人体重要器官衰老表.ppt
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人体组织器官衰老退化时间表科学人员确认了人体一些器官的衰老退化时间,肺活量从20岁起开始缓慢下降,到了40岁一些人就出现气喘吁吁的状况;大脑从20岁起开始逐年下降,到了40岁神经细胞的数量开始以每天1万个的速度递减;女人到了35岁乳房的组织和脂肪开始丧失,大小和丰满度因此下降;70岁才会变老肝脏似乎是体内唯一能挑战老化进程的器官。
一、肺活量衰老时间:20岁肺活量从20岁起开始缓慢下降,到了40岁,一些人就出现气喘吁吁的状况。
部分原因是控制呼吸的肌肉和胸腔变得僵硬起来,使得肺的运转更困难,同时还意味着呼气之后一些空气会残留在肺里,导致气喘吁吁。
对策:别碰烟如果是40岁以上长期吸烟者,咳嗽、咳痰3个月以上,就应该去医院进行肺功能检测,确定是否患上了慢阻肺,并且及时治疗。
长期吸二手烟者,患慢阻肺的风险也会增加48%。
二、大脑衰老时间:20岁20岁起神经元减少。
我们降临人世时,大脑中神经细胞(神经元)的数量达到1000亿个左右,但从20岁起开始逐年下降。
到了40岁,神经细胞的数量开始以每天1万个的速度递减,从而对记忆力、协调性及大脑功能造成影响。
对策:勤思考没想法、不愿动脑等习惯会加速大脑退化。
频繁使用大脑,神经细胞的网络才能得到强化,延缓大脑衰老。
此外,勤锻炼对大脑的好处也是显而易见的。
一项发表在《神经成像杂志》的研究发现,有氧运动能改善记忆功能,并且在年龄增长的过程中维护大脑健康。
三、皮肤衰老时间:25岁25岁后,随着身体合成胶原蛋白的速度放缓,加上能够让皮肤迅速弹回去的弹性蛋白弹性减小,甚至发生断裂,皮肤的自然衰老开始了。
当死皮细胞没能很快脱落,生成的新皮细胞又不多时,细纹就出现了。
皮肤衰老的迹象35岁左右会更加明显。
对策:防晒面部皮肤老化主要是紫外线导致的。
光老化导致皮肤出现很多问题,如色素异常、皮肤松弛等。
预防光老化需要养成在紫外线较强时,出门戴太阳镜、太阳帽,擦防晒霜的习惯。
四、头发衰老时间:30岁头发衰老从30岁开始,尤其是男性由于睾丸激素分泌的变化,导致发囊收缩出现脱发现象。
生理性衰老的主要表现1.人体结构成分的衰老变化〔1〕水分减少60岁以上老年人全身含水量男性为51.5%(正常为60%),〔细胞内含水量由42%降至35%〕,女性为42%-45.5%(正常为50%),所以老年人用发汗退烧药要注意发生脱水。
〔2〕脂肪增多随着年龄的增长,新陈代谢逐渐减慢,耗热量逐渐降低,因而食入热量常高于耗消耗量,所余热量即转化为脂肪而储积,使脂肪组织的比例逐渐增加,身体逐渐肥胖。
人体脂含量与水含量呈反比,脂肪含量与血总胆固醇含量呈平行关系,因此血脂随增龄而上升。
〔3〕细胞数减少,器官及体重减轻。
细胞减少随增龄而渐加剧。
75岁老人组织细胞减少约30%,由于老年人细胞萎缩,死亡及水分减少等,致使人体各器官重量和体重减轻,其中以肌肉、性腺、脾、肾等减重更为明显,细胞萎缩最明显的是肌肉,肌肉弹性降低、力量减弱、易疲劳。
老年人肌腱、韧带萎缩僵硬,致使动作缓慢,反响迟钝。
〔4〕器官功能下降。
主要表现在各器官的储藏能力减少,适应能力降低和抵抗能力减退等。
2.老化性代谢〔三大代谢平衡失调〕在代谢上,青年期的特点是进行性,同化性和合成性,而老年期的特点那么是退行性、异化性和分解性,这种倾向通常在衰老病症出现前就已开始了。
〔1〕糖代谢的变化,老年人糖代谢功能下降,有患糖尿病的倾向。
研究证明,50岁以上糖代谢异常者占16%,70岁以上异常者占25%。
〔2〕脂代谢的变化随机体的老化,不饱和脂肪酸形成的脂质过氧化物易积聚,后者极易产生自由基,血清脂蛋白也是自由基的来源,随年龄的增长,血中脂质明显增加,易患高脂血症、动脉粥样硬化、高血压及脑血病。
〔3〕蛋白质代谢的变化蛋白质代谢的衰老变化是人体生理功能衰退的重要物质根底,随增龄血清白蛋白含量降低,总球蛋白增高,而且蛋白质分子可随增龄而形成大而不活泼的分子,蓄积于细胞中,致使细胞活力降低,功能下降。
老年人蛋白质代谢分解大于合成,消化、吸收功能减退。
随年龄的增长,各种蛋白质的量和质趋于降低。
人体器官衰老时间表作者:来源:《市场周刊》2009年第02期人类如同其他自然界的生物一样,要面临必然的衰老和死亡。
曾经有不少人误认为,人体各个器官在人们步入老年时才开始衰老。
然而,英国研究人员表示,器官的衰老时间远比我们预想中的早得多。
了解一下人体各个器官的衰老时间,可以帮助我们更好地对其进行护理,让我们活的更健康。
大脑衰老时间:20岁随着我们年龄的增大,大脑中神经细胞(神经元)的数量会逐步减少。
我们降临人世时神经细胞的数量达到1000亿个左右,但从20岁起开始逐年下降。
到了40岁,神经细胞的数量开始以每天1万个的速度递减,从而对记忆力、协调性及大脑功能造成影响。
因此,成年人的记忆力往往不如小孩,中年之后记忆力更是大大减退。
除了神经细胞数量的减少之外,神经间质细胞(连接神经细胞的细胞)的功能退化也是大脑衰老的重要原因。
这些细胞的衰老导致神经细胞之间的信息交流不畅通,协调合作的能力就大大减弱。
肌肉衰老时间:30岁肌肉一直在生长、衰竭,再生长、再衰竭。
年轻人这一过程的平衡性保持得很好,但是,30岁以后,肌肉的衰竭速度就大于生长速度了。
过了40岁,人的肌肉开始以每年0.5%~2%的速度减少。
经常锻炼有助于预防肌肉老化。
性器官衰老时间:35岁由于卵巢中卵子数量和质量的下降,女性的生育能力从35岁后开始衰退。
子宫内膜可能会变薄,使得受精卵难以着床,造成一种抵抗精子的环境。
男性的生育能力也在这个年龄段下降。
40岁以后结婚的男人,由于精子质量的下降而导致配偶流产的可能性更大。
前列腺衰老时间:50岁前列腺常随着年龄增大而增大,引发的问题包括小便的次数增加等等。
良性前列腺增生,困扰着50岁以上的半数男子,但是,40岁以下男子很少患前列腺增生。
前列腺吸收大量睾丸激素会加快前列腺细胞的生长,引起前列腺增生。
正常的前列腺大小有如一粒胡桃,增生的前列腺有一个桔子那么大。
肝脏衰老时间:70岁肝脏似乎是体内唯一能挑战老化进程的器官。
人体器官衰老时间表(Human organ aging schedule)Human organ aging schedule (Photos): classification of health care.According to the British Daily Mail reported on your own body really understand? Human organs and tissues with aging pattern, the famous French physician Angela Epstein said, at the age of 35 male sperm quality began to deteriorate, when a 45 year old male, 1/3 are pregnant abortion. At present, in a number of famous British physician's help, they jointly assess different body tissues and organs of the aging schedule.1, 20 years old start aging brain:With the increase of age, the number of nerve cells in the brain to reduce. Before the body of nerve cells in the brain of 