选修8翻译

1.选修八Unit1 CALIFORNIA加利福尼亚California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population. 加州是美国第三大洲, 而且是人口最多的州。

It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA, having attracted people from all over the world. 加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州。

它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。

The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home. 这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。

This diversity of culture is not surprising when you know the history of California.当你了解了加利福尼亚的历史，你就不会对其文化的多样性感到惊奇了。

NA TIVE AMERCANS美洲土著人Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. 最早一批人具体是什么时候来到我们现在了解的加利福尼亚地区的, 谁也说不清楚。

However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. 然而，可能至少在一15,000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。

Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. 科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时期曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。

选修8 Unit 1A land of diversity [daɪ'vɜːsɪtɪ; dɪ-]n. 多样性；差异-Reading CALIFORNIA [,kælɪ'fɔ:njə]n. 加利福尼亚（美国一个州）California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population. It also has the distinction [dɪ'stɪŋ(k)ʃ(ə)n]n. 区别；差别；特性；荣誉、勋章of being the most multicultural [mʌltɪ'kʌltʃ(ə)r(ə)l]adj. 多种文化的；融合或具有多种文化的state in the USA, having attract ed people from all over the world. The customs and langu age s of the immigrant s ['ɪmɪgr(ə)nt]n. 移民，侨民adj. 移民的；迁入的live on in their new home. This diversity of culture is not surprising when you know the history of California.immigrant ['ɪmɪgr(ə)nt]n. 移民，侨民adj. 移民的；迁入的migrant英['maɪgr(ə)nt]美 ['maɪɡrənt]n. 候鸟；移居者；随季节迁移的民工adj. 移居的；流浪的Unit1 加利福尼加利福尼亚是美国的第三大州而且是人口最多的州。

加州与不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州它吸引了来自世各地的人们。

这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续当你了解了加利福尼亚的历史后你就不会对此感到惊讶了。

英语选修8 翻译Unit1 一个多元文化的国家加利福尼亚是美国的第三大州，而且是人口最多的州。

加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州，它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。

