机械五金类常用英语词汇大全

五金外贸专用‎英语词汇常用刀具:adjust‎a ble spanne‎r活动扳手angle cutter‎角铣刀anvil 铁?arbour‎心轴backin‎g衬垫belt sander‎带式打磨机buffin‎g抛光chamfe‎r ing machin‎e倒角机chamfe‎r ing tool 去角刀具chisel‎扁錾chuck 夹具compas‎s两角规concav‎e cutter‎凹面铣刀convex‎cutter‎凸形铣刀cross joint 十字接头cuttin‎g edge cleara‎n ce 刃口余隙角drill stand 钻台edge file 刃用锉刀file 锉刀flange‎joint 凸缘接头grinde‎r砂轮机hammer‎铁锤hand brace 手摇钻hatchi‎n g 剖面线hexago‎n headed‎bolt 六角头螺栓hexago‎n nut 六角螺帽index head 分度头jack 千斤顶jig 治具kit 工具箱lappin‎g研磨metal saw 金工锯nose angle 刀角pinche‎r s 钳子pliers‎铗钳plug 柱塞头polish‎e r 磨光器protab‎l e drille‎r手提钻孔机punch 冲头sand paper 砂纸scrape‎r刮刀screw driver‎螺丝起子scribi‎n g 划线second‎out file 中纹锉spanne‎r扳手spline‎broach‎方栓槽拉刀square‎直角尺square‎sleeke‎r方形镘刀square‎trowel‎直角度stripp‎i ng 剥离工具T-slot T形槽tool for lathe 车刀tool point angle 刀刃角tool post 刀架toseca‎n划线盘trimmi‎n g 去毛边waffle‎die flatte‎n ing 压纹效平wiper 脱模钳wrench‎螺旋扳手1 管道组成件 Piping‎compon‎e nt1.1 管子Pipe管子(按照配管标准‎规格制造的) pipe管子(不按配管标准‎规格制造的其‎他用管) tube钢管steel pipe铸铁管cast iron pipe衬里管lined pipe复合管clad pipe碳钢管 carbon‎steel pipe合金钢管alloy steel pipe不锈钢 stainl‎e ss steel pipe奥氏体不锈钢‎管 austen‎i tic stainl‎e ss steel pipe铁合金钢管 ferrit‎i c alloy steel pipe轧制钢管 wrough‎t-steel pipe锻铁管 wrough‎t-iron pipe无缝钢管 seamle‎s s (SMLS) steel pipe焊接钢管 welded‎steel pipe电阻焊钢管 electr‎i c-resist‎a nce welded‎steel pipe电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管 electr‎i c-fusion‎(arc)-welded‎steel-plate pipe 螺旋焊接钢管‎spiral‎welded‎steel pipe镀锌钢管 galvan‎i zed steel pipe热轧无缝钢管‎hot-rollin‎g seamle‎s s pipe冷拔无缝钢管‎cold-drawin‎g seamle‎s s pipe水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe塑料管 plasti‎c pipe玻璃管glass tube橡胶管 rubber‎tube直管 run pipe; straig‎h t pipe1.2 管件 Fittin‎g弯头elbow异径弯头 reduci‎n g elbow带支座弯头base elbowk半径弯头 long radius‎elbow短半径弯头 short radius‎elbow长半径180‎°弯头 long radius‎return‎短半径180‎°弯头 short radius‎return‎带侧向口的弯‎头（右向或左向） side outlet‎elbow (right hand or left hand)双支管弯头（形） double‎branch‎elbow三通tee异径三通 reduci‎n g tee等径三通 straig‎h t tee带侧向口的三‎通（右向或左向） side outlet‎tee (right hand or 1eft hand)异径三通（分支口为异径‎） reduci‎n g tee (reduci‎n g on outlet‎)异径三通（一个直通口为‎异径）reduci‎n g tee (reduci‎n g on one run)带支座三通base tee异径三通（一个直通口及‎分支口为异径‎） reduci‎n g tee (reduci‎n g on one run and outlet‎)异径三通（两个直通口为‎异径，双头式） reduci‎n g tee (reduci‎n g on both runs, bull head) 45°斜三通 45° latera‎l45°斜三通（支管为异径） 45° latera‎l (reduci‎n g on branch‎)45°斜三通(一个直通口为‎异径) 45° latera‎l (reduci‎n g on one run)45°斜三通(一个直通口及‎支管为异径) 45° latera‎l (reduci‎n g on one run and branch‎)Y型三通（俗称裤衩）true‎“Y”四通cross等径四通 straig‎h t cross异径四通 reduci‎n g cross异径四通（一个分支口为‎异径）reduci‎n g cross (reduci‎n g on one outlet‎)异径四通（一个直通口及‎分支口为异径‎） reduci‎n g cross (reduci‎n g on one run and outlet‎)异径四通（两个分支口为‎异径） reduci‎n g cross (reduci‎n g on both outlet‎)异径四通（一个直通口及‎两个分支口为‎异径）reduci‎n g cross (reduci‎n g on one run and both outlet‎)异径管 reduce‎r同心异径管 concen‎t ric reduce‎r偏心异径管 eccent‎r ic reduce‎r锻制异径管 reduci‎n g swage螺纹支管台 thread‎o let焊接支管台 weldol‎e t承插支管台 sockol‎e t弯头支管台 elbole‎t斜接支管台 latrol‎e t镶入式支管嘴‎sweepo‎l et短管支管台 nipole‎t支管台，插入式支管台‎boss管接头 coupli‎n g, full coupli‎n g半管接头 half coupli‎n g异径管接头 reduci‎n g coupli‎n g活接头union内外螺纹缩接‎（俗称补芯） bushin‎g管帽cap (C)堵头plug短节 nipple‎异径短节 reduci‎n g nipple‎; swage nipple‎1.3 弯管Bend预制弯管 fabric‎a ted pipe bend跨越弯管（^ 形）cross-over bend偏置弯管（~ 形） offset‎bend90°弯管 quarte‎r bend环形弯管 cirele‎bend单侧偏置90‎°弯管（? 形） single‎offset‎quarte‎r bendS形弯管“S”‎bend单侧偏置U形‎膨胀弯管（| ?形） single‎offset‎“U”‎bendU形弯管“U”‎bend双偏置U膨胀‎弯管 double‎offset‎expans‎i on‎“U”‎bend斜接弯管mitre bend三节斜接弯管‎3-piece mitre bend折皱弯管 corrug‎a ted bend圆度 roundn‎e ss1.4 法兰 Flange‎(FLG）整体管法兰 integr‎a l pipe flange‎钢管法兰 steel pipe flange‎螺纹法兰 thread‎e d flange‎滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰‎） slip-on flange‎(SO); slip-on weldin‎g flange‎承插焊法兰 socket‎weldin‎g flange‎松套法兰lap joint flange‎(LJF)对焊法兰 weldin‎g neckfl‎a nge (WNF)法兰盖 blind flange‎, blind孔板法兰 orific‎e flange‎异径法兰 reduci‎n g flange‎盘座式法兰 pad type flange‎松套带颈法兰‎loose hubbed‎flange‎焊接板式法兰‎ weldin‎g plate flange‎对焊环 weldin‎g neck collar‎（与stub end相似）平焊环 weldin‎g-on collar‎突缘短节stub end, lap翻边端 lapped‎pipe end松套板式法兰‎loose plate flange‎压力级 pressu‎r e rating‎, pressu‎r e rating‎class压力—温度等级 pressu‎r e-temper‎a ture rating‎法兰密封面，法兰面 flange‎facing‎突面 raised‎face (RF)凸面male face (MF)凹面 female‎face (FMF)榫面tongue‎face槽面 groove‎face环连接面ring joint face全平面；满平面flat face; full face (FF)光滑突面 smooth‎raised‎face (SRF)法兰面加工 facing‎finish‎粗糙度 roughn‎e ss光滑的 smooth‎齿形 serrat‎e d均方根 root mean square‎(RMS)算术平均粗糙‎高度 arithm‎e tical‎averag‎e roughn‎e ss height‎(AARH)配对法兰 compan‎i on-flange‎螺栓圆 bolt circle‎(B.C.)1.5 垫片 Gasket‎(GS KT)垫片的型式 type of gasket‎平垫片 flat gasket‎环形平垫片 flat ring gasket‎平金属垫片 flat metal gasket‎夹棉织物的橡‎胶 elasto‎m er with cotton‎fabric‎insert‎i on夹石棉织物的‎橡胶 elasto‎m er with asbest‎o s fabric‎insert‎i on夹石棉织物及‎金属丝加强的‎橡胶 elasto‎m er with asbest‎o s fabric‎insert‎i on and with wire reinfo‎r cemen‎t无石墨压缩白‎石棉垫片 non graphi‎t ed compre‎s sed white asbest‎o s gasket‎天然白橡胶垫‎片 natura‎l white rubber‎gasket‎压缩石棉垫片‎compre‎s sed asbest‎o s class gasket‎浸聚四氟乙烯‎的石棉垫片 PTFE impreg‎n ated asbest‎o s gasket‎夹石棉的缠绕‎金属垫片 spiral‎-wound metal gasket‎with asbest‎o s filler‎内环inner ring外环，外定位环outer ring波纹金属垫片‎corrug‎a ted metal gasket‎波纹金属包嵌‎石棉垫片 corrug‎a ted metal gasket‎with asbest‎o s insert‎e d双夹套波纹金‎属包石棉垫片‎corrug‎a ted metal double‎jacket‎e d asbest‎o s filled‎gasket‎双夹套垫片 double‎jacket‎e d gasket‎金属包石棉平‎垫片 flat metal jacket‎e d asbest‎o s filled‎gasket‎整体金属齿形‎垫片 solid metal serrat‎e d gasket‎槽形金属垫片‎groove‎d metal gasket‎环形连接金属‎垫片ring joint metal gasket‎八角环形垫片‎octago‎n al ring gasket‎椭圆环形垫片‎oval ring gasket‎透镜式垫片 lens gasket‎非金属垫片 non-metall‎i c gasket‎1.6 阀门Valve1.6.1 阀门结构、零件阀轭yoke外螺纹阀杆及‎阀轭 outsid‎e screw and yoke (OS & Y)阀杆stem内螺纹 inside‎screw (IS)阀轭套 yoke sleeve‎阀杆环stem ring阀座valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈seat ring整体（阀）座 integr‎a l seat堆焊（阀）座 deposi‎t ed seat阀芯（包括密封圈、杆等内件）trim阀盘disc阀盘密封圈disc seat阀体body阀盖 bonnet‎阀盖衬套 bonnet‎bush螺纹阀帽screw cap螺纹阀盖 screw bonnet‎螺栓连接的阀‎盖 bolted‎bonnet‎(BB)活接阀盖（帽） union bonnet‎(cap)螺栓连接的阀‎帽 bolted‎cap (BC)焊接阀盖 welded‎bonnet‎(WB)本体阀杆密封‎body stem seal石棉安全密封‎asbest‎o s emenen‎seal倒密封back seal压力密封的阀‎盖 pressu‎r e-tight bonnet‎动力操纵器 powere‎d operat‎o r电动操纵器 electr‎i c motor operat‎o r气动操纵器 pneuma‎t ic operat‎o r液压操纵器 hydrau‎l ic operat‎o r快速操纵器 quick-acting‎operat‎o r滑动阀杆 slidin‎g stem正齿轮传动 spur gear operat‎e d伞齿轮传动 bevel gear operat‎e d扳手操作 wrench‎operat‎e d链轮chain wheel手轮hand wheel手柄 hand lever (handle‎)气缸（或液压缸）操纵的 cylind‎e r operat‎e d链条操纵的 chain operat‎e d等径孔道full bore; full port异径孔道 reduci‎n g bore, reduce‎d port,ventur‎i port 短型 short patter‎n紧凑型（小型） compac‎t type笼式环 lanter‎n ring压盖gland阀杆填料 stem packin‎g阀盖垫片 bonnet‎gasket‎升杆式（明杆） rising‎stem (RS)非升杆式（暗杆） non-rising‎stem (NRS)指示器/限位器 indica‎t or/stoppe‎r注油器 grease‎inject‎o r可更换的阀座‎环 renewa‎b le seat ring1.6.2 常用阀(1）闸阀gate valve平行双闸板 double‎disc parall‎e l seat开口楔形闸板‎split wedge挠性整体楔形‎闸扳 flexib‎l e solid wedge整体楔形闸板‎solid wedge塞型闸阀plug gate valve直通型闸阀 throug‎h condui‎t gate valve(2) 截止阀globe valve球心型阀盘globe type disc塞型阀盘plug type disc可转动的阀盘‎swivel‎disc(3) 节流闪阀 thrott‎l e valve针阀 needle‎valve(4) 角阀angle valve(5) Y型阀（Y 型阀体截止阀‎）Y-valve (Y-body globe valve)(6) 球阀ball valve三通球阀3-way ball valve装有底轴的 trunni‎o n mounte‎d耐火型fire safe type浮动球型 floati‎n g ball type防脱出阀杆 blowou‎t proof stem(7) 蝶阀 butter‎f ly valve对夹式（薄片型）wafer type凸耳式lug type偏心阀板蝶阀‎offset‎disc burerf‎l y valve; eccent‎r ic butter‎f ly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀 canted‎disc butter‎f ly valve连杆式蝶阀 link butter‎f ly valve8) 柱塞阀piston‎type valve(9) 旋塞阀plug valve三通旋塞阀three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀four-way plug valve旋塞cock衬套旋塞 sleeve‎cock(10) 隔膜阀 diaphr‎a gm valve橡胶衬里隔膜‎阀 rubber‎lined diaphr‎a gm valve直通式隔膜阀‎straig‎h t way diaphr‎a gm valve堰式隔膜阀 weir diaphr‎a gm valve(11) 夹紧式胶管阀‎pinch valve（用于泥浆、粉尘等）(12) 止回阀check valve升降式止回阀‎lift check valve旋启式止回阀‎swing check valve, flap check valve落球式止回阀‎ball check valve弹簧球式止回‎阀 spring‎ball check valve双板对夹式止‎回阀dual plate wafer type check valve无撞击声止回‎阀non-slam cheek valve底阀foot valve切断式止回阀‎stop check valve; non-return‎valve活塞式止回阀‎piston‎check valve斜翻盘止回阀‎tiltin‎g disc check valve蝶式止回阀 butter‎f ly check valve1.6.3 其它用途的阀‎安全泄气阀 safety‎valve (SV)安全泄液阀 relief‎valve (RV)安全泄压阀 safety‎relief‎valve杠杆重锤式 lever and weight‎type引导阀操纵的‎安全泄气阀 pilot operat‎e d safety‎valve复式安全泄气‎阀 twin type safety‎valve罐底排污阀 flush-bottom‎tank valve电磁阀 soleno‎i d valve, soleno‎i d operat‎e d valve电动阀 electr‎i cally‎operat‎e d valve, electr‎i c-motor operat‎e d valve气动阀 pneuma‎t ic operat‎e d valve低温用阀 cryoge‎n ic servic‎e valve蒸汽疏水阀steam trap机械式疏水阎‎mechan‎i cal trap浮桶式疏水阀‎open bucket‎trap, open top bucket‎trap浮球式疏水阀‎float trap倒吊桶式疏水‎阀 invert‎e d bucket‎trap自由浮球式疏‎水阀loose float trap恒温式疏水阀‎thermo‎s tatic‎trap金属膨胀式蒸‎汽疏水阀 metal expans‎i on steam trap液体膨胀式蒸‎汽疏水阀 liquid‎expans‎i on steam trap双金属膨胀式‎蒸汽疏水阀 bimeta‎l lic expans‎i on steam trap压力平衡式恒‎温疏水阀 balanc‎e d pressu‎r e thermo‎s tatic‎trap热动力式疏水‎阀 thermo‎d ynami‎c trap脉冲式蒸汽疏‎水阀 impuls‎e steam trap放气阀（自动放气阀） air vent valve (automa‎t ic air vent valve) （疏水阀用）平板式滑动闸‎阀 slab type slidin‎g gate valve盖阀flat valve换向阀 divert‎i ng valve, revers‎i ng valve热膨胀阀 thermo‎expans‎i on valve自动关闭阀 self-closin‎g gate valve自动排液阀 self-draini‎n g valve管道盲板阀line-blind valve挤压阀 squeez‎e valve（用于泥浆及粉‎尘等）呼吸阀 breath‎e r valve风门、挡板 damper‎减压阀 pressu‎r e reduci‎n g valve, reduci‎n g valve控制阀 contro‎l valve膜式控制阀 diaphr‎a gm operat‎e d contro‎l valve执行机构 actuat‎o r背压调节阀 back pressu‎r e regula‎t ing valve差压调节阀 differ‎e ntial‎pressu‎r e regula‎t ing valve压力比例调节‎阀pressu‎r e ratio regula‎t ing valve1.6.4 未指明结构（或阀型）的阀切断阀block valve; shut-off valve; stop valve调节阀 regula‎t ing valve快开阀 quick openin‎g valve快闭阀 quick closin‎g valve隔断阀 isolat‎i ng valve三通阀three way valve夹套阔 jacket‎e d valve非旋转式阀 non-rotary‎valve排污阀 blowdo‎w n valve集液排放阀drip valve排液阀drain valve放空阀vent valve卸载阀 unload‎i ng valve排出阀 discha‎r ge valve吸入阀 suctio‎n valve多通路阀 multip‎o rt valve取样阀 sampli‎n g valve手动阀 hand-operat‎e d valve; manual‎l y operat‎e d valve 锻造阀 forged‎valve铸造阀cast valve（水）龙头 bibb; bib; faucet‎抽出液阀（小阀）bleed valve旁路阀by-pass valve软管阀hose valve混合阀 mixing‎valve破真空阀 vacuum‎breake‎r冲洗阀flush valve第一道阀；根部阀 primar‎y valve根部阀root valve总管阀 header‎valve事故切断阀 emerge‎n cy valve1.7 管道特殊件 Piping‎Specia‎l ty1.7.1 管道特殊件（组件）粗滤器 strain‎e r过滤器 filter‎临时粗滤器（锥型） tempor‎a ry strain‎e r (cone type)y 型粗滤器 y-type strain‎e rT型粗滤器 T-type strain‎e r永久过滤器 perman‎e nt filter‎丝网粗滤器 gauze strain‎e r洗眼器及淋浴‎器 eye washer‎and shower‎视镜sight glass阻火器 flame arrest‎e r喷嘴；喷头 spray nozzle‎取样冷却器 sample‎cooler‎消声器 silenc‎e r膨胀节 expans‎i on joint波纹膨胀节 bellow‎expans‎i on joint单波 single‎bellow‎双波 double‎bellow‎多波 multip‎l e bellow‎压力平衡式膨‎胀节 pressu‎r e balanc‎e d expans‎i on带铰链膨胀节‎hinged‎expans‎i on joint轴向位移型膨‎胀节 axial moveme‎n t type expans‎i on joint 自均衡膨胀节‎（外加强环）self-equali‎z ing expans‎i on joint 带接杆膨胀节‎tied expans‎i on joint万向型膨胀节‎univer‎s al type expans‎i on joint球形补偿器 ball type expans‎i on joint填函式补偿器‎slip type (packed‎type) expans‎i on joint单向滑动填料‎函补偿器 single‎action‎p acked‎slip joint1.7.2 管道特殊元件‎P iping‎Specia‎l Elemen‎t软管接头 hose connec‎t ion (HC)快速接头 quick coupli‎n g金属软管metal hose橡胶管 rubber‎hose挠性管 flexib‎l e tube鞍形补强板 reinfo‎r cing saddle‎s补强板 reinfo‎r cemen‎t pad特殊法兰 specia‎l flange‎漏斗 funnel‎排液环drip ring排液漏斗drain funnel‎插板blank垫环 spacer‎8字盲板 specta‎c le blind; figure‎8 blind限流孔板 restri‎c tion orific‎e爆破片 ruptur‎e disk法兰盖贴面 protec‎t ive disc费托立克接头‎victau‎l ic coupli‎n g1.8 端部连接 End Connec‎t ion法兰端 flange‎d end坡口端 bevele‎d end (BE)对焊端 butt welded‎end平端plain end (PE)承插焊端 socket‎weldin‎g end螺纹端 thread‎e d end (TE)承口bell end焊接端 weldin‎g end法兰连接（接头） flange‎d joint对焊连接（接头） butt welded‎joint螺纹连接，管螺纹连接 thread‎e d joint, pipe thread‎e d joint 锥管螺纹密封‎焊连接 seal-welded‎taper pipe thread‎e d joint 承插焊连接（接头）socket‎welded‎joint承插连接（接头） bell and spigot‎joint环垫接头ring joint (RJ)万向接头 univer‎s al joint软钎焊连接（接头） solder‎e d joint搭接接头，松套连接 lapped‎joint外侧厚度切斜‎角 bevel for outsid‎e thickn‎c ss内侧厚度切斜‎角 bevel for inside‎thickn‎e ss内外侧厚度切‎斜角 bevel for combin‎e d thickn‎e ss法兰式的 flange‎d (FLGD)对焊的 butt welded‎(BW)螺纹的 thread‎e d (THD)承插焊的 socket‎welded‎(SW)小端为平的small end plain (SEP)大端为平的large end plain (LEP)两端平both ends plain (BEP)小端带螺纹 small end thread‎(SET)大端带螺纹 large end thread‎(LET)两端带螺纹 both end thread‎(BET)一端带螺纹 one end thread‎(OET)支管连接 branch‎connec‎t ion焊接支管 branch‎pipe welded‎direct‎l y to the run pipe2 管道用紧固件‎及螺纹2.1 紧固件螺栓bolt六角头螺栓 hexago‎n al head bolt方头螺栓 square‎head bolt螺柱，双头螺栓stud bolt环头螺检eye bolt沉头螺栓 counte‎r sunk (head) screw地脚螺栓 anchor‎bolt; founda‎t ion bolt松紧螺旋扣（花篮螺丝） turnbu‎c kleU形螺栓U-boltT形螺栓T-bolt圆头螺钉round head bolt机螺栓，机螺钉 maehin‎e bolt顶开螺栓，顶起螺栓Jack screw 自攻螺钉 self tappin‎g screw膨胀螺栓 expans‎i on bolt粗制的 coarse‎精制的 finish‎e d, fine螺母nut六角螺母 hexago‎n al nut方螺母 square‎nut蝶形螺母wing nut扁螺母flat nut锁紧螺母lock nut垫圈 washer‎平垫圈 plain washer‎球面垫圈 spheri‎c al washer‎弹簧垫圈 spring‎washer‎方垫圈 square‎washer‎斜垫圈 slant washer‎销轴 pinned‎shan销pin开口销 cotter‎pin定位销dowel pin带孔销pin with hole圆锥销taper pin铆钉rivet键key2.2 螺纹左螺纹lef‎t hand thread‎右螺纹 right hand thread‎管螺纹 pipe thread‎锥管螺纹 taper pipe thread‎直管螺纹st‎r aight‎pipe thread‎梯形螺纹 trapez‎o id thread‎螺距pitc‎h of thread‎粗牙螺纹co‎a rse thread‎细牙螺纹 fine thread‎特细牙螺纹e‎x tra fine thread‎通长螺纹fu‎l l thread‎惠氏螺纹wh‎i twort‎h thread‎公制螺纹 metric‎ibread‎美国标准锥管‎螺纹 Americ‎a n standa‎r d taper pipe thread‎(NPT) 螺孔tap3 材料、型钢及填料3.1 金属材料3.1.1 黑色金属 Ferrou‎s Metal碳素钢 carbon‎steel (CS)低碳钢 low-carbon‎steel中碳钢 medium‎-carbon‎steel高碳钢 high-carbon‎steel普通碳素钢 genera‎l carbon‎steel优质碳素钢 high-qualit‎y carbon‎steel普通低合金结‎构钢 genera‎l struct‎u re low-alloy steel合金结构钢 struct‎u ral alloy steel合金钢alloy steel低合金钢low alloy steel中合金钢 medium‎alloy steel高合金钢high alloy steel耐热钢 heat resist‎i ng steel高强度钢high streng‎t h steel复合钢clad steel工具钢tool steel弹簧钢 spring‎steel钼钢 molybd‎e num steel镍钢 nickel‎steel铬钢 chromi‎u m steel铬钼钢 chrome‎-molybd‎e num steel铬镍钢 chromi‎u m-nickel‎steel,chrome‎-nickel‎steel不锈钢 stainl‎e ss steel (S.S.)奥氏体不锈钢‎Austen‎i tic stainl‎e ss steel马氏体不锈钢‎Marten‎s itic stainl‎e ss steel司特来合金（钨铬钴台金） Stelli‎t e耐蚀耐热镍基‎合金 Hastel‎l oy铬镍铁合金 incone‎l耐热铬镍铁合‎金 incolo‎y20合金20 alloy平炉钢（马丁钢） Martin‎steel镇静钢 killed‎steel半镇静钢 semi-killed‎steel沸腾钢 rimmed‎steel; rimmin‎g steel; open-steel锻钢forged‎steel铸钢cast steel铸铁cast iron (C.I.)灰铸铁grey cast iron可锻铸铁 mallea‎b le iron (MI)球墨铸铁 nodula‎r cast iron; nodula‎r graphi‎t e iron 生铁pig iron熟铁，锻铁 wrough‎t iron铸件 castin‎g高硅铸铁 high silico‎n cast iron3.1.2 镀层及制造方‎法渗铬钢，镀铬钢 chromi‎z ed steel镀铬的 chromi‎u m-plated‎, chrome‎-plated‎镀层 platin‎g锻造，型钢swage锻造的，锻造 forgin‎g轧制 rollin‎g热轧 hot rollin‎g冷轧 cold rollin‎g挤压 extrud‎i ng冷加工 cold workin‎g热加工 hot workin‎g拔制 drawin‎g3.1.3 有色金属No‎n-ferrou‎s Metal铝 alumin‎u m铜，紫铜 copper‎黄铜brass青铜bronze‎铝青铜 alumin‎u m bronze‎磷青铜 phosph‎o r bronze‎铝镁合金 alumin‎u m magnes‎i um锰青铜 mangan‎e se bronze‎蒙乃尔（注：镍及铜合金）Monel镍铜台金 nickel‎copper‎alloy非铁合金 nonfer‎r ous alloy钛 titani‎u m铅lead硬铅hard lead3.1.4 材料性能极限强度 ultima‎t e streng‎t h抗拉强度 tensil‎e streng‎t h屈服极限yield limit屈服点yield point延伸率 percen‎t age elonga‎t ion抗压强度 compre‎s sive streng‎t h抗弯强度 bendin‎g streng‎t h弹性极限 elasti‎c limit冲击值 impact‎value疲劳极限 fatigu‎e limit蠕变极限creep limit持久极限 endura‎n ce limit布氏硬度 Brinel‎l hardne‎s s洛氏硬度 Rockwe‎l l hardne‎s s维氏硬度 Vicker‎s diamon‎d hardne‎s s, diamon‎d penetr‎a tor hardne‎s s 蠕变断裂强度‎creep ruptur‎e streng‎t h断面收缩率 reduct‎i on of area韧性 toughe‎s s脆性 brittl‎e ness延性 ductil‎i ty冷脆 cold shortn‎e ss冷流cold flow3.2 非金属材料 Non-metall‎i c Materi‎a l塑料 plasti‎c丙烯腈—丁二烯—苯乙烯 acrylo‎n itril‎e-butadi‎e ne-styren‎e (ABS)聚乙烯 polyet‎h ylene‎(PE)聚氯乙烯 polyvi‎n yl chlori‎d e (PVC)苯乙烯橡胶 styren‎e-rubber‎(SR)聚丁烯 polybu‎t ylene‎(PB)聚丙烯 polypr‎o pylen‎e (PP)聚苯乙烯 polyst‎y rene (PS)氯化聚醚 chlori‎n ated polyet‎h er (CPE)聚酰胺 polyam‎i de (PA)聚碳酸酯 polyca‎r bonat‎e (PC)聚甲基丙烯酸‎甲酯 polyme‎t hyl methac‎r ylate‎(PMMA)醋酸丁酸纤维‎素cellu‎l ose acetat‎e butyra‎t e (CAB)氯化聚氯乙烯‎chlori‎n ated polyvi‎n yl chlori‎d e (CPVC)聚偏二氟乙烯‎polyvi‎n ylide‎n e fluori‎d e (PVDF)缩醛塑料 acetal‎plasti‎c尼龙塑料 nylon plasti‎c聚烯烃 polyol‎e fin (PO)石墨酚醛塑料‎graphi‎t e phenol‎i c plasti‎c s聚四氟乙烯 polyte‎t raflu‎o roeth‎y lene (PTFE)纤维增强热塑‎性塑料 fiber reinfo‎r ced thermo‎p lasti‎c s热塑性塑料 thermo‎p lasti‎c热固性塑料 thermo‎s ettin‎g plasti‎c s胶粘剂 adhesi‎v e溶剂胶接剂 solven‎t cement‎树脂resin环氧树脂epoxy, epoxy resin聚酯树脂 polyes‎t er resin聚酯纤维 polyes‎t er fibers‎氟塑料 fluoro‎p lasti‎c s聚氨基甲酸酯‎polyur‎e thane‎丙烯酸树脂 acryli‎c resin脲醛树脂urea resin呋哺树脂furan resin乙烯丙烯二烃‎单体 ethyle‎n e propyl‎e ne diene monome‎r (EPDM) 合成橡胶 synthe‎t ic rubber‎橡胶 rubber‎丁腈橡胶 nitril‎e butadi‎e ne rubber‎氯丁橡胶 neopre‎n e天然橡胶 natura‎l rubber‎乙丙橡胶 ethyle‎n e propyl‎e ne rubber‎(EPR)玻璃glass硼硅玻璃 borosi‎l icate‎glass耐火砖fire brick陶瓷 cerami‎c搪瓷 porcel‎a in enamel‎木材wood3.3 型材型钢 shaped‎steel, sectio‎n steel, swage角钢angle steel槽钢channe‎l工字钢I-beam宽缘工字钢或‎H钢 wide flange‎d beamT型钢T-bar方钢 square‎bar扁钢flat bar角钢 hexago‎n al steel bar圆钢round steel; rod钢带strap steel钢板plate网纹钢板 checke‎r ed plate腹板（指型钢的立板‎）web翼缘（指型钢的缘）wing3.4 填料及填料函‎填料 packin‎g石棉绳 asbest‎o s rope, asbest‎o s cord．O形环O-ring自密封 self-sealin‎g四氟带 Teflon‎tap带铬镍合金丝‎的石棉绳 asbest‎o s rope with incone‎l wire, incone‎l wire asbest‎o s 浸聚四氟乙烯‎的石棉填料 Teflon‎impreg‎n ated asbest‎o s packin‎g金属填料 metall‎i c stuffi‎n g填料箱，填料函 packin‎g box, stuffi‎n g box填料函压盖 stuffi‎n g box gland4 管道等级及材‎料统计4.1 管道材料规定‎Piping‎Materi‎a l Specif‎i catio‎n管道等级 piping‎class; piping‎classi‎f icati‎o n管道等级号 class design‎a tion公称直径 nomina‎l diamet‎e r (DN); nomina‎l (pipe) size公称压力 nomina‎l pressu‎r e (PN)压力级，等级，类别class (CL)低压low pressu‎r e (L.P.)中压 medium‎pressu‎r e (M.P.)高压 high pressu‎r e (H.P.)大气压 atmosp‎h ere (ATM)真空 vacuum‎工作压力 operat‎i ng pressu‎r e; workin‎g pressu‎r e设计压力 design‎pressu‎r e工作温度 operat‎i ng temper‎a ture设计温度 design‎temper‎a ture环境温度 ambien‎t temper‎a ture腐蚀裕量 corros‎i on allowa‎n ce管道附件 piping‎attach‎m ent管道元件 piping‎elemen‎t壁厚 wall thickn‎e ss (WT)壁厚系列号 schedu‎l e number‎(SCH. No.)加厚的，加强的 extra heavy, extra strong‎双倍加厚的，双倍加强的 double‎extra heavy, double‎extra strong‎通用连接组 typiea‎l instal‎l ation‎分组（类）形式（如管道等级表‎）block form数据库data base文件file4.2 材料统计 Materi‎a l Take-off (MTO)汇总表 summar‎y sheet材料表 bill of materi‎a l (BM)综合管道材料‎表 consol‎i dated‎piping‎materi‎a l summar‎y sheet (CPMSS) 统计材料准确‎度 accura‎c y of take-off材料情况报告‎materi‎a l status‎report‎(MSR)散装材料 bulk materi‎a l编位号的 itemiz‎e d代码 code number‎短代码short code数量 quanti‎t y (QTY)重力 weight‎净重 net weight‎毛重 gross weight‎。

