, storiette, cigarette, parasolette, historiette,b) a woman who is doing a particular jobe.g. an usherette (= female usher), sailorette, conductrette, typette, undergraduette c) sth that is not real, but is imitatione.g. leatherette, flannelette, rosette, linenette3. nothing but: only; nothing excepte.g. The doctor told her that it was nothing but a cold.He was nothing but a coward.他只在乎自己的名誉和地位。

Language points lesson 9Paragraph 21. The general raised his eyebrows. He seemed hurt.raise one’s eyebrows: to move one‟s eyebrows upwards in order to show surprise or disapproval e.g.: 'Really?' she said, raising her eyebrows.This decision caused a few raised eyebrows→be up to your eyebrows in sth: spoken to have more of sth than you can deal with I'm absolutely up to my eyebrows in work.[→be up to your neck in sth: infml1) to be very busy with sth e.g.: She's up to her neck in work.2) to be in a difficult situation that is hard to escape from e.g.: Jim's up to his neck in debt.]Paragraph 32. He saw the dead black eyes of the general on him, studying him. General Zaroff’s face suddenly brightened.Meaning: Rainsford sees the general staring at him with his cold, severe, expressionless eyes. The general was surprised at Rainsford‟s responses.brighten (up): to become happier or more excitede.g.: She brightened up a bit when she saw us.我们开始谈到钱时，他的眼睛为之一亮。

大学英语精读第四册UnitOne课文介绍大学英语精读第四册Unit One课文介绍导语：我们都曾幻想自己有一大笔钱，下面是一篇讲述获得一大笔钱的简单方式的英语课文，欢迎大家学习。