这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。

当你了解了加利福尼亚的历史后，你就不会对此感到惊讶了。

美洲土著人最早的一批人具体是在什么时候来到我们现在所知道的加利福尼亚地区的，谁也说不清楚。

然而，很可能至少在15 ,000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。

科学家们认为，这些迁居者通过一条史前时代曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。

欧洲人在16世纪来到这儿后，土著人遭受了极大的苦难，成千上万的人被杀害或被迫成为奴隶。

此外，欧洲人带来了疾病，使许多人染病而死，不过，还是有一些人在经历了这些恐怖时期后活下来了。

今天住在加利福尼亚的美洲土著人比任何其他州的都要多。

西班牙人在18世纪的时候，加利福尼亚是由西班牙统治的西班牙士兵最早是在1 6世纪初期来到南美洲的，他们同土著人打仗，并夺去了他们的土地。

两个世纪以后，西班牙人在南美洲的大部分地区定居下来，而且还在我们现在称之为美国的西北沿海地区住下来。

在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向原住民传授天主教。

1821年，墨西哥人从西班牙获得了独立-加利福尼亚于是成了墨西哥的一部分。

1846年美国向墨西哥宣战，美国赢得战争胜利后，墨西哥被迫把加利福尼亚割让给美国。

但是，这个州至今仍然保留着很强的西班牙的影响。

这就是为什么今天还有40%的加利福尼亚人仍然把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的缘故。

俄罗斯人19世纪初期，一批最初到阿拉斯加的俄罗斯猎人开始在加利福尼亚定居下来。

今天，住在圣弗朗西斯科（旧金山）及其周边地区的美籍俄罗斯人约有25,000人。

淘金矿工1848年，在美国同墨西哥开战之后不久，在加利福尼亚发现了金矿。

发财梦很快就吸引了世界各地的人。

距离最近因而来得最早的是南美洲人和美国人。

人教版高中英语选修8 课文及翻译选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversity-ReadingCALIFORNIACalifornia is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population. It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA, having attracted people from all over the world. The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home. This diversity of culture is not surprising when you know the history of California.NATIVE AMERCANSExactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. In the 16th century, after the arrival of the Europeans, the native people suffered greatly. Thousands were killed or forced into slavery. In addition, many died from the diseases brought by the Europeans. However, some survived these terrible times, and today there are more Native Americans living in California than in any other state.THE SPANISHIn the 18th century California was ruled by Spain. Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century, when they fought against the native people and took their land. Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States. Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives. In 1821, the people of Mexico gained their independence from Spain. California then became part of Mexico. In 1846 the United States declared war on Mexico, and after the war won by the USA, Mexico had to give California to the USA. However, there is still a strong Spanish influence in the state. That is why today over 40 of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.RUSSIANSIn the early 1800s, Russian hunters, who had originally gone to Alaska, began settling in California. Today there are about 25,000 Russian-Americans living in and around San Francisco.GOLD MINERSIn 1848, not long after the American-Mexican war, gold was discovered in California. The dream of becoming rich quickly attracted people from all over the world. The nearest, and therefore the first to arrive, were South Americans and people from the United States. Then adventurers from Europe and Asia soon followed. In fact, few achieved their dream of becoming rich. Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship. They settled in the new towns or on farms. By the time California elected to become thethirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.LATER A RRIVALSAlthough Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period, it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s. Today, Chinese-Americans live in all parts of California, although a large percentage have chosen to stay in the "Chinatowns" of Los Angeles and San Francisco.Other immigrants such as Italians, mainly fishermen but also wine makers, arrived in California in the late 19th century. In 1911 immigrants from Denmark established a town of their own, which today still keeps up their Danish culture. By the 1920s the film industry was well established in Hollywood, California. The industry boom attracted Europeans including many Jewish people. Today California has the second largest Jewish population in the United States.Japanese farmers began arriving in California at the beginning of the 20th century, and since the 1980s a lot more have settled there. People from Africa have been living in California since the 1800s, when they moved north from Mexico. However, even more arrived between 1942 and 1945 to work in the ship and aircraft industries. MOST RECENT ARRIVALSIn more recent decades, California has become home to more people from Asia, including Koreans, Cambodians, Vietnamese and Laotians. Since its beginning in the 1970s, the computer industry has attracted Indians and Pakistanis to California. THE FUTUREPeople from different parts of the world, attracted by the climate and the lifestyle, still immigrate to California. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.GEORGE’S DIARY 12TH—14TH JUNEMonday 12th, JuneArrived early this morning by bus. Went straight to hotel to drop my luggage, shower and shave. Then went exploring. First thing was a ride on a cable car. From top of the hill got a spectacular view of San Francisco Bay and the city. Built in 1873, the cable car system was invented by Andrew Hallidie, who wanted to find a better form of transport than horse-drawn trams. Apparently he'd been shocked when he saw a terrible accident in which a tram's brakes failed, the conductor could not control the situation and the tram slipped down the hill dragging the horses with it. Had a late lunch at Fisherman's What. This is the district where Italian fishermen first came to San Francisco in the late 19th century and began the fishing industry. Now it's a tourist area with lots of shops, sea food restaurants and bakeries. It's also the place to catch the ferry to Angel Island and other places in the Bay.Did so much exploring at Fisherman's What. Am exhausted and don't feel like doing anything else. Early bed tonight!Tuesday 13th, JuneTeamed up with a couple from my hotel (Peter and Terri) and hired a car. Spent all day driving around the city. There's a fascinating drive marked out for tourists. It has blue and white signs with seagulls on them to show the way to go. It's a 79km round-trip that takes in all the famous tourist spots. Stopped many times to admire the view of the city from different angles and take photographs. Now have a really good idea of what the city's like.In evening, went to Chinatown with Peter and Terri. Chinese immigrants settled in this area in the 1850s. The fronts of the buildings are decorated to look like old buildings in southern China. Saw some interesting temples here, a number of markets and a great many restaurants. Also art galleries and a museum containing documents, photographs and all sorts of objects about the history of Chinese immigration, but it is closed in the evening. Will go back during the day. Had a delicious meal and then walked down the hill to our hotel.Wednesday 14th, JuneIn morning, took ferry to Angel Island from the port in San Francisco Bay. On the way had a good view of the Golden Gate Bridge. From 1882 to 1940 Angel Island was a famous immigration station where many Chinese people applied for right to live in USA. The cells in the station were very small, cold and damp; some did not even have light but the immigrants had nowhere else to go. Their miserable stay seemed to be punishment rather than justice and freedom to them. They wrote poems on the walls about their loneliness and mourned their former life in China. In 1940 the civil authorities reformed the system so that many more Chinese people were able to grasp the opportunity of settling in the USA. Made me very thoughtful and thankful for my life today.选修8 Unit 2 Cloning-ReadingCLONING: WHERE IS IT LEADING US?Cloning has always been with us and is here to stay. It is a way of making an exact copy of another animal or plant. It happens in plants when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones. It also happens in animals when twins identical in sex and appearance are produced from the same original egg. The fact is that these are both examples of natural clones.Cloning has two major uses. Firstly, gardeners use it all the time to produce commercial quantities of plants. Secondly, it is valuable for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals. Cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very complicated. It is a difficult task to undertake. Many attempts to clone mammals failed. But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough - the cloning of Dolly the sheep.The procedure works like this:On the one hand, the whole scientific world followed the progress of the first successful clone, Dolly the sheep. The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dolly's illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal. Altogether Dolly lived six and a half years, half the length of the life of the original sheep. Sadly the same arbitrary fate affected other species, such as cloned mice. The questions that concerned all scientists were: "Would this be a major difficulty for all cloned animals? Would it happen forever? Could it be solved if corrections were made in their research procedure?"On the other hand, Dolly's appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination. It became controversial. It suddenly opened everybody's eyes to the possibility of using cloning to cure serious illnesses and even to produce human beings.Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult to obtain, newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves to attain their ambitions. Religious leaders also raised moral questions. Governments became nervous and more conservative. Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning, but other countries like China and the UK, continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide. However, scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.克隆一直在我们左右并且已经被大多数人接受。