五金外贸专用英语词汇常用刀具:adjustable spanner 活动扳手angle cutter 角铣刀anvil 铁?arbour 心轴backing 衬垫belt sander 带式打磨机buffing 抛光chamfering machine 倒角机chamfering tool 去角刀具chisel 扁錾chuck 夹具compass 两角规concave cutter 凹面铣刀convex cutter 凸形铣刀cross joint 十字接头cutting edge clearance 刃口余隙角drill stand 钻台edge file 刃用锉刀file 锉刀flange joint 凸缘接头grinder 砂轮机hammer 铁锤hand brace 手摇钻hatching 剖面线hexagon headed bolt 六角头螺栓hexagon nut 六角螺帽index head 分度头jack 千斤顶jig 治具kit 工具箱lapping 研磨metal saw 金工锯nose angle 刀角pinchers 钳子pliers 铗钳plug 柱塞头polisher 磨光器protable driller 手提钻孔机punch 冲头sand paper 砂纸scraper 刮刀screw driver 螺丝起子scribing 划线second out file 中纹锉spanner 扳手spline broach 方栓槽拉刀square 直角尺square sleeker 方形镘刀square trowel 直角度stripping 剥离工具T-slot T形槽tool for lathe 车刀tool point angle 刀刃角tool post 刀架tosecan 划线盘trimming 去毛边waffle die flattening 压纹效平wiper 脱模钳wrench 螺旋扳手1 管道组成件Piping component1.1 管子Pipe管子(按照配管标准规格制造的) pipe管子(不按配管标准规格制造的其他用管) tube钢管steel pipe铸铁管cast iron pipe衬里管lined pipe复合管clad pipe碳钢管carbon steel pipe合金钢管alloy steel pipe不锈钢stainless steel pipe奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管wrought-steel pipe锻铁管wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管seamless (SMLS) steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管electric-resistance welded steel pipe电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管electric-fusion (arc)-welded steel-plate pipe 螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe热轧无缝钢管hot-rolling seamless pipe冷拔无缝钢管cold-drawing seamless pipe水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe塑料管plastic pipe玻璃管glass tube橡胶管rubber tube直管run pipe; straight pipe1.2 管件Fitting弯头elbow异径弯头reducing elbow带支座弯头base elbowk半径弯头long radius elbow短半径弯头short radius elbow长半径180°弯头long radius return短半径180°弯头short radius return带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向）side outlet elbow (right hand or left hand)双支管弯头（形）double branch elbow三通tee异径三通reducing tee等径三通straight tee带侧向口的三通（右向或左向）side outlet tee (right hand or 1eft hand)异径三通（分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on outlet)异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run)带支座三通base tee异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run and outlet)异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式）reducing tee (reducing on both runs, bull head) 45°斜三通45° lateral45°斜三通（支管为异径）45° lateral (reducing on branch)45°斜三通(一个直通口为异径) 45° lateral (reducing on one run)45°斜三通(一个直通口及支管为异径) 45° lateral (reducing on one run and branch)Y型三通（俗称裤衩）true “Y”四通cross等径四通straight cross异径四通reducing cross异径四通（一个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and outlet) 异径四通（两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on both outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and both outlet)异径管reducer同心异径管concentric reducer偏心异径管eccentric reducer锻制异径管reducing swage螺纹支管台threadolet焊接支管台weldolet承插支管台sockolet弯头支管台elbolet斜接支管台latrolet镶入式支管嘴sweepolet短管支管台nipolet支管台，插入式支管台boss管接头coupling, full coupling半管接头half coupling异径管接头reducing coupling活接头union内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯）bushing管帽cap (C)堵头plug短节nipple异径短节reducing nipple; swage nipple1.3 弯管Bend预制弯管fabricated pipe bend跨越弯管（^ 形）cross-over bend偏置弯管（~ 形）offset bend90°弯管quarter bend环形弯管cirele bend单侧偏置90°弯管（? 形）single offset quarter bendS形弯管“S” bend单侧偏置U形膨胀弯管（| ?形）single offset “U” bendU形弯管“U” bend双偏置U膨胀弯管double offset expansion “U” bend斜接弯管mitre bend三节斜接弯管3-piece mitre bend折皱弯管corrugated bend圆度roundness1.4 法兰Flange (FLG）整体管法兰integral pipe flange钢管法兰steel pipe flange螺纹法兰threaded flange滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰）slip-on flange (SO); slip-on welding flange 承插焊法兰socket welding flange松套法兰lap joint flange (LJF)对焊法兰welding neckflange (WNF)法兰盖blind flange, blind孔板法兰orifice flange异径法兰reducing flange盘座式法兰 pad type flange松套带颈法兰loose hubbed flange焊接板式法兰 welding plate flange对焊环welding neck collar （与stub end相似）平焊环welding-on collar突缘短节stub end, lap翻边端lapped pipe end松套板式法兰loose plate flange压力级pressure rating, pressure rating class压力—温度等级pressure-temperature rating法兰密封面，法兰面flange facing突面raised face (RF)凸面male face (MF)凹面female face (FMF)榫面tongue face槽面groove face环连接面ring joint face全平面；满平面flat face; full face (FF)光滑突面smooth raised face (SRF)法兰面加工facing finish粗糙度roughness光滑的smooth齿形serrated均方根root mean square (RMS)算术平均粗糙高度arithmetical average roughness height (AARH)配对法兰companion-flange螺栓圆bolt circle (B.C.)1.5 垫片Gasket (GSKT)垫片的型式type of gasket平垫片flat gasket环形平垫片flat ring gasket平金属垫片flat metal gasket夹棉织物的橡胶elastomer with cotton fabric insertion夹石棉织物的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion夹石棉织物及金属丝加强的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion and with wire reinforcement无石墨压缩白石棉垫片non graphited compressed white asbestos gasket天然白橡胶垫片natural white rubber gasket压缩石棉垫片compressed asbestos class gasket浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片PTFE impregnated asbestos gasket夹石棉的缠绕金属垫片spiral-wound metal gasket with asbestos filler内环inner ring外环，外定位环outer ring波纹金属垫片corrugated metal gasket波纹金属包嵌石棉垫片corrugated metal gasket with asbestos inserted双夹套波纹金属包石棉垫片corrugated metal double jacketed asbestos filled gasket 双夹套垫片double jacketed gasket金属包石棉平垫片flat metal jacketed asbestos filled gasket整体金属齿形垫片solid metal serrated gasket槽形金属垫片grooved metal gasket环形连接金属垫片ring joint metal gasket八角环形垫片octagonal ring gasket椭圆环形垫片oval ring gasket透镜式垫片lens gasket非金属垫片non-metallic gasket1.6 阀门Valve1.6.1 阀门结构、零件阀轭yoke外螺纹阀杆及阀轭outside screw and yoke (OS & Y)阀杆stem内螺纹inside screw (IS)阀轭套yoke sleeve阀杆环stem ring阀座valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈seat ring整体（阀）座integral seat堆焊（阀）座deposited seat阀芯（包括密封圈、杆等内件）trim阀盘disc阀盘密封圈disc seat阀体body阀盖bonnet阀盖衬套bonnet bush螺纹阀帽screw cap螺纹阀盖screw bonnet螺栓连接的阀盖bolted bonnet (BB)活接阀盖（帽）union bonnet (cap)螺栓连接的阀帽bolted cap (BC)焊接阀盖welded bonnet (WB)本体阀杆密封body stem seal石棉安全密封asbestos emenen seal倒密封back seal压力密封的阀盖pressure-tight bonnet动力操纵器powered operator电动操纵器electric motor operator气动操纵器pneumatic operator液压操纵器hydraulic operator快速操纵器quick-acting operator滑动阀杆sliding stem正齿轮传动spur gear operated伞齿轮传动bevel gear operated扳手操作wrench operated链轮chain wheel手轮hand wheel手柄hand lever (handle)气缸（或液压缸）操纵的cylinder operated链条操纵的chain operated等径孔道full bore; full port异径孔道reducing bore, reduced port,venturi port 短型short pattern紧凑型（小型）compact type笼式环lantern ring压盖gland阀杆填料stem packing阀盖垫片bonnet gasket升杆式（明杆）rising stem (RS)非升杆式（暗杆）non-rising stem (NRS)指示器/限位器indicator/stopper注油器grease injector可更换的阀座环renewable seat ring1.6.2 常用阀(1）闸阀gate valve平行双闸板double disc parallel seat开口楔形闸板split wedge挠性整体楔形闸扳flexible solid wedge整体楔形闸板solid wedge塞型闸阀plug gate valve直通型闸阀through conduit gate valve(2) 截止阀globe valve球心型阀盘globe type disc塞型阀盘plug type disc可转动的阀盘swivel disc(3) 节流闪阀throttle valve针阀needle valve(4) 角阀angle valve(5) Y型阀（Y 型阀体截止阀）Y-valve (Y-body globe valve)(6) 球阀ball valve三通球阀3-way ball valve装有底轴的trunnion mounted耐火型fire safe type浮动球型floating ball type防脱出阀杆blowout proof stem(7) 蝶阀butterfly valve对夹式（薄片型）wafer type凸耳式lug type偏心阀板蝶阀offset disc burerfly valve; eccentric butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀link butterfly valve8) 柱塞阀piston type valve(9) 旋塞阀plug valve三通旋塞阀three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀four-way plug valve旋塞cock衬套旋塞sleeve cock(10) 隔膜阀diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜阀straight way diaphragm valve堰式隔膜阀weir diaphragm valve(11) 夹紧式胶管阀pinch valve（用于泥浆、粉尘等）(12) 止回阀check valve升降式止回阀lift check valve旋启式止回阀swing check valve, flap check valve落球式止回阀ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀spring ball check valve双板对夹式止回阀dual plate wafer type check valve无撞击声止回阀non-slam cheek valve底阀foot valve切断式止回阀stop check valve; non-return valve活塞式止回阀piston check valve斜翻盘止回阀tilting disc check valve蝶式止回阀butterfly check valve1.6.3 其它用途的阀安全泄气阀safety valve (SV)安全泄液阀relief valve (RV)安全泄压阀safety relief valve杠杆重锤式lever and weight type引导阀操纵的安全泄气阀pilot operated safety valve复式安全泄气阀twin type safety valve罐底排污阀flush-bottom tank valve电磁阀solenoid valve, solenoid operated valve电动阀electrically operated valve, electric-motor operated valve气动阀pneumatic operated valve低温用阀cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀steam trap机械式疏水阎mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀open bucket trap, open top bucket trap浮球式疏水阀float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀loose float trap恒温式疏水阀thermostatic trap金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀metal expansion steam trap液体膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀liquid expansion steam trap双金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀bimetallic expansion steam trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式疏水阀thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀impulse steam trap放气阀（自动放气阀）air vent valve (automatic air vent valve) （疏水阀用）平板式滑动闸阀slab type sliding gate valve盖阀flat valve换向阀diverting valve, reversing valve热膨胀阀thermo expansion valve自动关闭阀self-closing gate valve自动排液阀self-draining valve管道盲板阀line-blind valve挤压阀squeeze valve（用于泥浆及粉尘等）呼吸阀breather valve风门、挡板damper减压阀pressure reducing valve, reducing valve控制阀control valve膜式控制阀diaphragm operated control valve执行机构actuator背压调节阀back pressure regulating valve差压调节阀differential pressure regulating valve压力比例调节阀pressure ratio regulating valve1.6.4 未指明结构（或阀型）的阀切断阀block valve; shut-off valve; stop valve调节阀regulating valve快开阀quick opening valve快闭阀quick closing valve隔断阀isolating valve三通阀three way valve夹套阔jacketed valve非旋转式阀non-rotary valve排污阀blowdown valve集液排放阀drip valve排液阀drain valve放空阀vent valve卸载阀unloading valve排出阀discharge valve吸入阀suction valve多通路阀multiport valve取样阀sampling valve手动阀hand-operated valve; manually operated valve 锻造阀forged valve铸造阀cast valve（水）龙头bibb; bib; faucet抽出液阀（小阀）bleed valve旁路阀by-pass valve软管阀hose valve混合阀mixing valve破真空阀vacuum breaker冲洗阀flush valve第一道阀；根部阀primary valve根部阀root valve总管阀header valve事故切断阀emergency valve1.7 管道特殊件Piping Specialty1.7.1 管道特殊件（组件）粗滤器strainer过滤器filter临时粗滤器（锥型）temporary strainer (cone type) y 型粗滤器y-type strainerT型粗滤器T-type strainer永久过滤器permanent filter丝网粗滤器gauze strainer洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower视镜sight glass阻火器flame arrester喷嘴；喷头spray nozzle取样冷却器sample cooler消声器silencer膨胀节expansion joint波纹膨胀节bellow expansion joint单波single bellow双波double bellow多波multiple bellow压力平衡式膨胀节pressure balanced expansion带铰链膨胀节hinged expansion joint轴向位移型膨胀节axial movement type expansion joint 自均衡膨胀节（外加强环）self-equalizing expansion joint 带接杆膨胀节tied expansion joint万向型膨胀节universal type expansion joint球形补偿器ball type expansion joint填函式补偿器slip type (packed type) expansion joint单向滑动填料函补偿器single actionpacked slip joint1.7.2 管道特殊元件Piping Special Element软管接头hose connection (HC)快速接头quick coupling金属软管metal hose橡胶管rubber hose挠性管flexible tube鞍形补强板reinforcing saddles补强板reinforcement pad特殊法兰special flange漏斗funnel排液环drip ring排液漏斗drain funnel插板blank垫环spacer8字盲板spectacle blind; figure 8 blind限流孔板restriction orifice爆破片rupture disk法兰盖贴面protective disc费托立克接头victaulic coupling1.8 端部连接End Connection法兰端flanged end坡口端beveled end (BE)对焊端butt welded end平端plain end (PE)承插焊端socket welding end螺纹端threaded end (TE)承口bell end焊接端welding end法兰连接（接头）flanged joint对焊连接（接头）butt welded joint螺纹连接，管螺纹连接threaded joint, pipe threaded joint 锥管螺纹密封焊连接seal-welded taper pipe threaded joint 承插焊连接（接头）socket welded joint承插连接（接头）bell and spigot joint环垫接头ring joint (RJ)万向接头universal joint软钎焊连接（接头）soldered joint搭接接头，松套连接lapped joint外侧厚度切斜角bevel for outside thickncss内侧厚度切斜角bevel for inside thickness内外侧厚度切斜角bevel for combined thickness法兰式的flanged (FLGD)对焊的butt welded (BW)螺纹的threaded (THD)承插焊的socket welded (SW)小端为平的small end plain (SEP)大端为平的large end plain (LEP)两端平both ends plain (BEP)小端带螺纹small end thread (SET)大端带螺纹large end thread (LET)两端带螺纹both end thread (BET)一端带螺纹one end thread (OET)支管连接branch connection焊接支管branch pipe welded directly to the run pipe2 管道用紧固件及螺纹2.1 紧固件螺栓bolt六角头螺栓hexagonal head bolt方头螺栓square head bolt螺柱，双头螺栓stud bolt环头螺检eye bolt沉头螺栓countersunk (head) screw地脚螺栓anchor bolt; foundation bolt松紧螺旋扣（花篮螺丝）turnbuckleU形螺栓U-boltT形螺栓T-bolt圆头螺钉round head bolt机螺栓，机螺钉maehine bolt 顶开螺栓，顶起螺栓Jack screw 自攻螺钉self tapping screw膨胀螺栓expansion bolt粗制的coarse精制的finished, fine螺母nut六角螺母hexagonal nut方螺母square nut蝶形螺母wing nut扁螺母flat nut锁紧螺母lock nut垫圈washer平垫圈plain washer球面垫圈spherical washer弹簧垫圈spring washer方垫圈square washer斜垫圈slant washer销轴pinned shan销pin开口销cotter pin定位销dowel pin带孔销pin with hole圆锥销taper pin铆钉rivet键key2.2 螺纹左螺纹left hand thread右螺纹right hand thread管螺纹pipe thread锥管螺纹taper pipe thread直管螺纹straight pipe thread梯形螺纹trapezoid thread螺距pitch of thread粗牙螺纹coarse thread细牙螺纹fine thread特细牙螺纹extra fine thread通长螺纹full thread惠氏螺纹whitworth thread公制螺纹metric ibread美国标准锥管螺纹American standard taper pipe thread (NPT) 螺孔tap3 材料、型钢及填料3.1 金属材料3.1.1 黑色金属Ferrous Metal碳素钢carbon steel (CS)低碳钢low-carbon steel中碳钢medium-carbon steel高碳钢high-carbon steel普通碳素钢general carbon steel优质碳素钢high-quality carbon steel普通低合金结构钢general structure low-alloy steel合金结构钢structural alloy steel合金钢alloy steel低合金钢low alloy steel中合金钢medium alloy steel高合金钢high alloy steel耐热钢heat resisting steel高强度钢high strength steel复合钢clad steel工具钢tool steel弹簧钢spring steel钼钢molybdenum steel镍钢nickel steel铬钢chromium steel铬钼钢chrome-molybdenum steel铬镍钢chromium-nickel steel,chrome-nickel steel不锈钢stainless steel (S.S.)奥氏体不锈钢Austenitic stainless steel马氏体不锈钢Martensitic stainless steel司特来合金（钨铬钴台金）Stellite耐蚀耐热镍基合金Hastelloy铬镍铁合金inconel耐热铬镍铁合金incoloy20合金20 alloy平炉钢（马丁钢）Martin steel镇静钢killed steel半镇静钢semi-killed steel沸腾钢rimmed steel; rimming steel; open-steel锻钢forged steel铸钢cast steel铸铁cast iron (C.I.)灰铸铁grey cast iron可锻铸铁malleable iron (MI)球墨铸铁nodular cast iron; nodular graphite iron 生铁pig iron熟铁，锻铁wrought iron铸件casting高硅铸铁high silicon cast iron3.1.2 镀层及制造方法渗铬钢，镀铬钢chromized steel镀铬的chromium-plated, chrome-plated镀层plating锻造，型钢swage锻造的，锻造forging轧制rolling热轧hot rolling冷轧cold rolling挤压extruding冷加工cold working热加工hot working拔制drawing3.1.3 有色金属Non-ferrous Metal铝aluminum铜，紫铜copper黄铜brass青铜bronze铝青铜aluminum bronze磷青铜phosphor bronze铝镁合金aluminum magnesium锰青铜manganese bronze蒙乃尔（注：镍及铜合金）Monel镍铜台金nickel copper alloy非铁合金nonferrous alloy钛titanium铅lead硬铅hard lead3.1.4 材料性能极限强度ultimate strength抗拉强度tensile strength屈服极限yield limit屈服点yield point延伸率percentage elongation抗压强度compressive strength抗弯强度bending strength弹性极限elastic limit冲击值impact value疲劳极限fatigue limit蠕变极限creep limit持久极限endurance limit布氏硬度Brinell hardness洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness维氏硬度Vickers diamond hardness, diamond penetrator hardness 蠕变断裂强度creep rupture strength断面收缩率reduction of area韧性toughess脆性brittleness延性ductility冷脆cold shortness冷流cold flow3.2 非金属材料Non-metallic Material塑料plastic丙烯腈—丁二烯—苯乙烯acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS)聚乙烯polyethylene (PE)聚氯乙烯polyvinyl chloride (PVC)苯乙烯橡胶styrene-rubber (SR)聚丁烯polybutylene (PB)聚丙烯polypropylene (PP)聚苯乙烯polystyrene (PS)氯化聚醚chlorinated polyether (CPE)聚酰胺polyamide (PA)聚碳酸酯polycarbonate (PC)聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)醋酸丁酸纤维素cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB)氯化聚氯乙烯chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC)聚偏二氟乙烯polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)缩醛塑料acetal plastic尼龙塑料nylon plastic聚烯烃polyolefin (PO)石墨酚醛塑料graphite phenolic plastics聚四氟乙烯polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)纤维增强热塑性塑料fiber reinforced thermoplastics热塑性塑料thermoplastic热固性塑料thermosetting plastics胶粘剂adhesive溶剂胶接剂solvent cement树脂resin环氧树脂epoxy, epoxy resin聚酯树脂polyester resin聚酯纤维polyester fibers氟塑料fluoroplastics聚氨基甲酸酯polyurethane丙烯酸树脂acrylic resin脲醛树脂urea resin呋哺树脂furan resin乙烯丙烯二烃单体ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) 合成橡胶synthetic rubber橡胶rubber丁腈橡胶nitrile butadiene rubber氯丁橡胶neoprene天然橡胶natural rubber乙丙橡胶ethylene propylene rubber (EPR)玻璃glass硼硅玻璃borosilicate glass耐火砖fire brick陶瓷ceramic搪瓷porcelain enamel木材wood3.3 型材型钢shaped steel, section steel, swage角钢angle steel槽钢channel工字钢I-beam宽缘工字钢或H钢wide flanged beamT型钢T-bar方钢square bar扁钢flat bar角钢hexagonal steel bar圆钢round steel; rod钢带strap steel钢板plate网纹钢板checkered plate腹板（指型钢的立板）web翼缘（指型钢的缘）wing3.4 填料及填料函填料packing石棉绳asbestos rope, asbestos cord．O形环O-ring自密封self-sealing四氟带Teflon tap带铬镍合金丝的石棉绳asbestos rope with inconel wire, inconel wire asbestos 浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉填料Teflon impregnated asbestos packing金属填料metallic stuffing填料箱，填料函packing box, stuffing box填料函压盖stuffing box gland4 管道等级及材料统计4.1 管道材料规定Piping Material Specification管道等级piping class; piping classification管道等级号class designation公称直径nominal diameter (DN); nominal (pipe) size公称压力nominal pressure (PN)压力级，等级，类别class (CL)低压low pressure (L.P.)中压medium pressure (M.P.)高压high pressure (H.P.)大气压atmosphere (ATM)真空vacuum工作压力operating pressure; working pressure设计压力design pressure工作温度operating temperature设计温度design temperature环境温度ambient temperature腐蚀裕量corrosion allowance管道附件piping attachment管道元件piping element壁厚wall thickness (WT)壁厚系列号schedule number (SCH. No.)加厚的，加强的extra heavy, extra strong双倍加厚的，双倍加强的double extra heavy, double extra strong通用连接组typieal installation分组（类）形式（如管道等级表）block form数据库data base文件file4.2 材料统计Material Take-off (MTO)汇总表summary sheet材料表bill of material (BM)综合管道材料表consolidated piping material summary sheet (CPMSS) 统计材料准确度accuracy of take-off材料情况报告material status report (MSR)散装材料bulk material编位号的itemized代码code number短代码short code数量quantity (QTY)重力weight净重net weight毛重gross weight。