TextTwo college-age boys, unaware that making money usually involves hard work, are tempted by an advertisement that promises them an easy way to earn a lot of money. The boys soon learn that if something seems to good to be true, it probably is.BIG BUCKS THE EASY WAYJohn G. Hubbell"You ought to look into this," I suggested to our two college-age sons. "It might be a way to avoid the indignity of having to ask for money all the time." I handed them some magazines in a plastic bag someone bad hung on our doorknob. A message printed on the bag offered leisurely, lucrative work ("Big Bucks the Easy Way!") of delivering more such bags."I don't mind the indignity," the older one answered."I can live with it," his brother agreed."But it pains me," I said，"to find that you both have been panhandling so long that it no longer embarrasses you."The boys said they would look into the magazine-delivery thing. Pleased, I left town on a business trip. By midnight I was comfortably settled in a hotel room far from home. The phone rang. It was my wife. She wanted to know how my day had gone."Great!" I enthused. "How was your day?" I inquired."Super!" She snapped. "Just super! And it's only getting started. Another truck just pulled up out front.""Another truck?""The third one this evening. The first delivered four thousand Montgomery Wards. The second brought four thousand Sears, Roebucks. I don't know what this one has, but I'm sure it will be four thousand of something. Since you are responsible, I thought you might like to know what's happening.What I was being blamed for, it turned out, was a newspaper strike which made it necessary to hand-deliver the advertising inserts that normally are included with the Sunday paper. The company had promised our boys $600 for delivering these inserts to 4,000 houses by Sunday morning."Piece of cake!" our older college son had shouted." Six hundred bucks!" His brother had echoed, "And we can do the job in two hours!""Both the Sears and Ward ads are four newspaper-size pages," my wife informed me. "There are thirty-two thousand pages of advertising on our porch. Even as we speak, two big guys are carrying armloads of paper up the walk. What do we do about all this?""Just tell the boys to get busy," I instructed. "They're college men. They'll do what they have to do."At noon the following day I returned to the hotel and found an urgent message to telephone my wife. Her voice was unnaturally high and quavering. There had been several more truckloads of ad inserts. "They're for department stores, dime stores, drugstores, grocery stores, auto stores and so on. Some are whole magazine sections. We have hundreds of thousands, maybe millions, of pages of advertising here! They are crammed wall-to-wall all through the house in stacks taller than your oldest son. There's only enough room for people to walk in, take one each of the eleven inserts, roll them together, slip a rubber bandaround them and slide them into a plastic bag. We have enough plastic bags to supply every takeout restaurant in America!" Her voice kept rising, as if working its way out of the range of the human ear. "All this must be delivered by seven o'clock Sunday morning.""Well, you had better get those guys banding and sliding as fast as they can, and I'll talk to you later. Got a lunch date.When I returned, there was another urgent call from my wife."Did you have a nice lunch?" she asked sweetly. I had had a marvelous steak, but knew better by now than to say so."Awful," I reported. "Some sort of sour fish. Eel, I think.""Good. Your college sons have hired their younger brothers and sisters and a couple of neighborhood children to help for five dollars each. Assembly lines have been set up. In the language of diplomacy, there is 'movement.'""That's encouraging.""No, it's not," she corrected. "It's very discouraging. They're been as it for hours. Plastic bags have been filled and piled to the ceiling, but all this hasn't made a dent, not a dent, in the situation! It's almost as if the inserts keep reproducing themselves!""Another thing," she continued. "Your college sons must learn that one does not get the best out of employees by threatening them with bodily harm.Obtaining an audience with son NO. 1, I snarled, "I'll kill you if threaten one of those kids again! Idiot! You should be offering a bonus of a dollar every hour to the worker who fills the most bags."But that would cut into our profit," he suggested."There won't be any profit unless those kids enable you to make all the deliveries on time. If they don't, you two will have toremove all that paper by yourselves. And there will be no eating or sleeping until it is removed."There was a short, thoughtful silence. Then he said, "Dad, you have just worked a profound change in my personality.""Do it!""Yes, sir!"By the following evening, there was much for my wife to report. The bonus program had worked until someone demanded to see the color of cash. Then some activist on the work force claimed that the workers had no business settling for $5 and a few competitive bonuses while the bossed collected hundreds of dollars each. The organizer had declared that all the workers were entitled to $5 per hour! They would not work another minute until the bosses agreed.The strike lasted less than two hours. In mediation, the parties agreed on $2 per hour. Gradually, the huge stacks began to shrink.As it turned out, the job was completed three hours before Sunday's 7 a.m. deadline. By the time I arrived home, the boys had already settled their accounts: $150 in labor costs, $40 for gasoline, and a like amountfor gifts—boxes of candy for saintly neighbors who had volunteered station wagons and help in delivery and dozen roses for their mother. This left them with $185 each —about two-thirds the minimum wage for the 91 hours they worked. Still, it was "enough", as one of them put it, to enable them to "avoid indignity" for quite a while.All went well for some weeks. Then one Saturday morning my attention was drawn to the odd goings-on of our two youngest sons. They kept carrying carton after carton fromvarious corners of the house out the front door to curbside. I assumed their mother had enlisted them to remove junk for a trash pickup. Then I overheard them discussing finances."Geez, we're going to make a lot of money!""We're going to be rich!"Investigation revealed that they were offering " for sale or rent" our entire library."No! No!" I cried. "You can't sell our books!""Geez, Dad, we thought you were done with them!""You're never 'done' with books," I tried to explain."Sure you are. You read them, and you're done with them. That's it. Then you might as well make a little money from them. We wanted to avoid the indignity of having to ask you for……" New Wordsbuckn. (sl.) U.S. dollarplastica. 塑料的n. (pl) 塑料doorknobn. 门把手leisurelya. unhurried 从容的，慢慢的leisuren. free time 空闲时间，闲暇lucrativea. profitable 有利的;赚钱的painvt. cause pain topanhandlevi. (AmE) beg. esp. on the streetsdeliveryn. delivering (of letters, goods, etc.)投递;送交enthusevi. show enthusiasminquirevt. asksupera. (colloq.) wonderful, splendid; excellentsnapvt. say(sth.) sharply 厉声说insertn. 插页normallyad. in the usual conditions; ordinarily 通常companyn. 公司echovt. say or do what another person says or does; repeat 附和;重复adn. (short for) advertisementinformvt. tell; give information 告知porchn. (AmE) veranda 门廊armloadn. as much as one arm or both arms can hold; armfulwalkn. a path specially arranged or paved for walking 人行道unnaturallyad. in an unnatural way 不自然地quavervi. (of the voice or sound) shake; tremble 颤抖truckloadn. as much or as many as a truck can carrydepartment storen. store selling many different kinds of goods in separate departments 百货公司dimen. coin of U.S. and Canada worth ten centsdime storen. (AmE) a store selling a large variety of low-priced articles; variety store 廉价商品店;小商口店drugstore。

Unitl Phrase1.猛然敲门bang the door2.向国王陛下欢呼cheer His Majesty3.凝视那雕像contemplate the statue4.设计发明一种新方法devise a new way5.获得一种名声gain a reputation6.鼓舞人民inspire the people7.低下头sink one' s head 8.象征/代表国家symbolize the nation9.暖和双手warm one' s hands10.毁了某人的健康ruin one' s health11.扮演重要的角色play an important role/part in12.解决这个问题settle the issueInto Chinese1.the eternal truth2. a filing cabinet3. utter nonsense4. delinquent behavior5. a frequent visitor6. fresh air7. high-minded monologue8. a settled view9. a speech impediment10. a hideous wind 11. heady patriotism12. the remorseless Invaders13. the Prime Minister14. a mental process15. the League of Nations16. a coherent article17. a proficient interpreter18. an irresistible trend19. rotten apples20. a nodding acquaintanceSentence1. I know I could rely on my brother to stand by me whatever happened.我知道，不管发生什么情况，我都可以依靠兄弟的2. As a rule, the younger generation tends to be more interested in the present rather than the past unlike the older generation, but both generations will stand to lose if they do not respect.一般来说，年轻一代与老一辈不同，他们对现在而不是对过去感兴趣。