人教课标版高中英语选修8 课文及翻译选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversity-ReadingCALIFORNIACalifornia is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population. It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA, having attracted people from all over the world. The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home. This diversity of culture is not surprising when you know the history of California.NATIVE AMERCANSExactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. In the 16th century, after the arrival of the Europeans, the native people suffered greatly. Thousands were killed or forced into slavery. In addition, many died from the diseases brought by the Europeans. However, some survived these terrible times, and today there are more Native Americans living in California than in any other state.THE SPANISHIn the 18th century California was ruled by Spain. Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century, when they fought against the native people and took their land. Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States. Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives. In 1821, the people of Mexico gained their independence from Spain. California then became part of Mexico. In 1846 the UnitedStates declared war on Mexico, and after the war won by the USA, Mexico had to give California to the USA. However, there is still a strong Spanish influence in the state. That is why today over 40 of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.RUSSIANSIn the early 1800s, Russian hunters, who had originally gone to Alaska, began settling in California. Today there are about 25,000 Russian-Americans living in and around San Francisco.GOLD MINERSIn 1848, not long after the American-Mexican war, gold was discovered in California. The dream of becoming rich quickly attracted people from all over the world. The nearest, and therefore the first to arrive, were South Americans and people from the United States. Then adventurers from Europe and Asia soon followed. In fact, few achieved their dream of becoming rich. Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship. They settled in the new towns or on farms. By the time California elected to become thethirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.LATER A RRIVALSAlthough Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period, it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s. Today, Chinese-Americans live in all parts of California, although a large percentage have chosen to stay in the "Chinatowns" of Los Angeles and San Francisco.Other immigrants such as Italians, mainly fishermen but also wine makers, arrived in California in the late 19th century. In 1911 immigrants from Denmark established atown of their own, which today still keeps up their Danish culture. By the 1920s the film industry was well established in Hollywood, California. The industry boom attracted Europeans including many Jewish people. Today California has the second largest Jewish population in the United States.Japanese farmers began arriving in California at the beginning of the 20th century, and since the 1980s a lot more have settled there. People from Africa have been living in California since the 1800s, when they moved north from Mexico. However, even more arrived between 1942 and 1945 to work in the ship and aircraft industries. MOST RECENT ARRIVALSIn more recent decades, California has become home to more people from Asia, including Koreans, Cambodians, Vietnamese and Laotians. Since its beginning in the 1970s, the computer industry has attracted Indians and Pakistanis to California. THE FUTUREPeople from different parts of the world, attracted by the climate and the lifestyle, still immigrate to California. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.GEORGE’S DIARY 12TH—14TH JUNEMonday 12th, JuneArrived early this morning by bus. Went straight to hotel to drop my luggage, shower and shave. Then went exploring. First thing was a ride on a cable car. From top of the hill got a spectacular view of San Francisco Bay and the city. Built in 1873, the cable car system was invented by Andrew Hallidie, who wanted to find a better form of transport than horse-drawn trams. Apparently he'd been shocked when he saw a terrible accident in which a tram's brakes failed, the conductor could not control the situation andthe tram slipped down the hill dragging the horses with it. Had a late lunch at Fisherman's What. This is the district where Italian fishermen first came to San Francisco in the late 19th century and began the fishing industry. Now it's a tourist area with lots of shops, sea food restaurants and bakeries. It's also the place to catch the ferry to Angel Island and other places in the Bay.Did so much exploring at Fisherman's What. Am exhausted and don't feel like doing anything else. Early bed tonight!Tuesday 13th, JuneTeamed up with a couple from my hotel (Peter and Terri and hired a car. Spent all day driving around the city. There's a fascinating drive marked out for tourists. It has blue and white signs with seagulls on them to show the way to go. It's a 79km round-trip that takes in all the famous tourist spots. Stopped many times to admire the view of the city from different angles and take photographs. Now have a really good idea of what thecity's like.In evening, went to Chinatown with Peter and Terri. Chinese immigrants settled in this area in the 1850s. The fronts of the buildings are decorated to look like old buildings in southern China. Saw some interesting temples here, a number of markets and a great many restaurants. Also art galleries and a museum containing documents, photographs and all sorts of objects about the history of Chinese immigration, but it is closed in the evening. Will go back during the day. Had a delicious meal and then walked down the hill to our hotel.Wednesday 14th, JuneIn morning, took ferry to Angel Island from the port in San Francisco Bay. On the way had a good view of the Golden Gate Bridge. From 1882 to 1940 Angel Island was a famous immigration station where many Chinese people applied for right to live in USA.The cells in the station were very small, cold and damp; some did not even have light but the immigrants had nowhere else to go. Their miserable stay seemed to be punishment rather than justice and freedom to them. They wrote poems on the walls about their loneliness and mourned their former life in China. In 1940 the civil authorities reformed the system so that many more Chinese people were able to grasp the opportunity of settling in the USA. Made me very thoughtful and thankful for my life today.选修8 Unit 2 Cloning-ReadingCLONING: WHERE IS IT LEADING US?Cloning has always been with us and is here to stay. It is a way of making an exact copy of another animal or plant. It happens in plants when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones. It also happens in animals when twins identical in sex and appearance are produced from the same original egg. The fact is that these are both examples of natural clones.Cloning has two major uses. Firstly, gardeners use it all the time to produce commercial quantities of plants. Secondly, it is valuable for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals. Cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very complicated. It is a difficult task to undertake. Many attempts to clone mammals failed. But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough - the cloning of Dolly the sheep.The procedure works like this:On the one hand, the whole scientific world followed the progress of the first successful clone, Dolly the sheep. The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dolly's illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal. Altogether Dolly lived six and a half years, half the length of the life of theoriginal sheep. Sadly the same arbitrary fate affected other species, such as cloned mice. The questions that concerned all scientists were: "Would this be a major difficulty for all cloned animals? Would it happen forever? Could it be solved if corrections were made in their research procedure?"On the other hand, Dolly's appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination. It became controversial. It suddenly opened everybody's eyes to the possibility of using cloning to cure serious illnesses and even to produce human beings.Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult to obtain, newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves to attain their ambitions. Religious leaders also raised moral questions. Governments became nervous and more conservative. Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning, but other countries like China and the UK, continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide. However, scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.克隆一直在我们左右并且已经被大多数人接受。

