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初中易考知识点动词的时态和语态变化规则动词是语言中最基本的词汇之一，它能够描述人、事物的动作、状态和存在。
在学习英语的过程中，掌握动词的时态和语态变化规则是非常重要的。
本文将为大家详细介绍初中常见的动词时态和语态的变化规则。
一、动词时态的变化规则1. 现在时态现在时态用来表示现在正在进行的动作或经常性的动作。
一般情况下，现在时态变化的规则如下：（1）一般现在时陈述句：主语 + 动词原形（第三人称单数要加-s）如：I study English every day.（我每天学习英语。
）He watches TV every evening.（他每天晚上看电视。
）（2）现在进行时陈述句：主语 + be动词（am/is/are）+ 动词-ing如：They are playing basketball in the park.（他们正在公园里打篮球。
）She is reading a book at home.（她正在家里看书。
）（3）现在感叹句助动词do/does + 主语 + 动词原形如：Do you like ice cream?（你喜欢冰淇淋吗？）Does he play the piano very well?（他弹钢琴弹得很好吗？）2. 过去时态过去时态用来表示在过去发生的动作或存在的状态。
一般情况下，过去时态变化的规则如下：（1）一般过去时陈述句：主语 + 动词过去式如：She studied hard last night.（她昨晚努力学习。
）They visited their grandparents yesterday.（他们昨天去看望了他们的祖父母。
）（2）过去进行时陈述句：主语 + was/were + 动词-ing如：He was playing basketball when I called him.（当我给他打电话时，他正在打篮球。
）We were watching a movie at that time.（那时我们正在看电影。
英语动词时态总结一、一般现在时(Simple Present Tense)表示经常性动作、惯性动作、普遍真理等。
1. 动词原形：- I, you, we, they + 动词原形- He, she, it + 动词原形 + -s/-es2. 特殊用法：- 表示客观事实或普遍真理：The sun rises in the east.- 表示经常性或惯性动作：I often go for a run in the morning.二、一般过去时(Simple Past Tense)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
1. 动词过去式：- 一般情况下，动词过去式在词尾加-ed。
- 不规则动词过去式需单独记忆。
2. 特殊用法：- 表示过去的经历或事件：We traveled to France last summer.三、一般将来时(Simple Future Tense)表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。
1. will/shall + 动词原形：- I, you, he, she, it, we, they + will + 动词原形- I, we + shall + 动词原形2. 特殊用法：- 表示决定、承诺、意愿等：I will help you with your homework.四、现在进行时(Present Continuous Tense)表示现在正在进行的动作。
1. be(am/is/are) + 动词-ing：- I + am + 动词-ing- He, she, it + is + 动词-ing- You, we, they + are + 动词-ing2. 特殊用法：- 表示现在进行的动作：I am studying for the exam.五、过去进行时(Past Continuous Tense)表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。
1. was/were + 动词-ing：- I, he, she, it + was + 动词-ing- You, we, they + were + 动词-ing2. 特殊用法：- 表示过去正在进行的动作：She was watching TV when I arrived.六、将来进行时(Future Continuous Tense)表示将来某个时间正在进行的动作。
英语十二时态总结英语中有12种时态，分为四个时态：简单时态、进行时态、完成时态和完成进行时态。
以下是它们的总结：1. 简单现在时：表示现在正在进行的动作或状态。
例如：I speak English every day.2. 简单过去时：表示过去发生的动作或状态。
例如：I spoke English yesterday.3. 简单将来时：表示将来要发生的动作或状态。
例如：I willspeak English tomorrow.4. 现在进行时：表示现在正在进行的动作。
例如：I am speaking English now.5. 过去进行时：表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。
例如：I was speaking English at 3 o'clock yesterday.6. 将来进行时：表示在将来某个时间正在进行的动作。
例如：Iwill be speaking English at 4 o'clock tomorrow.7. 现在完成时：表示在过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态。
例如：I have spoken English for 5 years.8. 过去完成时：表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经完成的动作或状态。
例如：I had spoken English before I went to America.9. 将来完成时：表示在将来某个时间之前完成的动作或状态。
例如：I will have spoken English for 10 years by the end of this month.10. 现在完成进行时：表示在过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在，且正在进行的动作或状态。
例如：I have been speaking English for 5 hours.11. 过去完成进行时：表示在过去某个时间点之前已经开始，一直延续到过去某个时间点，且正在进行的动作或状态。
动词时态详解动词时态是指动词表示的动作或状态所发生的时间。
在英语中，有多种不同的时态，每种时态都有其独特的用法和含义。
以下是对一些常见动词时态的详细解释：1. 现在时态 (Present Tense)- 一般现在时 (Simple Present): 用于表达经常性的动作、客观事实、普遍真理等。
- 现在进行时 (Present Continuous): 用于表示正在进行的动作。
- 现在完成时 (Present Perfect): 用于表示过去发生的动作与现在的关系，强调结果或经验。
- 现在完成进行时 (Present Perfect Continuous): 用于表示过去开始并一直持续到现在的动作。
2. 过去时态 (Past Tense)- 一般过去时 (Simple Past): 用于表达过去发生的动作或状态。
- 过去进行时 (Past Continuous): 用于表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。
- 过去完成时 (Past Perfect): 用于表示过去某一动作或状态在另一过去时间点之前发生。
- 过去完成进行时 (Past Perfect Continuous): 用于表示过去某一时间点之前已开始并持续到另一时间点的动作。
3. 将来时态 (Future Tense)- 一般将来时(Simple Future): 用于表示将来发生的动作或状态。
- 将来进行时 (Future Continuous): 用于表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作。