100 billion, at the age of 20 began to gradually reduce. By the age of 40, the daily loss of nerve cells in the brain 10 thousand, corresponding with memory loss and brain dysfunction.In fact, the nerve cells in the brain is very important, the British Imperial College London health care center consultant neurologist Wojie Taco Rakoviciz said that with the increase of age, the gap between brain cells become worse have greater impact on health. The small gap between the peripheral nerve cells in the brain called synapses, synaptic function can ensure that from one nerve cell to another transmission of information, with fewer synapses of aging.2, intestinal: 55 years old start agingA healthy gut can establish a good relationship between the balance of bacteria harmful and harmless, the Tom MacDonald professor of immunology medical school in London, but when people over the age of 55, intestinal digestive system in harmless cell index decreased gradually. The end result is that we will suffer from digestive ability is abate, increase intestinal diseases. Which is a symptom of constipation with body in the elderly often show.3, breast: 35 years old start agingWhen women enter the age of more than 30, it began to lose fat and breast tissue, breast size and fullness began to decrease. When women enter the age of 40, the breast sagging, areola began corresponding contraction. Although with the increase of age, will increase the probability of occurrence of breast cancer, often need specific massage stimulation can effectively prolong breast health.4, bladder: 65 years old start agingWhen people enter the age of 65, is likely to gradually weaken the control of the bladder, bladder function decreased with the aging of the human body is very obvious, but not completely. Women are more prone to bladder problems, when they experienced 65 years after menopause, estrogen decrease in urethral tissues thinner and weaker, to reduce bladder support. The elderly bladder capacity compared with middle-aged, middle-aged people only half. For 65 years old people, they are more prone to frequent travel.5, lung: 20 years old start aging6, the reproductive capacity: 35 years old start agingThe male sperm has a special function on ovarian maintenance without the normal 2-4 times a month of life of the female reproductive capacity began to decline from the age of 35, the quality of oocytes in the ovaries began to fall so women often than men are more likely to grow old. But the uterine wall becomes thin, so that to reduce the probability of fertilization, while the formation of a hostile environment for sperm.The male reproductive capacity decreased with increasing age, when they enter the age of 40, his spouse abortion is a high probability, the reason is the decline in sperm quality.7, eyes: 40 years old start agingWhen people enter the 40 year old, very common to many people will choose to use glasses, they appear presbyopia, will affect our ability to see objects close. The British University of Southampton ophthalmology professor Andrew Loty said that with the increase of age, the deterioration of eye visual focusing ability, the reason is that the eye muscles become weak.8, liver: 70 years old start agingThis is the only challenge the aging process of human body organs