1.选修八Unit1 CALIFORNIA加利福尼亚California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population. 加州是美国第三大洲, 而且是人口最多的州。

It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA, having attracted people from all over the world. 加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州。

它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。

The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home. 这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。

This diversity of culture is not surprising when you know the history of California.当你了解了加利福尼亚的历史，你就不会对其文化的多样性感到惊奇了。

NA TIVE AMERCANS美洲土著人Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. 最早一批人具体是什么时候来到我们现在了解的加利福尼亚地区的, 谁也说不清楚。

However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. 然而，可能至少在一15,000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。

Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. 科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时期曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。

选修八英语课文翻译(1) [选修八英语课文翻译]选修八英语课文翻译导语：课文是指指教科书中的正文，区别于注释和习题等，一般在语文或地理中出现。

英语，有对话和短文。

以下是小编收集整理的选修八英语课文翻译，希望大家喜欢！选修八英语课文翻译Unit1 CALIFORNIA加利福尼亚California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population。

加州是美国第三大洲，而且是人口最多的州。

It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA， having attracted people from all over the world。

加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州。

它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。

The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home。

这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。

This diversity of culture is not surprising when you know thehistory of California。

当你了解了加利福尼亚的历史，你就不会对其文化的多样性感到惊奇了。

NATIVE AMERCANS美洲土著人Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California， no one really knows。