- 将来完成时 (Future Perfect): 用于表示将来某一时间点之前已经完成的动作。
- 将来完成进行时 (Future Perfect Continuous): 用于表示将来某一时间点之前已开始并持续到另一时间点的动作。
以上是关于常见动词时态的简要说明。
对于每种时态，还有其他细节和规则需要进一步了解和掌握。
在使用动词时态时，确保根据具体语境和需要选择合适的时态，以便准确地表达你的意思。
动词时态的全面解析准确运用过去现在和将来时动词时态的全面解析及准确运用过去、现在和将来时动词时态是英语语法中的一个重要部分，它用来表达动作或状态发生的时间。
正确地运用时态可以使句子更加准确、流畅，并能够有效传达我们所要表达的意思。
本文将对动词时态进行全面解析，并指导如何准确运用过去时、现在时和将来时。
1. 过去时（Past Tense）过去时用于描述已经发生过的动作或状态。
一般过去时表示的是过去某个特定时间发生的动作，例如：I watched a movie last night.（昨晚我看了一部电影。
）He lived in London for five years.（他在伦敦生活了五年。
）除了一般过去时外，过去时还有以下几种形式：1.1 过去进行时（Past Continuous Tense）过去进行时表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作，或过去某一时间段内连续发生的动作，例如：I was watching a movie when she called me.（她给我打电话时，我正在看电影。
）They were playing basketball from 4 pm to 6 pm yesterday.（昨天从下午4点到6点，他们一直在打篮球。
）1.2 过去完成时（Past Perfect Tense）过去完成时表示在过去某个时间之前已经发生的动作，例如：She had already finished her homework before he arrived.（他到之前她已经完成了作业。
）They had known each other for ten years before they got married.（他们在结婚前已经认识了十年。
）1.3 过去完成进行时（Past Perfect Continuous Tense）过去完成进行时表示过去某一时间之前一直在进行的动作，例如：I had been waiting for two hours when the bus finally arrived.（公交车最终到达时，我已经等了两个小时了。
动词的时态和语态一、动词的时态(1)一般现在时表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态,或说明主语的特征。
①一般现在时句子中常有的时间状语：often,usually,sometimes,always,every (day等),once/twice,a (week等), on (Sunday等),never,in the (morning等)。
如：They go to the Palace Museum once a year.(他们每年去一次故宫)/ They often discuss business in the evening.(他们经常在晚上商谈生意)②表示客观真理、事实、人的技能或现在的状态时句子里一般不用时间状语。
如：The earth turns round the sun.(地球绕着太阳转)/ Light travels faster than sound.(光传播比声音快)③表示十分确定会发生(如安排好的事情)或按照时间表进行的事情,用一般现在可以表达将来,句子中可以有将来时间。
如：The train for Haikou leaves at 8：00 in the morning.(开往汉口的列车上午8点开车)④在时间状语从句中(以when, after, before, while, until, as soon as等引导)和条件状语从句中(以if,unless引导),用一般现在时代替一般将来时,句子可以有将来时间。
如：Please ring me up as soon as you arrive in Germany.(你一到德国就给我打电话) / If it rains tomorrow,we will have to stay at home.(如果明天下雨我们就只好呆在家)⑤一般现在时用于倒装句中可以表示正在发生的动作,动词以come, go为主。
如：Herecomes the bus. (车来了) / There goes the bell.(铃响了)。
初中英语动词的时态
初中英语通常学习的动词时态包括以下几种：
1. 现在时态（Present Tense）：用来描述现在正在进行的动作或状态。
例子：I play football every weekend.（我每个周末都踢足球。
）
2. 过去时态（Past Tense）：用来描述已经发生过的动作或状态。
例子：She went to the store yesterday.（她昨天去了商店。
）
3. 将来时态（Future Tense）：用来描述将来会发生的动作或状态。
例子：We will visit our grandparents next week.（我们下周会去看望祖父母。
）
4. 过去进行时态（Past Continuous Tense）：用来描述在过去某个时间点正在进行的动作。
例子：They were playing basketball when it started raining.（下雨时他们正在打篮球。
）
5. 现在进行时态（Present Continuous Tense）：用来描述现在正在进行的动作。
例子：I am reading a book right now.（我现在正在看书。
）
初中英语通常会涉及以上几种基本的动词时态，学生需要掌握它们的用法和构成形式。
拓展训练2020年中考英语专题分类卷专题十二动词的时态（一）( )1. (2018 .长沙)As long as the whole of our society ____________ trying, we will make our skies blue again.A. keepsB. will keepC. kept( )2. (2018 .河北) Gary is the best singer in my class. No one else______so well.A. singsB. sangC. will singD. is singing( )3. (2018 .安徽) Before the sun ______,we need to get to the top of the mountain.A. setB. setsC. is settingD. will set( )4. (2018 .北京) Bill likes reading. He ______ picture books with his dad every evening.A. readB. readsC. is readingD. has read( )5.If it_____sunny tomorrow, I will go shopping with my friend in the supermarket.A. will beB. beC. isD. was( )6. Unless the weather ______, we'll have to cancel the picnic.A. improveB. improvesC. improvedD. will improve( )7. -Who is that lady?-She's Miss Green. She _____us music, and she is so good.A. taughtB. teachesC. will teachD. is teaching( )8. Don't worry. Bill will help you look after your dog when you_______away on business.A. areB. wereC. will heD. have been( )9. -1 think I'll take a bus to the meeting.