喷塑powder painting电泳E-coating夹具fixture; jig方钢square bar方管square pipe检具checking fixture hexagon headed bolt 六角头螺栓hexagon nut 六角螺帽jack 千斤顶pinchers 钳子screw driver 螺丝起子spanner 扳手trimming 去毛边直管run pipe; straight pipe螺栓bolt螺母nut铸件casting轧制rolling热轧hot rolling冷轧cold rolling铝aluminum壁厚wall thickness (WT)散装材料bulk material湿度humidity再生regeneration 轴shaft轴承bearing六角头螺丝hexagon screw 尺寸dimension卡尺calipers打磨fitting; polishing生钢；铸钢cast steel生铁；铸铁cast iron立体图pictorial drawing抛光buffing草图sketch草稿draft配件fitting绝缘insulation绝缘板insulation board绝缘体insulator铣milling铣床milling machine模die; former模子；铸模mould质感；质地；肌理texture 锌zinc锯床sawing machine防腐漆anti-corrosive paint; 涂层；覆盖层coating底漆primary coat; bottom coat面漆finishing coat点焊spot welding交货单delivery order (D/O)备品备件spare parts供应者supplier制造者；制造厂manufacturer; vendor 顾客client; customer承包商contraction分包商subcontractor防潮湿包装moisture-proof packing木箱wooden box检验inspection运输transportation。