最早一批人具体是什么时候来到我们现在了解的加利福尼亚地区的，谁也说不清楚。

However， it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago。

选修八Unit 1加利福尼亚（州）加利福尼亚（州）人vt. 说明；阐明adj. 清晰的；明显的；明确的n. 差别；区分；卓著n. （从外国移入的）移民继续存在；继续生存n. 海峡白令海峡adj. 北极的；北极区的北极n. 手段；方法用……办法；借助……adj. 史前的n. 大多数；大半n. （政府的）部；（全体）牧师；牧师的职责adj. 天主教的n.天主教徒n. 阿拉斯加（州）n. 圣弗朗西斯科（也称旧金山）n. 冒险家习惯于新的生活方式、工作等尽管；不管n. 苦难；困苦vt. 选择；决定做某事；选举某人adj. 联邦制的；联邦政府的n. 铁路；扶手；（护栏的）横条n. 百分比；百分率n. 洛杉矶n. 意大利n. 意大利人；意大利语adj.意大利人的；意大利语的n. 丹麦（北欧国家）坚持；维持；沿袭（风俗、传统等）n. 好莱坞；美国电影业n. （人口、贸易的）繁荣vi. 处于经济迅速发展时期n. 飞行器；航空器；飞机n. 柬埔寨人；柬埔寨语n. 韩国；朝鲜n. 韩国/朝鲜人；朝鲜/韩语adj.韩国（人/语）的；朝鲜（人/语）的n. 巴基斯坦adj. 巴基斯坦（人）的n.巴基斯坦人vi. 移入（外国定居）n. 移民；移居入境adj. 人种的；种族的n. 横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道n. & adj. 代理；副职n. 侄子；外甥n. 地极；电极；磁极n. 申请人n. 海关；关税；进口税n. 社会主义者；社会党人adj.社会主义者的n. 社会主义vi. 发生；出现n. 牛（总称）n. （美）讲西班牙语的美国人vt. 指出；指示；表明；暗示背靠背n. 行李（<美>baggage）vt. & vi. (shaved; shaved, shaven)刮；剃n. 缆绳；绳索；电缆缆车；（美）有轨缆车安德鲁•海利迪n. （有轨）电车adj. 显而易见的；显然的；表面上的adv. 显然地；显而易见地n. 闸；刹车；制动器Vi. & vt. 刹（车）；用制动器减速n. （公车）售票员；列车员；乐队）指挥vi. 滑动；滑行；滑跤n.滑动；滑倒n. 码头n. 面包房；面包厂n. 渡船；渡口vt.摆渡；渡运天使岛与……合作或一起工作vt. & n. 租用；雇用adj. 迷人的；吸引人的划线；标出……界线n. 海鸥包括；吸收n. 角；角度许多；很多申请；请示得到adv. 无处；到处都无adj. 痛苦的；悲惨的n. 处罚；惩罚n. 公正；公平vt. & vi. 哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛adj. 公民的；国内的；民间的n. 权威；权力(pl)当局；官方vt. & vi. 改革；革新n.改革；改造；改良vt. & n. 抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会adj. 关切的；体贴的；深思的adj. 感激的；感谢的vt. 插入；嵌入Unit 2vi. 不同；相异adj. 精确的；准确的n. 剪枝；剪报；剪纸n. 双胞胎之一；孪生儿之一adj.成对的；成双的adj. 同一的；一模一样的adj. 商业的；贸易的adj. 简单的；直接的；坦率的adj. 复杂的；难懂的vt. (undertook, undertaken)着手；从事；承担得到好结果；取得成功；偿清n. 突破n. 程序；步骤；手续n. 原子核；中心adj. 躯体的；肉体的；细胞体的n. 胚；胚胎；萌牙时期n. 携带者；搬运工；运输工具vt. (cast, cast) 扔；投；掷沮丧；不愉快adv. 总共；完全地adj. 任意的n. 命运；天命n. 改正；纠正；修正vi. 反对；不赞成n. 不赞成；反对；异议n. 撞击；冲击；巨大的影响n. 媒介；手段；工具大众传播媒体（如电视、报纸等）vt. 获得；赢得vt. 获得；到达（水平、年龄、状况等）adj. 道德（上）的；伦理的adj. 保守的；守旧的vt. (forbade,forbad; forbidden)禁止；不准vt. 积累；聚保赞成；支持旁路；支线；岔道(<美>sidewalk)n. 宪法；章程adj. 必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的n. 歌剧；歌剧团；歌剧院n. 合唱；合唱队n. 一条（面包）n. 面粉vt. 欠（账、钱、人情等）；归功于……adv. 立刻；不久vi. 退休；离开vt. 打扰vi.操心n.烦扰一定或注定（做）……n. 假定；设想n. 规则；规章；法规n. 胡说；无稽之谈；废话n. 受人喜爱；流行侏罗纪公园（美国电影名）vi & vt. (struck, struck)打；撞击；罢工使……刻骨铭心n. 北美或欧洲野牛n. 小牛；牛犊不时；偶尔使复生；使复活adj. 最初的；开始的脱氧核糖核酸adj. 虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的白费力气；枉费心机vt. 抵抗；对抗n. 缺点；不利条件adv. 仅；只；不过vt. 恢复；使恢复原状；重建n. 原牛（古代欧洲野牛，已灭绝）n. 装饰adj. 不能的；不会的n. 大海雀（已灭绝）n. 羽毛n. 白氏斑马（已灭绝）adv. 公平地；相当地状况很好（坏）；情况很好（坏）n. 火鸡vt. 给……染色；染n.染色剂n. 爪；脚爪vt. 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱vt. & vi. 孵出；孵卵；孵化adj. 合情理的；讲道理的；公道的Unit 3adj. 两栖（类）的乔治•斯蒂芬森（英国发明家，蒸汽机的发明人）n. 专利证书；专利权给……打电话n. 院子；庭院；天井偶尔；有时n. 胡桃；胡桃木vi. & vt. 显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别adj. 宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的n. 产品n. 粉末；火药开始；着手n. 香水；香味adj.无锈的；不锈的；没有污点的n. 果冻；果冻状物n. 立方体；立方adj. 立方的adj. 突然的；意外的adv. 突然地；唐突地adj. 便利的；方便的；就近的n. 小心；谨慎n. 预料；期待；期望adj. 被动的；消极的；被动语态的dj. 愉快的；高兴的adv. 高兴地；愉快地vt. 抓住；捉住；夺n. 认出；认可；承认n. （评判的）标准；尺度n. & vt. 