-The bus? If you______, you will be late.A. doB. have doneC. will doD. does( )10. Alice prefers stories that ______ short and funny.A. areB. isC. wasD. were( )11. Grandpa ______ glasses when he reads.A. wearsB. woreC. has wornD. was wearing( )12. We will go to Tian'anmen Square to watch the raising of national flag if it ______ ______ tomorrow.A. will rainB. rainsC. doesn't rainD. won't rain( )13. Many city people ______ their bikes to work every day.A. rideB. will rideC. rodeD. have ridden( )14.I will send you an e-mail as soon as I ____________ in London.A. arrivedB. arriveC. will arriveD. arrives( )15. (2018 .绥化) He ______ his grandparents in the countryside last week.A. visitsB. visitC. visited( ) 16. (2018 .重庆A) They don't live here any longer. They ______ to Chengdu last month.A. moveB. movedC. will moveD. are moving( )17. (2018 .哈尔滨)-I have seen the film The Jurassic World H《侏罗纪世界Ⅱ》. It's very interesting.-Really? When ____________ you ____________ it?A. have, seenB. did, seeC. will,see( )18. (2018 .天津)-Jerry, have you ever been to the Great Wall?-Yes.I ______ there with my parents last year.A. goB. wentC. will goD. have gone( )19. (2018 .河北)-The bread is really delicious.-Thank you.I ____________ it myself.A. makeB. madeC. will makeD. am making( ) 20. (2018 .北京) David is a tennis player. He ______ to play tennis when he was six years old.A. beginsB. will beginC. BeganD. has begun( )21.(2017 .上海) Several journalists ______the lawyer about the international case an hour ago.A. interviewB. interviewedC. will interviewD. had interviewed( )22. -There is someone knocking at the door.-It must be the computer repairman.l ______ him to come to fix my computer.A. callB. have calledC. calledD. will call( )23. -Sorry, Tom.I can't find the book you ______me.-It's OK.I don't need it any more.A. lendB. have lentC. will lendD. lent( )24. My mind wasn't on what he was saying so I'm afraid I ______ half of it.A. MissedB. was missingC. will missD. would miss( )25. Oh,no !I ______ the book in the lab.A. leaveB. leftC. will leaveD. was leaving( )26. -Have you read this book?-Yes, I______ it two months ago.A. is readingB. have readC. will readD. read( )27. -Your coat fits you well.-Thank you.I ______ it when I was on vacation.A. have boughtB. buyC. boughtD. will buy( )28. -Oh,no !I can't find my mobilephone !-Well, where ____________ you last put it?A. haveB. doC. did( )29. (2018南京)-We ______ to Yun Brocade Museum with the exchange students this coming summer holiday.-That's amazing !A. wentB. goC. have goneD. will go( )30.(2018 .江西)We ______ ______ a party for Kate. It's supposed to be a surprise.A. were havingB. hadC. will haveD. have had( )31. Just go down the road, and you ______ the library next to the bank.A. seeB. sawC. have seenD. will see( )32. We ______ have a picnic together with our teachers next Thursday.A. are goingB. are going toC. will goingD. may going to( )33.With the development of science and technology, robot cooks______ in our families in the future.A. appearB. appearedC. will appearD. were appearing( )34. Many scientists believe that robots ______ able to talk like humans in 50 years.A. wereB. areC. will beD. have been( )35.I ______Chinese dishes for my foreign friends tomorrowevening.A. will cookB. have cookedC. cookD. cooked( )36. -Did you call Jenny?-Oh no, I forgot.I ______ her right away.A. calledB. have calledC. callD. will call( )37. We ______ for a picnic if it ______ ______ rain this Sunday.A. will go; doesn'tB. will go; won'tC. go; doesn't ( )38. The kids may not go to school in the future. They ______at home on computers.A. have studiedB. will studyC. studied( )39. -Do you have any plans for tonight？