2011年职称英语等级考试理工类C级真题阅读文章翻译

Why People Use Pseudonyms?You can’t choose the name you are given at birth,but in many countries you can change it legally when you reach adulthood.Of course,most people never change their names even if(51)they feel unhappy about them.However,some people do take(52)this course of action—particularly artists!What makes an artist want to change their name?Sometimes it’s for purely personal(53)reasons,such as the Nobel Prize winning poet from Chile,Neftalii Reyes.He didn’t want his father to know(54)he was writing poetry,so he changed his name to Pablo Neruda when he was a young man.At(55)other times the reason may appear strange;take the case of the Portuguese poet Fernando Pessoa,who(56)wrote under75different names.The reason?“When I use a different name,I always write in a different way,”he explained.In most cases,however(57), people change their names for social,historical,political,or cultural reasons.Here are some of the most common(58).The person’s real name is just too(59)long and difficult to remember.Let’s be honest,Madonna Louise Ciccone is not as easy(60)to remember as just plain“Madonna”.And shortnames are much easier to remember:William Bradley became Brad Pitt and Edson Arantes do Nascimento became Pele.Sometimes names are changed for marketing purposes(61). For example,if a name sounds too“foreign”,it may be changed to something that is more recognizable in a market(62).So in the film world,Ramon Estevez adopted the name Martin Sheen. Or maybe the artist’s real name doesn’t sound very attractive—Chad Everett does sound(63)a lot better than Raymond Cramton.Artists sometimes choose(64)the name of someone they admire.Robert Zimmerman changed his name to Boo Dylan because of his admiration for the Welsh poet,Dylan Thomas.Another reason may be practicality：in the past,women found it very difficult to get published.To avoid(65)this situation, they sometimes gave themselves men’s names.So the English author Mary Ann Evans became George Eliot,and she did get her books published!译文：为什么人们用假名我们没法选择出生时的名字，但是在很多国家人们可以在成年后改名。

Operatunity1Operatunity is a TV talent show for amateur opera singers.The winners get the chance to sing with the English National Opera.When two housewives,Denise Leigh and Jane Gilchrist won in2002,their lives changed forever.As they sang Verdi’s Rigoletto at the Coliseum（音乐厅）in Rome,they were transformed from working mothers into opera celebrities（名人）.2“I live in the village I was born in,”says Denise, who is blind.“Lots of my neighbours are family,and my life is all about my three children.”Jane,who worked as a cleaner and a shop assistant,was in a similar situation.She says,“All I had to look forward to was seeing my four children grow up,and I love that,but...you think‘there must be more to life’.Winning Operatunity has opened up avenues I never knew existed.”3“This last year has been amazing,”Denise continues.“Last month was Paris,before that we were recording at Abbey Road,in London,and recently we had our album launch at theRoyal Opera House.”“We’ve been treated like princesses,”laughs Jane.“…champagne,chocolates,five-star hotels…”4But it wasn’t all so easy.For Denise,the worst part was waiting at the beginning.“After I’d sent in my application form I worried for a month.Then I had to wait ten days after my first audition（试唱）.That was awful.”Even when they won the competition they were allowed to tell their close family but they weren’t allowed to tell anyone else until later.Denise and Jane also found the travelling difficult. They couldn’t take their children with them while they were away singing so they had to organise childcare.However, there’s been no problem with the physical side of singing:“We didn’t have to worry about that as we’ve had lots of help and wonderful voice training,”says Jane.They also had to learn to deal with the media.“The kids loved the fact that they could stay up and watch us on TV,but I just couldn’t understand why some newspapers were more interested in the fact I divorced at 21,rather than the fact I had just sung at the Coliseum,”says Denise.译文：OperatunityOperatunity是面向业余歌剧歌手的电视才艺比赛。

职称英语理工类C级真题2011年(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、第1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Greene spent a brief time at Cambridge.∙ A. hard∙ B. good∙ C. short∙ D. long（分数：1.00）A.B.C. √D.解析：[解析] 划线词词义是“短暂的”。

A项hard意为困难的；例句：I know this is too hard for you.我知道这对你来说太难了。

B项good意为好的；例句：He is a good man.他是一个好人。

C项short意为短暂的；例句：Why did you just rest a short time?为什么你只休息了这么短时间?D项long意为长的。

例句：She spent a long time with her parents.她跟她的父母待了很长的时间。

很明显C项正确。

2.Marsha confessed that she knew nothing of computer.∙ A. reported∙ B. admitted∙ C. hoped∙ D. answered（分数：1.00）A.B. √C.D.解析：[解析] 划线词词义是“承认”。

A项reported意为报道；例句：It is reported that 20 people were killed in the accident.这次事故据报道有20人死亡。

B项admitted意为承认；例句：Of course, part of the challenge is her admitted difficulty with acting in English.当然，一部分困难是她自己承认的用英语表演的困难。

C项hoped意为希望；例句：Things are not moving as fast as we hoped.事情的进展不像我们希望的那么快。

2011年职称英语考试理工C答案解析(试卷代码：31)一、词汇选项1、Eventually---FinallyThe herb medicine eventually cured her disease. (词汇学习1-7)中药最终治好了她的疾病。