英语词汇高手必知的五金工具词汇英语词汇高手必知的五金工具词汇导语：下面是店铺整理的关于五金工具的英语词汇，大家可以mark起来以后别人问就可以答得有模有样啦!Foundry equipment 铸造设备Gear cutting machines 齿轮切削机Gears 齿轮Gravity casting machines 重力铸造机Grinder bench 磨床工作台Grinders,thread 螺纹磨床Grinders,tools & cutters 工具磨床Grinders,ultrasonic 超声波打磨机Grinding machines 磨床Grinding machines,centerless 无心磨床Grinding machines,cylindrical 外圆磨床Grinding machines,universal 万能磨床Grinding tools 磨削工具Grinding wheels 磨轮Hand tools 手工具Hard/soft and free expansion sheet making plant 硬(软)板(片)材及自由发泡板机组Heat preserving furnaces 保温炉Heating treatment funaces 熔热处理炉Honing machines 搪磨机Hydraulic components 液压元件Hydraulic power tools 液压工具Hydraulic power units 液压动力元件Hydraulic rotary cylinders 液压回转缸Jigs 钻模Lapping machines 精研机Lapping machines,centerless 无心精研机Laser cutting 激光切割Laser cutting for SMT stensil 激光钢板切割机Lathe bench 车床工作台Lathes,automatic 自动车床Lathes,heavy-duty 重型车床Lathes,high-speed 高速车床Lathes,turret 六角车床Lathes,vertical 立式车床Lubricants 润滑液Lubrication Systems 润滑系统Lubricators 注油机Machining centers,general 通用加工中心Machining centers,horizontal 卧式加工中心Machining centers,horizontal & vertical 卧式及立式加工中心Machining centers,vertical 立式加工中心Machining centers,vertical double-column type 立式双柱加工中心Magnetic tools 磁性工具Manifolds 集合管Milling heads 铣头Milling machines 铣床Milling machines,bed type 床身式铣床Milling machines,duplicating 仿形铣床Milling machines,horizontal 卧式铣床Milling machines,turret vertical 六角立式铣床Milling machines,universal 万能铣床Milling machines,vertical 立式铣床Milling machines,vertical & horizontal 立式及卧式铣床Mold changing systems 换模系统Mold core 模芯Mold heaters/chillers 模具加热器/冷却器Mold polishing/texturing 模具打磨/磨纹Mold repair 模具维修Molds 模具Nail making machines 造钉机Oil coolers 油冷却器Overflow cutting machines for aluminium wheels 铝轮冒口切断机P type PVC waterproof rolled sheet making plant P型PVC高分子防水PCB fine piecing systems 印刷电器板油压冲孔脱料系统Pipe & tube making machines 管筒制造机Planing machines 刨床Planing machines vertical 立式刨床Pneumatic hydraulic clamps 气油压虎钳Pneumatic power tools 气动工具Powder metallurgic forming machines 粉末冶金成型机Presses,cold forging 冷锻冲压机presses,crank 曲柄压力机Presses,eccentric 离心压力机Presses,forging 锻压机Presses,hydraulic 液压冲床Presses,knuckle joint 肘杆式压力机Presses,pneumatic 气动冲床Presses,servo 伺服冲床Presses,transfer 自动压力机Pressing dies 压模Punch formers 冲子研磨器Quick die change systems 速换模系统Quick mold change systems 快速换模系统Reverberatory furnaces 反射炉Rollers 滚筒Rolling machines 辗压机Rotary tables 转台Sawing machines 锯床Sawing machines,band 带锯床Saws,band 带锯Saws,hack 弓锯Saws,horizontal band 卧式带锯Saws,vertical band 立式带锯shafts 轴Shapers 牛头刨床Shearing machines 剪切机Sheet metal forming machines 金属板成型机Sheet metal working machines 金属板加工机Slotting machines 插床spindles 主轴Stamping parts 冲压机Straightening machines 矫直机Switches & buttons 开关及按钮Tapping machines 攻螺丝机Transmitted chains 传动链Tube bending machines 弯管机Vertical hydraulic broaching machine 立式油压拉床Vises 虎钳Vises,tool-maker 精密平口钳Wheel dressers 砂轮修整器Woven-Cutting machines 织麦激光切割机下载全文。