-Yes, I ______ at the new Italian restaurant in town.A. eatB. have eatenC. ateD. am going to eat( )40. -Have you watched the new movie Jurassic World,Steven ?-Not yet.I ______ it with my cousin this evening.A. will watchB. was watchingC. watchedD. have watched（二）( )1. (2018 .邰阳)-Where is Jim?-Look! He ______under the tree.A. is standingB. stoodC. stands( )2. (2018 .海南)-May I use your computer?-Sorry.I ______ on it.A. workB. am workingC. have worked( )3. (2017 .河北) Don't take the dictionary away. I it.A. useB. usedC. am usingD. have used( )4. (2017 .河南)-Paul,I'm busy cooking. Can you give a hand?-Just a minute. I my e-mail.A. am checkingB. will checkC. have checkedD. was checking( )5.Please don't make so much noise.The baby ______now.A. sleepsB. sleptC. will sleepD.is sleeping( )6. -Where are you going,Bob?-To go hiking. Eric ______ for me at the school gate !A. was waitingB. waitsC. waitedD. is waiting( )7. Don't enter the area. The students ____________ an English exam.A. takesB. are takingC. have takenD. took( )8. -May I speak to Mrs. Black?-Sorry, mum can't come to the phone now. She ______ a shower.A. hasB. hadC. is havingD. was having( )9. -Lily, where is your father now? Go and get him for lunch.-Just a moment, please. Father ______ a phone call in his room.A. makesB. is makingC. was makingD. made( )10. -Pass the raincoat to me, please.It ______ hard now.-Here you are.A. is rainingB. rainedC. will rainD. rain( )11.Everyone wants to reach the top of the mountain, but all the happiness happens while you ______ it.A. climbB. climbedC. are climbingD. have climbed( )12. (2018 .绥化)I ______ ______this magazine for three months. A. have bought B. have hadC. have borrowed( )13. (2018 .武汉)-Do you still play basketball?-Oh, no.I ______it for the past two years.A. haven't playedB. didn't playC. won't playD. hadn't played( )14.(2018.呼和浩特) Diana can't go to the farm with her classmates because she ______ a bad cold.A. will catchB. is catchingC. has caughtD. is caught( )15. (2018 .青岛)-It's time to work now.-OK.I'll wake Carl up. He ______ for an hour.A. has fallen asleepB. has been asleepC. fell asleepD. falls asleep( )16.(2018 -福建) China ______ great achievements in science and technology since 1978.A. makesB. madeC. has made( )17. (2018 .广东)It is said that the number of forest parks in Guangdong______ to more than 1,000 so far.A increase B. increasedC. has increasedD. will increase( )18. (2018 .河北)I an invitation to the concert. I can't wait to go.A. receiveB. will receiveC. was receivingD. have received( )19. (2018 .北京)-Lucy,is your uncle a teacher?-Yes,he is. He ______ history for nearly 20 years.A. teachesB. has taughtC. is teachingD. will teach( )20. Wow! You ____________ dinner! Let's eat now.A. cookB. are cookingC. will cookD. have cooked( )21.I am surprised at the new look of my hometown, for it______ a lot over the years.A. changedB. changesC. will changeD. has changed( )22.It's nice to see you again. We ______ each other since 2014.A. won't seeB. don't seeC. haven't seenD. didn't see( )23.School violence (暴力) much attention of the whole society and people are calling on the government to make laws against it as early as possible.A. drewB. will drawC. has drawnD. was drawing( )24. Our team ______ another point! I'm sure we'll win the game. A. will get B. has gotC.is gettingD. was getting( )25.I don't feel very well, Jack. I'm afraid you______ me your cold.A. giveB. had givenC. have givenD. would give( )26. -Jenny, when did you move here?-I here for three years.A. livedB. movedC. have movedD. have lived( )27. -How do you like Treasure Island, Lucy?