句子 。英语

1.Effective managers are essential to any organization’s overall success，regardlessof whether it is a global giant or a small start-up enterprise。

2.Indeed having talented people is so important to the success of a business thatFortune magazine includes“the ability to attract ，develop，and keep talented people”as one of the key factors used to establish its list of Most Admire Companies。

3.Effective managers must pay attention to what goes on both inside and outsidetheir organizations。

4.Regardless of an organization’s specific goals，the job of managers is to help theorganization achieve those goals。

5.Because managers achieve organizational goals by enabling people to do theirjobs effectively and efficiently—not by performing all the tasks themselves—they must find ways to keep employees motivated。

7.First-line managers spend relatively little time planning and organizing。

8.Most of their time is spent directing the actions of employees who actually do production work or deliver services（leading）and making sure that parts arrive，setting disputes among employees，scheduling vacations and overtime，and inspecting products（controlling）。

9.These are the problems of middle managers，who receive broad，general strategies and policies from top managers and translate them into specific goals and plans for first-line managers to implement。

10.Middle managers carry out top management’s directives primarily by delegating authority and responsibility to their subordinates and by coordinating schedules and resources with other managers。

11.They often spend much of their day talking on the phone，attending committee meetings，and preparing and reviewing reports。

12.In large organizations with several levels of management，managers at each level are responsible for different types of tasks。

13.The process of obtaining and organizing resources and achieving goals through other people—that is，managing—is dynamic rather than static。

14.As you launch your career，your challenge will be to succeed in a new era that will feature change。

15.Thus self-managed work teams that bring workers and first-line managers together to make joint decisions to improve the way they do their jobs offer a solution to both supervision and employee expectation problems。

16.Outsourcing means letting other organizations perform a needed service and/or manufacture needed parts or products。

17.It appears to hold down the unit cost of production by relieving the company of some overhead，and it frees the company to allocate scarce resources to activities for which the company holds a competitive advantage。

18.The fist point about making decisions is summarized in the adage：“There is no such thing as a free lunch”。

19.Many of the incentives that economists study are more straightforward than those of the auto-safety laws。

20.In his 1776 book The Wealth of Nations，economist Adam Smith made the most famous observation in all of economic：households and firms interacting in markets act as if they are guided by an “invisible hand”that leads them to desirable market outcomes。

21.There are two broad reasons for a government to intervene in the economy：to promote efficiency and to promote equity。

22.To say that the government can improve on market outcomes at times does not mean that it always will。

23.Almost，all variation in living standards is attributable to differences in countries’productivity—that is，the amount of goods and services produced from each hour of a worker’s time。

24.The Phillips curve remains a controversial topic among economists，but most economists today accept the idea that there is a short-run tradeoff between inflation and unemployment。

25.We all know that one of the primary responsibilities of a leader is to decide where he wants the company to be in the future and how to get it there。

26.Of the four management functions planning，organizing，leading，and controlling，planning is considered the most fundamental。

27.Managers first plan a test or change in a specific process，then do the test or carry out the change，check the results，and finally act to improve the process based upon what they learn。

28.老长的句子。

59页29.When organizations are operating in a highly uncertain environment or dealing with long time horizons，sometimes planning can seem like a waste of time。

anizing is the deployment of organizational resources to achieve strategic goals。

31.The set of formal tasks and formal reporting relationships provides a framework for vertical control of the organization。