AnicelyBapparentlyCfinallyDnaturally近义词词义eventually finally in the end ultimately adv. 最终2、vary---change3、thorough---careful4、proposed---suggestedI propose that we discuss this at the next meeting. (2010年理工C词汇选项题第三题) 我提议我们在下次会议上讨论此事。

AdemandBsuggestCorderDrequestThe chairman proposed that we should stop the meeting. (词汇学习8-12)主席提议我们停止会议。

AstatedBdeclaredCsuggestedDannounced近义词词义propose suggest advise move recommend v. 建议5、disappointing---unsatisfactory6、explored---investigated7、a lot---greatly8、relied on---depended onShe has proved that she can be relied on in a crisis. (词汇学习8-14)她证明了自己在危急关头是值得信赖的。

Alived onBdepended onClived offDbelieved in近义词词义depend on rely on v. 依靠9、converted---turnedIn the process, the light energy converts to heat energy. (2010年理工C词汇选项题第十三题)在这个过程中光能转化为热能。

职称英语阅读理解译文---理工类C级(2011-01-03 14:27:30)标签：职称英语考试职称杂谈数码王国数码王国的下一个大发展将是语音识别系统。

这个系统的雏形已经形成，但仅仅是个最原始的形态。

冲着电脑讲：“识别语音”，很可能出现的后果是电脑会认为你要它去“毁坏一个美丽的海滩”。

但时下多年后我们就能不停的冲着电脑聊下去，而它也能完全理解我们的意思。

当我们能与电脑芯片对话时，它就会深深的影响着我们的生活。

不仅仅是电脑，我们甚至能与自动交通系统、电话座机、浏览器和恒温器、大屏幕、微波设备，还有别的我们需要发布命令的机器聊天。

这将会为我们打开一下个数码纪元的大门：人工智能。

随着我们每天不断地向机器人提供各种想法和喜好，机器将会积累足够的信息来了解我们的想法，可以模仿我们的大脑思维，扮演着代理人的角色。

吓到了，哈？但这个设想的潜在作用很大，至少在这之前很有用——人工智能型机器人决定不再需要我们并开始独立制造更为聪明的机器以供驱策。

迄今为止的数码时代的法则是由戈登·穆尔制定的，即：每18个月电脑芯片的功能加倍而价格减至一半。

而稍稍早些比尔·盖茨之所以能够操控着电脑界是因为他按照计算机将会统治世界的假定行动——微处理器和记忆芯片的价格会趋于零；他和他的公司一直大量的捆绑销售越来越多的系列软件。

而接下来的几十年中，新的法则会是光纤宽带及其他输送数码通讯渠道的费用趋于零。

随着数码启动和储存的最新发展，上述法则意味着未来所有的相关内容——电影、音乐、演出、书籍、资料、杂志、报纸，甚至你婶婶的菜谱和家庭录影——随时随地都可以立即下载。

任何人都可以成为上述内容的出品者；你甚至也能创出一本杂志或是制作一部电影，提供给全世界的人并收取费用，就像泰姆·华纳。

结果是大众化市场朝着个性化市场转变。

不同于传统的集中的电影厂和工作室向数百万人提供播放的同种产品，现在的技术已经能使产品满足不同人的不同需要。

2011年全国职称英语考试真题答案理工类（C级）第1部分：词汇选项1 A eventua11y 和finally 同义，都表示"最后、最终" 的意思，又如: They met with difficulties and dangers on their way，but eventually they got to the destination. 他们一路上遭遇种种险阻，但最终到这了目的地。

luckily 幸运的，certainly 肯定地，naturally自然地。

2 C propose 和suggest 是同义词，都是"建议、提议、提出"的意思，注意用法略有不同，两者后面都可以跟动词的-ing形式，但是propose 后面可以用动词不定式，suggest 则不可以。

可以说We propose have a meeting，但是不可以说We suggest to have a meeting。

test测试、检验，announce 宣布、公布。

3 C rely on 是个很常用的动词短语，意为"依靠、依赖"，和depend on 同义。

4 D explore 是"探索、探险、摸索" 的意思，investigate 除了常用的"调查"这层意思外，也具有'探索'这样的意义，本句的意思是:在会议上我们探索了扩充的可能性。

5 C brief 这个形容词可以解释"简单的"，也有"简短的、短暂的"的意思，如 a brieftalk/introduction 简短的谈话/介绍.a brief visit 短暂的访问。

6 D vary 解释"变化、改变"，故用change 替换。

本句的意思是: 我的医生说我的饮食应该更多样化。

又如: The prices for computers vary a lot from shop to shop. 电脑的价格每家商店的差别很大。

2011年职称英语等级考试真题参考答案及解析(理工类C级) 第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1．C 【解析】题意：格林在剑桥度过了短暂的时光。