-It's so exciting that I ____________ it twice.A. am readingB. have readC. was readingD. had read( )28. -Hobo and Eddie ______ the cinema to watch the film Zootopia. -Oh, that's why I can't find them now.A. have gone toB. have been toC. has gone toD. has been to( )29. -Peter, you speak Chinese so well.-Thank you. I Chinese since I came here in 2013.A. will learnB. learnedC. have learnedD. learn( )30. Look !Someone the icebox back to the comer.-Well, it wasn't me.I didn't do it.A. has movedB. is movingC. was movingD. moves( )31.I ______scared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was five years old.A. will beB. WasC. have beenD. would be( )32.-Amy, can we give away these soft toys? We ______ them for many years.-Mom, but I want to keep the bear.A. boughtB. hadC. have boughtD. have had( ) 33. I heard a new song on the radio. I____ high and low in the music store, but I can't find the song.A. SearchB. have searchedC. am searchingD. will search( )34. (2018 .黔南州) Mary ______ ______ a math problem with her classmates when the math teacher knocked at the classroom door. A. has discussed B. was discussedC. was discussingD. discusses( )35. (2018 .成都)Yesterday,I ______the subway home when I suddenly found I was on the wrong line.A. tookB. was takingC. had taken( )36. (2018 .白银) She ______ ______ an English magazine when I came in.A. readsB. had readC. will readD. was reading( )37. (2018 .江番)-I saw the light of your room was still on at two o'clock last night.-Oh, I ____________a football match of the Russia World Cup.A. WatchedB. was watchedC. am watchingD. was watching( )38. (2018 .北京)-Paul,what were you doing at nine last night?-I_______a movie in the cinema with my friends.A. was watchingB. watchC. have watchedD. will watch( )39. (2017 .西宁)-I called you this morning, but nobody answered. -I____flowers in my garden at that time.A. wateredB. was wateringC. waterD. am watering( )40. ( 2017 .上海) Some exchange students ______ with their host families this time yesterday.A. are chattingB. will chatC. were chattingD. have chatted( )41. (2017 .武威) We ______ ______ TV from seven to nine last night.A. were watchingB. willC. watchedD. watch( )42. -I called you yesterday evening. But nobody answered.-Oh, sorry. Maybe I _______in the bathroom at that time.A. take a showerB. took a showerC. was taking a shower( )43. -Oh,dear!A power cut !-Sorry, I didn't know you ______ the washing machine.A. are usingB. usedC. useD. were using( )44. My mother ______ dinner when I got home yesterday.A. has cookedB. was cookingC. will cook.D. cooks( )45.I saw Sam and David in the playground yesterday afternoon. They______ games with their classmates then.A. playB. will playC. are playingD. were playing( )46. -Did you see a man in black pass by just now?-No, sir.I ______ my car.A. washB. washedC. am washingD. was washing( )47. -Were you at home at 9:30 last night?-Yes.l ______ Running Man at that time. It's my favorite TV show.A. watchB. have watchedC. am watchingD. was watching( )48. I saw Jeff in the park. He________on the grass and reading a book.A. sitsB. satC. is sittingD. was sitting（一）1.A 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.B 8.A 9.A 1O.A 11.A 12.C 13.A 14.B15.C 16.B 17.B 18.B 19.B 20.C 21.B 22.C 23.D 24.A 25.B 26.D 27.C 28.C 29.D 30.C 31.D 32.B 33.C 34.C 35.A 36.D 37.A 38.B 39.D 40.A（二）1.A 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.B 1O.A 11.C 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.B 16.C 17.C 18.D 19.B 20.D 21.D 22.C 23.C 24.B 25.C 26.D 27.B 28.A 29.C 30.A 31.C 32.D 33.B34.C 35.B 36.D 37.D 38.A 39.B 40.C41.A 42.C 43.D 44.B 45.D 46.D 47.D 48.D。