要求；声称；主张adj. 有效的；确凿的n. 文件；档案；文件夹vt. 提交；将……归档adj. 熟的；成熟的n. 线；绳子；一串n. 胶；胶水vt.粘贴；粘合n. 杆；棒adj. 冰冻的；严寒的n. 果蔬商（pl）蔬菜水果店n. 鉴定；辨认；确定；身份证明n. 电话簿；商行名录vt. 拨（电话）n. 降雨n. 法庭；审判室adj. 清白的；无罪的；天真的lantern n. 灯笼；提灯vt. 忍受；忍耐；负担n. 堵塞；阻塞；果酱亚历山大•格雷厄姆•贝尔n. 麦克风；话筒n. 额头被踩出来的路；常规；惯例adv. 偶然地；不时地迅速把手伸入；一心投入adj. 充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的；发展变化的开始（做）adj. 多种的；多样的；多类型的n.倍数莫尔斯电码dot n. 点；小圆点vt. 以小圆点标出；分散vt. 轻打；轻拍；轻敲n.轻轻地敲击（声）；（水）龙头n. 金属丝；电线n. 稻草；麦秆；饮料吸管vt. 复制；再现……的形象或声音n. （水或气）流；电流adj. 现在的；当前的n. 直升飞机n. 三角形；三角形物体n. 四面体stable adj. 稳固的；稳定的；安定的adj. 无价的；极宝贵的vt. 联想；联系n.同伴；伙伴adj. 实际的；实践的；实用的詹姆斯•戴森（英国发明家）n. 冰箱n. 法庭；法院；朝廷n. 电话分机；扩大；延伸不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住次序颠倒；发生故障设法联系上（尤指打通电话）；（设法）做完；通过回复电话挂断电话n. 版本；译本n. 能力；胜利；本领n. 能胜任的；有能力的；称职的n. 吉普车n. 人力资源；人事部；全体人员Unit 4n. 皮格马利翁（希腊神话）乔治•伯纳德•萧（也译萧伯纳，英国剧作家）n. 适应（性）；改编本adj. 经典的；第一流的n.经典著作n. （图片上的）说明文字；（电视、电影）字幕；（杂志等文章的）标题；韪n. 情节；阴谋n. 教授希金斯（姓）n. 语音学n. （陆军）上校皮克林（姓）adj. 重要的；决定性的；命中注定的vi. 吹口哨；发出汽笛声n.口哨声；汽笛声n. （一件）衣服（外套、裙、袍等）（pl）服装adj. 毛纺的；纯毛的（<美>woolen）vi. 犹豫；踌躇adj. 不舒服的；不安的；不自在的adv. 不舒服的；不自在地adj. 带来麻烦的；使人心烦的n. 皮夹；钱包n. 结果；效果n. 小偷；贼n. 手帕；手绢；纸巾vt. 伪装；假扮；遮掩n.伪装伪装（的）；假扮（的）adj. （见解或判断上）错误的；不正确的adj. 光辉灿烂的；杰出的；才华横溢的vt. 编排；分类；归类n. 谈论；言论；评述vt. & vi.谈论；评论；说起vt. 显露出（本来面目）；背叛adj. （位置或地位）较高的；级别较高的adj. 不同寻常的；非凡的vi. 谴责；使……注定n. 排水沟；阴沟；贫民区adv. 适当地；恰当地（把某人）改变或冒充成……n. 公爵夫人；女公爵n. 大使；使节n. 相识；了解；熟人结识；与……相见n. 一把；少量n. 惊讶；惊愕震惊；惊讶n. 机会；运气；大笔的钱adj. 真实的；真正的；可信的；可靠的一般来说n. 身份；地位；职位adj. 优秀的；较高的；上级的n.上级；长官就……来说；从……角度vt. & vi. 不赞成；反对；认为不好vt. 抢劫；盗窃；剥夺adj. 古时的；（因古老、稀少而）珍贵的n. 文物；古董；古玩adj. 音乐的；喜爱音乐的n.音乐喜剧n. 长袜n. 信徒；教徒n. 佛教n. 佛教徒adj.佛教的n. 佛n. 元音；元音字母皮尔斯（姓）n. 饼干n. 茶壶n. 奶油；面霜n. 指甲；钉子in 带或领……进来n. 蜡；蜜蜡vt.上蜡n. 磁盘旧式唱片adj. 破旧的；寒酸的vi. （also curtsey）行屈膝礼n.（女子行的）屈膝礼n. 先令（1971年以前的英国货币单位，旧币的12便士）n. 裁判员；仲裁者ni. & vi. 妥协；折衷adj. 可怕的；恐怖的n. 洗衣店；洗衣房；待洗的或洗好的）衣服n. 浴缸；澡盆vi. 啜泣；抽噎n.啜泣（声）；抽噎（声）n. 腰；腰部；腰围n. 背心；内衣adj. 使人反感的；令人厌恶的再一次需要……adv. 尽情地；热心地；痛快地vt. 俯视；忽视；不理会n. 字母表adj. 有效的& vt.（使）褪色；减弱；逐渐消失（声音、画面）逐渐模糊；渐淡Unit 5vt. 确认；识别；鉴别n. 可能的选择adj. 供选择的；其他的n. 考古学(<美>archeology)adj. 考古学的；与考古学有关的(<美>archeological)n. 考古学家(<美>archeologist)n. 挨饿；饿死adj. 试探性的；不确定的n. 精确；准确vt. 挖掘；发掘n. 挖掘；发掘vt. & vi. 打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止adj. 有观察力的；敏锐的；严重的；深刻的vt. 假定；设想adv. 不管；不顾不管；不顾n. 席子；垫子n. 被子；棉被n. 野兽至多；最多n. 厘米(<美>centimeter)vi. & vt. （使）锋利；尖锐；清晰n. 磨具；削具切碎vt. 擦净；削平；磨光n. 刮刀；刮削器adj. 足够的；充足的；富裕的adj. 凌乱的；脏的adj. 原始的；远古的；简陋的n. 小珠子；滴n. 植物学adj. 植物学的；与植物学有关的n. 分析n. 海贝壳vt. & vi. 使……成熟；成熟n. 种类；类别；范畴n. 意义；意思；重要性；重要意义adv. 以……方式；不知怎么地adj. 有系统的；有计划的；有条理的vt. (spat, spit; spat, spit) 吐出（唾液、食物等）vi.吐痰vt. 删；删除n. 相册；集邮册；唱片n. （刮、抓、划的）痕迹；搔；挠vt. 搔；抓；擦伤；刮坏n. 学院；学会；学术团体；院校n. 接待员；招待员n. 洋葱n. 幼儿园n. 滑板受够了；饱受；厌烦n. 酸乳酷；酸奶adj. 放射性的；有辐射能的n. 放射性n. 分割；划分；分配；分界线公元前n. （各种）瓜n. 皱纹vi. 强烈而有规律地跳动；搏动n.脉搏；节拍n. 血管；静脉vi. & vt. 鼓掌欢迎；赞赏向前看；为将来打算vt. & vi. 嗥叫；叫喊；吼叫vi. & vt. 加速；促进n. 矛；枪vt. 逮捕；吸引n.逮捕；拘留adj. 晕眩的；昏乱的；使人发晕或困惑的n. 眉毛n. 颧骨n. 箭头n. 斧；斧子n. 铁锤；锤子adj. 快乐的；欢快的adv. 快乐地；轻松地adj. 有技巧的；熟练的(<.美>skillful)追溯到……n. 标点符号vt. & vi. 崇拜；敬奉n.崇拜；敬神n. 技艺；手艺；精工细作。