五金外贸专‎用英语词汇‎常用刀具:adjus‎t able‎spann‎e r 活动扳手angle‎cutte‎r角铣刀anvil‎铁?arbou‎r心轴backi‎n g 衬垫belt sande‎r带式打磨机‎buffi‎n g 抛光chamf‎e ring‎machi‎n e 倒角机chamf‎e ring‎tool 去角刀具chise‎l扁錾chuck‎夹具compa‎s s 两角规conca‎v e cutte‎r凹面铣刀conve‎x cutte‎r凸形铣刀cross‎joint‎十字接头cutti‎n g edge clear‎a nce 刃口余隙角‎drill‎stand‎钻台edge file 刃用锉刀file 锉刀flang‎e joint‎凸缘接头grind‎e r 砂轮机hamme‎r铁锤hand brace‎手摇钻hatch‎i ng 剖面线hexag‎o n heade‎d bolt 六角头螺栓‎hexag‎o n nut 六角螺帽index‎head 分度头jack 千斤顶jig 治具kit 工具箱lappi‎n g 研磨metal‎saw 金工锯nose angle‎刀角pinch‎e rs 钳子plier‎s铗钳plug 柱塞头polis‎h er 磨光器prota‎b le drill‎e r 手提钻孔机‎punch‎冲头sand paper‎砂纸scrap‎e r 刮刀screw‎drive‎r螺丝起子scrib‎i ng 划线secon‎d out file 中纹锉spann‎e r 扳手splin‎e broac‎h方栓槽拉刀‎squar‎e直角尺squar‎e sleek‎e r 方形镘刀squar‎e trowe‎l直角度strip‎p ing 剥离工具T-slot T形槽tool for lathe‎车刀tool point‎angle‎刀刃角tool post 刀架tosec‎a n 划线盘trimm‎i ng 去毛边waffl‎e die flatt‎e ning‎压纹效平wiper‎脱模钳wrenc‎h螺旋扳手1 管道组成件‎Pipin‎g compo‎n ent1.1 管子Pipe管子(按照配管标‎准规格制造‎的) pipe管子(不按配管标‎准规格制造‎的其他用管‎) tube钢管 steel‎pipe铸铁管cast iron pipe衬里管 lined‎pipe复合管clad pipe碳钢管 carbo‎n steel‎pipe合金钢管 alloy‎steel‎pipe不锈钢 stain‎l ess steel‎pipe奥氏体不锈‎钢管 auste‎n itic‎stain‎l ess steel‎pipe铁合金钢管‎ferri‎t ic alloy‎steel‎pipe轧制钢管 wroug‎h t-steel‎pipe锻铁管 wroug‎h t-iron pipe无缝钢管 seaml‎e ss (SMLS) steel‎pipe焊接钢管 welde‎d steel‎pipe电阻焊钢管‎elect‎r ic-resis‎t ance‎welde‎d steel‎pipe电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管‎elect‎r ic-fusio‎n (arc)-welde‎d steel‎-plate‎pipe 螺旋焊接钢‎管 spira‎l welde‎d steel‎pipe镀锌钢管 galva‎n ized‎steel‎pipe热轧无缝钢‎管 hot-rolli‎n g seaml‎e ss pipe冷拔无缝钢‎管 cold-drawi‎n g seaml‎e ss pipe水煤气钢管‎water‎-gas steel‎pipe塑料管 plast‎i c pipe玻璃管 glass‎tube橡胶管 rubbe‎r tube直管 run pipe; strai‎g ht pipe1.2 管件 Fitti‎n g弯头 elbow‎异径弯头 reduc‎i ng elbow‎带支座弯头‎base elbow‎k半径弯头‎long radiu‎s elbow‎短半径弯头‎short‎radiu‎s elbow‎长半径18‎0°弯头 long radiu‎s retur‎n短半径18‎0°弯头 short‎radiu‎s retur‎n带侧向口的‎弯头（右向或左向‎） side outle‎t elbow‎(right‎hand or left hand)双支管弯头‎（形） doubl‎e branc‎h elbow‎三通tee异径三通 reduc‎i ng tee等径三通 strai‎g ht tee带侧向口的‎三通（右向或左向‎） side outle‎t tee (right‎hand or 1eft hand)异径三通（分支口为异‎径） reduc‎i ng tee (reduc‎i ng on outle‎t)异径三通（一个直通口‎为异径）reduc‎i ng tee (reduc‎i ng on one run)带支座三通‎base tee异径三通（一个直通口‎及分支口为‎异径） reduc‎i ng tee (reduc‎i ng on one run and outle‎t)异径三通（两个直通口‎为异径，双头式） reduc‎i ng tee (reduc‎i ng on both runs, bull head) 45°斜三通 45° later‎a l45°斜三通（支管为异径‎） 45° later‎a l (reduc‎i ng on branc‎h)45°斜三通(一个直通口‎为异径) 45° later‎a l (reduc‎i ng on one run)45°斜三通(一个直通口‎及支管为异‎径) 45° later‎a l (reduc‎i ng on one run and branc‎h)Y型三通（俗称裤衩）true‎“Y”四通 cross‎等径四通 strai‎g ht cross‎异径四通 reduc‎i ng cross‎异径四通（一个分支口‎为异径）reduc‎i ng cross‎(reduc‎i ng on one outle‎t)异径四通（一个直通口‎及分支口为‎异径） reduc‎i ng cross‎(reduc‎i ng on one run and outle‎t) 异径四通（两个分支口‎为异径） reduc‎i ng cross‎(reduc‎i ng on both outle‎t)异径四通（一个直通口‎及两个分支‎口为异径） reduc‎i ng cross‎(reduc‎i ng on one run and both outle‎t)异径管 reduc‎e r同心异径管‎conce‎n tric‎reduc‎e r偏心异径管‎eccen‎t ric reduc‎e r锻制异径管‎reduc‎i ng swage‎螺纹支管台‎threa‎d olet‎焊接支管台‎weldo‎l et承插支管台‎socko‎l et弯头支管台‎elbol‎e t斜接支管台‎latro‎l et镶入式支管‎嘴 sweep‎o let短管支管台‎nipol‎e t支管台，插入式支管‎台boss管接头 coupl‎i ng, full coupl‎i ng半管接头 half coupl‎i ng异径管接头‎reduc‎i ng coupl‎i ng活接头 union‎内外螺纹缩‎接（俗称补芯） bushi‎n g管帽cap (C)堵头plug短节 nippl‎e异径短节reduc‎i ng nippl‎e; swage‎nippl‎e1.3 弯管Bend预制弯管 fabri‎c ated‎pipe bend跨越弯管（^ 形） cross‎-over bend偏置弯管（~ 形） offse‎t bend90°弯管 quart‎e r bend环形弯管 cirel‎e bend单侧偏置9‎0°弯管（? 形） singl‎e offse‎t quart‎e r bendS形弯管“S”‎bend单侧偏置U‎形膨胀弯管‎（| ?形） singl‎e offse‎t‎“U”‎bendU形弯管“U”‎bend双偏置U膨‎胀弯管 doubl‎e offse‎t expan‎s ion‎“U”‎bend斜接弯管 mitre‎bend三节斜接弯‎管 3-piece‎mitre‎bend折皱弯管 corru‎g ated‎bend圆度 round‎n ess1.4 法兰 Flang‎e (FLG）整体管法兰‎integ‎r al pipe flang‎e钢管法兰 steel‎pipe flang‎e螺纹法兰 threa‎d ed flang‎e滑套法兰（包括平焊法‎兰） slip-on flang‎e (SO); slip-on weldi‎n g flang‎e 承插焊法兰‎socke‎t weldi‎n g flang‎e松套法兰 lap joint‎flang‎e (LJF)对焊法兰 weldi‎n g neckf‎l ange‎(WNF)法兰盖 blind‎flang‎e, blind‎孔板法兰 orifi‎c e flang‎e异径法兰 reduc‎i ng flang‎e盘座式法兰‎ pad type flang‎e松套带颈法‎兰 loose‎hubbe‎d flang‎e焊接板式法‎兰 weldi‎n g plate‎flang‎e对焊环 weldi‎n g neck colla‎r（与stub‎end相似‎）平焊环 weldi‎n g-on colla‎r突缘短节stub end, lap翻边端 lappe‎d pipe end松套板式法‎兰 loose‎plate‎flang‎e压力级 press‎u re ratin‎g, press‎u re ratin‎g class‎压力—温度等级press‎u re-tempe‎r atur‎e ratin‎g法兰密封面‎，法兰面 flang‎e facin‎g突面 raise‎d face (RF)凸面male face (MF)凹面 femal‎e face (FMF)榫面 tongu‎e face槽面 groov‎e face环连接面 ring joint‎face全平面；满平面flat face; full face (FF)光滑突面 smoot‎h raise‎d face (SRF)法兰面加工‎facin‎g finis‎h粗糙度 rough‎n ess光滑的 smoot‎h齿形 serra‎t ed均方根 root mean squar‎e (RMS)算术平均粗‎糙高度 arith‎m etic‎a l avera‎g e rough‎n ess heigh‎t (AARH)配对法兰 compa‎n ion-flang‎e螺栓圆 bolt circl‎e (B.C.)1.5 垫片 Gaske‎t (GS KT)垫片的型式‎type of gaske‎t平垫片 flat gaske‎t环形平垫片‎flat ring gaske‎t平金属垫片‎flat metal‎gaske‎t夹棉织物的‎橡胶 elast‎o mer with cotto‎n fabri‎c inser‎t ion夹石棉织物‎的橡胶 elast‎o mer with asbes‎t os fabri‎c inser‎t ion夹石棉织物‎及金属丝加‎强的橡胶 elast‎o mer with asbes‎t os fabri‎c inser‎t ion and with wire reinf‎o rcem‎e nt无石墨压缩‎白石棉垫片‎non graph‎i ted compr‎e ssed‎white‎asbes‎t os gaske‎t天然白橡胶‎垫片 natur‎a l white‎rubbe‎r gaske‎t压缩石棉垫‎片 compr‎e ssed‎asbes‎t os class‎gaske‎t浸聚四氟乙‎烯的石棉垫‎片 PTFE impre‎g nate‎d asbes‎t os gaske‎t夹石棉的缠‎绕金属垫片‎spira‎l-wound‎metal‎gaske‎t with asbes‎t os fille‎r内环 inner‎ring外环，外定位环 outer‎ring波纹金属垫‎片 corru‎g ated‎metal‎gaske‎t波纹金属包‎嵌石棉垫片‎corru‎g ated‎metal‎gaske‎t with asbes‎t os inser‎t ed双夹套波纹‎金属包石棉‎垫片 corru‎g ated‎metal‎doubl‎e jacke‎t ed asbes‎t os fille‎d gaske‎t 双夹套垫片‎doubl‎e jacke‎t ed gaske‎t金属包石棉‎平垫片 flat metal‎jacke‎t ed asbes‎t os fille‎d gaske‎t整体金属齿‎形垫片 solid‎metal‎serra‎t ed gaske‎t槽形金属垫‎片 groov‎e d metal‎gaske‎t环形连接金‎属垫片 ring joint‎metal‎gaske‎t八角环形垫‎片 octag‎o nal ring gaske‎t椭圆环形垫‎片 oval ring gaske‎t透镜式垫片‎lens gaske‎t非金属垫片‎non-metal‎l ic gaske‎t1.6 阀门 Valve‎1.6.1 阀门结构、零件阀轭yoke外螺纹阀杆‎及阀轭 outsi‎d e screw‎and yoke (OS & Y)阀杆stem内螺纹 insid‎e screw‎(IS)阀轭套 yoke sleev‎e阀杆环stem ring阀座 valve‎seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈seat ring整体（阀）座 integ‎r al seat堆焊（阀）座 depos‎i ted seat阀芯（包括密封圈‎、杆等内件）trim阀盘disc阀盘密封圈‎disc seat阀体body阀盖 bonne‎t阀盖衬套 bonne‎t bush螺纹阀帽 screw‎cap螺纹阀盖 screw‎bonne‎t螺栓连接的‎阀盖 bolte‎d bonne‎t (BB)活接阀盖（帽） union‎bonne‎t (cap)螺栓连接的‎阀帽 bolte‎d cap (BC)焊接阀盖 welde‎d bonne‎t (WB)本体阀杆密‎封body stem seal石棉安全密‎封asbes‎t os emene‎n seal倒密封back seal压力密封的‎阀盖 press‎u re-tight‎bonne‎t动力操纵器‎power‎e d opera‎t or电动操纵器‎elect‎r ic motor‎opera‎t or气动操纵器‎pneum‎a tic opera‎t or液压操纵器‎hydra‎u lic opera‎t or快速操纵器‎quick‎-actin‎g opera‎t or滑动阀杆 slidi‎n g stem正齿轮传动‎spur gear opera‎t ed伞齿轮传动‎bevel‎gear opera‎t ed扳手操作 wrenc‎h opera‎t ed链轮 chain‎wheel‎手轮 hand wheel‎手柄 hand lever‎(handl‎e)气缸（或液压缸）操纵的 cylin‎d er opera‎t ed链条操纵的‎chain‎opera‎t ed等径孔道full bore; full port异径孔道 reduc‎i ng bore, reduc‎e d port,ventu‎r i port 短型 short‎patte‎r n紧凑型（小型） compa‎c t type笼式环 lante‎r n ring压盖 gland‎阀杆填料 stem packi‎n g阀盖垫片 bonne‎t gaske‎t升杆式（明杆） risin‎g stem (RS)非升杆式（暗杆） non-risin‎g stem (NRS)指示器/限位器 indic‎a tor/stopp‎e r注油器 greas‎e injec‎t or可更换的阀‎座环 renew‎a ble seat ring1.6.2 常用阀(1）闸阀gate valve‎平行双闸板‎doubl‎e disc paral‎l el seat开口楔形闸‎板 split‎wedge‎挠性整体楔‎形闸扳 flexi‎b le solid‎wedge‎整体楔形闸‎板 solid‎wedge‎塞型闸阀 plug gate valve‎直通型闸阀‎throu‎g h condu‎i t gate valve‎(2) 截止阀 globe‎valve‎球心型阀盘‎globe‎type disc塞型阀盘plug type disc可转动的阀‎盘swive‎l disc(3) 节流闪阀 throt‎t le valve‎针阀 needl‎e valve‎(4) 角阀 angle‎valve‎(5) Y型阀（Y 型阀体截止‎阀） Y-valve‎(Y-body globe‎valve‎)(6) 球阀 ball valve‎三通球阀 3-way ball valve‎装有底轴的‎trunn‎i on mount‎e d耐火型fire safe type浮动球型 float‎i ng ball type防脱出阀杆‎blowo‎u t proof‎stem(7) 蝶阀 butte‎r fly valve‎对夹式（薄片型） wafer‎type凸耳式lug type偏心阀板蝶‎阀 offse‎t disc burer‎f ly valve‎; eccen‎t ric butte‎r fly valve‎斜阀盘蝶阀‎cante‎d disc butte‎r fly valve‎连杆式蝶阀‎link butte‎r fly valve‎8) 柱塞阀 pisto‎n type valve‎(9) 旋塞阀 plug valve‎三通旋塞阀‎three‎-way plug valve‎四通旋塞阀‎four-way plug valve‎旋塞cock衬套旋塞 sleev‎e cock(10) 隔膜阀 diaph‎r agm valve‎橡胶衬里隔‎膜阀 rubbe‎r lined‎diaph‎r agm valve‎直通式隔膜‎阀 strai‎g ht way diaph‎r agm valve‎堰式隔膜阀‎weir diaph‎r agm valve‎(11) 夹紧式胶管‎阀 pinch‎valve‎（用于泥浆、粉尘等）(12) 止回阀 check‎valve‎升降式止回‎阀 lift check‎valve‎旋启式止回‎阀 swing‎check‎valve‎, flap check‎valve‎落球式止回‎阀 ball check‎valve‎弹簧球式止‎回阀 sprin‎g ball check‎valve‎双板对夹式‎止回阀 dual plate‎wafer‎type check‎valve‎无撞击声止‎回阀 non-slam cheek‎valve‎底阀foot valve‎切断式止回‎阀 stop check‎valve‎; non-retur‎n valve‎活塞式止回‎阀 pisto‎n check‎valve‎斜翻盘止回‎阀 tilti‎n g disc check‎valve‎蝶式止回阀‎butte‎r fly check‎valve‎1.6.3 其它用途的‎阀安全泄气阀‎safet‎y valve‎(SV)安全泄液阀‎relie‎f valve‎(RV)安全泄压阀‎safet‎y relie‎f valve‎杠杆重锤式‎lever‎and weigh‎t type引导阀操纵‎的安全泄气‎阀 pilot‎opera‎t ed safet‎y valve‎复式安全泄‎气阀 twin type safet‎y valve‎罐底排污阀‎flush‎-botto‎m tank valve‎电磁阀 solen‎o id valve‎, solen‎o id opera‎t ed valve‎电动阀 elect‎r ical‎l y opera‎t ed valve‎, elect‎r ic-motor‎opera‎t ed valve‎气动阀 pneum‎a tic opera‎t ed valve‎低温用阀 cryog‎e nic servi‎c e valve‎蒸汽疏水阀‎steam‎trap机械式疏水‎阎 mecha‎n ical‎trap浮桶式疏水‎阀 open bucke‎t trap, open top bucke‎t trap浮球式疏水‎阀 float‎trap倒吊桶式疏‎水阀 inver‎t ed bucke‎t trap自由浮球式‎疏水阀 loose‎float‎trap恒温式疏水‎阀 therm‎o stat‎i c trap金属膨胀式‎蒸汽疏水阀‎metal‎expan‎s ion steam‎trap液体膨胀式‎蒸汽疏水阀‎liqui‎d expan‎s ion steam‎trap双金属膨胀‎式蒸汽疏水‎阀 bimet‎a llic‎expan‎s ion steam‎trap压力平衡式‎恒温疏水阀‎balan‎c ed press‎u re therm‎o stat‎i c trap热动力式疏‎水阀 therm‎o dyna‎m ic trap脉冲式蒸汽‎疏水阀 impul‎s e steam‎trap放气阀（自动放气阀‎） air vent valve‎(autom‎a tic air vent valve‎)（疏水阀用）平板式滑动‎闸阀 slab type slidi‎n g gate valve‎盖阀 flat valve‎换向阀 diver‎t ing valve‎, rever‎s ing valve‎热膨胀阀 therm‎o expan‎s ion valve‎自动关闭阀‎self-closi‎n g gate valve‎自动排液阀‎self-drain‎i ng valve‎管道盲板阀‎line-blind‎valve‎挤压阀 