划线词词义是“短暂的”。

A项hard意为困难的；例句：I know this is too hard for you．我知道这对你来说太难了。

B项good意为好的；例句：He is a good mail．他是一个好人。

C项short意为短暂的；例句：Why did you just rest a short time?为什么你只休息了这么短时间? D项long意为长的。

例句：She spent a long time with her parents．她跟她的父母待了很长的时间。

很明显C项正确。

2．B 【解析】题意：玛莎承认她对电脑一无所知。

划线词词义是“承认”。

A项reported意为报道；例句：It is reported that 20 people were killed in the accident．这次事故据报道有20人死亡。

B项admitted意为承认；例句：Of course，part of the challenge is her admitted difficulty with acting in English．当然，一部分困难是她自己承认的用英语表演的困难。

C项hoped意为希望；例句：Things are not moving as fast as we hoped．事情的进展不像我们希望的那么快。

D项answered意为回答。

例句：The question is simple enough to answer．这个问题很简单，容易回答。

很明显B项正确。

3．C 【解析】题意：我的医生说我应该饮食多样化。

2011年职称英语完型填空新增文章译文---理工类运动的年轻人智商更高理A瑞典歌德堡大学健康科学研究院和该校校医院的一项最新研究表明，身体健康的年轻人智商更高，进入大学学习的可能性也更高。

研究结果发表在美国国家科学院学报上。

这项研究的取样样本是1950-1976年入伍的120万新兵。

这些新兵报到时接受了体能测试和智能测试，研究人员对这两类测试数据进行了分析。

研究表明，健康的体能和优秀的只能测试结果之间的联系很明显。

最突出的就是科学思维和语言理解能力与身体健康有关。

但是智商测试结果中只是健康在起作用，而与力量无关。

“身体健康是指，一个人心肺功能好，能将充分的氧气源源不断地输入给大脑，”瑞典歌德堡大学健康科学研究院教授和瑞典歌德堡大学健康科学研究院校医院首席内科医师Michael Nilsson如是说，“也许这就是为什么智商测试结果与健康之间存在明显联系，而与肌肉力量无关的原因之一。

我们还发现生长因子也很重要。

”通过研究双胞胎的数据，研究人员可以得出结论，智商差异来自后天的环境因素而不是先天的基因，身体健康，智商越高。

“我们还发现，在15-18岁之间加强身体锻炼的青少年往往认知能力也较强，”瑞典歌德堡大学健康科学研究院研究员，Aby健康中心医师Maria Aberg说，“倘若情况果然如此，那么体育应成为学校中重要的一门学科，而且如果我们想要学好数学和其他理论学科，体育课是非常有必要的。

”研究人员还将新兵服兵役入伍报到时的体格测试和智商测试的结果与他们后来生活中的社会经济地位进行了比较。

那些18岁时身体健康的人学历更高，很多都能胜任高要求的工作。

吸烟会加重青少年的抑郁情绪理B有些青少年可能会一口接一口地吸烟来消除抑郁，进行所谓的“自我治疗”。

然而加拿大Toronto和Montreal大学的科学家却发现，事实上，吸烟会加重某些青少年的抑郁情绪。

“这项研究是检验吸烟是否可以给青少年带来精神欢愉的几项研究之一，”首席研究员Michael Chaiton如是说，他是Toronto大学Ontario烟草研究组织的助理研究员，“尽管吸烟能在短时间能起到自我治疗的作用，能振奋精神，但根据青少年自我报告的情况，我们发现，从长远看，吸烟的青少年往往有更多的抑郁症状。

2011年职称英语等级考试理工类C级真题阅读文章翻译职称英语备考真题2011年职称英语等级考试真题（理工类C级）真题阅读文章翻译第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

Lakes, Too, Feel Global WarmingThere’s no doubt: In the last few decades, the average temperature on Earth has been higher than it has been in hundreds of years. Around the world, people are starting to measure the effects of global warming and trying to figure out what to do about it.Scientists recently used satellites to study the temperatures of lakes around the world, and they found that lakes are heating up. Between 1985 and 2009, satellites recorded the nighttime temperatures of the surfaces of 167 lakes. During those 24 years, the lakes got warmer by an average of about 0.045 degree Celsius per year.In some places, lakes have been warming by as much as 0.10 degree Celsius per year. At that rate, a lake may warm by a full degree Celsius in just 10 years. That difference may seem small—you might not even notice it in your bath. But in a lake, slightly warmer temperatures could mean more algae（水藻）, and algae can make the lake poisonous to fish.The study shows that in some regions, lakes are warming faster than the air around them. This is important because scientists often use measurements of air temperature to study how Earth is warming. By using lake temperatures as well, scientists can get a better picture of global warming. The scientists say data on lakes give scientists a new way to measure the impact of climate change around the world.Tha t’s going to be useful, since no country is too big or too small to ignore climate change. Scientists aren’t the only ones concerned. Everyone who lives on Earth is going to be affected by the rapid warming of the planet. Many world leaders believe we might be able to do something about it, especially by reducing the amount of greenhouse（温室）gases we put into the air.That’s why the United Nations started the Framework Convention on Climate Change, or UNFCCC. Every year the convention meets, and representatives from countries around the world gather to talk about climate change and discuss global solutions to the challenges of a warming world.湖泊也感受到了全球变暖职称英语备考真题毫无疑问，在过去的几十年里，地球的平均温度要比几百年前的高。