人教版高中英语选修8 课文及翻译选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversity-ReadingCALIFORNIACalifornia is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population. It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA, having attracted people from all over the world. The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home. This diversity of culture is not surprising when you know the history of California.NATIVE AMERCANSExactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. In the 16th century, after the arrival of the Europeans, the native people suffered greatly. Thousands were killed or forced into slavery. In addition, many died from the diseases brought by the Europeans. However, some survived these terrible times, and today there are more Native Americans living in California than in any other state.THE SPANISHIn the 18th century California was ruled by Spain. Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century, when they fought against the native people and took their land. Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States. Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives. In 1821, the people of Mexico gained their independence from Spain. California then became part of Mexico. In 1846 the United States declared war on Mexico, and after the war won by the USA, Mexico had to give California to the USA. However, there is still a strong Spanish influence in the state. That is why today over 40 of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.RUSSIANSIn the early 1800s, Russian hunters, who had originally gone to Alaska, began settling in California. Today there are about 25,000 Russian-Americans living in and around San Francisco.GOLD MINERSIn 1848, not long after the American-Mexican war, gold was discovered in California. The dream of becoming rich quickly attracted people from all over the world. The nearest, and therefore the first to arrive, were South Americans and people from the United States. Then adventurers from Europe and Asia soon followed. In fact, few achieved their dream of becoming rich. Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship. They settled in the new towns or on farms. By the time California elected to become thethirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.LATER A RRIVALSAlthough Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period, it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s. Today, Chinese-Americans live in all parts of California, although a large percentage have chosen to stay in the "Chinatowns" of Los Angeles and San Francisco.Other immigrants such as Italians, mainly fishermen but also wine makers, arrived in California in the late 19th century. In 1911 immigrants from Denmark established a town of their own, which today still keeps up their Danish culture. By the 1920s the film industry was well established in Hollywood, California. The industry boom attracted Europeans including many Jewish people. Today California has the second largest Jewish population in the United States.Japanese farmers began arriving in California at the beginning of the 20th century, and since the 1980s a lot more have settled there. People from Africa have been living in California since the 1800s, when they moved north from Mexico. However, even more arrived between 1942 and 1945 to work in the ship and aircraft industries. MOST RECENT ARRIVALSIn more recent decades, California has become home to more people from Asia, including Koreans, Cambodians, Vietnamese and Laotians. Since its beginning in the 1970s, the computer industry has attracted Indians and Pakistanis to California. THE FUTUREPeople from different parts of the world, attracted by the climate and the lifestyle, still immigrate to California. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.GEORGE’S DIARY 12TH—14TH JUNEMonday 12th, JuneArrived early this morning by bus. Went straight to hotel to drop my luggage, shower and shave. Then went exploring. First thing was a ride on a cable car. From top of the hill got a spectacular view of San Francisco Bay and the city. Built in 1873, the cable car system was invented by Andrew Hallidie, who wanted to find a better form of transport than horse-drawn trams. Apparently he'd been shocked when he saw a terrible accident in which a tram's brakes failed, the conductor could not control the situation and the tram slipped down the hill dragging the horses with it. Had a late lunch at Fisherman's What. This is the district where Italian fishermen first came to San Francisco in the late 19th century and began the fishing industry. Now it's a tourist area with lots of shops, sea food restaurants and bakeries. It's also the place to catch the ferry to Angel Island and other places in the Bay.Did so much exploring at Fisherman's What. Am exhausted and don't feel like doing anything else. Early bed tonight!Tuesday 13th, JuneTeamed up with a couple from my hotel (Peter and Terri) and hired a car. Spent all day driving around the city. There's a fascinating drive marked out for tourists. It has blue and white signs with seagulls on them to show the way to go. It's a 79km round-trip that takes in all the famous tourist spots. Stopped many times to admire the view of the city from different angles and take photographs. Now have a really good idea of what the city's like.In evening, went to Chinatown with Peter and Terri. Chinese immigrants settled in this area in the 1850s. The fronts of the buildings are decorated to look like old buildings in southern China. Saw some interesting temples here, a number of markets and a great many restaurants. Also art galleries and a museum containing documents, photographs and all sorts of objects about the history of Chinese immigration, but it is closed in the evening. Will go back during the day. Had a delicious meal and then walked down the hill to our hotel.Wednesday 14th, JuneIn morning, took ferry to Angel Island from the port in San Francisco Bay. On the way had a good view of the Golden Gate Bridge. From 1882 to 1940 Angel Island was a famous immigration station where many Chinese people applied for right to live in USA. The cells in the station were very small, cold and damp; some did not even have light but the immigrants had nowhere else to go. Their miserable stay seemed to be punishment rather than justice and freedom to them. They wrote poems on the walls about their loneliness and mourned their former life in China. In 1940 the civil authorities reformed the system so that many more Chinese people were able to grasp the opportunity of settling in the USA. Made me very thoughtful and thankful for my life today.选修8 Unit 2 Cloning-ReadingCLONING: WHERE IS IT LEADING US?Cloning has always been with us and is here to stay. It is a way of making an exact copy of another animal or plant. It happens in plants when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones. It also happens in animals when twins identical in sex and appearance are produced from the same original egg. The fact is that these are both examples of natural clones.Cloning has two major uses. Firstly, gardeners use it all the time to produce commercial quantities of plants. Secondly, it is valuable for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals. Cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very complicated. It is a difficult task to undertake. Many attempts to clone mammals failed. But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough - the cloning of Dolly the sheep.The procedure works like this:On the one hand, the whole scientific world followed the progress of the first successful clone, Dolly the sheep. The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dolly's illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal. Altogether Dolly lived six and a half years, half the length of the life of the original sheep. Sadly the same arbitrary fate affected other species, such as cloned mice. The questions that concerned all scientists were: "Would this be a major difficulty for all cloned animals? Would it happen forever? Could it be solved if corrections were made in their research procedure?"On the other hand, Dolly's appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination. It became controversial. It suddenly opened everybody's eyes to the possibility of using cloning to cure serious illnesses and even to produce human beings.Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult to obtain, newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves to attain their ambitions. Religious leaders also raised moral questions. Governments became nervous and more conservative. Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning, but other countries like China and the UK, continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide. However, scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.克隆一直在我们左右并且已经被大多数人接受。