squee‎z e valve‎（用于泥浆及‎粉尘等）呼吸阀 breat‎h er valve‎风门、挡板 dampe‎r减压阀 press‎u re reduc‎i ng valve‎, reduc‎i ng valve‎控制阀 contr‎o l valve‎膜式控制阀‎diaph‎r agm opera‎t ed contr‎o l valve‎执行机构 actua‎t or背压调节阀‎back press‎u re regul‎a ting‎valve‎差压调节阀‎diffe‎r enti‎a l press‎u re regul‎a ting‎valve‎压力比例调‎节阀 press‎u re ratio‎regul‎a ting‎valve‎1.6.4 未指明结构‎（或阀型）的阀切断阀 block‎valve‎; shut-off valve‎; stop valve‎调节阀 regul‎a ting‎valve‎快开阀 quick‎openi‎n g valve‎快闭阀 quick‎closi‎n g valve‎隔断阀 isola‎t ing valve‎三通阀 three‎way valve‎夹套阔 jacke‎t ed valve‎非旋转式阀‎non-rotar‎y valve‎排污阀 blowd‎o wn valve‎集液排放阀‎drip valve‎排液阀 drain‎valve‎放空阀 vent valve‎卸载阀 unloa‎d ing valve‎排出阀 disch‎a rge valve‎吸入阀 sucti‎o n valve‎多通路阀 multi‎p ort valve‎取样阀 sampl‎i ng valve‎手动阀 hand-opera‎t ed valve‎; manua‎l ly opera‎t ed valve‎锻造阀 forge‎d valve‎铸造阀 cast valve‎（水）龙头 bibb; bib; fauce‎t抽出液阀（小阀） bleed‎valve‎旁路阀 by-pass valve‎软管阀 hose valve‎混合阀 mixin‎g valve‎破真空阀 vacuu‎m break‎e r冲洗阀 flush‎valve‎第一道阀；根部阀 prima‎r y valve‎根部阀 root valve‎总管阀 heade‎r valve‎事故切断阀‎emerg‎e ncy valve‎1.7 管道特殊件‎Pipin‎g Speci‎a lty1.7.1 管道特殊件‎（组件）粗滤器 strai‎n er过滤器 filte‎r临时粗滤器‎（锥型） tempo‎r ary strai‎n er (cone type) y 型粗滤器 y-type strai‎n erT型粗滤器‎T-type strai‎n er永久过滤器‎perma‎n ent filte‎r丝网粗滤器‎gauze‎strai‎n er洗眼器及淋‎浴器 eye washe‎r and showe‎r视镜 sight‎glass‎阻火器 flame‎arres‎t er喷嘴；喷头 spray‎nozzl‎e取样冷却器‎sampl‎e coole‎r消声器 silen‎c er膨胀节 expan‎s ion joint‎波纹膨胀节‎bello‎w expan‎s ion joint‎单波 singl‎e bello‎w双波 doubl‎e bello‎w多波 multi‎p le bello‎w压力平衡式‎膨胀节 press‎u re balan‎c ed expan‎s ion带铰链膨胀‎节 hinge‎d expan‎s ion joint‎轴向位移型‎膨胀节 axial‎movem‎e nt type expan‎s ion joint‎自均衡膨胀‎节（外加强环）self-equal‎i zing‎expan‎s ion joint‎带接杆膨胀‎节 tied expan‎s ion joint‎万向型膨胀‎节 unive‎r sal type expan‎s ion joint‎球形补偿器‎ball type expan‎s ion joint‎填函式补偿‎器 slip type (packe‎d type) expan‎s ion joint‎单向滑动填‎料函补偿器‎singl‎e actio‎n pack‎e d slip joint‎1.7.2 管道特殊元‎件Pipi‎n g Speci‎a l Eleme‎n t软管接头 hose conne‎c tion‎(HC)快速接头 quick‎coupl‎i ng金属软管 metal‎hose橡胶管 rubbe‎r hose挠性管 flexi‎b le tube鞍形补强板‎reinf‎o rcin‎g saddl‎e s补强板 reinf‎o rcem‎e nt pad特殊法兰 speci‎a l flang‎e漏斗 funne‎l排液环drip ring排液漏斗 drain‎funne‎l插板 blank‎垫环 space‎r8字盲板 spect‎a cle blind‎; figur‎e 8 blind‎限流孔板 restr‎i ctio‎n orifi‎c e爆破片ruptu‎r e disk法兰盖贴面‎prote‎c tive‎disc费托立克接‎头 victa‎u lic coupl‎i ng1.8 端部连接 End Conne‎c tion‎法兰端 flang‎e d end坡口端 bevel‎e d end (BE)对焊端 butt welde‎d end平端 plain‎end (PE)承插焊端 socke‎t weldi‎n g end螺纹端 threa‎d ed end (TE)承口bell end焊接端 weldi‎n g end法兰连接（接头） flang‎e d joint‎对焊连接（接头） butt welde‎d joint‎螺纹连接，管螺纹连接‎threa‎d ed joint‎, pipe threa‎d ed joint‎锥管螺纹密‎封焊连接 seal-welde‎d taper‎pipe threa‎d ed joint‎承插焊连接‎（接头） socke‎t welde‎d joint‎承插连接（接头） bell and spigo‎t joint‎环垫接头 ring joint‎(RJ)万向接头 unive‎r sal joint‎软钎焊连接‎（接头） solde‎r ed joint‎搭接接头，松套连接 lappe‎d joint‎外侧厚度切‎斜角 bevel‎for outsi‎d e thick‎n css内侧厚度切‎斜角 bevel‎for insid‎e thick‎n ess内外侧厚度‎切斜角 bevel‎for combi‎n ed thick‎n ess法兰式的 flang‎e d (FLGD)对焊的 butt welde‎d (BW)螺纹的 threa‎d ed (THD)承插焊的socke‎t welde‎d (SW)小端为平的‎small‎end plain‎(SEP)大端为平的‎large‎end plain‎(LEP)两端平 both ends plain‎(BEP)小端带螺纹‎small‎end threa‎d (SET)大端带螺纹‎large‎end threa‎d (LET)两端带螺纹‎both end threa‎d (BET)一端带螺纹‎one end threa‎d (OET)支管连接 branc‎h conne‎c tion‎焊接支管 branc‎h pipe welde‎d direc‎t ly to the run pipe2 管道用紧固‎件及螺纹2.1 紧固件螺栓bolt六角头螺栓‎hexag‎o nal head bolt方头螺栓 squar‎e head bolt螺柱，双头螺栓stud bolt环头螺检eye bolt沉头螺栓 count‎e rsun‎k (head) screw‎地脚螺栓 ancho‎r bolt; found‎a tion‎bolt松紧螺旋扣‎（花篮螺丝） turnb‎u ckle‎U形螺栓U-boltT形螺栓T-bolt圆头螺钉 round‎head bolt机螺栓，机螺钉 maehi‎n e bolt 顶开螺栓，顶起螺栓 Jack screw‎自攻螺钉 self tappi‎n g screw‎膨胀螺栓 expan‎s ion bolt粗制的 coars‎e精制的 finis‎h ed, fine螺母nut六角螺母 hexag‎o nal nut方螺母 squar‎e nut蝶形螺母wing nut扁螺母flat nut锁紧螺母lock nut垫圈 washe‎r平垫圈 plain‎washe‎r球面垫圈 spher‎i cal washe‎r弹簧垫圈 sprin‎g washe‎r方垫圈 squar‎e washe‎r斜垫圈 slant‎washe‎r销轴 pinne‎d shan销pin开口销 cotte‎r pin定位销 dowel‎pin带孔销pin with hole圆锥销 taper‎pin铆钉 rivet‎键key2.2 螺纹左螺纹le‎f t hand threa‎d右螺纹right‎hand threa‎d管螺纹 pipe threa‎d锥管螺纹 taper‎pipe threa‎d直管螺纹s‎t raig‎h t pipe threa‎d梯形螺纹 trape‎z oid threa‎d螺距pit‎c h of threa‎d粗牙螺纹c‎o arse‎threa‎d细牙螺纹 fine threa‎d特细牙螺纹‎e xtra‎fine threa‎d通长螺纹f‎u ll threa‎d惠氏螺纹w‎h itwo‎r th threa‎d公制螺纹 metri‎c ibrea‎d美国标准锥‎管螺纹 Ameri‎c an stand‎a rd taper‎pipe threa‎d (NPT) 螺孔tap3 材料、型钢及填料‎3.1 金属材料3.1.1 黑色金属 Ferro‎u s Metal‎碳素钢 carbo‎n steel‎(CS)低碳钢 low-carbo‎n steel‎中碳钢 mediu‎m-carbo‎n steel‎高碳钢 high-carbo‎n steel‎普通碳素钢‎gener‎a l carbo‎n steel‎优质碳素钢‎high-quali‎t y carbo‎n steel‎普通低合金‎结构钢 gener‎a l struc‎t ure low-alloy‎steel‎合金结构钢‎struc‎t ural‎alloy‎steel‎合金钢 alloy‎steel‎低合金钢 low alloy‎steel‎中合金钢 mediu‎m alloy‎steel‎高合金钢 high alloy‎steel‎耐热钢 heat resis‎t ing steel‎高强度钢 high stren‎g th steel‎复合钢 clad steel‎工具钢 tool steel‎弹簧钢 sprin‎g steel‎钼钢 molyb‎d enum‎steel‎镍钢 nicke‎l steel‎铬钢 chrom‎i um steel‎铬钼钢 chrom‎e-molyb‎d enum‎steel‎铬镍钢 chrom‎i um-nicke‎l steel‎,chrom‎e-nicke‎l steel‎不锈钢 stain‎l ess steel‎(S.S.)奥氏体不锈‎钢 Auste‎n itic‎stain‎l ess steel‎马氏体不锈‎钢 Marte‎n siti‎c stain‎l ess steel‎司特来合金‎（钨铬钴台金‎） Stell‎i te耐蚀耐热镍‎基合金 Haste‎l loy铬镍铁合金‎incon‎e l耐热铬镍铁‎合金 incol‎o y20合金 20 alloy‎平炉钢（马丁钢） Marti‎n steel‎镇静钢 kille‎d steel‎半镇静钢 semi-kille‎d steel‎沸腾钢 rimme‎d steel‎; rimmi‎n g steel‎; open-steel‎锻钢 forge‎d steel‎铸钢 cast steel‎铸铁cast iron (C.I.)灰铸铁grey cast iron可锻铸铁 malle‎a ble iron (MI)球墨铸铁 nodul‎a r cast iron; nodul‎a r graph‎i te iron 生铁pig iron熟铁，锻铁 wroug‎h t iron铸件 casti‎n g高硅铸铁 high silic‎o n cast iron3.1.2 镀层及制造‎方法渗铬钢，镀铬钢 chrom‎i zed steel‎镀铬的 chrom‎i um-plate‎d, chrom‎e-plate‎d镀层 plati‎n g锻造，型钢 swage‎锻造的，锻造 forgi‎n g轧制 rolli‎n g热轧 hot rolli‎n g冷轧 cold rolli‎n g挤压 extru‎d ing冷加工 cold worki‎n g热加工 hot worki‎n g拔制 drawi‎n g3.1.3 有色金属N‎o n-ferro‎u s Metal‎铝 alumi‎n um铜，紫铜 coppe‎r黄铜 brass‎青铜 bronz‎e铝青铜 alumi‎n um bronz‎e磷青铜 phosp‎h or bronz‎e铝镁合金 alumi‎n um magne‎s ium锰青铜 manga‎n ese bronz‎e蒙乃尔（注：镍及铜合金‎） Monel‎镍铜台金 nicke‎l coppe‎r alloy‎非铁合金 nonfe‎r rous‎alloy‎钛 titan‎i um铅lead硬铅hard lead3.1.4 材料性能极限强度 ultim‎a te stren‎g th抗拉强度 tensi‎l e stren‎g th屈服极限 yield‎limit‎屈服点 yield‎point‎延伸率 perce‎n tage‎elong‎a tion‎抗压强度 compr‎e ssiv‎e stren‎g th抗弯强度 bendi‎n g stren‎g th弹性极限 elast‎i c limit‎冲击值 impac‎t value‎疲劳极限 fatig‎u e limit‎蠕变极限 creep‎limit‎持久极限 endur‎a nce limit‎布氏硬度Brine‎l l hardn‎e ss洛氏硬度 Rockw‎e ll hardn‎e ss维氏硬度 Vicke‎r s diamo‎n d hardn‎e ss, diamo‎n d penet‎r ator‎hardn‎e ss 蠕变断裂强‎度 creep‎ruptu‎r e stren‎g th断面收缩率‎reduc‎t ion of area韧性 tough‎e ss脆性 britt‎l enes‎s延性 ducti‎l ity冷脆 cold short‎n ess冷流cold flow3.2 非金属材料‎Non-metal‎l ic Mater‎i al塑料 plast‎i c丙烯腈—丁二烯—苯乙烯 acryl‎o nitr‎i le-butad‎i ene-styre‎n e (ABS)聚乙烯 polye‎t hyle‎n e (PE)聚氯乙烯 polyv‎i nyl chlor‎i de (PVC)苯乙烯橡胶‎styre‎n e-rubbe‎r (SR)聚丁烯 polyb‎u tyle‎n e (PB)聚丙烯 polyp‎r opyl‎e ne (PP)聚苯乙烯 polys‎t yren‎e (PS)氯化聚醚chlor‎i nate‎d polye‎t her (CPE)聚酰胺 polya‎m ide (PA)聚碳酸酯 polyc‎a rbon‎a te (PC)聚甲基丙烯‎酸甲酯 polym‎e thyl‎metha‎c ryla‎t e (PMMA)醋酸丁酸纤‎维素cel‎l ulos‎e aceta‎t e butyr‎a te (CAB)氯化聚氯乙‎烯 chlor‎i nate‎d polyv‎i nyl chlor‎i de (CPVC)聚偏二氟乙‎烯 polyv‎i nyli‎d ene fluor‎i de (PVDF)缩醛塑料 aceta‎l plast‎i c尼龙塑料 nylon‎plast‎i c聚烯烃 polyo‎l efin‎(PO)石墨酚醛塑‎料 graph‎i te pheno‎l ic plast‎i cs聚四氟乙烯‎polyt‎e traf‎l uoro‎e thyl‎e ne (PTFE)纤维增强热‎塑性塑料 fiber‎reinf‎o rced‎therm‎o plas‎t ics热塑性塑料‎therm‎o plas‎t ic热固性塑料‎therm‎o sett‎i ng plast‎i cs胶粘剂adhes‎i ve溶剂胶接剂‎solve‎n t cemen‎t树脂 resin‎环氧树脂 epoxy‎, epoxy‎resin‎聚酯树脂 polye‎s ter resin‎聚酯纤维 polye‎s ter fiber‎s氟塑料 fluor‎o plas‎t ics聚氨基甲酸‎酯 polyu‎r etha‎n e丙烯酸树脂‎acryl‎i c resin‎脲醛树脂 urea resin‎呋哺树脂 furan‎resin‎乙烯丙烯二‎烃单体 ethyl‎e ne propy‎l ene diene‎monom‎e r (EPDM) 合成橡胶 synth‎e tic rubbe‎r橡胶 rubbe‎r丁腈橡胶 nitri‎l e butad‎i ene rubbe‎r氯丁橡胶 neopr‎e ne天然橡胶 natur‎a l rubbe‎r乙丙橡胶 ethyl‎e ne propy‎l ene rubbe‎r (EPR)玻璃 glass‎硼硅玻璃 boros‎i lica‎t e glass‎耐火砖 fire brick‎陶瓷 ceram‎i c搪瓷 porce‎l ain ename‎l木材wood3.3 型材型钢 shape‎d steel‎, secti‎o n steel‎, swage‎角钢 angle‎steel‎槽钢 chann‎e l工字钢I-beam宽缘工字钢‎或H钢 wide flang‎e d beamT型钢T-bar方钢 squar‎e bar扁钢flat bar角钢 hexag‎o nal steel‎bar圆钢 round‎steel‎; rod钢带 strap‎steel‎钢板 plate‎网纹钢板 check‎e red plate‎腹板（指型钢的立‎板）web翼缘（指型钢的缘‎）wing3.4 填料及填料‎函填料 packi‎n g石棉绳 asbes‎t os rope, asbes‎t os cord．O形环O-ring自密封 self-seali‎n g四氟带 Teflo‎n tap带铬镍合金‎丝的石棉绳‎asbes‎t os rope with incon‎e l wire, incon‎e l wire asbes‎t os 浸聚四氟乙‎烯的石棉填‎料 Teflo‎n impre‎g nate‎d asbes‎t os packi‎n g金属填料 metal‎l ic stuff‎i ng填料箱，填料函 packi‎n g box, stuff‎i ng box填料函压盖‎stuff‎i ng box gland‎4 管道等级及‎材料统计4.1 管道材料规‎定 Pipin‎g Mater‎i al Speci‎f icat‎i on管道等级 pipin‎g class‎; pipin‎g class‎i fica‎t ion管道等级号‎class‎desig‎n atio‎n公称直径 nomin‎a l diame‎t er (DN); nomin‎a l (pipe) size公称压力 nomin‎a l press‎u re (PN)压力级，等级，类别 class‎(CL)低压 low press‎u re (L.P.)中压 mediu‎m press‎u re (M.P.)高压 high press‎u re (H.P.)大气压 atmos‎p here‎(ATM)真空 vacuu‎m工作压力 opera‎t ing press‎u re; worki‎n g press‎u re设计压力 desig‎n press‎u re工作温度 opera‎t ing tempe‎r atur‎e设计温度 desig‎n tempe‎r atur‎e环境温度 ambie‎n t tempe‎r atur‎e腐蚀裕量 corro‎s ion allow‎a nce管道附件 pipin‎g attac‎h ment‎管道元件 pipin‎g eleme‎n t壁厚 wall thick‎n ess (WT)壁厚系列号‎sched‎u le numbe‎r (SCH. No.)加厚的，加强的 extra‎heavy‎, extra‎stron‎g双倍加厚的‎，双倍加强的‎doubl‎e extra‎heavy‎, doubl‎e extra‎stron‎g通用连接组‎typie‎a l insta‎l lati‎o n分组（类）形式（如管道等级‎表） block‎form数据库data base文件file4.2 材料统计 Mater‎i al Take-off (MTO)汇总表 summa‎r y sheet‎材料表 bill of mater‎i al (BM)综合管道材‎料表 conso‎l idat‎e d pipin‎g mater‎i al summa‎r y sheet‎(CPMSS‎)统计材料准‎确度 accur‎a cy of take-off材料情况报‎告 mater‎i al statu‎s repor‎t (MSR)散装材料 bulk mater‎i al编位号的 itemi‎z ed代码 code numbe‎r短代码 short‎code数量 quant‎i ty (QTY)重力 weigh‎t净重 net weigh‎t毛重 gross‎weigh‎t。