and tissues, British Leicester liver consultant David Lloyd explained that the liver cells have very strong functionof a new life.He pointed out that after the removal of a liver during surgery,Within three months will be long with a same size of liver. If donors do not suffer from infection or drinking, smoking, can be a 70 year old man with liver transplantation into the body of a 20 year old young man.9, kidney: 50 years old start agingWhen people enter old age, the filtration unit of the kidney in the bloodstream is responsible for removing the waste (kidney) to reduce the number of start. One effect is weaken the ability of nocturnal urine production, so they frequent phenomenon in out. The ability of 75 year old renal blood filtering is equivalent to only half of the 35 year old man.40 years old start aging heart10, heart: 40 years old start agingWith the increase of age people, the heart pump output was significantly reduced. The reason is due to the formation of vascular elasticity, accumulation of fat in the coronary arteries, the arteries become stiff and blocking. This is the excessive intake of saturated fat causes. Then the heart's blood supply.After entering the age of 45 male and female 55, will increase the probability of heart attack. Lloyd Famasi is the lateststudy found that the average British people into "heart disease age" 5 years in advance, this may be due to obesity and lack of exercise caused by.11, prostate: 50 years old start agingProfessor Roger Kirby director of the London prostate Center said that with the increase of age, the prostate often become hypertrophy, resulting in frequent phenomenon. This is 50 years after more than half of the men appear prostate hyperplasia, but rarely in the disease appear before the age of 40.Prostate hyperplasia is because prostate absorbs a lot of testosterone, thereby enhancing the growth of prostatic cells. The normal prostate size only general prostatic hyperplasia after walnut, but will increase to the size of oranges.12, bone: 35 years old start agingThe city of Liverpool, in the ante Robert Motts rheumatology medical school professor explained, in our life, the old bone is called a osteoclastic bone destruction, and called by osteoblasts bone manufacturing cells to generate new bone, a process called skeletal cyclical manufacturing.The children's bone growth is very fast, children two years of bone turnover, adults are completely in 10 years. Until we are more than 20 years old, bone density continues to increase, but at the age of 35, as a part of human aging, bone density decreased.This makes the probability of postmenopausal osteoporosis in elderly women with increased size and density of bone shrinkage decreases, resulting in reduced height so that normal life is very important for women to postpone menopause coming greatly. The back bone begins to atrophy, or between vertebral bone fragments. When people are 80 years old, the height will decrease 2 inches.13, teeth: 40 years old start agingWith the increase of age, the body will produce less saliva, the saliva can wash away bacteria, so the teeth and gums are more vulnerable to decay. As mankind has entered the 40 year old, the gum gradually began to decay.14, muscle: 30 years old start agingMuscle tissue is often built