英语选修八全部课文翻译单位 1 A 不同的土地－阅读加州加州是在美国的第三大的州但是有最大的人口。

它也有区别─身为美国中最多元文化的州，从全世界已经吸引人们。

移民的关税和语言倚赖生活在他们新的在家。

当你知道加州的历史时，文化的这不同不令人惊讶。

本国的 AMERCANS完全地当第一的个人在我们现在知道当做加州的到达，没有人真的知道。

然而，是有可能的是，美国原住民一万五千年前至少住在加州。

科学家相信这些移民者藉由一个在史前的时代存在了的陆桥越过了在北极圈中的白令海峡到美国。

在 16 世纪内，在欧洲人的抵达，本国的人遭受很大之后。

数千进入奴隶的身份之内被杀或强迫。

此外，多数从被欧洲人带来的疾病死了。

然而，一些遭受这些可怕的时代后幸存，而且今天有较多的美国原住民住在加州超过在任何其他的州。

西班牙人在 18 世纪内，加州被西班牙统治了。

西班牙军人在 16 世纪初期内首先抵达南美洲了，当他们对抗了本国的人而且拿他们的土地。

两世纪之后，西班牙人在南美洲的大多数地区安顿和向前我们现在呼叫美国的西北海岸。

第一个西班牙人去加州，多数是宗教性的男人，部将向本地人教天主教徒宗教。

在 1821 年，墨西哥人们得到了他们自西班牙独立。

加州然后变成了墨西哥的一部份。

在 1846 美国宣布墨西哥战争，在被美国嬴得的战争之后，墨西哥必须把加州给美国。

然而，仍然有州的强烈的西班牙影响力。

那是今天超过加州人中的 40 为什么说西班牙语为第一或第二种语言。

俄国人在 1800 年代早期，俄国猎人，本来去安拉斯加州，开始了在加州定居。

今天旧金山周围地区有大约 25000 俄国人－美国人住。

淘金者在 1848 年，不在美国人－墨西哥的战争之后长久地，黄金在加州被发现。

很快地变成富有的梦从全世界吸引了人们。

最近的，因此第一者到达，是南美洲的和来自美国的人们。

然后来自欧洲的冒险家和亚洲很快跟随。

事实上，很少的达成了他们变成富有的梦。

一些死或者被送回的在家，但是最保持了在加州为自己作生活尽管棒的艰难。