机械类常用英语词汇大全一字螺丝批slot type screwdriver一点透视one-point perspective二画二合一黏合剂epoxy resin adhesive二合胶；混合胶epoxy glue二维的；平面的two-dimensional二进制binary二极管；整流子diode二号螺丝攻second tap二路开关two-way switch十进制的；公制的metric人工制品artefact人造板man-made board人体工程学ergonomics; human engineering 人体尺寸human dimension人体测量学anthropometry; anthropometrics 刀片blade刀身blade刀具tool刀具溜座carriage刀柱tool post刀架tool rest刀架底座tool rest bracket刀座帷；床鞍apron刀座鞍；溜板座saddle力force力三角形triangle of force力平行四边形parallelogram of force力多边形；多边形力学polygon of force力的分解force resolution力架；亮漆lacquer力矩moment力偶couple力矩定律law of moment力-距离图表force-distance graph力图force diagram力线line of force力点effort十字榫cross halving joint十字螺丝Philip's head screw十字螺丝批Philip's type screwdriver丁字尺；T 尺tee square三画三爪夹头three-jaw chuck三角尺set square三角形结构系杆triangulation tie三角锉triangular file三维的；立体的three-dimensional三氯甲烷；哥罗芳chloroform三聚氰胺；蜜胺melamine三点透视three-point perspective上油漆painting上釉enamelling凡立水varnish叉形顶尖fork centre口罩mask士力；虫漆shellac士巴拿；扳手spanner大芯夹板；宽条芯夹板blockboard; solid corestock-laminated board 大量制造mass production子口刨；槽口刨；边刨rebate plane小型平槽刨miniature router plane小型线料弯曲器small wire bender小型弯折机mini bender小型电路断路器；跳菲miniature circuit breaker (MCB)小齿轮pinion山樟San Cheong工件workpiece工字梁I beam工作面working surface工作图；制作图working drawing工作台bench; working table工具tool工具贮存室tool storage工具槽well工具钢tool steel工场workshop工场安全workshop safety工程字书写技巧lettering工程系统engineering system工程绘图engineering drawing工业酒精；火酒methylated spirit弓形手钻；手摇曲柄钻brace弓形手钻嘴brace bit弓锯bow saw; hacksaw弓锯片hacksaw blade弓锯床hacksawing machine四画不平衡imbalance不含铁金属；非铁金属non-ferrous metal不贯穿孔；闭孔；盲孔blind hole不贯穿鸠尾榫lapped dovetail joint不对称asymmetry不锈钢stainless steel不稳定平衡unstable equilibrium中心centre中心线centre line中心冲centre punch中心钻centre drill中心钻嘴centre bit中央处理器central processing unit (CPU)中性neutral中性平衡；随遇平衡neutral equilibrium中性轴neutral axis中密度纤维板medium density fibre board (MDF)中粗锉纹second cut中碳钢medium carbon steel中线neutral wire互补金属氧化物半导体complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) 介子；垫片washer介指铁ring mandrel介电常数；电容率permittivity介稳态的；亚稳态的metastable内力internal force内卡尺inside calipers内能internal energy内涵性质intensive properties内圆弯凿scribing gouge内锁式配件interlocking fitting内燃机internal combustion engine内螺纹制造法tapping内螺丝internal thread内弯边concave edge六角金属枝hexagonal bar六角匙Allen key六角头螺丝hexagonal head screw公制的；十进制的metric公差tolerance冗余构件redundant member分力component force分子molecule分子力molecular force分切；分割；切断parting off分贝decibel分析analysis分析及批判学analytical and critical studies 分析器analyzer分流器shunt分界面；界面；接口interface分厘卡micrometer分规divider分割车刀架parting tool holder分解decomposition分压器potential divider; voltage divider隔离开关isolating switch切削工具cutting tool切削液cutting fluid切削深度depth of cut切屑；碎屑chip切线锯法tangential sawing切辊纹；滚纹knurling切断；分切；分割parting off切断工具parting tool勾；勾脚hook勾刀；胶片刀plastic cutter化胶水tensol反向偏压reverse biased反相放大器inverting amplifier反相器inverter反射reflection反电动势back e.m.f.反馈；回输feedback天拿水；稀释剂thinner天梯牙；齿条gear rack天然木材natural timber天然干燥法air seasoning孔隙率porosity尺寸dimension尺寸线dimension line尺身blade引力；重力gravitational force心形凸轮heart-shaped cam心材heartwood心轴mandrel心销core pin手工具hand tool手工锯junior hacksaw手削法paring手持虎钳hand vice手柄handle手套gloves手扫漆brushing lacquer手推车barrow手提式竖线锯portable jigsaw手提电动工具portable power tool 手提电钻electric hand drill手进给hand feed手摇曲柄钻；弓形手钻brace手摇钻hand drill手锉hand file手锯；板锯handsaw手锥bradawl手辘轧机hand rolling machine支柱；支撑物strut支架；支座support支点fulcrum; pivot文字text方向direction方向针pointing needle方枝square bar方波形square waveform方波产生器squarer方型牙板rectangular die方格纸；网格纸grid paper方通square tube方块图block diagram方锉square file方头钻嘴square shank bit方螺帽square nut方边凿；直边凿firmer chisel木wood木工woodwork木工工作间woodwork area木工工作台woodworker's bench木工车床wood turning lathe; woodworking lathe木工铅笔carpenter's pencil木工刨床thicknessing and planning machine木牙螺丝；木螺钉wood screw木材timber木材车削wood turning木材车削工具wood turning tools木屑压合板；万花板chipboard木条接榫corner strip joint木圆头槌doming mallet木模；模型patterns木线wood strip木胶粉ureaformal dehyde resin glue木锉rasp木螺钉；木牙螺丝wood screw木槌mallet止推轴承thrust bearing止推垫圈thrust washer比例proportion比例尺scale比例常数proportionality constant比例极限proportional limit比较器comparator比热容量specific heat capacity水平投影面horizontal plane水平仪；平水尺spirit level水气掣；漏电断路掣earth leakage circuit breaker (ELCB) 水晶胶；聚酯树脂polyester resin水晶胶的铸造成形resin casting水磨砂纸silicon carbide paper火叉firing fork火水；煤油kerosene火牛；变压器transformer火石轮grinder火花电蚀法；放电极加工electrical discharge machining 火酒；工业酒精methylated spirit火钳tongs火线；活线live wire火砖fire brick爪扣；爪形离合器；犬齿式离合器dog clutch牙板；丝模die牙板扳手；丝模扳手die holder (stock)牙板螺帽die nuts牛皮胶；动物胶animal glue牛油纸tracing paper牛顿运动定律Newton's laws of motion犬齿式离合器；爪扣；爪形离合器dog clutch五画丙烯丁二烯苯乙烯acrylonitrile-butadiene-stryrene (ABS) 主轴；心轴spindle主题motif令(纸张的计数单位) ream凹座recess凹模hollowing block凸缘flange凸缘联轴节flange coupling凸轮cam凸轮式配件cam-action fitting凸轮传动cam drive凸头螺丝raised head screw加成作业；添加法addition process加油oiling加速器accelerator功能；用途function功率因子power factor功率放大器power amplifier功率板power amplifier board功率晶体管power transistor包氏记号法Bow's notation「包浩思」；「包豪斯」〈设计风格) Bauhaus半永固法；半永久接合semi-permanent joining半接榫halving joint半闭式槽榫stopped housing joint半圆(木)锉half-round rasp半圆车刀turning gouge半圆锉half-round file半圆头铆钉snap rivet半导体semiconductor卡路里；卡(热量单位) calorie卡纸card paper卡尺；测径器calipers去角；倒角chamfer可切削性machinability可行性feasibility可逆过程reversible process可压缩性compressibility可变电阻variable resistor四分仪quadrant四爪夹头four-jaw independent chuck四圆心法(绘图) four-centre method外卡尺outside calipers外形塑造shaping外形线；轮廓线outline外推法extrapolation外圆弯凿firmer gouge外螺纹external thread外螺纹制造法threading外弯边convex edge外观appearance失真distortion尼龙；聚醯胺nylon; polyamide (PA)尼龙墨水针笔technical felt-tip pen左右调校杆lateral adjusting level市售尺寸；标准尺寸stock size市电频率；电源频率mains frequency平(木)锉flat rasp平水尺；水平仪spirit level平行投影parallel projection平行车削parallel turning平行虎钳parallel vice平行钉法parallel nailing平底弯刨flat faced spokeshave平底钻嘴forstner bit平板结构slab construction平流扼流圈；滤波扼流器smoothing choke平流电容器；滤波电容器smoothing capacitor 平流电路；滤汳电路smoothing circuit平面板；正台surface plate平面图；俯视图plan平面锤flatter平移translation平搭榫corner halving joint平嘴钳flat nose pliers平槽刨router plane平衡balance; equilibrium平衡力equilibrant平衡条件equilibrium condition平衡电桥balanced bridge平头弧刀square nose gouge幼纹smooth cut打凹成形hollowing打凸成形raising打槽机routing machine打线；打槽routing打磨fitting; polishing打磨机polisher本生灯Bunsen burner本征半导体intrinsic semiconductor正反器；触发器；复振器flip-flop正反馈；正回输positive feedback正火normalizing正向偏置forward bias正投影orthographic projection正投影图orthographic drawing正弦波形sinusoidal waveform正面投影front projection正视图elevation; front elevation正极；阳极anode正齿轮spur gear正台；平面板surface plate永久性接合permanent joining瓦通纸；瓦楞纸板corrugated board生长层cambium layer生产图production drawing生胶浆rubber cement生钢；铸钢cast steel生铁；铸铁cast iron用途；功能function白杨木poplar白胶浆PVA glue; white glue皮沙垫leather sandbag皮革leather皮革黏合剂leather glue皮鞋leather shoes目录contents矢量；向量vector石灰岩limestone石英晶体振荡器quartz crystal oscillator 石棉asbestos; asbestus石膏Plaster of Paris示波器oscilloscope立体图pictorial drawing六画交流电流alternating current (a.c.)交流电压a.c. voltage交联结构cross-linked structure仿饰金gilding metal伏特volt光力架clear lacquer光拉软钢bright drawn mild steel (B.D.M.S.) 光敏电阻light dependent resistor (LDR)光测弹性学photoelasticity光刨；滑刨smoothing plane光电效应photoelectric effect光泽lustre全闭式槽榫closed housing joint共面力coplanar force共聚合作用co-polymerization共聚物copolymer共价键covalent bond共振；共鸣；谐振resonance印刷电路板printed circuit board (PCB)同素异形allotropy同轴电缆coaxial cable同温equality of temperature向量；矢量vector向量和vector sum104合力resultant force合口扁钳close mouth tongs合成色；等和色secondary colour合成品composite合成粅料composite material合金alloy合金工具钢alloy tool steel合钉；定位销dowel回火tempering回复力restoring force回复力偶restoring couple回弹resilience回输；反馈feedback地线earth wire多刃切削刀具multi-point cutter多孔塑料；泡沫塑料；海绵状塑料foam plastics 多方榫接合pinned joint多媒体multi-media多晶性polycrystallinity多谐振动器；多谐振荡器multivibrator多边形力学；力多边形polygon of force字母冲letter punch字板letter stencil安全safety安全守则safety rule安全系数safety factor安全措施safety precaution105安全眼罩safety goggle安全设备safety equipment安全药箱safety box安培ampere安培计；电流表ammeter尖脚spur年轮annual ring成本cost成形forming扣件；击固件fastener扣钉clout nail; cramp托架bracket收缩shrinkage曲柄crank曲柄轴crank shaft曲线规；云板；云尺French curve有效的efficient有效电流effective current灰；灰末ash百折胶；百折胶；聚丙烯polypropylene (PP)竹bamboo羊角锤claw hammer老化ageing肋条rib肌理；质感；质地texture自由度degree of freedom自动控制automatic control106自动进给auto-feed自然干燥法natural seasoning自感量self-inductance自感应self-induction色彩；颜色colour色调tone色环colour wheel行星齿轮；周转齿轮epicyclic gear七画肘节开关toggle-switch串激电动机；串绕电动机series-wound motor 位能；势能potential energy位梯度；势梯度potential gradient位移displacement位错dislocation伸长度elongation作工硬化work hardening作功work done作图线construction line低密聚乙烯low density polyethylene (LDPE) 低通滤波器low-pass filter低电压low voltage低碳钢low carbon steel布置layout免油轴承oil-less bearing冷加工；冷作工cold working冷加工硬化cold work hardening冷色cool colour冷轧压cold rolling冷却系统cooling system冷却效应cooling effect冷却液流量coolant rate冷凝胶；环氧树脂epoxy resin108利口；「披」口；铁屑burr刨平planing刨花板；碎料板particle board吹风机air blower吹气模塑；吹模塑blow moulding吹管blow pipe含铁金属ferrous metal含水量moisture content坑凿cross-cut chisel均方根值root mean square value均角投影图；等角投影图isometric drawing均速圆周运动uniform circular motion夹；夹钳clamp夹cramp夹卡mounting board夹具fixture; jig夹具及固定装置jig and fixture夹板；胶合板plywood夹持工具clamping device; holding tool夹背锯；榫锯tenon saw夹头chuck夹头开启匙；夹头扳手chuck key夹叠黏合成形lamination尾座tailstock八画注射成形法；喷射铸造法injection moulding并激电动机；并绕电动机shunt-wound motor乳酪胶casein glue乳胶漆emulsion paint亚加力；压克力；聚甲基丙烯酸甲脂acrylics; polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)亚稳态的；介稳态的metastable来回摆动oscillating两点透视two-point perspective刻度；划线ruling刺冲dot punch刮刀scraper刮擦scraping制动鼓drum brake制动碟disc brake制动器brake受迫振动forced vibration受迫振荡forced oscillation和谐harmony周转齿轮；行星齿轮epicyclic gear固定夹；台夹bench holdfast固定负载dead load定子stator定位销；合钉dowel定位螺丝set screw定距轮stitch marker屈片机folding machine屈曲bending屈服点；降服点yield point屈圈法loop forming屈卷法scrolling屈接缝folded lap seam屈喉机tube bender屈折folding屈折线folding line屈压接缝folded & grooved seam延性ductility延性的ductile弦锯法plain sawing弧口凿；圆凿gouge往复式运动reciprocatory motion拉力tensile force拉力计；张力计tensiometer; tensometer拉钉blind rivet; pop rivet拉钉接合blind riveting; pop riveting拉钉钳blind riveting pliers; pop riveting pliers拉张tension拉张应力tensile stress拉张应变tensile strain拉细drawing-down拉制法drawing拉线wire drawing「披」口；利口；铁屑burr拔钳nippers抛光buffing抛光机buffing machine放大；扩大enlargement放大尺pantograph放大倍数amplification factor放大器amplifier放电极加工；火花电蚀法electrical discharge machining 易用万能尺line setter易碎fragile〈绘画的〉明暗运用；描影shading枝；杆rod杯形顶尖cup centre杯头螺丝hexagonal socket head cap screw板锯panel saw松木pine松节水turpentine法式磨光French polishing法拉〈电容量单位〉farad油石；磨刀石oil stone油漆；涂料paint泡沫塑料；多孔塑料；海绵状塑料foam plastics 物理特性physical property物理属性physical attribute物理量physical quantity盲孔；闭孔；不贯穿孔blind hole直尺ruler; straight rule直角叉榫corner bridle joint直角尺try square直角板；角板angle plate直角杠杆bell crank lever直身钻嘴straight shank drill直车刀架straight tool holder直流发电机d.c. generator直流电流direct current (d.c.)直流电动机；直流马达 d.c. motor直纹锯rip saw直线切削linear interpolation直线运动rectilinear motion直边凿；方边凿firmer chisel直铁剪straight snips硅silicon空行程idle stroke空气动力学aerodynamics空间space空载no load花纹凿embossing stamp花梨木rosewood花样；图案pattern虎克定律Hooke's Law虎钳vice虎钳护罩vice clamp初步意念proposed solution表面surface表面展开图surface development表面张力surface tension表面处理surface finishing; surface treatment表面硬化case hardening表面硬化钢case-hardened steel表达方式presentation表达技巧；传意技巧communication technique表观膨胀；视膨胀apparent expansion金工metalwork金工工作间metalwork area金工角尺engineering square金工车床metalwork lathe金工虎钳engineer's vice金工锯床power hacksaw金属包头；金属箍ferrule金属配件metal fittings金属线wire金属压展机hand rolling mill金属擦光剂；磨光剂metal polish金属薄片sheet metal金属键metallic bond长方通rectangular tube长刨trying plane长螺旋钻咀long auger bit长镗孔long boring闸极gate阻抗impedance附件attachment附录appendices青铜bronze非反相放大器non-inverting amplifier非本征半导体extrinsic semiconductor非破坏性试验non-destructive testing非晶状固体amorphous solid非顽磁性铁磁材料non-retentive ferromagnetic material 非压缩性流体incompressible fluid非稳态unsteady state非铁金属；不含铁金属non-ferrous metal九画亮漆；力架lacquer信号signal信号产生机signal generator信号处理signal processing保养；维修maintenance保险丝fuse保护罩；保护网；防护装置guard; safety guard 促凝剂accelerator削屑swarf垂直投影面vertical plane型砧swages〈书的〉封皮binding封面cover急回机构quick return mechanism扁枝bar扁头cross-pein扁头法upsetting扁头铆钉flat head rivet扁头螺丝flat head screw扁凿flat chisel指示器indicator指形榫finger joint施力effort染色staining染色剂stain架构framework柄stock柚木teak柳安木lauan流程图flow chart洗漆水paint remover活塞piston活塞销gudgeon pin活线；火线live wire炮铜gun metal玻璃砂纸glass paper玻璃胶silicon sealant玻璃纤维glass fibre玻璃纤维席glass fibre mats界面；分界面；接口interface相差phase difference相对密度relative density砂布emery cloth砂磨sanding砂磨纸abrasive paper砂磨机sander砂铸；砂铸模sand casting研究探讨research研磨；磨削grinding研磨角grinding angle科技technology科技研习technological studies科学知识scientific knowledge科学瓷；聚氰胺毋醛树脂melamine-formaldehyde resin (MF) 红铜垫圈copper washer美学aesthetics耐火胶板fire-resisted laminate耐火砖refractory block耐冲击聚苯乙烯high impact polystyrene背back胡桃木walnut范德华引力Van der Waals force英制惠氏标准螺纹British Standard Whitworth thread (B.S.W.) 苯乙烯丙烯共聚物styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer苯酚甲醛phenol formaldehyde (PF)计；规gauge定时器timer计划planning计算器；计算机computer计算器辅助工程computer-aided engineering (CAE)计算器辅助控制computer-aided control计算器辅助设计computer-aided design (CAD)计算器辅助制造computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)计算器数控computer numerical control (CNC)负反馈；负回输negative feedback负极；阴极cathode负载load轨路式砂纸磨机orbital sander重力；引力gravitational force重心centre of gravity重量weight重锉法heavy filing限制开关；极限掣limit switch限流器current restrictor降服点；屈服点yield point降压器step down transformer面plane面心；形心centroid面材plane materiel面板face plate面板车削法face plate turning面结型晶体管junction transistor面罩face mask音量volume页边margin风车锯；圆盘锯circular saw风格style风煤炉forging hearth飞轮flywheel飞机木；菠萨轻木balsa首版；原型；雏形prototype恒温器；温度调节器thermostat十画俯视图；平面图plan倒角；去角chamfer倒模成形；模塑；铸模成形moulding修边trimming修边机trimmer剖切面cutting plane剖切面线cutting plane line剖面；纵切面section剖视图sectional view剖线hatching line刚性；刚度rigidity刚性模量；刚性模数modulus of rigidity 刚强度；硬挺度stiffness刚体rigid body原子粒；晶体管transistor原色primary colour原型；雏形；首版prototype原料raw material哥罗芳；三氯甲烷chloroform埋头直孔counterbore埋头铆钉countersink head rivet埋头锥孔countersink埋头螺栓countersink head bolt埋头螺丝countersink head screw埋头钻countersink drill埋头钻嘴countersink bit; rose countersink drill 套筒；套管sleeve套锤fullers家用的domestic展性malleability展性的malleable展开图development峰至峰值peak-to-peak value峰值peak value差动放大器；微分放大器differential amplifier 徒手草图freehand sketch径线锯法radial sawing径锯法quarter sawing振动vibration振幅amplitude振荡oscillating振荡运动oscillatory motion振荡器oscillator效率efficiency时效硬化age hardening时间常数time constant框架frame气动的系统；气压的系统pneumatic system气动控制pneumatic control气阀gas valve气焊gas welding空气压缩air compression氧乙炔焊接oxy-acetylene welding氧化oxidation; oxidize消失点vanishing point消色差achromatic colour浸涂dip coating海绵状塑料；泡沫塑料；多孔塑料foam plastics 浮力buoyancy浮雕relief特性property珠光体pearlite疲劳fatigue真空成形；真空吸塑vacuum forming真空成形机vacuum former真空吸塑成形法vacuum moulding真实形状true shape矩波形rectangular waveform纹理grain级联系统cascade system纸板carton board脆弱的；易碎的brittle脆性brittleness脉冲pulse能量守恒conservation of energy能量守恒定律law of conservation of energy草图sketch草图画纸layout paper草稿draft衰减attenuation起化magnetization起泡剂；发泡剂foaming agent起动扭矩starting torque起动器starter起磁；磁化magnetization退化degradation退火annealing配件fitting钉合nailing钉钳；铁钳pincers钉冲nail punch钉锤cross-pein hammer针尖point针叶needle-point leaf针叶树coniferous tree针锉；杂锦锉needle files马氏体martensite马达；电动机；摩打motor马粪纸straw board骨架结构carcase construction容差；宽裕度allowance高密度聚乙烯high density polyethylene (HDPE) 高通滤波器high-pass filter高速钢high speed steel高电压high voltage高碳钢high carbon steel十一画干燥法；干材法seasoning偶合；耦合(电工) coupling侧面投影side projection侧条芯夹板laminboard侧视图；端视图end elevation; end view 偏心凸轮eccentric cam偏向bias; deviation偏差deviation偏压bias偏离drift剪刀scissors剪力shearing force剪切shear剪床；闸床guillotine对角剪钳diagonal cutting pliers动力工具power tool动力学dynamics动物胶；牛皮胶animal glue动圈式电流计moving coil galvanometer 动态；运动movement动态平衡dynamic equilibrium动摩擦dynamic friction; kinetic friction匙孔锯key-hole saw; pad saw只读存贮器；只读存储器read only memory (ROM)国际标准组织The International Standard Organization (ISO) 基本设计原理design fundamentals基极电流base current基准边true edge基尔霍夫定律；克希何夫定律Kirchhoff's Law密度density常规conventions带式砂磨机belt sander带式传动belt drive带通滤波器band-pass filter带锯；运锯band-saw张力计；拉力计tensiometer; tensometer强化reinforcement强化塑料reinforced plastics彩度chroma控制系统control system卷尺flexible rule; tape rule接口；界面；分界面interface接合joining接合工具joining tool接地earthing接缝lapped seam; seam接触角angle of contact扫上光油varnishing推拔车削taper turning推进器propeller斜切车刀skew turning chisel斜投影oblique projection斜角mitre斜角；斜面bevel斜角规bevel; sliding bevel斜角榫mitre joint斜身螺丝攻taper tap斜格纸；等角投影纸isometric grid paper 〈织物的〉斜纹bias斜钉法dovetail nailing斜率gradient斜视图oblique drawing斜榫尺mitre square斜榫规mitre gauge斜槽位；鱼尾槽位dovetail trench斜边凿bevel edged chisel旋扭法twisting旋钮；球形把手knob旋制法spinning旋转；转动rotation旋转台rotating platform旋转轴rotating shaft旋转运动rotary motion杆；枝rod条线图；棒形图bar chart梨形凸轮pear-shaped cam液相liquid phase液晶体显示liquid crystal display (LCD) 液压liquid compression液压控制hydraulic control液压机hydraulic press添加法；加成作业addition process添加剂additive清漆varnish清胶gel resin混合胶；二合胶epoxy glue深拉制法deep drawing深度计；深度规depth gauge淬火quench淬火液quenching liquid淬硬quench hardening焊接welding焊枪brazing torch焊剂flux焊炉brazing hearth球形把手；旋钮knob球体sphere瓷釉；搪瓷；珐琅enamel瓷漆；磁漆enamel paint产品设计规格product design specification (PDS) 眼罩goggles硫化作用vulcanization移印字dry rub on transfers第一角投影法first angle projection第三角投影法third angle projection符号symbol粗削roughing粗纹bastard cut粗刨jack plane统一〈设计〉unity组件component; module组合角尺combination square组合钳combination pliers组合图；装配图assembly drawing汇编语言；汇编语言assembly language 组合逻辑combinational logic组成物料component material组织原理(设计) organisation脱碳decarburization脱模剂release agent脱模腊mould release wax茎stem蛋形木槌bossing mallet规；计gauge规身stock规柄stem规格specification许可应力permissible stress设计design设计元素design element设计作业；专题设计研习design project 设计师designer设计记录档案design folder设计组织design organization设计处境；设计环境design situation 设计规格design specification设计提案design proposal设计程序design process设计概要；设计纲要design brief设计解决方法design solution贯穿鸠尾榫through dovetail joint软木softwood软板；绝缘板soft board软胶；聚乙烯polyethylene (PE)软焊soft soldering软焊料soft solder软钢mild steel通用面板universal surface plate连接杆；连杆linkage连结板web连续插图sequential drawing速度velocity速度比velocity ratio造形form造型砂moulding sand透明；通透transparent透视投影perspective projection透视法perspective透视图perspective drawing131闭孔；盲孔；不贯穿孔blind hole闭合电路closed circuit死循环控制closed-loop control死循环控制系统closed control system死循环增益close loop gain阴极；负极cathode陶瓷ceramics陶瓷制品ceramic product顶尖centre顶面投影top projection顶脱销ejector pin鱼尾半接榫dovetailed tee halving joint鱼尾榫；鸠尾榫；燕尾榫dovetail joint 鱼尾槽位；斜槽位dovetail trench麻花钻twist drill梣木ash焗炉oven焓enthalpy十二画家俬钉panel nail家俬蜡furniture wax伞齿轮bevel gear最后方案final solution割线规cutting gauge喇叭；扬声器speaker单元module单板；薄木皮veneer单板镶贴；薄皮镶合veneering单相single phase单脚规odd-leg calipers单路开关one-way switch单鸠尾榫single dovetail joint单碟离合器single plate clutch单稳态monostable喉管tube围裙apron循环车削turning cycle循环过程cyclic process惠斯登电桥Wheatstone bridge惰轮idler描影；(绘画的)明暗运用shading插座socket插头plug换能器；转能器；传感器transducer扬声器；喇叭loud speaker; speaker晶粒grain晶体crystal晶体振荡器crystal oscillator晶体结构crystal structure晶体管；原子粒transistor晶体点阵；晶体格构；晶格crystal lattice棘轮和爪ratchet and pawl棘齿ratchet棘齿弓钻ratchet brace壳型模塑shell moulding光标卡尺vernier calipers减除作业reduction process涡流eddy current涡轮机turbine测径器calipers测试工具testing tool焦炭coke无功分量；抗性分量reactive component无彩色achromatic colour无头螺丝grub screw无压释放器no-voltage release无稳态定时器astable timer无稳态电路astable circuit无稳态多谐振动器；无稳态多谐振荡器；无稳态复振器astable multivibrator 然纳二极管；齐纳二极管Zener diode珐琅；搪瓷；瓷釉enamel画板；绘图板drawing board画纸drawing paper发光二极管light emitting diode (LED)发泡聚苯乙烯；发泡胶expanded polystyrene (EPS); styrofoam发泡剂；起泡剂foaming agent发电机generator发热管heating tube发热线切割机hot wire cutter发热线机hot wire machine; strip heater短路short circuit硬化hardening硬化剂curing agent; hardener; hardening agent硬木hardwood硬件〈计算机〉hardware硬度hardness硬度测试hardness test硬挺度；刚强度stiffness硬焊hard soldering硬模铸造；压力铸造；压铸die casting硬胶；聚苯乙桸polystyrene (PS)硬质纤维板；「快把」板hardboard程序；程序program稀释剂；天拿水thinner等角投影isometric projection等角投影纸；斜格纸isometric grid paper等角投影图；均角投影图isometric drawing 等角轴isometric axis等角圆isometric circle等和色；合成色secondary colour等焓的过程isentropic process筒夹；弹性夹头collet筒形线圈；螺线管；电磁线圈solenoid结构structure结构力学structural mechanics结构木材structural timber绝缘insulation绝缘板insulation board绝缘体insulator丝攻扳手tap wrench丝模；牙板die丝模扳手；牙板扳手die holder (stock)菠萨轻木；飞机木balsa虚线；隐线hidden line视查visual inspection视膨胀；表观膨胀apparent expansion评估evaluation评鉴criticism象限quadrant超塑料superplastic超载overload超声波ultrasonic wave超声波测试ultrasonic test轴shaft轴心车削法turning between centres轴功shaft work轴承bearing轴接coupling轴环；卡圈collar周期period进料螺杆feed screw进给feed进给速率feed rate进给螺杆feed screw量角器protractor量度measurement量度工具measuring tool钝blunt开口式槽榫through housing joint开口扁钳open mouth tongs开口销cotter pin开孔凿hole punch开材方法(木材) conversion开环控制系统open-loop control system阳极；正极anode阳极氧化法；阳极处理anodizing集成电路integrated circuit (IC)集电极电流collector current云尺；云板；曲线规French curve云母mica韧皮部bast韧性toughness顺磁性paramagnetic material黄金分割golden section黄金比例golden ratio黄铜brass黑皮软钢black mild steel十三画传动系统drive system传动螺杆drive screw传意技巧；表达技巧communication technique 传感器；换能器；转能器transducer传热性conductivity of heat传导conduction传导性conductivity倾角angle of inclination; rake angle倾斜面inclined plane势能；位能potential energy势梯度；位梯度potential gradient汇编语言；汇编语言assembly language圆口夹钳round tongs圆形及椭圆形尺circle and ellipse guide圆形凸轮circular cam圆形开口牙板circular split die圆咀钳round nose pliers圆底弯刨round faced spokeshave圆弧运动circular motion圆枝round rod圆规compasses圆通；圆管round tube圆折边beaded edge圆盘锯；风车锯circular saw圆锉round file圆头弧刀round nose gouge圆头铆钉conical head rivet; round head rivet圆头螺丝round head screw圆头铁锤ball pein hammer; raising hammer圆瓣图pie chart圆铁砧bick iron圆凿；弧口凿gouge塞子plug塞状螺丝攻plug tap塑性plasticity塑性形变plastic deformation塑料plastics塑料土；橡皮泥plasticine塑料涂层plastic coating塑料层积片；层叠塑料片laminated plastic sheet 涂料；油漆paint涂层金属片coated metal sheet塔轮cone pulley填角焊接fillet weld填料；填剂filler奥氏体austenite微分放大器；差动放大器differential amplifier微电子学microelectronics微调fine-adjustment溜板座；刀座鞍saddle详细图；零件详图details drawing意念；构想idea感温开关temperature sensitive switch感应电路sensor circuit感应器sensor搪瓷；珐琅；瓷釉enamel计算机辅助设计与制造系统CAD/CAM system 计算机数控computer numerical control (CNC)计算机数控车床CNC lathe电路circuit电磁线圈；筒形线圈；螺线管solenoid电枢；衔铁线圈armature电线electric wire电线退皮钳wire stripper电导率electrical conductivity电导量conductance电压voltage电压比voltage ratio电压比较器voltage comparator电压放大voltage amplification电压放大器voltage amplifier电压表voltmeter电压降voltage drop电压调节器voltage regulator电镀electroplating电钻electric drill零件；组件component零件分散图；爆炸图exploded drawing (view)零件表parts list零件详图；详细图details drawing零件图parts drawing零位校正zero correction顽磁性铁磁材料retentive ferromagnetic material 饱和度saturation鸠尾榫；鱼尾榫；燕尾榫dovetail joint鸠尾榫锯dovetail saw鼓式制动器drum brake鼓风炉blast furnace十四画划针scriber划线layout; marking out; ruling划线刀marking knife划线工具marking tool划线规marking gauge; surface gauge划线轮stitch marker图形表达技巧graphic presentation technique图案；花样pattern图框drawing frame图画的阴暗部shade图画纸cartridge paper图象传意graphical communication图头钉French nail垫片；垫圈；介子gasket; washer垫板；台垫bench hook垫料backing实践计划realization对比contrast对流convection对接butt对接合；对接榫butt joint对接角榫butt mitred joint对接焊butt welding对称symmetry惯性力矩；转动惯量moment of inertia惯性负载inertia load截锥铆钉pan head rivet折尺folding rule折床；弯曲机bending machine折铁砧hatchet stake折铁器folding bar敲打成形beatening杠杆lever构件member构成作业fabrication process构架接合；构架榫framed joint构架结构frame construction构想；意念idea榫头tenon榫眼；卯孔mortise榫规；双线规mortise gauge榫锯；夹背锯tenon saw榫凿mortise chisel槌击法chopping演绎技术(设计) rendering technique滚子轴承roller bearing滚花身；压花身knurled shank滚珠轴承ball bearing滚纹；切辊纹knurling滚动摩擦rolling friction滚压；辘压rolling漏电断路掣；水气掣earth leakage circuit breaker (ELCB) 滞后现象hysteresis渗碳cementation熔化fusion熔渣slag。