and decomposed, this process has a very good balance in young adults. However, when people enter the age of 30, greater than the formation and decomposition of muscle tissue. Once people enter the age of 40, people began to lose every muscle 0.5-2%. Have regular physical exercise can help to avoid this phenomenon.15, listening: more than 50 years old start agingBased on the analysis of the Royal British Deaf Association statistics, due to age into old age, more than half of the 60 people will lose their hearing. This is called senile deafness, is due to the loss of "hair cells" formation. Hair cells are a tiny sensory cells in the inner ear, it can obtain the soundof fibrillation, and the fibrillation is sent to the brain tissue.16, more than 20 years old start aging skin:Human skin natural aging is starting from the age of more than 20, according to the Brad Ford Medical Center dermatologist Andrew Wright said, when we grow old,As a scaffold of skin collagen formation ability decreased, elastic material can cause the skin to restore in situ protein also have less activity, more likely to break down.Dead skin cells will not fall off very quickly, which makes the new skin cells slightly reduced.17, taste and smell: 60 years old start agingOur life in the long tongue 10 thousand taste buds, but in the 60 years after the decrease in the number of taste buds to half. As we enter the 60 year old, the ability to taste and smell gradually weakened, partly due to the aging factor. Olfactometer may be because of a problem in the nose polyp, may also be due to the formation of the accumulation of years of smoking.18, voice: 65 years old start agingWith the increase of age, our voice will become hoarse sound and, 65, the soft tissue in the throat will gradually become weak, thus affecting the pitch, loudness and quality of thethroat sound; the female voice may become hoarse tones and lower than men, their voice will become thin and high pitched tone.19, hair: 30 years old start agingMale hair phenomenon usually appears at the age of 30, after the hair is from the skin under the surface of small bag shaped hair follicle formation. A hair is usually from hair follicles grow, after 3 years off, and then the new hair grow. However, effects of a 30 year old male testosterone levels by early cycle changes, lead to hair follicles contraction hair phenomenon.In this way, each new hair is more fine than before, eventually all the hair follicles increasingly shrink, fine hair does not grow from the hair stubble. Many people after 35 years there will be a lot of gray hair, when we are young, our hair is a hair follicle melanocytes pigment formation control. As we age, activity of melanocytes decreased, less melanin, the hair color fades, gray hair gradually appeared.-------------------------------------------Male physiological digital funThe 7200 man average ejaculation frequency2000 times the average man masturbation ejaculation frequencyThe average weight of 53 liters of man ejaculationThe average speed of 45 km men ejaculation: speed of 45 km, whilethe average bus speed is 40.2 kilometers per hour.11 times the average daily number of men with erectile The 9 man day night average erectile number2.5 months of sperm life: 2.5 months (from generation to ejaculation)。