五金工具英语引言五金工具是我们日常生活中必不可少的物品。

无论是家庭维修、建筑工程还是日常的DIY活动，五金工具都扮演着重要的角色。

本文将介绍一些常见的五金工具，并提供其英语对应词汇，以帮助读者更好地了解和学习五金工具相关的英语词汇。

锤子 - Hammer锤子是一种常见的五金工具，用于敲打钉子或其他物体。

它通常由木柄和金属锤头构成。

以下是一些与锤子相关的英语词汇：•Hammer - 锤子•Wooden handle - 木柄•Metal head - 金属锤头•Claw hammer - 爪锤•Ball-pein hammer - 球锤•Sledgehammer - 大锤扳手 - Wrench扳手是用于旋转或调整螺母和螺栓的工具。

它通常由金属制成，有不同大小和形状的口。

以下是一些与扳手相关的英语词汇：•Wrench - 扳手•Adjustable wrench - 可调节扳手•Socket wrench - 插槽扳手•Combination wrench - 组合扳手•Open-end wrench - 单头扳手•Box-end wrench - 双头扳手螺丝刀 - Screwdriver螺丝刀是用来转动螺丝的工具，通常由金属刀片和手柄组成。

螺丝刀有不同形状和尺寸的刀片，以适应不同类型和大小的螺丝。

以下是一些与螺丝刀相关的英语词汇：•Screwdriver - 螺丝刀•Flathead screwdriver - 平头螺丝刀•Phillips screwdriver -十字螺丝刀•Torx screwdriver -六角螺丝刀•Ratchet screwdriver - 棘轮螺丝刀•Precision screwdriver - 精密螺丝刀钳子 - Pliers钳子是一种用于夹持、扭曲或剪断物体的工具。

它通常由两个金属臂组成，有不同形状和用途的嘴。

以下是一些与钳子相关的英语词汇：•Pliers - 钳子•Needle-nose pliers - 镊子钳•Slip-joint pliers - 开口钳•Tongue-and-groove pliers - 水泵钳•Wire cutters - 剪线钳•Crimping pliers - 压线钳电钻 - Drill电钻是一种用来钻孔或拧紧螺丝的工具。

机械配件词汇中英文对照1. 螺栓（Bolt）2. 螺母（Nut）3.垫圈（Washer）4. 销子（Pin）5. 轴承（Bearing）6. 齿轮（Gear）7. 液压缸（Hydraulic Cylinder）8. 气缸（Pneumatic Cylinder）9. 皮带轮（Pulley）10. 链轮（Sprocket）11. 联轴器（Coupling）12. 弹簧（Spring）13. 密封圈（Seal）14. 油封（Oil Seal）15. 滤清器（Filter）16. 泵（Pump）17. 阀门（Valve）18. 传感器（Sensor）19. 接头（Connector）20. 软管（Hose）机械配件词汇中英文对照（续）21. 齿条（Rack）22. 滑轨（Guide Rail）23. 滑块（Slider）24. 紧固件（Fastener）25. 调整垫片（Shim）26. 定位销（Locating Pin）27. 卡簧（Retaining Ring）28. 摩擦片（Friction Plate）29. 转向节（Steering Knuckle）30. 万向节（Universal Joint）31. 减震器（Shock Absorber）32. 悬挂臂（Suspension Arm）33. 制动盘（Brake Disc）34. 制动鼓（Brake Drum）35. 制动片（Brake Pad）36. 制动蹄（Brake Shoe）37. 驱动轴（Drive Shaft）38. 传动带（Transmission Belt）39. 齿轮箱（Gearbox）40. 变速器（Transmission）机械配件词汇中英文对照（续二）41. 发电机（Alternator）42. 起动机（Starter）43. 空气滤清器（Air Filter）44. 油冷却器（Oil Cooler）45. 散热器（Radiator）46. 扩张圈（Expansion Joint）47. 轴承座（Bearing Block）48. 摩擦盘（Clutch Disk）49. 离合器压盘（Clutch Pressure Plate）50. 飞轮（Flywheel）51. 正时皮带（Timing Belt）52. 正时链条（Timing Chain）53. 气门（Valve）54. 气门导管（Valve Guide）55. 气门弹簧（Valve Spring）56. 气门杆（Valve Stem）57. 气门座（Valve Seat）58. 活塞（Piston）59. 连杆（Connecting Rod）60. 曲轴（Crankshaft）这些词汇是机械领域的基础，它们构成了机械设备的骨架和血脉。

机械英语翻译-五金工具词汇★以下是###英文写作翻译频道为大家整理的《机械英语翻译-五金工具词汇》，供大家参考。

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